he is still considered as a student, though research is a full time job. he has to pay university...
TRANSCRIPT
He is still considered as a student, though research is a full time job.He has to pay university registration fees (300 €) and student social security if he has no funding, or just a grant.
Fredérique Voisin-Demery, Pierre-Eric PobleConfédération des Etudiants-Chercheurs (CEC)- http://garp.univ-bpclermont.fr/cec/ - March 2001
Doctoral Studies in France
Offers training for PhD resaercher.•post-thesis period preparation•conferences•foreign languages, …
Problems:•lack of organization (new structures)
Doctoral SchoolLaboratory
It is supposed to provide:•desk, computer access, ...•means for research•conferences participation funding, …
Problems: •Humanities, Social Sciences do not have such structures•do not always provide good research conditions for PhD students.
Current Situation
Fundings
PhD Fundings
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
No funding
Wages
Foreigners' fundings
Misc. grants
Ministries, regions
Research institutions
CIFRE
Allocations
•Allocations : french Ministry of Education funding (915 €/month); teaching is posssible through 3 years contract (monitorats) payed 215 € / month in addition to allocation. CEC is currently trying to get a raise of the allocation amount.•CIFRE : business company funding with help of french governement (at least 1360 €/month).•Research institutions : as allocation or more in case of co-funding.•Ministries, regions :around the allocation amount. •Wages : other than those dedicated to the PhD preparation, include high school teachers preparing a thesis.
Part of womem between the new doctors in France
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
%
1996
1997
1998
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
19
94
19
95
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
Total number of PhD students in France
Math andcomputer science
Physical science
Earth and UniverseScience
Chemistry
Biology, Medicalstudies
Humanities
Social sciences
E.U. Ph D studentsin France in 1999
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
Mat
h and c
ompute
r sci
ence
Physic
al s
cien
ce
Earth
and U
niver
se S
cien
ce
Chemis
try
Biolo
gy, M
edic
al s
tudie
s
Human
ities
Social
sci
ence
s
E.U. Ph D students Foreigners Ph D students Total number
More than 60% in Humanities or Social Sciences.40% of PhD thesis will not be achieved
One doctor out of 4 is a foreigner, 30% coming from North Africa, and 14.5% from Europe
PhD Preparation
Charte des thèsesThis document binds the PhD student, his superviser, the laboratory director and the doctoral school director.It describes the rights and duties of each part.Problems:
•no legal basis•difficulties in controlling its application
PhDResearcher
belongs to
is part of
is protected by
Doctoral studies begin with DEA (one year diploma), followed by PhD preparation. PhD preparation lasts between 2 years and a half and 5 years, the average being 3 years and 4 months.In order to get his diploma (the doctorate) the young researcher has to write a report reviewed by 2 confirmed researchers, and to perform an oral presentation of his work in front of a jury.
66 000 PhD researchers in France. 11 000 PhD defended each year.
63% have a funding dedicated to their PhD preparation.
PhD Researchers’ Future
Doctors' situation 18 months after the PhD is over
0%20%40%60%80%
100%
Unemployment
Unstable jobs
High school
Administrations
Business companies
Tenure position
Postdoc
•Postdoc: include french 2 years position ATER (half research, half teaching). Postdocs ’ coming back to France is a problem: not enough positions available, too old to enter companies. •Tenure positions: either in universities (half research, half teaching), or in research institutions. Until recently, it was the natural future of a doctor.•Business companies: French doctors have trouble finding jobs there. French « Grandes Ecoles » graduate are supposed to be better trained. But 30% of french doctors will have to find their job in firms. Trainings offered by Doctoral Schools should help them, as well as the better economic situation.
27% postdoc, 27% tenure positions, 25% companies