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SUPERVISIONSUPERVISION

SUPERVISORSUPERVISOR

SUPERVISOR

SupervisionHead Nurse &

SUPERVISION

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Supervision----Dictionary meaning—Dictionary meaning— To direct the performance or operation To direct the performance or operation

of an activity or processof an activity or process To watch over ( people) so as to ensure To watch over ( people) so as to ensure

appropriate behaviorappropriate behavior

SuperSuper = Above = Above Vision Vision = Seeing= Seeing SupervisionSupervision it is observing it is observing its guiding its guiding it is judging it is judging SupervisorSupervisor??One who supervises others by One who supervises others by

assigning and monitoring tasksassigning and monitoring tasks33

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SupervisionSupervision

Is like Is like parentingparenting – both jobs are far too – both jobs are far too important to be left a important to be left a CHANCECHANCE

It is vehicle through which the objective It is vehicle through which the objective of an organization are attained of an organization are attained

Supervision is a Supervision is a directingdirecting vehicle of vehicle of nursing service management nursing service management

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SUPERVISION is a Process-SUPERVISION is a Process-.... Where an expert or more experienced Where an expert or more experienced

practitioner practitioner GUIDES & DIRECTSGUIDES & DIRECTS the the performance of a less skilled practitioner performance of a less skilled practitioner in order to help and improve the in order to help and improve the performanceperformance

....By which employees are given the needed By which employees are given the needed resources to accomplish their jobsresources to accomplish their jobs

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4 Elements supervision4 Elements supervision

Supervisor Supervisee

Their RelationshipThe Environment

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It is the It is the ART of applying scienceART of applying science of of behavior technologybehavior technology

It is It is person centeredperson centered Involves Involves planning, organizing and planning, organizing and

evaluating workevaluating work

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Nursing SupervisionNursing Supervision

A process in Nursing Administration A process in Nursing Administration A guide for HN in round makingA guide for HN in round making Areas of observation and Areas of observation and

communication which can serve as a communication which can serve as a basis for guidance and evaluation basis for guidance and evaluation

Creating an environment that permits Creating an environment that permits quality care quality care

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Clinical supervision ..Clinical supervision .. Monitoring the quality of the Monitoring the quality of the

professionalprofessional service service offered to the offered to the clients, he/she/they -see (clients, he/she/they -see (ss) and serving ) and serving as as a gatekeepera gatekeeper for those who are for those who are entering the profession entering the profession

An An excellent supervisorexcellent supervisor is developed is developed through through education & training through education & training through practice and experience practice and experience

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DEFINITION OF & RATIONALE FOR, DEFINITION OF & RATIONALE FOR, CLINICAL SUPERVISIONCLINICAL SUPERVISION

Clinical supervision is a process based Clinical supervision is a process based upon a clinically focused relationship upon a clinically focused relationship between the member of staff engaged between the member of staff engaged in practice and a clinical supervisor. in practice and a clinical supervisor.

Nursing supervisor– H Nurse - is overseeing Nursing supervisor– H Nurse - is overseeing

...employee at work ...employee at work Overseeing ...also means Overseeing ...also means

Directing, investigating, guiding, helping, and Directing, investigating, guiding, helping, and advising the subordinates in the performance advising the subordinates in the performance

with the purpose of with the purpose of

established objectives established objectives

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Nursing supervision provide and Nursing supervision provide and create…..create…..

An environment that permits An environment that permits and provokes quality careand provokes quality care

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So.. It’s the relationship between 2 So.. It’s the relationship between 2 partiesparties .. ..

1. Supervisor 1. Supervisor 2. The one who is supervised2. The one who is supervised ( Supervisee)( Supervisee)

It’s a more collegial and both parties It’s a more collegial and both parties learn from each otherlearn from each other

It require good interpersonal skillIt require good interpersonal skill CRITICAL THINKING & ASSESSMENT CRITICAL THINKING & ASSESSMENT

Frequent feed back is the key componentFrequent feed back is the key component

Purposes Professional development Patient satisfaction Quality patient care Individual respect Professional accountability Self assessment – opportunity for

supervisor Increased morale – staff satisfaction – Development & promotion of staff

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Effective Leadership & Effective Leadership & ManagementManagement

== Understanding of individual Understanding of individual strengths, weakness & potentialstrengths, weakness & potential ++ Knowledge of basic ingredients forKnowledge of basic ingredients for leadership & Management leadership & Management

++ Systematic use of self to get the Systematic use of self to get the RIGHT THINGSRIGHT THINGS done at done at RIGHT RIGHT

TIMETIME

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Principles of SUPERVISIONPrinciples of SUPERVISION

Be professionally and technically competent Ensure good planning, organizing and

coordination Adopt positive and supportive attitude rather an

attitude for inspection Provide good leadership Provide necessary counselling, guidance, and

training of staff Create suitable climate for productive work

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Principles of supervision---- contd…Principles of supervision---- contd…

Communicate with staff freely

Encourage staff in decision making

Understand the situation and the problems Give autonomy to staff depending upon

personalities , expertise, capabilities, knowledge, competence , experience, and characteristics

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Roles of Supervision / supervisorRoles of Supervision / supervisor Supports the nursing administration—Supports the nursing administration— Planning, implementing and evaluating Planning, implementing and evaluating the nursing care system the nursing care system So the responsibilities include….So the responsibilities include…. Defining and maintaining the Defining and maintaining the standard of practicestandard of practice Assessing the quality of care renderedAssessing the quality of care rendered Initiating the development of nursing service Initiating the development of nursing service

policies & procedurespolicies & procedures Verifying nurse’s credentialsVerifying nurse’s credentials Ensuring sound nursing practice Ensuring sound nursing practice

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Roles of Supervision / supervisor… contd Roles of Supervision / supervisor… contd

Resource management … training- Resource management … training- retention of qualified staff retention of qualified staff

Use the material resources wisely & Use the material resources wisely & economically economically

Fiscal management – Annual plan , Fiscal management – Annual plan , develop departmental goal in develop departmental goal in compatible with organization goalscompatible with organization goals

Statistical information of nursing Statistical information of nursing budgetbudget

Unit budget Unit budget

Techniques of Nursing supervision Conference – group --- individual Anecdotal records Assistance with bedside care Reassurance Supervision of nursing procedures Incidental teaching Get good communication skills on both sides Build a trusting relationship Develop a supervisee centered approach

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Areas of supervision Human relation skill – staff,

patients/relatives, health care personnel Supervision of staff Performance --- old --- new Leadership skills Set up of the area – Environment hygiene

-- ward or clinic, Equipment Supplies / storage of drugs Technical & managerial knowledge Record , documents--

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Remember…..Remember….. If you If you fail to supervisefail to supervise properlyproperly there will be glaring deficiencies in the there will be glaring deficiencies in the

provision of nursing service provision of nursing service

On the scene supervisionOn the scene supervision is very is very important important

Unsupervised functionsUnsupervised functions eventually result eventually result in --- mishaps- accidents- failure of in --- mishaps- accidents- failure of therapy- or even malpractice moreover therapy- or even malpractice moreover indifferent patient care !!!!!indifferent patient care !!!!!

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Realize Realize …..…..

Professional nurses want Professional nurses want supervisors as supervisors as MENTORSMENTORS & & ROLE MODELS.ROLE MODELS.

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Management principles inManagement principles in Supervision-Supervision-----------

ASSESSASSESS Total work load- Patients---- other worksTotal work load- Patients---- other works Skill of staffSkill of staff Time needed for each jobTime needed for each job Environmental factorsEnvironmental factors Physical arrangementsPhysical arrangements Budgets- manpower, equipment, Budgets- manpower, equipment,

supplies etcsupplies etc

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PLANPLANWhat to superviseWhat to supervise??

How well it is delegatedHow well it is delegated??

IMPLEMENT IMPLEMENT Be specificBe specific Give encouragementGive encouragement Give rationaleGive rationale Allow questions & clarificationsAllow questions & clarifications Give time frames and expectationsGive time frames and expectations Follow-up in appropriate time frameFollow-up in appropriate time frame

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EVALUATE EVALUATE Get the feed back from coworkersGet the feed back from coworkers Completion of the task delegatedCompletion of the task delegated Outcome of overall workOutcome of overall work Assess variances and processAssess variances and process Make revisionMake revision Look method to improveLook method to improve

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TIPS for implementing the role of TIPS for implementing the role of nurse supervisor-nurse supervisor-------

Possess management philosophy that Possess management philosophy that values peoplevalues people

Commitment to patient focused quality Commitment to patient focused quality care outcomescare outcomes

Desire to learn health care changes and its Desire to learn health care changes and its effect on her/his role functionseffect on her/his role functions

Life long learning process for self & staffLife long learning process for self & staff Belief that all staff share in addressing and Belief that all staff share in addressing and

solving work place issues solving work place issues

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Supervisor should-Supervisor should-----------(Golden rules (Golden rules ))

Gain the cooperation & confidence of Gain the cooperation & confidence of the staff through respect (the staff through respect (being being available to solve their problems)available to solve their problems)

Be a Be a ROLE MODELROLE MODEL --- no task is too --- no task is too smallsmall

Believe & trust your staffBelieve & trust your staff ASKASK from some one --- do not from some one --- do not

DEMANDDEMAND Respect others feelingRespect others feeling

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Supervisor should-Supervisor should------ contd----- contd…..….. Be organized – give Be organized – give clear instruction-clear instruction-

know strengths & weakness of staffknow strengths & weakness of staff

Always be Always be firm & directfirm & direct in emergency in emergency situationssituations

Allow Allow creativity– be a good listener---creativity– be a good listener---motivate & rewardmotivate & reward

Be Be honest, direct and to the point-honest, direct and to the point- for for every negative thing always say one every negative thing always say one positive thingpositive thing

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Supervisor should-Supervisor should------contd..-----contd..

Never ask someone to do something that Never ask someone to do something that you are not willing to do yourselfyou are not willing to do yourself

Provide Provide clear communications-clear communications- understand understand each other. Be pleasanteach other. Be pleasant

Listen what others say-Listen what others say---- don’t afraid to trust--- don’t afraid to trust Encourage educationEncourage education ---- its an ongoing ---- its an ongoing

processprocess Make Make experiencedexperienced in the area --- experienced in the area --- experienced

person is comfortable & a person is comfortable & a comfortable comfortable manager is efficient manager is efficient

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Issues in supervisionsIssues in supervisions Leadership StylesLeadership Styles

CommunicationCommunication – You can have expert skill: but – You can have expert skill: but if you if you cannot demonstratecannot demonstrate your skills to others your skills to others and move them to action you will have and move them to action you will have little little POWERPOWER

Motivation – maintaining staffMotivation – maintaining staff

motivation – is a delicate balancing act motivation – is a delicate balancing act for supervisorfor supervisor

Delegation of authorityDelegation of authority to others .. i.e guiding to others .. i.e guiding and supervising the efforts of others towards and supervising the efforts of others towards the attainment of goals the attainment of goals

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Supervision is more effective Supervision is more effective by …by …

Cooperative relationship Cooperative relationship Good knowledge of work involvedGood knowledge of work involved Skillful communicationSkillful communication Constructive evaluationConstructive evaluationThere is a need for thoughtful There is a need for thoughtful

constructive praise & sometimes constructive praise & sometimes criticismcriticism

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Employees expectation from Head Employees expectation from Head Nurse as SupervisorNurse as Supervisor))

Knowledge…..Knowledge….. Update latest trends in Nursing/Health careUpdate latest trends in Nursing/Health care Implement it in work situationImplement it in work situation Continuing EducationContinuing Education Encourage subordinates for better performanceEncourage subordinates for better performance

Leadership:Leadership: Good personalityGood personality Democratic leader – staff opinion, participative , Democratic leader – staff opinion, participative ,

consultativeconsultative Action centered Action centered AssertiveAssertive

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Administration:Administration: Planning- organizing delegation, evaluationPlanning- organizing delegation, evaluation CoordinatorCoordinator: : inter-department, guide good role modelinter-department, guide good role model Decision Making:Decision Making: Best problem solving, Critical Best problem solving, Critical

thinking, find justice in many aspects & opinion thinking, find justice in many aspects & opinion

Communication :Communication : good listener & interpreter , good listener & interpreter , supportive & defensive communication supportive & defensive communication ( identifying staff ( identifying staff need, personal problems, opportunity for education. need, personal problems, opportunity for education. Health aspects of staff , provide good environment etc)Health aspects of staff , provide good environment etc)

Research activitiesResearch activities

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H.N & SUPERVISORY ROUNDH.N & SUPERVISORY ROUND What is expected from me …….What is expected from me ……. my responsibility towardsmy responsibility towards ….. …..

The organization I belongThe organization I belong My superiorsMy superiors My peers My peers My subordinatesMy subordinates The patients The patients

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7 things you must give others if 7 things you must give others if you want to achieve success-you want to achieve success-----

Give others your Give others your HONESTYHONESTY Give others your Give others your RESPECTRESPECT Give others your Give others your VULNERABILITY VULNERABILITY

((capable of being woundedcapable of being wounded)) Give others your Give others your CARECARE Give others your Give others your PASSIONPASSION Give others your Give others your EXPERIENCEEXPERIENCE Give others your Give others your HELPHELP

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Remember the 3 Remember the 3 RRss

RRespect for espect for SELFSELF

RRespect for espect for OTHERSOTHERSRResponsibility for all esponsibility for all

your your ACTIONS ACTIONS

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GOOD LUCKGOOD LUCK ! ! Be Efficient Supervisors

Finally…

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Thank You