HeadingsandSubheadingsManual

Thismanualdiscusses:1.Theformattingrequirementsforheadingsandchapters/sections.2.Itprovidesstep-by-stepinstructionsonhowtosetupheadingstyles(majorheadingsandsubheadings)inMicrosoftWord.Thiswillhelpwithconsistentlyformattingbothheadingsandsubheadings.HeadingstylesareparticularlyimportantbecausetheyallowWordtoindexthelocationofeachindividualheadingandsubheading.ThiswillthenenableWordtoautomaticallygenerateaTableofContents(discussedintheTableofContentsManual),ratherthanhavingtomanuallycreateone.Thus,thiswillultimatelysaveyoutimeandensurethattheheadingsandsubheadingsareconsistentlylabeledonyourTableofContents.Briefly,itisimportanttonotethedifferenttypesofheadingsdiscussedinthismanual.

1.Majorheadings:Theseincludechapterheadingsaswellastheheadingsforanyothermajorsectioninyourdocument(e.g.,Abstract,TableofContents,Acknowledgements,References,Appendices/Appendix,andCurriculumVitae).

2.Subheadings:Theseincludethedifferentsectionheadingswithinyourchapters.Youcanhaveprimary(first-level)subheadings,secondary(second-level)subheadings,etc.Sections:Section1:FormattingRequirementsforHeadingsandChapters/Sections(p.2)Section2:FormattingMajorHeadings(p.3)Section3:FormattingSubheadings(p.6)Section4:ClearlyMistakesRelatedtoStyleFormatting(p.7)

UpdatedbyGCSSTSpring2020

2

Section1:FormattingRequirementsforHeadingsandChapters/Sections

FormattingRequirementsforHeadings:• Headingsizesandstylesmustbeconsistentthroughoutthedocument.This

meansthatallmajorheadings(e.g.,TableofContents,chapterheadings,References,etc.)musthavethesamestyle.Similarlyeachlevelofsubheading(e.g.,primaryorfirstlevelsubheadings,secondaryorsecondlevelsubheadings,etc.)mustalsohavethesamestyle.

• Headings(suchaschaptertitlesorsectiontitles)canbelargerfontsizethanthestandardtext,ifinaccordancewiththestudent’sapprovedstyleguideandadvisorycommittee.Thisstyledecisionmustbeappliedconsistentlythroughoutthetext.

• AllmajorheadingsmustappearontheTableofContents.• YoucanchosewhetherornottoincludeallsubheadinglevelsontheTableof

Contents;however,theymustbeconsistentlyincludedontheTableofContents.Forexample,ifyouchosetoputprimarysubheadingsontheTableofContentsthenallprimarysubheadingsmustappearforallchapters/sectionsofyourdocumentandsoon.

FormattingRequirementsforChaptersandSections:• Eachchapter/sectionmuststartonanewpage,separatefromthefinal

paragraphoftheprecedingchapter.• Pagenumbersremaincontinuousevenwhenstartinganewchapter/section.• AllchaptersandsectionsmustbelistedonyourTableofContents.• Ifchaptersareusedinyourdocument,introductionsandconclusionsmustbe

theirownchaptersorincludedinanotherchapter.

UpdatedbyGCSSTSpring2020

3

Section2:FormattingMajorHeadingsGeneralInformationonHeadingStylesinMicrosoftWord:SimilartoWordautomaticallyapplyingtheNormalstyletothebodytextofadocument,WordalsoautomaticallycreatesHeadingstyles.ThesecanbefoundintheStylesmenuandincludelabelssuchas“Heading1,”“Heading2,”“Heading3,”etc.WordautomaticallycreatesanotherheadingstyleforyoueachtimeyouapplyaHeadingstyletoaheading.ThismeansthatwhenyoufirstapplyHeading1,WordautomaticallygeneratesHeading2styleforyou.StepstoModifytheMajorHeadingStyles:SimilartomodifyingtheNormalstyleandapplyingthistothemaintextinyourdocument,youcanalsomodifytheHeading1styleandapplythisstyletoallmajorheadings.Note:DependingonyourversionofMicrosoftWord,Step2maynotwork.Instead,youcanrightclickonthestyleyouwishtochangeandselectModify.ThiswillbringuptheModifyStylebox.

1. OntheHometab,findtheStylessection.Inthissection,locatethestylecalled,“Heading1.”

2. Donotclickonthe“Heading1.”ClickthearrowlocatedatthebottomrightoftheStylesbox,whichbringsuptheStylesboxdropmenu.

3. Moveyourmouseto“Heading1.”TheParagraphsymbolwillchangetoanarrow.Clickonthearrow.Anotherboxwillpopup.ClickonModify.TheModifyStyleboxwillpopup.

4. Asdiscussedabove,theModifyStyleboxincludesallofthesameinformation

foundonyourtoolbar.WhenwediscussedmodifyingtheNormalStyleusingthisbox,wenotedyoucouldchangethedefaultsettingsforyourfontsizeandfont

UpdatedbyGCSSTSpring2020

4

type,spacing,andmoreforthebodytextofyourdocument.Thistime,incontrast,theModifyStyleboxonlyallowsyoutochangeitemsthatyouhavedesignatedasHeading1.

Hereiswhereyoucanchangethefontsizeandtype,centering,bolding,spacing,color,etc.

5. Remembertoalsochangethespacingaftertheheading.a. Thedefaultsettingmayhavetoomuchextraspace.Selecttheformat

buttonlocatedonthelowerlefthandcornerintheModifyStyleboxforHeading1.

b.SelectParagraphfromthedropmenuthatappears.c.TheParagraphwindowappears.d.IntheSpacingsection,setBeforeto0andAftertothefontsizeoftheheading(e.g.,12ptor11pt).Forallotherheadings,Beforeandaftershouldbethefontsize(e.g.,bothsectionswouldhave12pt).e.Linespacingshouldbesetatdouble.f.ClickOKoutofallwindows.

UpdatedbyGCSSTSpring2020

5

6. TheHeading1stylecannowbeappliedtoallmajorheadingsinthedocument.

Inordertomakethesemodifications:a. Placethecursoratthebeginningoftheheading(youcanalsohighlightit)

thenclickonHeading1intheStylesbox.

b. YourheadingshouldtakeonthecharacteristicsthatyoucreatedintheModifyStylesbox.

c. MakesureHeading1isappliedtoallmajorheadingsinyourdocument.Note:Ifyoumakeanychangestothemajorheadingsstyle,itisimportantthatthesechangesarenotmadeusingthefunctionsonthemainHometabtoolbar.Rather,followtheseinstructionsandmakeanychangesthroughtheModifyStylebox.AnychangesthataremadeusingthemainHometabtoolbarcanresultinthecreationofextrastyles,resultinginyourmajorheadingsnotbeingconsistentwithoneanother.

UpdatedbyGCSSTSpring2020

6

Section3:FormattingSubheadings

StepstoModifytheSubheadingStyles:EachlevelofsubheadingwillbeformattedwithadifferentHeadingstyleintheStylessection.YouwillhavealreadyusedHeading1forthemajorheadings.Thus,yourprimary(first-levelsubheadings)willuseHeading2,secondary(second-level)subheadingswilluseHeading3,andsoforth.Yourstyleguidewilldictateyoursubheadingstyles.Ifyourdepartmentordisciplinedoesnothaveadedicatedstyleguide,itwillbereachbyconsensusbetweenyouandyouradvisorycommittee.Tomodifyyourfirstsubheadinglevel(primaryorfirstlevelsubheading):

1. ClickthearrowlocatedatthebottomrightoftheStylesbox.ThiswillbringuptheStylesboxdropmenu.

2. Moveyourmouseto“Heading2.”TheParagraphsymbolwillchangetoanarrow.Clickonthearrow.Anotherboxwillpopup.ClickonModify.TheModifyStyleboxwillpopup.

3. YouwillmakechangestoHeading2herethesamewayyoumodifiedHeading1.4. Onceyouhavemadeallofthenecessarychanges,clickOKoutofallwindows.5. TheHeading2stylecannowbeappliedtoallmajorheadingsinthedocument.

FollowtheinstructionsforHeading1inordertomakethesemodifications.6. MakesureHeading2isappliedtoallprimary(first-level)headingsinyour

document.7. RepeattheprocesstocreateeachadditionalsubheadinglevelusingHeading3,

Heading4,andsoon.Remember:Ifyoumakeanychangestoasubheadinglevelstyle,itisimportantthatthesechangesarenotmadeusingthefunctionsonthemainHometabtoolbar.Rather,followtheseinstructionsandmakeanychangesthroughtheModifyStylebox.

UpdatedbyGCSSTSpring2020

7

Section4:ClearlyMistakesRelatedtoStyleFormattingYoumightaccidentlyattributeastyletoaparticularsectioninyourdocument.Forexample,aheadingstylemightaccidentlybeappliedtothebodytextwhichshouldbeintheNormalstyle.Ifthishappens,youcancleartheformattinginordertoremovethestyleyouincorrectlyapplied.

1. Highlighttheportionofyourdocumentthatneedstobecleared.Atthetopof

theStylesbox,thereshouldbea“ClearAll”option.2. Clickthisoption.

3. Theproperstyleneededcannowbeapplied.Remember:DonottrymanuallychangingthesectionusingthemainWordtoolbar.Thiswillresultinthecreationofadditionalstyles,whichcouldmaketheformatsforyoumajorheading,subheadings,andparagraphstyleinconsistent.