Health and Social Care GCSE

Making the Grade

January 2016

Key Concepts of Personal Development in Unit 2

• P.I.E.S.

• Life Stages.

• Factors.

• Self Concept.

• Different types of relationship.

P.I.E.S

Physical needs Intellectual needs

Emotional needs Social needs

Key terms: Know them, understand them, use them in your answers

Teaching on this key content ‘Life Stages’ is complete.

Some review and revision taking place at the moment.

• Life stages

Five main life stages:

1. Infancy (0-3)

2. Childhood (4-10)

3. Adolescence ( 11-18)

4. Adulthood (19-65)

5. Later adulthood (65+)

This is the upcoming key content:

• Factors:

• Physical factors in development, including:-Genetic inheritance and diet, physical exercise and illness

• Economic/environmental factors, including: Income and housing conditions, pollution and access to health services

• Social and emotional factors, including: Family, friendships and education, employment and ethnicity, life experiences and gender.

Thinking: How do these affect our P.I.E.S. personal development?

Before Easter we will also cover:

• Self-concept ,including, age and gender, appearance, culture and emotional development, education, sexual orientation and life experiences.

• Different types of relationships including: family and friends, personal and working relationships.

Thinking: How do these affect our P.I.E.S. personal development?

P.I.E.S

Physical needs Intellectual needs

Emotional needs Social needs

Key terms: Know them, understand them, use them in your answers.

Exam Question Command Words Make sure you have read and understood the question correctly.

Read it once, read it twice then highlight the command word.

• Identify: Pick out some detail (this can be one word or short phrases).

• Describe: Give the main points about a topic. • Explain: Describe an action or event and make a link to the

impact it would have. (use P.I.E.S. as a way to work through actions/impacts)

• Analyse: detailed description and explanation of personal development aspect in the question. Links made between aspects. Try to make 1 P.E.E for every 2 marks.

• Evaluate: Balanced description and explanation of both positive and negative impacts. Use PIES as a way to work through impacts and consider all factors including self-concept. Try to make 1 P.E.E for every 2 marks

Jack,3, was born with Down’s Syndrome. Amanda, his mother, has given up work so that she can spend more time with Jack. She is not

able to socialise as much with her friends because of her reduced income. Her diet is poor

and she has recently put on a lot of weight.

• Identify: Pick out some detail (this can be one word or short

phrases)

• Identify two factors of Amanda’s development.

• There are several factors: having a son with Downs Syndrome, giving up work, loss of contact with friends, poor diet, weight increase.

• Explain: Describe an action or event and link to the impact it would have.

• E.g.

• Having a reduced income has meant she has had to buy cheaper foods and so she has put on weight.

• The loss of contact with her friends sometimes leaves her isolated from adult company.

Jack,3, was born with Down’s Syndrome. Amanda, his mother, has given up work so that she can spend more time with Jack. She is not able to socialise as much with her friends because of her reduced income. Her diet is

poor and she has recently put on a lot of weight.

Katie,13, is going through puberty. Analyse the impact of puberty on her physical

and emotional development. (8 marks)

• Analyse: detailed description and explanation of personal development aspect in the question. Links between the aspects. Try to make 1 P.E.E for every 2 marks.

In this question:

e.g.

Physical development Emotional development

Growth spurt. Anxious.

Breasts. Self esteem high/low

Menstruation/periods. Mood swings.

Hips widen. Angry.

Spots. Stressed.

Reproductive organs increase in size.

insecurity

Pubic hair/hair under arms

Attraction to opposite sex.

Hormone changes excited./embarrassed/confused/upset

Katie has developed breasts and her hips have widened. This has made her anxious about her appearance. It is affecting her confidence as she is confused.

Charlie has lost his job and is now unemployed. Evaluate the possible impact of this on Charlie’s

development.

• Evaluate: Balanced description and explanation of both positive and negative impacts. Use PIES as a way to work through impacts and consider all factors including self-concept. In this question:

Physical Emotional

Lack of energy due to lack of focus

Low confidence

Sleep more-more refreshed

Self esteem high/low to qualify

Increase exercise-stamina/strength

Feel a failure/dejected/frustration/ anger

Increase/decrease in weight

Anxious/contented

Less pressure/less stress

Social Intellectual

Limited social contacts

Lack of stimulation

More time for family

More leisure activity time

Become isolated Write letters of application

Poor role model Prepare for interviews

Better family relationships

An exemplar answer for the exam question on the preceding slide

• Charlie will get more sleep if he is unemployed. This will mean less stress and less pressure and create better family relationships. This will result in giving him better self esteem.

• Charlie will become isolated and lack stimulation. He may not be a good role model for his family. This will result in poor self esteem and make it hard for him to write letters of application and to prepare for interviews

‘Helpful Hints’ from OCR

Candidates need to

• Practise examination questions

• Know the requirements of the command words

• Develop a range of vocabulary

• Re-read your answers

• Write concisely, clearly and only in allocated space or additional space.

P.I.E.S

Physical needs Intellectual needs

Emotional needs Social needs

Key terms: Know them, understand them, use them in your answers.

A useful link for practice questions.

• http://www.channel4learning.com/sites/gcsease/health_social/3_8.html