health education about tobaco abuse

8/14/2019 Health Education About Tobaco Abuse

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PharmacologicalAspect of

Tobacco Tobacco has many ingredients

There are two Natural Alkaloids which are important

1 Nicotine

2 LobelineNicotine is obtained from leaves of Tobacco Nicotiana

tobacum. It was first isolated by Pesselt andReiman in 1828 AD.

Lobeline was isolated From lobelia inflata ( IndianTobacco) by wieland in 1915.

Lobeline has many of the same action as Nicotine butless potent.


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Pharmacological Actions

Nicotine is of considerable Medical SignificanceBecause of its Toxicity and Dependence

It is a Colorless, Volatile base, which turnsBrown & acquires the odor of Tobacco on

exposure air. It stimulates CNS, produces tremors and

convulsions. Stimulation of CNS is followed bydepression and death due to central paralysis.

Stimulates sympathetic ganglia, adrenalmedulla, so the heart rate and the bloodpressure is increased due to the discharge ofcatacholamines.


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Pharmacological Actions

In GIT the stimulation is parasympathetic

combined with sympathetic discharge,

produces nausea, vomiting and diarrhea

Salivary and bronchial secretions are

increased due to irritant smoke.


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Most influential dependence producing drug

High failure rate amongst smoker who try to quit smoking

80% smokers express a desire to quit

35% try to stop each year

5% are successful in unaided attempts to quit

Cigarette addiction is influenced by multiple variables

Nicotine produces reinforcement

It produces central nervous system effects in less thanseven seconds

Nicotine has both stimulant and depressant effects

Smoker feels alert and some muscle relaxation


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Blood levels could disrupt the sleep and

the person can wake up during the

midnight

Depressed mode is associated with

nicotine dependence but reason is not

known


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Treatment of the withdrawal

Nicotine replacement

Clonidine

Fluoxetine


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Withdrawal Symptoms

Irritability

Impatience

Hostility

Anxiety Dysphoric and depressed mood

Difficult in concentration

Restlessness Decreased heart rate

Increased appetite or weight gain

health education about tobaco abuse

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