health occupations tissues. cells of the same type form together for a common purpose 60 – 99%...
TRANSCRIPT
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Health Occupations
Tissues
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Tissues
Cells of the same type form together for a common purpose
60 – 99% water with various dissolved substances
Dehydration – not enough tissue fluid Edema – too much tissue fluid
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Types of tissue
Epithelial tissue– Covers body surface– Mainly skin– Lines respiratory, intestinal, circulatory, &
urinary tract– Also in glands to produce secretions
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Types of tissue
Connective Tissue – Support organs & other body parts
• Soft – adipose or fatty tissue– Stores fat– Insulates body– Acts as padding– Fibrous – ligaments, tendons
» Holds body structures together
• Hard – cartilage & bone– Cartilage –
» Tough elastic material found between bones of spine & ends of long bones
» Acts as shock absorber & allows flexibility» Nose, ears, larynx – provides shape & form
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Types of tissue Hard connective tissue
– Bone • Has calcium salts, nerves, blood vessels• Called osseous tissue• Helps to form body’s rigid structure
Liquid connective tissue – vascular– Blood
• Carries nutrients & oxygen to cells• Carries wastes & carbon dioxide away
– Lymph• Transports tissue fluid, protein, fat, & other materials from
tissues to the circulatory system
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Types of tissue Nerve tissue
– Made up of neurons– Controls & coordinates body activities by transmitting
messages through body– Nerves, brain, spinal cord
Muscle tissue– Produces power & movement by contracting muscle fibers– Types
• Skeletal – attaches to bones, allows body movement• Cardiac – causes heart to beat• Visceral – present in walls of respiratory, digestive, urinary tracts &
blood vessels
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Systems of the body
Organs – 2 or more tissues joined together to perform a specific function
System – organs & body parts joined together to perform a specific function
Cells combine = tissue Tissues combine = organs Organs & parts combine = system
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Systems of the body
Integumentary– Protects body from injury, infection,
dehydration– Regulates body temp– Eliminates wastes– Produces Vitamin D– Organs – skin, sweat/oil glands, nails, hair
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Body Systems
Skeletal– Creates body framework– Protects internal organs– Produces blood cells – Acts as lever for muscles– Organs – bones, cartilage
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Body Systems
Muscular– Produces movement– Protects internal organs– Produces body heat– Maintains posture– Organs –
• Skeletal muscle • Smooth muscle• cardiac muscle
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Body Systems
Nervous – Coordinates activities– Controls body activities– Organs –
• Nerves• Brain• Spinal cord
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Body Systems
Special Senses– Allow body to react to environment– Provides sight, hearing, taste, smell, & balance– Organs –
• Eye• Ear• Nose• Tongue• Sense receptors
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Body Systems
Circulatory– Carries oxygen & nutrients to body cells– Carries waste & carbon dioxide away from body
cells– Produces cells to fight infection– Organs –
• Heart• Blood vessels• Blood• spleen
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Body Systems
Lymphatic– Carries some tissue fluid & wastes to blood– Assists with fighting infection– Organs –
• Lymph nodes• Lymph vessels• Spleen• Thymus• Tonsils
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Body Systems
Respiratory– Breathes in oxygen– Breathes out carbon dioxide– Organs –
• Nose • Pharynx• Larynx• Trachea• Bronchi• Lungs
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Body Systems Digestive
– Digests food physically & chemically– Transports food– Absorbs nutrients– Eliminates waste– Organs
• Mouth• Salivary glands• Pharynx• Esophagus• Stomach• Intestine• Liver• Gall bladder• pancreas
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Body Systems
Urinary– Filters blood– Maintains fluid balance– Maintains electrolyte balance– Produces & eliminates urine– Organs
• Kidneys• Ureters• Bladder• Urethra
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Body Systems Endocrine
– Produces hormones– Secretes hormones– Regulates body processes– Organs
• Pituitary• Thyroid• Parathyroid• Adrenal• Thymus• Pancreas• Ovaries• Testes
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Body Systems
Reproductive– Provides for reproduction– Organs
• Male– Testes, epidiymis– Vas deferens, urethra– Ejaculatory duct,– Seminal vesicles,– Prostate gland, penis
• Female– Ovaries, fallopian tubes– Uterus, vagina, breasts
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Body Planes
Imaginary lines drawn through the body at various points to separate body into sections
Types
Transverse or axial
Midsaggital or median
Frontal or coronal
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Transverse plane
Horizontal, divides body in top half & bottom half– Superior – body parts above other parts– Inferior – body parts below other parts– Cranial – towards head– Caudal – body parts near sacral region or
tail
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Midsaggital or Median plane
Vertical, divides body into right & left– Medial – near midline– Lateral – away from midline– Proximal – close to midline– Distal – away from midline
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Frontal or coronal plane
Divides body into front & back– Ventral – front side or stomach side– Dorsal – back side – Anterior – front side or stomach side– Posterior – back side
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Cavities of the body
Cranial– Brain
Spinal– Spinal column
Thoracic – Esophagus, trachea,– Bronchi, lungs, heart– Large blood vessels
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Cavities of the body
Abdominal– Stomach, liver,– Small intestine– Most of large intestine– Appendix, gall bladder– Pancreas, spleen
Pelvic– Urinary bladder,– Reproductive organs– Last of large intestine
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Abdominal cavity So large that it is divided up into
quadrant or region
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Righthypochondriac
Epigastric
LeftHypoChondriac
Right lumbar
Umbilical
Leftlumbar
Rightiliac
Hypogastric
Leftiliac