health promotion in urban communities presented by jenny nguyen public health relations &...
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HEALTH PROMOTION IN
URBAN COMMUNITIES
Presented by Jenny Nguyen
Public Health Relations & Communities
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What is health promotion?
• Allows people to increase their wellness (WHO)
• Educates people to change behavior & environment (Erickson)
• 7 dimensions of health• Social, emotional,
spiritual, environmental, occupational, intellectual, physical
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Importance of health promotion (HPB)
Prevents disease, disability, and premature death
Increase overall health status
Increase quality of life
Reduce financial costs
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Health initiatives & awareness in the past for tuberculosis
1786: 1st recorded & mortality rates
1882: Koch discovers causes of
TB & contagiousness
1892: Flick creates organization for TB
prevention
1894: Trudeau builds lab solely for
TB research
1904: Trudeau & Flick found the American Lung
Association
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RESULTS OF TB PREVENTION & AWARENESS
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Present health promotion resources (Erikson)
Health education
Environment
Screenings
Worksite
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What are urban communities?• More than 2,500 in population• People who live in the city• Many buildings and houses close together• 1/3 of U.S. citizens live in urban areas (U.S. Census Bureau)
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Health wellness concerns in urban communities• Low income• Limited access to healthy food• High risk for obesity
• Limited access to health care• Screenings, regular
checkups• Lack of health education• Ethnic disparities
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Low income families (National Center for Children in Poverty)
• In 2000, 51% of children from in urban areas (8.9 million) live in low-income families
• Urban low-income families• 79% of children have 1 employed
parent• 53% of children’s parents are
both employed
• Parents reason for unemployment• 47% homemaker• 26% have disabilities or sick
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SNAP Program cuts (CBS News, 2013)• Nutrition-assistance program
• Increases quality of family and children health• SNAP benefits set to fall 47 million for low-income families• Since the drop $1.40 per meal
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SNAP Benefits Cuts
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Why it is important to change wellness in urban communities (WHO)• Urbanization • Urban settings are health determinant
• Infectious diseases and non-communicable diseases• Sanitation• Violence and crime
• Future medical costs
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Other health risks: HIV/AIDS
• High risk area HIV more prevalent• Easy transmission of disease
• How it can be prevented• Primary, secondary, & tertiary prevention
• Free health-clinics: https://www.aids.gov/hiv-aids-basics/prevention/hiv-testing/hiv-test-locations/
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high poverty %
high HIV/AIDS
rates
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URBAN AREAS
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Current Urban Health Promotion Programs & Organizations• Urban Youth Empowerment Program
• Housing assistance, legal advice, tax services
• World Vision• Domestic programs, school donations, disaster-relief and recovery programs
• The Neighborhood Center (Camden)• Academic, athletic, and arts program for children
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REFERENCES World Health Organization: http://www.who.int/topics/health_promotion/en/
University of California Riverside: https://wellness.ucr.edu/seven_dimensions.html
Erickson, John: https://www.prevent.org/data/files/initiatives/johnerickson.pdf
Health Promotion Behavior: https://www.publichealth.uga.edu/hpb/what-health-promotion-behavior
American Experience – The Forgotten Plague: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/timeline/plague-timeline/
University of Nebraska-Lincoln: http://wellness.unl.edu/wellness-model
History of Public Health: http://wwwapp1.bumc.bu.edu/lphi/publichealthtraining/onlinecourses/publichealthhistory/mobile_pages/PublicHealthHistory6.html
Urban Communities: http://citadel.sjfc.edu/students/rnr00577/e-port/msti260/urban.htm
National Center for Children Poverty: http://www.nccp.org/publications/pub_637.html
Huffington Post: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/kevin-hartnett/cost-of-kids_b_1457556.html
State of Obesity: http://stateofobesity.org/disparities/blacks/
CBS News: http://www.cbsnews.com/news/millions-on-food-stamps-facing-benefits-cuts/
CDC: http://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/newsroom/HIVFactSheets/Epidemic/Factors.htm
News Republic: http://www.newrepublic.com/article/118395/who-does-hiv-affect-new-maps-break-down-epidemic