heart activity and ecg
TRANSCRIPT
Heart Activity and ECG Francesco Bonadiman
18 December 2014
[diabetesmine.com]
Cardiovascular System?
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Cardiovascular System?
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Cardiovascular System
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Cardiovascular System
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Heart = pump
Cardiovascular System
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Heart = pump
Vasculature = distributes the blood to all
tissues
Cardiovascular System
3/29 [interactive-biology.com]
Heart = pump
Vasculature = distributes the blood to all
tissues
Blood
Transport in the Cardiovascular System
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Transport in the Cardiovascular System
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Transport in the Cardiovascular System
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Transport in the Cardiovascular System
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Transport in the Cardiovascular System
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Double circuit
[biology-forums.com]
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Double circuit
[biology-forums.com]
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Double circuit
[biology-forums.com]
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A closer look
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A closer look
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A closer look
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A closer look
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A closer look
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A closer look
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A closer look
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A closer look
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A closer look
Check this link!
Blood vessels
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Blood vessels
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0² + nutrients into tissues metabolic wastes from body
Blood vessels
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0² + nutrients into tissues metabolic wastes from body
100.000 km of vessels
Location
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Location
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ahead of esophagus middle of the lungs
Location
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ahead of esophagus middle of the lungs
base up behind the sternum apex down near the diaphragm
Pericardium
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Pericardium
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double-layered sac covering the heart
Pericardium
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double-layered sac covering the heart
outer: protects + anchors the heart
Pericardium
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double-layered sac covering the heart
outer: protects + anchors the heart
inner (epicardium): thin membrane attached to wall
Pericardium
9/29 [Dr. S. Venkatesan]
double-layered sac covering the heart
outer: protects + anchors the heart
inner (epicardium): thin membrane attached to wall
lubricating fluid reduces friction
Pericardium
9/29 [Dr. S. Venkatesan]
double-layered sac covering the heart
outer: protects + anchors the heart
inner (epicardium): thin membrane attached to wall
Coronary arteries/veins → vessels bringing blood to
myocardium
lubricating fluid reduces friction
Pericardium
9/29 [Dr. S. Venkatesan]
double-layered sac covering the heart
outer: protects + anchors the heart
inner (epicardium): thin membrane attached to wall
Coronary arteries/veins → vessels bringing blood to
myocardium
lubricating fluid reduces friction
[yourprops.com]
Open Heart
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The Heart
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The Heart 4 chambers 2 atria
2 ventricles
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The Heart 4 chambers 2 atria
2 ventricles
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The Heart 4 chambers 2 atria
2 ventricles
right and left do not communicate
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The Heart 4 chambers 2 atria
2 ventricles
right and left do not communicate
12/29 [tokresource.org]
12/29 [tokresource.org]
intercalated discs on the myocardium
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intercalated discs on the myocardium
synchronized contraction
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intercalated discs on the myocardium
synchronized contraction
4 valves: 2 AV 2 SL
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intercalated discs on the myocardium
synchronized contraction
4 valves: 2 AV 2 SL
12/29 [tokresource.org]
intercalated discs on the myocardium
synchronized contraction
4 valves: 2 AV 2 SL
chordae tendineae + papillary muscles
12/29 [tokresource.org]
intercalated discs on the myocardium
synchronized contraction
4 valves: 2 AV 2 SL
chordae tendineae + papillary muscles
13/29 [Pearson Education]
The cardiac valve
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The cardiac valve
Ventricles relax → Valves open → Blood drains
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The cardiac valve
Ventricles relax → Valves open → Blood drains
Ventricles contract → Valves close → Blood blocked
13/29 [Pearson Education]
Check this link!
The cardiac valve
Ventricles relax → Valves open → Blood drains
Ventricles contract → Valves close → Blood blocked
14/29 [Pearson Education]
14/29 [Pearson Education]
Depolarization which contracts the myocardium
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Depolarization which contracts the myocardium
Pacemaker 60-70 bpm
14/29 [Pearson Education]
Depolarization which contracts the myocardium
Pacemaker 60-70 bpm
ECG - ElectroCardioGraphy
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ECG - ElectroCardioGraphy
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reflects the electrical activity
ECG - ElectroCardioGraphy
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electrical impulses → translated into waves
reflects the electrical activity
ECG - ElectroCardioGraphy
15/29 [Wikimedia]
electrical impulses → translated into waves
reflects the electrical activity
events between 2 beats =
cardiac cycle
ECG - ElectroCardioGraphy
15/29 [Wikimedia]
electrical impulses → translated into waves
reflects the electrical activity
events between 2 beats =
cardiac cycle
Different steps
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Cardiovascular System
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Cardiovascular System
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Diastole: heart does not pump, ventricles relax + fill with blood
Cardiovascular System
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Systole: heart pumps, ventricles contract
Diastole: heart does not pump, ventricles relax + fill with blood
Cardiovascular System
17/29 [Vander]
Systole: heart pumps, ventricles contract
Diastole: heart does not pump, ventricles relax + fill with blood
Video
Example of ECG
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Einthoven’s Triangle
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Einthoven’s Triangle
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3 electrodes: right arm left arm left leg
Einthoven’s Triangle
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3 electrodes: right arm left arm left leg
3 bipolar leads connecting them
ECG Sensors
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ECG Sensors
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modern ECG: up to 12
[emtresource.com]
ECG Sensors
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modern ECG: up to 12
[emtresource.com]
[cooking-hacks.com]
Emotions
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recognition through
physiological signals
Emotions
21/29 [nature.com]
recognition through
physiological signals
relations ECG + emotional states
Emotions
21/29 [nature.com]
intensity of the emotion (reaction
to stimuli)
recognition through
physiological signals
relations ECG + emotional states
Emotions
21/29 [nature.com]
intensity of the emotion (reaction
to stimuli)
recognition through
physiological signals
emotion positive or negative (polarity) and degree
relations ECG + emotional states
Parameters
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ECG signal clamp electrodes extract R wave
Parameters
22/29 [bodyrecomposition.com]
ECG signal clamp electrodes extract R wave
compute statistical values (mean, median, deviation)
Parameters
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HR (heart rate) both part of ANS ECG signal
clamp electrodes extract R wave
compute statistical values (mean, median, deviation)
Parameters
22/29 [bodyrecomposition.com]
HR (heart rate) both part of ANS ECG signal
clamp electrodes extract R wave
compute statistical values (mean, median, deviation)
HRV - IBI heart rate variability
Studies
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images/clips 10 seconds
color or b&w
Studies
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images/clips 10 seconds
color or b&w
different levels of arousal and valence
Studies
23/29 [geocities.co]
images/clips 10 seconds
color or b&w
different levels of arousal and valence
COLOR = greater arousal positive rating
Positive / Negative
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Positive / Negative
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heart decelerates faster with
negative stimuli
Positive / Negative
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heart decelerates faster with
negative stimuli
heart recovers more quickly from positive emotions
Heart rate changes
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Anger, fear, joy, pleasure heart rate increases
Heart rate changes
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Anger, fear, joy, pleasure heart rate increases Sadness, disgust
heart rate decreases
Heart rate changes
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Anger, fear, joy, pleasure heart rate increases Sadness, disgust
heart rate decreases
frustration incoherent spectrum
Applications
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Applications
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Applications
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Applications
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References (1/2) ▪ Cacioppo J.T. et al., Handbook of Psychophysiology.
Cambridge Univ Press, 2007 (182-210)
▪ Vander et al., Human Physiology: The Mechanism of Body Function. McGraw−Hill, 2001 (382-405)
▪ Slideshare - Circulatory System by CardiacInfo
▪ Slideshare - The Cardiovascular System by Rob Swatski
▪ Slides from Professor Yuri Bozzi, University of Trento, Department of Cibio
▪ Wikipedia, The free Encyclopedia
▪ Monajati M. et al., Emotions States Recognition Based on Physiological Parameters by Employing of Fuzzy-Adaptive Resonance Theory, Scientific Research Open Access, 2012
▪ Rigas G., A user independent, biosignal based, Emotion Recognition Method, 11th International Conference, 2007
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References (2/2) ▪ 16th International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence, Advances
in Artificial Reality and Tele-Existence, ICAT, 2006
▪ Wagner J. et al., From Physiological Signals to Emotions: Implementing and Comparing Selected Methods for Feature Extraction and Classification, ICME, 2005
▪ Kim K. H. et al., Emotion recognition system using short-term monitoring of physiological signals, Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing, 2004
▪ Valenza G. et al., Revealing Real-Time Emotional Responses: a Personalized Assessment based on Heartbeat Dynamics, Nature.com Scientific Reports, 2014
▪ Detenber B. H. et al., The Emotional Significance of Color in Television Presentations, Media Psychology, 2000
▪ Anttonen J. et al., Emotions and Heart Rate while Sitting on a Chair, CHI, 2005
▪ Nasoz F. et al., Emotion Recognition from Physiological Signals for User Modeling of Affect, Springer, 2003
▪ Rani P., Psychophysiology-based affective communication for implicit human-robot interaction, ACM, 2005
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