heat input values for any particular material

8/13/2019 Heat Input Values for Any Particular Material

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Heat input values for any particular material

Kong Chuan T. Oil & Energy ProfessionalWe have formula to calculate the heat input during the welding of a material. Is there any such referencethat any material has an allowable range of heat input values during welding of the particular material so

that its mechanical properties are not jeopardized. Like Comment (11) Share 9 months ago

Commentsvenkataramana N. likes this11 comments Jump to most recent comment

JamesJames K.Independent Mining & Metals Professional

Various specialty nickel alloys and duplex stainless steels have heat input ranges suggested by the producer. Fornickel alloys low heat is desirable. For superduplex it should be neither too low nor too high. I suggest you lookat producer's data for the alloy in question.I personally am unfamiliar with preferred heat input for welding carbon or low-alloy steels.

Gordon

Gordon S.Welding & Metallurgical Engineer

Impossible to answer. A welding engineer would (or should) be able to assist you.

Steve

Steve P.Snr. Consultant Welding & Metallurgy at PIKA Solutions

For carbon and low alloy steels the adequate limits on heat input range are not unique values. The adequate heatinput ranges will depend on a number of other parameters such as the specific chemistry of the parent metalsand weld consumables, the preheat/ interpass temperatures, the joint configuration/ position, the connectiongeometry and dimensions, the cleanliness of the joint, the joint restraint, the welding process, the characteristicsof adding the weld consumable into the weld pool, the required properties and service conditions, etc. Forspecific situations all of these factors can be evaluated and estimates of adequate heat input can be made. It isalso quite common to design a weld to use a sequence of different heat inputs. For example temper beadwelding often uses a low heat input butter layer that is subsequently covered using higher heat input weld

beads.

In some situation the heat input limits are set to obtain adequate dilution and solidification characteristics. Inother situations the heat input limits are set to avoid hydrogen cracking. In other situations the heat input range
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is limited to avoid reheat cracking or special types of in-service cracking such as Type IV creep cracking.

There are however numerous books, codes, standards and technical papers, computer codes that address heatinput limit estimations but the approaches used are situation specific.

So unless you can be far more specific regarding your situation I think Gordon's response is an excellent answer.

HughHugh M.Director at Generic education & training services ltd

I agree with all that Steve, Gordon, and James have mentioned and would like to add another variable, which isthe temperature under initial welding is undertaken as ambient temperature will also have an effect on theresultant structure. Regional differences can impact on the structure i.e. hot or cold, and pre-heat and inter-pass

temperatures will need to take this into account.

VedranVedran M.quality manager at Machiper-Oprema d.o.o.

As James says: " I suggest you look at producer's data for the alloy in question."Here (and on many other places) you can find more about heatinput :http://www.jflf.org/pdfs/papers/keyconcepts2.pdf , but keep in mind that producers data have greatest

value.

Kong ChuanKong Chuan T.Oil & Energy Professional

can anyone help me answer the following questions?1. What should be the allowable heat input for welding API 5L X-80 to itself?2. What should be the allowable heat input for welding API 5L x-80 to AISI 4130 ?Thank you very much.

Jean-PierreJean-Pierre A.RESOLCOR CONSULTING Ltd

I fully agree with James, Steve and Hugh.Let just me add that when considering duplex SS, the Heat Input is selected in order to avoid the precipitation ofsigma phase which is deleterious for corrosion resistance and impact properties.
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Joseph

Joseph K.Principle Welding/Metallurgical Engineer at ConocoPhillips

As you can tell from the previous comments there is no magic formula for calculating energy (heat input) limitsfor material. You wont find limits provided by the manufacturer either unless the material manufacturer has

performed preproduction qualification to prove a range of safe heat inputs. This is an approach used by API RP2Z for structural steel.

Duplex stainless steels have their own HI and temperature limits as stated by others in addition to other processlimitations. There is a computer model available from EWI that will predict the percent ferrite and whetherintermetallics will form from welding procedure data.

Welding processes also have different arc efficiencies, an effect that is usually ignored. That is, the actualenergy that goes into a weld compared to the calculated energy for GTAW is much less than for SAW. It may

be necessary to use high heat input to keep HAZ hardness low. On the other hand it may be necessary to use lowheat input to minimize grain size for improved weld metal fracture toughness. Another thing to watch out for ison weldments that require PWHT the original material properties can be altered in spite of acceptable weldingenergy if the PWHT temperature is too high (e.g., above the base metal tempering temperature).

GordonGordon S.Welding & Metallurgical Engineer

There is a formula, it is not magic, and it is taught to welding engineers (but not necessarily to NDE techs or QCmanagers). Again I suggest the original poster contact one for help in doing the math.


You should take a correct EN ISO 15614 series and fallow 5 steps:

1) determine the range of weld joints to be qualified (THICKNESS, CONFIGURATION, POSITION... not justmaterial!!!)

2) prepare a preliminary welding procedure specification (pWPS) according to EN ISO 15609 using aPREVIOUS EXPERIENCE (Yours famous almighty table for all materials, thickness, positions...) and generalknowledge of welding technology

3) carry out a welding procedure test to prove a feasibility of the procedure described in the pWPS. Tests aredescribed in appropriate EN ISO 15614.

4) prepare a welding procedure qualification record (WPQR) with actual welding parameters and test results
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5) Use the WPQR data to prepare WPS within the ranges of qualification given in EN ISO 15614.

This is reason why welding engineers exist and why welding cost are so high (if you need good and reliablewelding joints).


Here http://www.europipe.com/files/x80_line_pipe_for_large_diameter_high_strength_pipeline.pdf

you can find maximum about your material and some welding tips.
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heat input values for any particular material

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