T direct

Institute of Building Technology and Energy IGECenter for Integrated Building Technology Diego Hangartner Research Associate

+41 41 349 39 78 diego.hangartner@hslu.ch

Aalborg 12.11.2018

Heat Pumps in District Heating and

Cooling Systems – Case studies

4th District Heating and Cooling Conference in Aalborg

Denmark

Slide

Why district heating?

2, 14.12.2018 Source picture: Photo LaPresse

Localsource

End user

RenewableEnergy

Economicallyprofitable

CO2-emissions

Slide

Situation in Europe

3, 14.12.2018

Source: www.euroheat.org/news/district-energy-in-the-news/top-district-heating-countries-euroheat-power-2015-survey-analysis/

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Percentage of citizens served by district heating

Slide

District Heating Systems – Potential in Switzerland

4, 14.12.2018

Sourc

e:

Sre

sT.

et

al.,

Weis

sbuch

Fern

wärm

e, eic

her

und

pauli, M

ärz

2014

85

2010 2050

Potential of thermal networks in Switzerland until 2050

ground water, lake, river

Retrofit

45

17

0

38%

100%

TWh/a

Heat Source TheoreticalPotential[TWh/a]

EconomicalPotential[TWh/a]

Waste Incineration 5.7 3.6

Waste heat industry 3.6 Not assigned

Groundwater 12.2 1.9

Wastewater plant 7.7 1.9

Lakes 97.0 5.1

Rivers 21.3 1.8

Wood 20.5 1.7

Geothermal 70.0 1.3

Total 238.0 17.3

Slide

Heat pumps – Applications in DHC Systems

5, 14.12.2018

DECENTRALAmbiant heatGround water

Source NutzerDistribution, generation

10°C

7°C

10°C

7°C

70°C

50°C

CENTRAL/DECENTRAL

Ambiant heatGround water

Source Nutzer

11°C

8°C

70°C

50°C

35°C

28°C

35 °C

28°C

Distribution, generation

CENTRALAmbiant heatGround water

Source Nutzer

11°C

8°C

70°C

50°C

70°C

50°C

Distribution, generation

POSITION:

CENTRAL/DECENTRAL

Ambiant heatLake water

Source Nutzer

4°C

2°C

70°C

50°C

8°C

4°C

8 °C

4°C

Distribution, generation

Slide

Case project – Rheinfelden-Mitte (Brewery Feldschlösschen)

6, 14.12.2018

- AEW Energie AG / Wärmeverbund Rheinfelden Mitte AG

- Residential, offices, restaurants, commercial buildings of Rheinfelden.

- 9.7 GWh/a (Heating + DHW)

- 5.9 MW power installed

- Ammonia HP 2 x 1 MW / COP=3.4

- Source: industrial waste heat

- TNetwork: 70/80 °C and 50 °C.

- Investments: 20.5 Mio. CHF

Slide

Case Project – Bulle, «Jardins de la Pâla»

- EKZ Contracting SA

- 65’000 m2 Residential + Commercial

- 3’100 MWh/a (Heating + DHW)

- 650 MWh/a Cooling demand

- 2 MW power installed (in total)

- Two-stage HP per house / COP=4.1

- Source: Ground water

- TNetwork: between 4 °C and 17 °C.

- Investments: 6 Mio. CHF

7, 14.12.2018

Slide

Programm «Thermal Networks» - Classification of networks

8, 14.12.2018

Thermal networks

Quelle:

Ködel et

al.,

Gru

ndla

gen u

nd E

rläute

rungen z

u t

herm

ischen N

etz

en,

EnFK,

SCCER,

März

2018

0°C20°C30°C60°CFreezing pointH2O

LimitDirect cooling

LimitDirect heating

LimitDHW-preparation

60°C

30°C

20°C

0°C

Network temperature (warm pipe)

Valu

e o

fheat

High temperature Low temperature

Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4

Heating Pre-Heating Cooling

5th Generation?

Slide

Heat pumps

9, 14/12/2018

Slide

Power range of heat pumps sold in Switzerland in kW

10, 14/12/2018

82% < 20 kW97% < 50 kW

Source: https://www.fws.ch/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/FWS_Statistiken_2017_V2.pdf

kW

Num

ber

of

units

sold

Slide

IEA Annex 47 – Heat Pumps in DHC Systems

- Participating Countries:- Denmark (Lead, Svend Vinther Pedersen)- Sweden- Austria- Switzerland- Great Britain

- Task 1. Market potential

- Task 2. Description of existing systems

- Task 3. Concepts/solutions

- Task 4. Implementation barriers

- Task 5. Dissemination

11, 14.12.2018

Source: http://heatpumpingtechnologies.org/annex47/

Slide

Supply and return temperatures of DH – Case Austria

Source: Büchele R., „Bewertung des Potenzials für den Einsatz der hocheffizienten KWK und effizienter Fernwärme- und Fernkälteversorgung, Endbericht,“ Wien, 2015.

12.14.12.2018

Slide

Heat pumps – Application possibilities in thermal networks

13, 14.12.2018

Wood

Source UsersDistribution

68°C

45°C

65°C

50°C

Own network

Wood

Source UsersDistribution

68°C

45°C

65°C

50°C

Other users

Other networks

Increase thecapacity of the

Slide

District heating Tamsweg – Using return temperatures as heat source

- Increase network capacity

- Improve efficiency of burner due to better flue gas condensation

- 20 % more energy out of the same amount of wood

- 0.9 MW heat pump, COP 6

14, 14/12/2018

Source: Kronberger, B., 2015

Slide

Heat pumps in thermal networks - Summary

- Heat pumps key technology

- Efficiency improvement and CO2-reductions

- More application possibilities

- Still technical and social-economical barriers to overcome!- Availability products- «New» technology

15, 14.12.2018

Heat source Application Power range Temp. range Delta T

Ground water Central lift > 1 MW 11°C to 70°C 60 K

Ground water Decentral lift 100 kW – 1 MW 11°C to 65°C 55 K

Lake water Central low temp. lift > 1 MW 4°C to 8°C 4 K

Return DH Central or decentral 100 kW – 1 MW 50°C to 70°C 20 K

Slide

Thank you for your support and attention!

https://heatpumpingtechnologies.org/annex47/

www.energieschweiz.ch/thermische-netze

16, 14.12.2018

Annex 47

Programm«Thermal Networks»