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Heat Transfer Heat Transfer Equipment Equipment Heat Exchangers Heat Exchangers Boilers Boilers Process Fired Heaters Process Fired Heaters

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Heat Transfer Equipment Heat Exchangers Boilers Process Fired Heaters

Heat Exchangers

Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger

Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger DetailsShellside Flow In Tubeside Flow Out Shell

Tube Bundle

Shellside Flow Out Tubeside Flow In

Shell and Tube Heat ExchangerShell Outlet Channel Inlet

Channel Outlet

Shell OutletSINGLE SEGMENTAL TRANVERSE BAFFLES

Shell and Tube Heat ExchangerShell Inlet

Shell Outlet

Double Segmental Transverse Baffles

Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger

Doughnut and Disc Type Baffles

Air Cooled Heat Heat Exchanger

Hood or Plenum

Fan Ring

Fan Inlet NozzlesReturn Headers Inlet Headers

Outlet Headers Outlet Nozzles

Tube Bundle Drive Assembly

Supports

Double Pipe Heat Exchanger

Shell Cover Gasket Vent Shell Cover Shell

External Fin Pipe

Return Bend (welded)Drain Sliding Support Twin Flange Fixed Support

Shell End Piece

Plate and Frame Heat Exchanger8 5 3 2 10 6 4

9

1

7 1

Tube Bending Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger

Tube Failure Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger

Fouling in Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger

Boilers

Fired Tube Boiler

Industrial Boiler

Packaged Boiler

Steam Drum

Burners

Mud Drum

Heat Recovery Steam Generator

10

2 3 4 1 5 6 7 8 9

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Gas Turbine Dump Stack Bypass Damper Boiler Shut-Off Damper Supplemental Burner

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Superheater Boiler Section Downcomers Economizer Steam Drum

With permission from Henry Vogt Machine Company

To Exhaust Stack

Utility BoilerSteam Drum

BoilerSuperheater Mud Drum Economizer

AirAir Heater Steam Coil Air Heater To Stack Burners

AirGas Outlet

GasForced Draft Fan

Induced Draft FanWith Permission from Babcock and Wilcox

Process Fired Heaters

Different Process Heater Designs

C. Cabin Furnace with Horizontal Tube Coil

A. Box Furnace with Arbor Coil B. Vertical Cylindrical Furnace with Helical Coil

D. Box Furnace with Vertical Tube Coil

E. Vertical Cylindrical Furnace with Vertical Coil

F. Box Furnace with Horizontal Tube Coil

Convection Coil

Radiant Coil

Burners

Burners

Cabin with Convection Section

Cabin with Dividing Bridgewall

Process Fired Heater

Serrated Fins

Studs

Solid Fins

Extended Surface Area

Draft ProfileStack

0

Damper Hood Corbel Convectio n Section

Shield TubesOpen Damper

Radiant Section

Closed Damper

BurnersSecondary air registers

6

4

2

0

+2

+4

Typical fired heater is shown in cross-section

Pressure in inches of Water Relative to Atmospheric Pressure

Rro rdo rm di ri

BulkFluid Temperature Inside Fluid

Temperature

Outside Fluid

Bulk Fluid Temperature

Tube Wall Outside Fouling (Scale)

Inside Film Inside Fouling (Scale)

Outside Film

Resistance to Heat Transfer

Tubewall

Deposit Layer Film

Tube Metal Temperature

800F 785F766F Inside Tube Temperature 730F Film Temperature 700F Fluid 600F 520F Bulk Fluid Temperature

500F

Temperature Profile in Heat Transfer

18 psig 52

D-124

D-103

Offgas To Refinery Collection System To Whole Naphtha Stabilizer

41Steam No. 1 S/C

32 C-100 Atmospheric ColumnSteam No. 2 S/C

24Steam No. 3 S/C C-200 Vacuum Column No. 4 S/C

D-102 Flash Drum

To Vacuum Overheat System

17 10 6Steam

F-100 A/B Crude Atmospheric Preheat Furnaces Steam Exchangers

5 1

26 psig 12 8 6

No. 6 S/C

No. 7 S/C No. 8 S/C

Crude

F-200 A/B Vacuum Furnaces Crude Desalter Preheat Exchangers Water Injection Steam to Radiant Coils Steam

Desalter Water

5 1

2 psia

Vacuum Residuum

Crude Unit - Ras Tanura Refinery

Thanks