heating systems 101 - nyserda · 2016. 8. 8. · – price of repair exceeds value of furnace •...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
HEATING SYSTEMS 101
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 1
![Page 2: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Objective• Provide non-heating personnel with a basic
understanding of heating systems:
– Types of Heating Systems– Identification of Components and Basic Operation– When do I Replace?– Specifications for Installation– Installation– Venting– Health and Safety Concerns– Partnerships
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 2
![Page 3: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Fuels• Fossil
– #2 Fuel Oil–home heating interior tank– Kerosene–exterior tank (mobile homes)
• Gas– Natural Gas– Propane
• Solid Fuels– Wood– Pellets
• ElectricMay 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 3
![Page 4: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Types of Equipment• Oil Fired
– Power Gun Burner (Mid Efficiency)• Gas/Propane Fired
– Atmospheric-Cat I (Mid Efficiency)– Induced Draft-Cat III (Slightly Higher Efficiency)– Condensing-Cat IV (High Efficiency)
Forced AirHigh boyLow BoyOctopusCounter-flow
Hydronic (Boiler)Fin BaseboardRadiators
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 4
![Page 5: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Gas Forced Air High Boy
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 5
![Page 6: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 6
![Page 7: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 7
![Page 8: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Oil Fired Boiler
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 8
![Page 9: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Mobile Home-Counterflow
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 9
![Page 10: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 10
![Page 11: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Heating System Components• Burner• Fire box• Heat Exchanger• Distribution System
– Forced Air• Blower, Plenums-hot and cold air, Ductwork
– Boiler• Circulator Pump, Piping, Radiators or Baseboard
• Basic Controls• Safety switches
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 11
![Page 12: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Components of a Gas Fired Forced Air System
Heat Exchanger
Fire box
Burner
BlowerMay 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 12
![Page 13: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Components of a Boiler
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 13
![Page 14: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
When do I Replace?
• Non-functioning and;– Price of repair exceeds value of furnace
• Major health and safety concern– Cracked Heat Exchanger
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 14
![Page 15: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
What is a Cracked Heat Exchanger?
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 15
![Page 16: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 16
![Page 17: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 17
![Page 18: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 18
![Page 19: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Testing for a Cracked Heat Exchanger• Visual Inspection of Heat Exchanger
– From the Top• Through humidifier• Remove Plenum
– From the Bottom• Remove blower and inspect through blower compartment
• Smoke Bomb• Oil of Wintergreen
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 19
![Page 20: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Additional Heat Exchanger Inspections• Performed when the blower energizes
– Draft• Should stay consistent, before blower and after blower
energizes– O2 / CO2
• Increase in O2 (or decrease in CO2) after blower energizes indicates additional air is entering the combustion process
– Visual flame examination• Should not waver when blower energizes
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 20
![Page 21: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Visual Inspection with Light
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 21
![Page 22: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Visual Inspection with Mirror
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 22
![Page 23: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Vents and Chimneys
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 23
![Page 24: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Venting – Category I• Negative pressure, non-
condensing• Materials
– Masonry - solid fuels, oil, *gas• Outside masonry chimneys may
need to be lined to accommodate replacement gas heating appliances
– B-vent – gas• Approved for installation within
the envelope only– L-vent - oil– All fuel - solid fuel, oil, gas
• Ensure termination is per manufacturer specification
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 24
![Page 25: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Venting - Category IV
• Positive pressure, condensing
• PVC vented directly outdoors– Proper support and
pitch are essential
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 25
![Page 26: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Category IV• Positive pressure condensing
appliances, joints must be sealed• 90%+ AFUE• Appliances are designed to dispose
of flue condensate as well as condensate formed within the secondary heat exchanger through condensate drain
• Must be 4 feet from any doors or windows
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 26
![Page 27: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Category IV• PVC
– Low cost– Sealed joints– Must be provided with adequate
hanging support– Pitch – back to appliance ¼” per Ft.
• CPVC– Higher operating temperatures
than PVC• Follow manufacturer
instructions– Manufacturer specific– Sealed Joints
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 27
![Page 28: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Orphaned GAS Hot Water• When removing a heating appliance from an existing
Category I flue the hot water heater may become stranded or “orphaned” in a vent that is oversized.
• Problem-Potential Backdrafting• Solution (IF the unit IS backdrafting):
– Reline if a masonry chimney with a flexible liner or “B” vent
– Power Vent– Replace water heater
• Direct vent• Electric
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 28
![Page 29: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Chimney Liner
• Flexible Chimney Liner
• Liner diameter is based on:
• Total, simultaneous input,
• Chimney height,
• Length of vent connector(s),
• Natural draft and/or fan assisted
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 29
![Page 30: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 30
![Page 31: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 31
![Page 32: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 32
![Page 33: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 33
![Page 34: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Forced Air Distribution Systems
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 34
![Page 35: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 35
![Page 36: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Forced Air Connections
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 36
![Page 37: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 37
![Page 38: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Boiler Distribution
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 38
![Page 39: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 39
![Page 40: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
System Sizing• What is a (BTU)?
– British Thermal Unit– The amount of heat energy required to raise 1 pound of
water 1 degree Fahrenheit• Heat Load Calculations
– Volume of House– Insulation Values-Walls, Ceiling, etc…– Windows and Doors– Air infiltration– Distribution System
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 40
![Page 41: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Reading and Writing Proposals and Specifications
• Should be as complete as possible and indicate:– Installation per manufacturers instructions– All local codes will be followed– System size– Warrantee for parts and labor– Timeframe for completion
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 41
![Page 42: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Installation Guidelines• Appliance installed on solid blocks above the floor• Installed per manufacturer specifications• Venting per NFPA (National Fire Protection Association)• Distance to combustibles per NFPA• Ensure adequate combustion air• Electric (neat connection following electric code)• Fuel (In-line filter should be installed on oil)• Duct transitions should be neat and sealed• Balance of ductwork should be sealed• Complete filter carriage (with cover) on forced air• System tested for proper draft (when possible)• Combustion efficiency test (when possible)
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 42
![Page 43: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Managing Your Contractor
• What are you folks doing now?
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 43
![Page 44: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Partnerships• HEAP Emergency Repair and Replacement Program
– Only during heating season– Emergency response to “no heat”
• Weatherization Assistance Program– Efficiency is primary goal– Last resort when responding to emergency
• NYSERDA-EmPower and Home Performance– Efficiency repairs eligible– Generally does not have funds for replacement unless
coordinated
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 44
![Page 45: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Questions?
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 45
![Page 46: HEATING SYSTEMS 101 - NYSERDA · 2016. 8. 8. · – Price of repair exceeds value of furnace • Major health and safety concern – Cracked Heat Exchanger ... • Smoke Bomb •](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060813/6091f0b3762a856eee256b03/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Contacts
Andy StoneNew York State Weatherization Directors Association
May 25, 2016 NYS Weatherization Directors Association 46