Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 1

Heavy flavor collective flow measurements at RHIC

ShinIchi Esumi

Univ. of Tsukuba

In collaboration with : H. Huang, Y. Miake, S. Sakai, N. Xu, Y. Zhang

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 2

x

z

Non-central Collisions

locally thermal

Radial Collective Expansion

Analysis of Collectivity in Heavy Ion Collisions

Radial Flow

Elliptic and DirectedFlow

boost

coalescence/hydro jet suppression/geometry

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 3

PHENIX preliminary

annihilationcompton scattering

Bremsstrahlung (energy loss)prompt photon v2 = 0

v2 < 0thermal photon v2 > 0

Jet-frag. photon from the survived partonv2 > 0

direct photon as a probe of bulk matter

consistent with prompt photon production,

but we are free to speculate.

QM06

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 4

STAR preliminary

v2 scaling with mT-m + number of quark

v2

pT (GeV/c)

RQMD Au+Au 200GeVFeng Liu, QM06

No separation in freeze-outMass effect after freeze-outFeed down effect maskedLow pT part squeezed Scaling in RQMD

mass

mT sl

ope

A+A

p+p

radial flow QM06

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 5

Ne : inclusive electron yield

material amounts : 0

1.1% 1.7%

Dalitz : 0.8% X0 equivalent

0

With converterConversion in converter

W/O converter

0.8%

Non-photonic

Conversion from known material

? %

Photonic

cocktail method converter method

eID with RICH

B.G. BG subtracted

energy – momentum matching Method

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 6

Non-photonic electron spectra and RAA

nucl-ex/0611018

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 7

Non-photonic electron RAA vs pT (centrality dependence)

QM06

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 8

π v2 nucl-ex/0608033

Estimation of photonic electron v2sim

ulationsubtraction

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 9

v2incl. =

Nnon-ph. v2non-ph. + Nphot. v2

phot.

Nnon-ph. + Nphot.

Non-photonic electron v2

QM06

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 10

centrality dependence of non-photonic electron v2 compared with hadrons PH

ENIX R

UN

2 PH

ENIX R

UN

4

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 11

hint #0 of charm quark collectivity

STARnucl-ex/0611018

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 12

u/d/(s) quarks v2

c quark v2

quark pT (GeV/c)

quar

k v 2

Shingo preliminary

D meson v2

D m

eson

v2

pT (GeV/c)

PHENIX preliminary data

electron v2 fromD meson decay

v2D(pT) ~ v2q(pT*1/6) + v2c(pT*5/6)

Estimation of D-meson and charm quark v2 (I)

SQM06

v2 shape assumption for D-mesonmagnitude fitted to minimize 2

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 13

minimum resultD->e

2

4

1

2 minimum : a = 1, b = 0.96 (2/ndf = 22/27)

v2(u,d,s) ~ v2(c)

universal v2 (pT) for quark

v2(pT) ~ 2*v2q(pT*1/2) v2p(pT) ~ 3*v2q(pT*1/3) v2D(pT) ~ v2q(pT*1/6) + v2q(pT*5/6)

Simultaneous fitting of /K/p/e v2

Estimation of D-meson and charm quark v2

(II)

QM06

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 14

Does it follow the scaling with other hadrons? This is when we assume D meson v2 has same pT dependence as proton. This is at the lower limit of D meson v2 from the previous page 12. We can not rule out that D-meson flowing with other hadrons.Quark mass difference is neglected here. (nq=2)

QM06

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 15

HP06

Estimation of B-meson contribution

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 16

HP06

combination of D- and B-meson

We need to increase B contribution further more even with v2b=0.It will be more difficult to explain RAA .

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 17

HP06

D meson only (b/c=0) case : no-bottom at allCharm v2 reduction at high pT is preferred.

electron v2 from D-meson alone with v2 reduction at high pT

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 18

Pythia D-meson decay

electron pT

D-m

eson

pT

case 1

case 2

input D-meson v2

output electron v2

input D-meson v2

output electron v2

1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th

iteration

Difference between expected and output electron v2 is used to feed back the input D-meson v2 without shape assumption.

Slight difference in feed back procedure and expected electron v2 between case1 and case2.

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 19

case 1 case 2

electron v2 from D-meson alone without assumption in D-meson v2 shape

input pythia D-meson v2

output pythia electron v2expected electron v2(parameterized by experimental data)

v2

pT (GeV/c)

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 20

AuAu Central charm hadron

AuAu Central , K, p

AuAu Central strangeness hadron

SQM06, Yifei Zhang

hint #1 of charm quark collectivity

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 21

N. Xu, SQM 2006, PHENIX (, K, p, J/): PRC69, 034909(04), QM05; STAR (, , ): QM05

RHIC

SPS SPS

hint #2 of charm quark collectivity

PHENIX J/

PBM et. al. QM06

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 22

hint #3 of charm quark collectivity

QM06

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 23

heavy flavor tracker, silicon vertex detectordirect measurement D meson v2

new reaction plane detectorgood resolution => reduce error from R.P. J/ψ v2 & high pT non-photonic electron v2

Reaction plane detector for PHENIX

Heavy Flavor Tracker for STARVertex Tracker, Forward

Calorimeter for PHENIX

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 24

Summary

Charm quark shows collectivity at RHIC.