heavy quarks, the origin of mass , and cp violation for the universe
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Heavy Quarks, the Origin of Mass , and CP Violation for the Universe. March 7, 2013, Time and Matter @ Venice. Heavy Quarks, Origin of Mass, and CPV for Universe. I . Intro: the Truth about New Higgs -like Boson * 4 G–DEWSB & Dilaton - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 1
Heavy Quarks, the Origin of Mass,
and CP Violation for the Universe
March 7, 2013, Time and Matter @ Venice
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 2
I. Intro: the Truth about New Higgs-like Boson * 4G–DEWSB & Dilaton - Conventional Wisdom - Why not Vector-like - Limits/UBV * mF vs mV * “Prior” vs Expt’l Measure - Complex Reality of Yukawa
II. Preludes to Gap Equation from Strong YukawaIII. “Bootstrap” Gap Equation & Numerical Solution
IV. Bonus: CPV4BAUV. New Pheno: QQ ➙ nVL
VI. Discussion & Conclusion Phase transition? p-N w/o QCD? True Holy Grail
Heavy Quarks, Origin of Mass, and CPV for Universe
2015+
VBF/VH Test
1
1
1
4
4
16
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 3
This talk is about Dynamical EWSB,induced by strong Yukawa coupling ofHeavy Chiral (hence 4th gen.) Quarks.
The observed 126 GeV boson would have to be
a Dilaton .*
* If I need to bet real money, it would still go to “the Higgs”.
fortuitous
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 4
Michael Peskin (SLAC), Summary of LP11, Mumbai, 8/2011
CMS stated this a month earlier ...
p. 101
CMS actually announced at EPS-HEP11, 7/2011
Became dire with July 4th Announcement
Conventional Wisdom
tgg → H ~ (1 + 1 + 1)2
enhanced
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 5
PostMortem ...
Riccardo Barbieri 4G included
Alex Pomarol @ ICHEP2012
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 6
PostMortem ...; or (future) Resurrection
4G included
Alex Pomarol @ ICHEP2012
~ RadionWells
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 7
But it’s hard to believe we are seeing
a Dilaton “just now” ...
depression: Jun -
Nov
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 8
Search for “Vector-like” Quarks at LHC
Peskin, LP’11, pp. 113-114 Lead bymy group
“Exclude triangles, not points”, Peskin slogan, 3/2012
ongoing
Actually, I don’t like cancellation mechanisms; I prefer proactive over “anti-negative campaign”. But this study has to be done.
Need for cancellation
symptomatic of hierarchy
problem:
mH sensitivity to rad. corr.
pre-date Peskin
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 9
ATLASas well
Direct Search for “4G” at LHC
“Lead” bymy group
mQ ≳ 700 GeV
Greater than Unitarity Bound ~ 550 GeV !
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 10
What is Sequential 4G?The “God” Particle: the Origin of Mass
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 11
The “God” Particle: the Origin of Mass
unbrokenunintended
orintended?
~ 80 – 90 GeV !
masslessmF ~ lFυ
mV ~ gυ
lF : Yukawa Coupling
“Us”
ggauge coupling
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 12
"for the discovery of the mechanism of spontaneous brokensymmetry in subatomic physics"
"for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature"
Photo: Universtity of Chicago Photo: KEK Photo: Kyoto University
Yoichiro Nambu Makoto Kobayashi Toshihide Maskawa
1/2 of the prize 1/4 of the prize 1/4 of the prize
USA Japan Japan
Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago Chicago, IL, USA
High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Tsukuba, Japan
Kyoto Sangyo University; Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics (YITP), Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan
b. 1921(in Tokyo, Japan) b. 1944 b. 1940
CP Violationin SM
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2008
"for the discovery of the mechanism of spontaneous brokensymmetry in subatomic physics"
SSB
Confirmation of KM ➙ Complex Reality of Yukawa Couplings
lF
n.b. Higgs boson never enters.
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 13
the Truth about New Higgs-like Boson
dominant
clean, but small
more, but more BG Production & Decay:
Complicated Processes
de Boer & Mikuz talks
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 14
Candidate EventsLeading Processes
H → gg
H → ZZ* → ee {mm}
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 15
Summary by Michelangelo Mangano @ HCP 2012, Kyoto, 11/2012
MASS !?
December
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 16
Summary by Michelangelo Mangano @ HCP 2012, Kyoto, 11/2012
• gg mode > SM• no convincing evidence for VBF (Vector Boson Fusion) or VH (Higgsstrahlung off V), e.g. fermion/gg modes
Dilaton Not Ruled Out !Coupling weaker by υ /F, except to gg & gg
MASS !?
December
Conclusion not ruled out by today’s talks (Moriond EW)
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 17
Leading Processes
H → gg
H → ZZ* → ee {mm}
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 18
Verify Higgs, or Rule Out DilatonNot beyond doubt before 2015.
13 TeV run start
Which is “Real”?
“Prior” vs Experimental Measurement
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 19
II. Preludes to Gap Equation from Strong Yukawa“Pairing” (Nambu) Path towards Dynamical EWSB
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Nobel 2008 – B Factory to LHC George W.S. Hou (NTU) FPCP, June 1, 2009 20
"for the discovery of the mechanism of spontaneous brokensymmetry in subatomic physics"
"for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature"
Thoughts on the other 1/2 Nobel Prize
Photo: Universtity of Chicago Photo: KEK Photo: Kyoto University
Yoichiro Nambu Makoto Kobayashi Toshihide Maskawa
1/2 of the prize 1/4 of the prize 1/4 of the prize
USA Japan Japan
Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago Chicago, IL, USA
High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Tsukuba, Japan
Kyoto Sangyo University; Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics (YITP), Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan
b. 1921(in Tokyo, Japan) b. 1944 b. 1940
SSB! Yukawa by Large
Condense can QQ
Could EWSB be due to b’ and t’ above unitarity bound ~ 500-600 GeV ?
Bob Holdom: N–J-L [Bardeen, Hill, Lindner
Gustavo Burdman: “Holographic” 4th gen.
Have been pondering this since 2008,
and major progress first half 2012 !
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 21
ever heard of
BCS Higgs ?
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 22
Path Towards a Gap Equation
Associated with left-handed gauge coupling:
Intuitively saw
I re-entered 4G study, since 2004, due to flavor/CPV
Since 2006-7, start to think about Physics at CMS/LHC
➜ Set-up 4G quark search as program for NTU CMS group (influenced, e.g. Francois)
[CPV-4-BAU]
Nambu’s prize in 10/2008 made me think QQ condensation is NJL-like
Puzzled: (ca. 2009)
Scattering(UBV)
~ “long-distance” (vs 1/mQ)
lQ
As mQ rose, mQ/mW increased;the scattering that sets the Unitarity Boundis a “long distance” effect
Not quite NJL-like. Of course, leading UBV occurs
for G in s-channel (but this is repulsive).
4q operator
_
Since 2008, as bounds rose (Tev ↷ LHC), re-learned Yukawa-induced condensate Holdom ’06
Yukawa Coupling of Goldstone Mode Expt’lly Established, Independent of Higgs Boson Existence
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 23
Gap Equation?
WSH, ICHEP2010;& arXiv:1201.6029
(Chin. J. Phys., 6/2012)lQ
Unitarity Bound, QQ Scattering
Scattering(UBV)
~ “long-distance” (vs 1/mQ)
lQ
SelfEnergy
lQ
summer 2010,while discussing w/
Felipe Llanes-Estrada
Gap Equationself-energy
q
2
summer 2011: No New Physics1-2-3 TeV
Summing over large range of exchange momentum q
_
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 24
III. “Bootstrap” Gap Equation & Numerical Solution * Strong Scale-inv. QED (example)
* Yukawa “Bootstrap”
Mimura, WSH, Kohyama, arXiv:1201.6029
➙ backup
Large lQ through massless G generates mQ, but in turns assures G as Goldstone
q2
lQ
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 25
Gap Equation: Yukawa “Bootstrap”
Gap equation for large Yukawa in the ladder approx. w/ m0 = 0
(and neglect gauge couplings)
“Mass” = B/A
Self-energy momentum-dep.
GlQ
(gauge inv.)
Drop Higgs for now;return later.
w.fn. renorm
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 26
Gap Equation: Yukawa “Bootstrap”
So,
We find, numerically, ~ 1.4
➜ ➜
Higgs or not, absorbed in
!!
scale invariance
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 27
So, what about 126 GeV boson ? Has to be Dilaton !
4G (chiral Q) seemingly bites the dust, again ... (not that it did not happen before)
My first reaction: Hard to believe we are seeing a Dilaton “just now ” ...But the Bootstrap Gap Eq. is nominally Scale-Inv. (no scale, m0 = 0) !
Used in aid of numerical solution.
Dynamical Mass Generation also means Breaking of Scale Invariance.Could there be a Dilaton ? (Radion via AdS/CFT or warped)
Goldberger, Grinstein, Skiba, ’08Barger, Ishida, Keung, ’12 Cheung, Yuan, ’12Campbell, Ellis, Olive, ’12 Grzadkowski, Gunion, Toharia, ’12Coleppa, Gregroire, Logan, ’12Matsuzaki, Yamawaki, ’12; 7/12; 9/12 etc.Elander, Piai, 8/12
Treat 3 parametersa = υ /F, cg, cg N.B. We did not touch UV ... (our whole development is empirical)
N.B. 4G ➙ 2HDM? Perhaps, but 1) Why h0 light; 2) Gap Eq. not applicable
“holographic techni-dilaton gives as good a fit as SM Higgs”
Not YetRuled Out
Even after HCP
Cha
cko,
Fra
nces
chin
i, M
ishr
a, 9
/12
What is the true source
of Scale Breaking ?Need Theoryof lQ
LHCP
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 28
Gap Equation: Yukawa “Bootstrap”
“Mass” = B/ADropped “Higgs”; if dilaton, υ 2/ F
2 suppressed.➜ self-consistent
Gap equation for large Yukawa in the ladder approx. w/ m0 = 0
(and neglect gauge couplings)
Self-energy momentum-dep.
GlQ
(gauge inv.)
w.fn. renorm
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 29
IV. Bonus: CPV4BAU
Intro byMasiero; Sarkar (DM!) talks
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 30
1 ≲ < 10
> 10+15 Nature Would
Use It !?
Jarlskog Invariant & 4G Magic
Main Enhancement !
1-2-3
2-3-4
C P Violation w/ spare change ?
WSH, arXiv:0803.1234 [hep/ph]Providence
CJP 47 (2009) 134
Jarlskog Invariant
Thought came ’07 whilefighting Belle “Nature”
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 31
V. New Pheno: QQ ➙ nVL
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 32
Example
WSH, PRD’2012 [arXiv:1206.1453]
Possible Phenomenology: QQ → nVL
data
?
An Intriguing Analogy lQBoundstate may help
➨
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 33
VI. Discussion and Conclusion
* “p-N” w/o QCD Briefly thought could recover Fermi-Yang model ... But Nature chose many hadronic resonances below 2mN ... ➙ QCD & stringy resonances Do we have a second chance w/ Pure Yukawa ? No Res./Th. Yet !* Phase Transition Issue (3rd Sakharov Condition) Problem in SM w/ Higgs not light enough ... But this is perturbative picture ➙ Can Strong/Nonpert. Yukawa Do It ? Solve Gap Eq. at finite T !
[CPV Baryogenesis]True Holy Grail: Agent of EWSB & Origin of
Mass
Conclusion: 4G–DEWSB w/ Dilaton
Let’s wait for Nature to unveil herself !
Messenger from UV !?
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 35
Gap Equation: Strong Scale-invariant QEDGap equation for QED in the ladder approx. w/ m0 = 0 Self-energy
momentum-dep.
w.fn. renorm
by hand
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 36
Gap Equation: Strong Scale-invariant QEDGap equation for QED in the ladder approx. w/ m0 = 0
angular integration
Wick rotation
Self-energy momentum-dep.
Simplification
w.fn. renorm
“Mass” = B/A
Set up Notation
follow Fukuda−Kugo
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HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 37
noting
plus B.C.:
Miransky scaling ... ?
Gap Equation: Strong Scale-invariant QED