heliostat power tower
TRANSCRIPT
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
1
BYPRAJESH KUMAR HEGDE1DS08ME060
8TH SEM,B SECTION
05 MARCH 2012
2
CONTENTSIntroductionSolar power towerProcess descriptionMajor componentsDifferent types of fluid used in power plantsAdvantagesDisadvantagesConclusionReference
3
INTRODUCTION
DEPLETING FOSSIL FUELS
GREEN HOUSE EFEECT
ELECTRICITY IS SECONDARY ENERGY
4
SOLAR POWER TOWER
5
PROCESS DESCRIPTION
6
RANKINE CYCLE
7
MAJOR COMPONENTS
HeliostatsCentral receiverMolten saltStorage tankSteam generator & Turbine
8
HELIOSTATSTrack the sun movement by the Clockwork mechanism.Sun reached an elevation of approx.10° above the horizon
20% of heliostat field focused on the receiver to preheat the tubes.
Reflect surfaces like iron glass or mirrors. Area is approx. 39.1 m2 Reflectivity is 0.903
9
CENTRAL RECEIVER
Cold fluid is supplied to the receiver cavity.From concentrated solar radiation, temperature of the
fluid increases up to 1000°C.This fluid may supplied directly to steam generator
or storage tank.
10
MOLTEN SALT
Better heat carrying capacity then Water, Air and Carbon dioxide.
Mixture consists of 60% of Sodium nitrate and 40% of potassium nitrate.
Anti freeze salt – high freezing point of 220°CNon flammable and non toxic.Heat maximum heat carrying capacity of
560°C.
11
STORAGE TANK
12
COOL DOWN OF HOT STORAGE TANK
13
STEAM TURBINE GENERATOR
Molten salt transfer from hot storage tank to steam generator system through multistage centrifugal pump.
Pump is made up of stainless steel.Using of heat exchanger concept, molten salt
heat is extracted by water.Steam generated is supply to steam turbine to
generate power.
14
DIFFERENT TYPES OF FLUID USED IN POWER TOWER: • Solar hybrid combined cycle • Salt • Carbon dioxide • Particle • Combined cycle
15
TYPES OF SOLAR POWER TOWER
SOLAR ONE
SOLAR TWO
PLANT SOLAR 10
PLANT SOLAR 20
16
SOLAR ONEConstructed in 1982 and operated till 1986.The heliostat field consisted of 1818 heliostats of
39.3m2 reflective area each. water was converted to steam in the receiver .The project met most of its technical objectives by
demonstrating :(1)The feasibility of generating power with a power
tower.(2)The ability to generate 10 MW for eight hours a day
during summer and four hours a day during winter.
17
SOLAR TWOTechnical obstacles of Solar one:
Intermittent operation of the turbine due to cloud transience and lack of effective thermal storage.
Daily power generation routine started in 1997.This consists of series of panels and each made up of 32 thin
walled stainless steel pipes.Absorbs 95% of incident sunlight from heliostats.875,000m2 storage capacity of hot and cold molten salt storage
tanks.Thermal capacity of system is 110kwh.
18
ADVANTAGESRenewable energy.Heat storage during cloudy and over night
condition.Lower cost of producing electricityEase of implementation.Positive environmental impact.Conservation of fossil fuels.Saving money on long term basis.
19
DISADVANTAGES
Large land requirement.Daily maintenance .Technology is very expensive.Initial Financing problem.Requirement of excess of water.Requires more foundations to place the
heliostats.
20
CONCLUSION
Solar power plays an important in the world’s
power demands.Cost reduction of producing solar thermal
energy could make this the most viable type of available energy.
21
REFRENCE“Renewable energy” by Xiudong Wei, Zhenwu Lu “Advance in parabolic trough solar power
technology” by hank price, David Kearney “Development of molten salt heat transfer fluid with
low melting point and high thermal stability" by Justin.W.Raade and David Padowitz
“Analysis of solar-thermal power plants with thermal energy storage and solar-hybrid operation strategy” by Stefano Giuliano,Reiner Buck,Santiago Eguiguren.
22
23