helping disadvantaged youth: progress & policy … · neet rate: share of young people aged...
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HELPING DISADVANTAGED YOUTH:
PROGRESS & POLICY ACTION TOWARDS
THE ANTALYA G20 YOUTH GOAL
2nd G20 Employment Working Group virtual meeting, 8 April 2020
ILO and OECD
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Antalya Youth Target
Broad agreement in 1St EWG meeting to measure progress by:
NEET rate: share of young people aged 15-29 who are Not in Employment, Education or Training
Other indicators: Covering diverse range of individual and national labour market situations facing disadvantaged youth
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In 2015, G20 Leaders agreed “to reduce the share of young people who are most at risk of being permanently
left behind in the labour market by 15% by 2025”.
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Most G20 economies have made solid progress towards the Antalya goal
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12 countries were ahead of schedule in reaching the Antalya goalDecline in NEET rate, 2014-2019 (% points)
-6.0
-4.0
-2.0
0.0
2.0
4.0
Actual decline Expected decline
But COVID-19 risks undoing much of this progress
0
1,000,000
2,000,000
3,000,000
4,000,000
5,000,000
6,000,000
04/14/2007 04/12/2008 04/11/2009 04/10/2010 04/09/2011 04/07/2012 04/06/2013 04/05/2014 04/04/2015 04/02/2016 04/01/2017 03/31/2018 03/30/2019 03/28/2020
Initial claims for unemployment benefits in the United States14 April 2007 to 28 March 2020
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Going beyond the crisis, structural challenges need to be addressed
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Much of the decline in the NEET rate driven by declines in unemployed NEETs
Change in NEET rate for 15-29 year olds by activity status, 2014-2019 (% points)
-7.0
-5.0
-3.0
-1.0
1.0
3.0
5.0
Unemployed Inactive Total
Low-skilled youth face a high risk of labour market exclusion
Many young people in unstable and low-paid jobs
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Young women face additional barriers to good quality jobs
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NEET rates are higher for young women than for young men
NEET rate for 15-29 year olds by gender, 2019 (%)
Greater difficulties in reconciling caring responsibilities with work
Narrow stereotypical views about the professional role of young women, and discrimination in employment
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Women Men
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G20 Policy Principles for Promoting Better Youth Employment Outcomes
Improving education and skills of youth
• Ensuring basic skills for all
• Ensuring school completion
• Providing greater choice in educational pathways
• Promoting access to higher education
• Bringing closer together the worlds of education and work
Improving youth employment
• Strengthening job opportunities
• Tackling unemployment
• Avoiding prolonged periods out of work
• Improving job quality
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Sustainable Development Goal 8
Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all
Target 8.6: By 2020, substantially reduce the proportion of youth not in employment, education or training
Target 8.b: By 2020, develop and operationalize a global strategy for youth employment and implement the Global Jobs Pact of the International Labour Organization
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Recent developments in national youth employment strategies
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Pro
mo
tin
g b
ette
r yo
uth
em
plo
ymen
t o
utc
om
es
Imp
rovin
g ed
ucatio
n an
d skills
Ensuring basic skills for all7%
Ensuring school completion
8%
Providing greater choice in educational pathways
11%
Promoting access to higher education
4%
Bringing closer together the worlds of education and work
24%
Strengthening job opportunities
5%
Tackling unemployment 25%
Avoiding prolonged periods out of work
4%
Improving job quality 1%
Mixed interventions11%
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• Tackle weak aggregate demand to avoid large job losses
• Extend job retention measures to all young workers
• Expand training opportunities
• Strengthen income support for young people
Strengthen support in economic downturns
• Increase quality jobs opportunities
• Better prepare young people for school-to-work transition
• Promote quality work-based learning and recognition
• Promote entrepreneurship
• Update employment & social legislation for diverse forms of work
• Invest in high-quality, cost-effective employment services
• Promote engagement in social dialogue
Improve successful labourmarket entry
Possible elements of a comprehensive Youth Action Plan
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• Promote participation in STEM subjects & apprenticeships in all fields
• Tackle gender divide in digital skills
• Foster leadership skills
Improve educational & employment choices for girls & young women
• Promote non-discriminatory practices at the workplace
• Reduce gender gaps in career and pay progression, including after motherhood
• Promote self-employment opportunities
• Promote gender equality in global and domestic supply chains
Reduce gender disparities in job quality
Tackle barriers to decent employment for young women
• Ensure autonomy in reproductive decisions
• Provide affordable & quality support for caring
• Invest in care economy & better gender balance in unpaid work
• Support job prospects and mobility through tailored employment services & programmes
Facilitate young women’s access to the labourmarket