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NEOCLASSICAL

FUNCTIONALISM

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NEOCLASSICALNeoclassicism is the name given to Western movements in the decorative and visual arts, literature, theatre, music, and architecture that draw inspiration from the "classical" art and culture of Ancient Greece or Ancient Rome. It is a revival of the styles and spirit of classic antiquity inspired directly from the classical period, which coincided and reflected the developments in philosophy and other areas of the Age of Enlightenment, and was initially a reaction against the excesses of the preceding Rococo style.

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HELSINKI CATHEDRAL

SENATE SQUARE

UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI

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FUNCTIONALISMFunctionalism, in architecture, is the principle that architects should design a building based on the purpose of that build-ing. This statement is less self-evident than it first appears, and is a matter of confusion and controversy within the profession, particularly in regard to modern architecture.

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HELSINKI OLYMPICS STADIUM

GLASS PALACE

FINLANDIA HALL

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ART NOUVEAUDuring the late 1800s, many European artists, graphic designers, and architects rebelled against formal, classi-cal approaches to design. They believed that the greatest beauty could be found in nature. Art Nouveau (French for “New Style”) was popularized by the famous Maison de l’Art Nouveau, a Paris art gallery operated by Siegfried Bing. Art Nouveau art and architecture flourished in major European cities between 1890 and 1914.

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NATIONAL MUSEUM OF FINLAND

CENTRAL RAILWAY STATION

THE PEARL OF KRUUNUNHAKA

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HELSINKI CATHEDRALWhen Helsinki became the capital of Finland in 1812, Helsinki’s centre was established around the Senate Square. Architects C.L. Engel and A. Ehrenström, who adapted the grand Empire style architecture of St. Petersburg, designed all the buildings surrounding the Senate Square including the Helsinki Cathedral. The cathedral was completed in 1852.

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