Henry Ford’s Life• Henry Ford was the American founder of the Ford

Motor Company and father of modern assembly lines used in mass production. As owner of the Company he became one of the richest and best-known people in the world.

• Born on July 28, 1863.Green field Township, Dearborn, Michigan, U.S.

• At fifteen, Ford dismantled and reassembled the timepieces of friends and neighbours dozens of times, gaining the reputation of a watch repairman.

• Ford married Clara Ala Bryant in 1888 and had one son Edsel Bryant.

• He had developed 26-HP automobile and Detroit automobile company became Henry Ford Company

• Ford developed 80+HP racer called as “999” and form partnership Ford and Malconson.ltd

• Awarded 161 U.S. Patents• He worked as an apprentice mechanic• Idol was Thomas Edison

Quadricycle (1896) In 1891, Ford became an engineer with the Edison

Illuminating Company, and after his promotion to Chief Engineer in 1893, he had enough time and money to devote attention to his personal experiments on gasoline engines.

These experiments culminated in 1896 with the completion of his own self-propelled vehicle named the Ford Quadricycle, which he test-drove on June 4.

He named it as “Ford Quadricycle” as it ran on four cycle wheels . It was also called as Horseless carriage

Quadricycle runs at a maximum speed of 20 miles per hour. It was a very crude and simple machine that only had a two person seating capacity.

Model- T

• Henry Ford set out to build a car which everyone could afford to buy.

• It was slow, ugly and difficult to drive, and was nick named the ‘Tin Lizzie’ by the American people.

• The attraction of the Model T Ford was that its price never increased.

• Costing $1200 in 1909, the price in 1928 was only $295.

• By 1929 Ford was producing more than one car per minute.

• Ford had a good network of dealers all over as a result sale of the cars sky rocketed.

• Half of all cars in America were model –T and were of black colour.

Model- A

After the decline of model A due to rising competition. Henry ford was convinced to make a new model.

He involved great technical expertise. Body design was left to his son , Edsel. The result was the successful Ford Model A.

Total output of model-A was more than 4 million. Henry Ford Company adopted an annual model change system, similar to competitor (General Motors).

• Minimum salary of 5$ per workday • Reduced workday from 9 to 8 hours • Workers could work in 3 shifts,

which increased production • Workers became customers due to

increased wages • Influenced behavior as 5$ would be

paid only to those who behaved well

Labour Unions

Henry Ford Vehemently opposed labour unions.

Hired former Navy Boxer to intimidate workers

Gave into the demand in 1941 and thus,The United Auto Worker's Union was created

International businessInternational business

Believed in economic independence for the united states

Wanted to go global with the company Believed that international trade would

promote global peace. Inference: Because of his economic and

conceptual independence, he aroused fear and infatuation among the Europeans, specially the Germans

Appealed to the Americans because he potrayed the essence of Americanism

Could have created an 'idol' image for his workers.

Ford Motor Company

• Founded June 17, 1903• Founded in Dearborn, Michigan• Was Henry Ford’s third company• Current President/CEO is Alan Mulally• Current Chairman is William Clay Ford, Jr., Henry Ford’s great-grandson• In 2007, sold 2.4 million cars • Started making the Model T in 1908• First moving assembly line was at Highland Park Assembly Plant (1913)

ASSEMBLY LINEASSEMBLY LINEBasic principle: the work moves

and the workers stay putIt is based on division of labor

and specialization: many people work on a product and each person does a small task at a station

First moving assembly line at Ford Motor Co. produced magneto coils. Later, entire vehicles were assembled at Highland Park plant, beginning in 1910

ASSEMBLY LINE

Moving assembly line was so efficient that Ford could only use one type of paint (one that would dry fast enough), which was in black

Though it had 1,500 parts, one Model T could be assembled every three minutes

Made it possible for Ford to make lots of cars much more cheaply

Great DepressionGreat Depression• During the great depression,

Ford responded to the collapse in motor sales by reducing the scale of their operations and laying off workers.

•  Ford Hunger March: On March 7, 1932 some 3,000 - 5,000 unemployed workers assembled in West Detroit to march on Ford's River Rouge plant to deliver a petition demanding more support

Mass ProductionMass ProductionFord was able to sell cars cheaply because they were

mass produced and every part was standardized (only one color and one engine size were available).

By producing large number of cars on an Assembly Line, Ford needed fewer skilled people and that cut the cost of paying wages.

Assembly Lines :Each man and each machine do only one thing... the

thing is to keep everything in motion and take the work to the man not the man to the work’ 

Highland Park Ford PlantHighland Park Ford Plant

Location – Highland Park, MichiganThe Moving Assembly line – Debuted here Became a National Historic Landmark in

1978Produced 1000 model T’s a day

FordismFordismModern economic & social system based on

industrial mass production.Was first introduced by Antonio Gramsci in

his essay "Americanism and Fordism“Product is standardized Division of labor Mass production, cheaper cost, higher wages

Founded in – 1915Henry Ford had a vision to provide patients

the quality care and comfort we expect for our families and ourselves. 

Vast chain of hospitals & medical centers.Known for clinical excellence in

cardiovascular surgery, neurosurgery, multi-organ transplants and cancer treatment

LeadershipLeadershipHenry ford was a charismatic leader shown

by his popularity by his workers and the public for producing a car affordable to all.

He was a transformational leader. The four important components that are needed for a transformational leader to move there followers in a transformational style are :

Idealized influence or CredibilityInspired motivationIntellectual stimulation Individualized consideration

Idealized Influence or CredibilityIdealized Influence or Credibility  He had the credibility in knowing his

stuff about the automobile and that his lifelong dream or vision had been to not only invent such a machine but to invent it in such numbers that it would be readily available and affordable to the public.  He was quoted saying “for every dollar I reduce the price I sell a 1,000 more”.  Ford had the perception of being great and thus others wanted to join him, be they workers, investors or even famous people like movie stars and royalty.

Inspired motivationInspired motivation

Ford was very motivating towards his workers, such motivation could be in the way of reward, or conditions.  Henry Ford introduced minimum wage at the factory of $5 per day when the actual average for the industry was $2.34, he also introduced an eight hour day instead of nine.  Such actions were motivating factors in progressing towards Ford’s dream.

Intellectual stimulation Intellectual stimulation

Fords Intellectual stimulation again was the dream, his way of thinking however was purely transformational, by introducing the moving assembly line, and thinking of minimum stock levels and minimizing wastage.  One particular action was to get his steering wheels transported to him in wooden freight boxes, because he claimed they were arriving damaged, the real reason was he then used the packaging for the wooden floors of his carriage.

Individualized considerationIndividualized consideration Henry Fords consideration of individuals

I suppose was there in the reasons stated before in that he looked after his staff as a whole, however Ford did have a dark side to him when it came to his own self opinions.

HonoursHonours• In 1928, Ford was awarded the Franklin

Institute's Elliott Cresson Medal.• In 1938, Ford was awarded Nazi Germany's

Grand Cross of the German Eagle, a medal given to foreigners sympathetic to Nazism.

• The United States Postal Service honored Ford with a Prominent American Series (1965–1978) 12¢ postage stamp.

• In December 1999, Ford was among 18 included in Gallup’s List of Widely Admired People of the 20th Century, from a poll conducted of the American people.

Some of Henry Ford quotes• “When everything seems to be going against you, remember

that the airplane takes off against the wind, not with it,”• “Quality means doing it right when no one is looking.”• “Obstacles are those frightful things you see when you take

your eyes off your goal.”• “Failure is simply the opportunity to begin again,

this time more intelligently.”• “A business that makes nothing but money is

a poor business.”• “Chop your own wood, and it will warm you twice.”• “Nothing is particularly hard if you divide it into small jobs.”• “There is one rule for the industrialist and that is: Make the

best quality of goods possible at the lowest cost possible, paying the highest wages possible.”

• “Don't find fault, find a remedy.”

Some Amazing QuotesObstacles are those frightful things you see when

you take your eyes off your goals.Don't find fault, find a remedy; anybody can

complain When everything seem to be going against you,

remember that the airplane takes off against the wind, not with it ....

Even a mistake may turn out to be the one thing necessary to a worthwhile achievement

It has been my observation that most people get ahead during the time that others waste.

AchievementsAchievements