herschel debris disks - nasa...dunes! “dust around nearby stars” pi: c. eiroa (u. de madrid)!...
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Highlights on Debris Disks from the Herschel Key Science Programmes !
Aki Roberge!Exoplanets and Stellar Astrophysics Lab!NASA Goddard Space Flight Center!
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Herschel Space Observatory!
http://herschel.esac.esa.int/!
• Far-IR to sub-mm imaging and spectroscopy!
• Three instruments!
− PACS, SPIRE, HIFI!
• Launched May 2009!
• Expected depletion of cryogen in early 2013 !
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GASPS!“Gas in Protoplanetary Systems”
PI: W. Dent (UKATC / ALMA JAO)!
• 400 hours, ~ 250 late B to M stars, 1 – 30 Myr old!
• Primordial disks through young debris disks!
• Far-IR spectra & photometry!
[C II], [O I], H2O + other data + models to get gas masses! Image credit : I. Kamp!
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The 49 Ceti System!One of two debris disks w/ sub-mm CO emission!
(A1 star, 10 to 30 Myr-old)!
Hughes et al. (2008)!
Warm inner disk, cold outer disk.
Inner disk resolved!
Wahhaj et al. (2007)!
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Dust in 49 Ceti with Herschel!
Roberge et al. (2012), in prep.!
70 μm !
Disk resolved at 70 μm!
− HWHM ~ 250 AU!
− PA agrees w/ sub-mm CO contours (−75° vs. −79° E of N)!
− Cold dust and cold gas appear to be aligned!
− Disk might be warped!
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Dust in 49 Ceti with Herschel!
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Atomic Gas in 49 Ceti!
• CII emission detected (5σ); No OI emission!
• Canʼt fit the CII, OI upper limit, and CO emission with a primordial-like gas disk model!
Roberge et al. (2012), in prep.!
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DUNES!“Dust Around Nearby Stars”
PI: C. Eiroa (U. de Madrid)!
• 150 hours, far-IR imaging of 134 F, G, K stars!
• With DEBRIS project, fairly complete survey of nearby solar-type stars (d < 20 pc) for cold debris dust!
q1 Eri!
0.0
1.0
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Surface Brightness [mJy/arcsec
2]
20 10 0 10 20 3020 10 0 10 20 30
20 10 0 10 20 30RA offset [arcsec]
20 10 0 10 20 30
N
E
70 µm
0.0
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Surface Brightness [mJy/arcsec
2]
20 10 0 10 20 3020 10 0 10 20 30
20 10 0 10 20 30RA offset [arcsec]
20 10 0 10 20 30
N
E
100 µm
0.20.00.20.40.60.81.01.21.41.61.82.02.22.42.62.8
Surface Brightness [mJy/arcsec
2]
20 10 0 10 20 3020 10 0 10 20 30
20 10 0 10 20 30RA offset [arcsec]
20 10 0 10 20 30
N
E
160 µm70 μm! 100 μm! 160 μm!
Liseau et al. (2010)!
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Roberge et al. (2012), in press!
DUNES Survey Sensitivity!
mean z < 150 zodis!(Milan-Gabet et al. 2011)!
~ 25% of solar-type stars!(Eiroa et al. 2012, in prep.)!
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Other DUNES Highlights!• All targets detected at 100 μm;
planned sensitivity achieved!
• Nearly ½ of disks spatially resolved!
• Variety of spectral energy distributions seen!– Photospheres, normal disks,
faint disks, strange “steep” disks!
– New class of very cold disks defy modeling; failed systems?!
Photosphere!
Normal disk!
Very cold disk!
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Summary!
3) Quarter of solar-type stars with > 10x our Kuiper belt!
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Surface Brightness [mJy/arcsec
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20 10 0 10 20 30RA offset [arcsec]
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E
100 µm
1) Finally, resolving lots of disks in thermal emission!
2) Detections of debris gas emission from more than just Beta Pic!