hierarchy of cortical visual areas · hierarchy of cortical visual areas felleman and van essen...
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Hierarchy of Cortical Visual AreasFelleman and Van Essen 1991
LGN
RGC
Architectonics
Topography
Connections
Response Properties
Criteria for Distinguishing Cortical Areas
V1
7a
PIT
CIT
AIT
TEO
VP
V4
MT
DP
V2
V4
MST
VIP
LIP
Parietal Pathway
Temporal Pathway
Parallel Pathways
in Visual Cortex
Parietal
Pathway
Temporal
Pathway
AIT
CIT
PIT
V4
7a
LIPVIP MST
MT
V2 V2
V1 V1
Motter and Mountcastle 1981
One Target - Instruct Attend In
Two Targets - Attend In
Two Targets - Attend Out
Attend ElsewhereAttend To Stimulus
Response(spikes/s)
Time (ms) Time (ms)1000
75 75
0.0
1.0
-90° -60° -30° 0° 30° 60°
0.5
n = 262
0.45
37°0.60
37°Amplitude:
Width:
90°
Relative orientation
V4
sample
response
Attend Out
Attend In
Change in average V4 orientation tuning by attention
0.0
1.0
-90° -60° -30° 0° 30° 60°
0.5
n = 262
0.45
37°0.60
37°Amplitude:
Width:
90°
Relative orientation
V4
sample
response
Attend Out
Attend In
Change in average V4 orientation tuning by attention
0.0
1.0
-90 -60 -30 0 30 60
0.5
0.6537°
0.6938°
amplitude:width:
N = 132
90
Relative orientation
V1
population
response
Attend out
Attend in
V1 V4MT
VIPMST
7a
Average
response
enhancement
by
attention
100%
0%
Cortical hierarchy levels
50%
Size of modulation spatial attention of fMRI signal in different visual areasO'Connor, Fukui, Pinsk, & Kaster (2002)
V1
attentionmodulation
index
0.5
0.0TEOMTV4V3AV3V2
V1
7a
PIT
CIT
AIT
TEO
VP
V4
MT
DP
V2
V4
MST
VIP
LIP
PIT
CIT
V2
Spatial relationships
Motion
Pattern
Identity
Submodalities
Attentional Modulation
Low High
V1
7a
PIT
CIT
AIT
TEO
VP
V4
MT
DP
V2
V4
MST
VIP
LIP
Parietal Pathway
Temporal Pathway
Parallel Pathways
in Visual Cortex
Parietal
Pathway
Temporal
Pathway
AIT
CIT
PIT
V4
7a
LIPVIP MST
MT
V2 V2
V1 V1
V4 Responses to Non-Cartesian GratingsGallant et al. 1996
Responses of Inferotemporal NeuronKobatake and Tanaka 1994
Human IT Face Responses
0
Time (ms)
250
Response
(µV)
125
0
-125
Response
(µV)
125
0
-125
Normal
Scrambled
V1
7a
PIT
CITAIT
TEO
VP
V4
MT
DP
V4
MST
VIP
LIP
PIT
CIT
V2
Preferred Stimulus Complexity in the Ventral Stream
(after Kobatake and Tanaka, 1994)
Columnar organization in inferotemporal cortexTanaka et al. 1997
0.5 mm
V1
7a
PIT
CIT
AIT
TEO
VP
V4
MT
DP
V2
V4
MST
VIP
LIP
PIT
CIT
V2
Spatial relationships
Motion
Pattern
Identity
Submodalities
Attentional ModulationLow High
Receptive Field SizeSmall Large
Preferred StimuliSimple Complex