high-resolution x-ray spectroscopy of agn warm absorbers rebecca smith mssl, ucl with g....
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High-Resolution X-ray Spectroscopy of AGN Warm Absorbers
Rebecca SmithMSSL, UCL
with G. Branduardi-Raymont and M. Page
Aims
Studying a variety of AGN warm absorbers Comparison offers clues to dynamics, chemical
composition, physical structure and origin High-resolution soft X-ray spectra vital
diagnostic tool Three objects presented today, focussing on data
from XMM-Newton RGS
Objects
Markarian 509
Seyfert 1
z=0.034
Very high luminosity Seyfert 1
L2-10keV
= 1.3-2.6x1044erg s-1
Galactic NH=4.4x1020cm-2
Bright X-ray NLS1
L2-10keV
= 2.4x1043erg s-1
Galactic NH=6.4x1020cm-2
Spectral variation between observations
L2-10keV
= 8x1042-3x1043erg s-1
Galactic NH=5.8x1020cm-2
Arakelian 564
NLS1
z=0.025
1H 0707-495
NLS1
z=0.041
Flux
(ph
oton
s m
-2s-1Å
-1)
Markarian 509 Phase 1:
log = 0.89±0.07
outflow vel = 510±200km s-1
NH = 0.79x1021cm-2
Phase 2:
log =2.14±0.08
outflow vel = 260±120km s-1
NH = 0.75x1021cm-2
Phase 3:
log = 3.26±0.03
outflow vel = 60±100km s-1
NH = 5.50x1021cm-2
Wavelength (Å)
XMM-Newton RGS
Smith et al. 2007
T
Thermal Stability Graph
Pressure form ionization parameter:
Phases with the same value of can be in pressure equilibrium and so exist within the same cloud
Smith et al. 2007
Flux
(ph
oton
s m
-2s-1Å
-1)
Arakelian 564 Phase 1:
log = 0.29±0.20
outflow vel = 10±90km s-1
Col Dens = 0.31x1021cm-2
Phase 2:
log = 2.56±0.09
outflow vel = 20±100km s-1
Col Dens = 0.71x1021cm-2
Narrow emission lines from OVIII
and NVII with outflow velocity ~
500km s-1
Wavelength (Å)
Smith et al. in prep
XMM-Newton RGS
1H 0707-495
Energy (keV)
Nor
mal
ized
cou
nts
/s /
keV
Spectral changes between 2000 observation (black) and 2002 observation (red)
Shift in energy of large feature at ~7keV
Gallo et al. 2004
XMM-Newton EPIC PN
2000
2002
2000
20022
Wavelength (Å)
Cou
nts
m-2s-1
Å-1
XMM-Newton RGS 1H 0707-495
Gallo et al. 2004
Two features, with ~8% energy shift
Change in ionization or velocity?
XMM-Newton RGS 1H 0707-495
1H 0707-495XMM-Newton EPIC PN
Wavelength (Å)
Energy (keV)
Cou
nts
m-2s-1Å
-1
norm
aliz
ed c
ount
s s-1
keV
-1
2002
2000
Smith et al. in prep
2002
2000
10 15 20 25 30 35
Cou
nts
m-2s-1
Å-1
XMM-Newton RGS 1H 0707-495
2000
2002
Wavelength (Å)
XMM-Newton RGS
Arakelian 564
Markarian 509
Cou
nts
m-2s-1Å
-1
1H 0707-495 2000
1H 0707-495 2002
10 15 20 25 30 35Wavelength (Å)
Conclusions Have analysed three Seyfert 1s with high-resolution soft X-
ray spectra
Interesting diversity of characteristics in outflows and emission features
Connected UV and X-ray absorbers in Mrk 509 and Ark 564
Mrk 509 shows strong broad emission lines consistent with the optical broad line region
Ark 564 has a highly ionized absorber with a surprisingly low outflow velocity
1H 0707-495 shows dramatic soft X-ray spectral variability in strength of warm absorber and energy of 'shoulder'