Issa Khan Irfan AhmadBabar Khan COMSATS Abbottabad Civil Engineering

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Highways And Motorways of Pakistan

Introduction Highway engineering History Difference between Highway and Motorway Difference between Highway and Expressway Basic definitions Highway Motorway

Contents

A network of roads that have a number of lanes and connect different towns and cities with intersecting roads via stop lights is a system of highways in any country.

Motorway connects two or more important cities. It allows us to reach our destination at a high speed.

Introduction

Highway engineering is a branch of civil engineering which involves the planning, design, construction, operation, and maintenance of roads, bridges, and tunnels to ensure safe and effective transportation of people and goods.

Highway engineers must take into account future traffic flows

Highway engineering

The beginning of road construction could be dated to the time of the Romans

By about 10,000 BC, rough roads/pathways were used by human travelers

The world's oldest known paved road was laid in Egypt some time between 2600 and 2200 BC

In the 8th century AD, many roads were built throughout the Arab Empire. The most sophisticated roads were those in Baghdad, which were paved with tar

The construction of modern highways begin in the mid 20th century

History of Roads

Difference b/w Highway and Motorway Highway Motorway

1. More traffic2. Intersections3. Traffic signals/lights4. Zebra crossing5. Boundary is not

provided

6. May or may not have control access

7. Low Speed (70 km/h)

1. Less traffic2. No intersections 3. No traffic

signals/lights4. No zebra crossing5. boundary is provided

(usually steel wire)6. Control access7. High speed ( 120

km/h)

Highway And Expressway In expressway, there is partial access.

It means that there is specified points to enter and exit the expressway. While in highway there is many point that one can use to enter and exit the expressway.

Motorway And Freeway The main and the only difference

between motorway and freeway is that freeway is toll-free and highway is not.

Main differences

• A shoulder, often serving as an emergency stopping lane, is a reserved lane .

• Emergency vehicles such as ambulances and police cars may use the shoulder to bypass traffic congestion

Basic terminoligies :Shoulder

The median strip or central reservation is the reserved area that separates opposing lanes of traffic on divided roadways, such as divided highways, dual carriageways, freeways, and motorways.

Median

For Highway; Median= 3m shoulder width = 3m Minimum lane width= 3.7m (12 ft) For Motorway; Median= 5m shoulder width = 4m Lane width = 9ft to 15ft

Highway and Motorway standards

Highway

The National Highways of Pakistan consists of all public highways maintained by National Highways Authority under the Ministry of Transport.

Length…….. 12,000 km  Pakistan’s National highways include the Famous

Grand Trunk Road, Indus highway, Karakoram highway and Makran coastal highway

All national highways in Pakistan are pre-fixed with the letter 'N' (for "National") followed by the unique numerical designation of the specific highway (with a hyphen in the middle)

Highway

All national highways in Pakistan are pre-fixed with the letter 'N' (for "National") followed by the unique numerical designation of the specific highway (with a hyphen in the middle) E.g. "N-5“

Each numerical designation is separated by five numerals, i.e. N-5, N-10, N-15, etc.

National Highways are distinct from 'Strategic Highways', which begin with the prefix 'S' and are owned, controlled and operated by the Ministry of Defense.

Highway

Some of the important National Highways of Pakistan are given below;

N-5 The National Highway 05 or the N-

5 is Pakistan's longest highway  Its total length is 1756 km  running from the port city of Karachi to the

border crossing at Torkham No of lanes are 6  N-5 is also known as Shahrah-e-Pakistan.

Important highways of Pakistan

N-15 Mansehra---- Chillas It is also popular among tourist who visit

Naran and the surrounding areas Length-----240km No of Lanes----2

N-25  located in Sindh and Balochistan  It is often referred to as the RCD

Highway or Regional Cooperation for Development Highway, linking Karachi and Quetta

Length---- 813km No of lanes 2

N-35 Also known as Karakoram highway Hasan Abdal----- khunjerab pass Length---- 806km No of lanes--- 4

N-40 Quetta--- Taftan Length----610km No of lanes 2

N-45 Nowshehra----Chitral Length---309km No of lanes----2 A tunnel project on the highway, Lowari

Tunnel is expected to be completed in 2017 which will reduce the current 14-hour drive from Chitral to Peshawar by 7-hours

N-55 Also known as Indus Highway Karachi to Peshawar Length---531km No of lanes--- 2 The Indus Highway passes through

the Kohat Tunnel. No of lanes 4 to 6

Map of National Highways

Strategic Highways are;S-1 Gilgit to Skardu Length--- 167kmS-2 Kohala to Muzaffarabad Length--- 40kmS-3 Muzaffarabad to Chakothi Length--- 55km

Motorways

The motorways of Pakistan are a network of multiple-lane, high-speed,  controlled-access highways in Pakistan, which are owned, maintained and operated federally by Pakistan's National Highway Authority.

All Motorways in Pakistan are pre-fixed with the letter ‘M' followed by the unique numerical designation of the specific motorway. “E.g. M-5”

Introduction to Motorways

Construction

The first motorway in Pakistan was opened in November 1997.

By April 2010, the total length of operational motorways in Pakistan was 632 km.

Present length of operational motorways in Pakistan is 1005 kilometers.

Opening And Length

Pakistan's motorways are either six-lanes or four-lanes.

Universal minimum speed limit of 80 km/h and a maximum speed limit of 110 km/h for HTV and 120Km/h for LTV.

They have a central median and are fenced on the outside for safety and prevention of unauthorized access.

Entry to all motorways in Pakistan are restricted to fast-moving vehicles only, including high-performance heavy bikes.

Features

Pakistan's Motorways are part of Pakistan's National Trade Corridor Project.

Motorways can be also used by fighter jets for landing and take off.

It is the most secured route in the country.

Features

M-1 Pakistan's third motorway Peshawar to Islamabad Length--- 155km No of lanes – 6M-2 Pakistan's first motorway Islamabad to Lahore Length--- 367km No of lanes--- 6  It was also the first motorway to be built in South Asia

Operational Motorways of Pakistan

M-3 Pakistan's second motorway Pindi Bhattian to Faisalabad Length --- 57 km No of lanes--- 4

M-4 Pakistan's fourth motorway Faisalabad to Multan Length--- 233 km No of lanes ---- 4

M-5 It is planned to be completed to 2018 Karachi to Lahore Length--- 1,160 km No of Lanes--- 6 This is also known for Karachi-Multan-Lahore

Motorway Short as KLM Project

M-9 Hyderabad to Karachi Upgradation of 4-lane into 6-lane motorway Length---136 km

M-10 It is located in Sindh province, however it is

mostly referred to as the Karachi Northern Bypass

Length--- 57 km No of lanes–- 4.

Planned MotorwaysM-6 It has 365 km length. It has 4 lanes. It links D.G Khan with Kakkar.

M-7 It has 270 km length. It has 4 lane. It connects Kakkar with Karachi.

M-8Its length is 892 km.4 lanes.Under construction in sindh and balochistan provinces.Initially it has 2 lanes with furthur 2 lane planned.It links Gawadar city with rest of Paksitan.