hind energy & coal beneficiation (india)...

Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd.

(Change in Technology)

AT

Hindadih Village, Masturi Tehsil

Bilaspur District, Chhattisgarh

Capacity of Coal

Washery EC obtained Change in technology

2.4 MTPA (Dry type) E.C. accorded in 24th

June 2008 2.4 MTPA (Dry type) to 2.4 MTPA (Wet Type)

1.2 MTPA (Wet Type) E.C. accorded in 21st

May 2014 No change

Total Permitted Capacity of Coal Washery : 3.6 MTPA

Final

Environmental Impact Assessment

Report [Based on TOR letter vide No.J-11015/364/2009-IA-II (M) dated 11th February 2016 &

29th March 2019 (TOR validity extension]

May 2019

Prepared by

6-3-652, Flat # 7-3, Dhruvatara Apartments, Amrutha Estates, Erramanjil, Somajiguda, Hyderabad- 82 Ph.No. : 040-23314270

Accredited by

DECLARATION

Declaration by Experts contributing to the EIA report for the proposed change in technology in the

existing plant i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY type coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type Coal Washery by

M/s. Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. at Village Hindadih, Tehsil Masturi, District

Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh. We, hereby, certify that we were part of the EIA team in the following

capacity that developed the above EIA.

EIA Coordinator : Coal Washery

Name : Mr. Y. Maheshwara Reddy

Signature : Date 01/12/2015

DECLARATION BY FUNCTIONAL AREA EXPERTS INVOLVED IN THE PREPARATION OF EIA REPORT

S.No. Functional Areas

Name of the Experts Involvement (Period)

Signature

1. AP Mr. Y. Maheshwara Reddy Dec. 2015 to till date

2. WP Mr. Y. Maheshwara Reddy Dec. 2015 to till date

3. SW Mr. Y. Maheshwara Reddy Dec. 2015 to till date

4. SE Dr. Bhaskar S April 2016 to till date

5. EB Prof. Bayyapu Reddy April 2016 to till date

6. HG Mr. V. Tarun Chander April 2016 to till date

7. GEO Mr. V. Tarun Chander April 2016 to till date

8. SC Prof. Bayyapu Reddy April 2016 to till date

9. AQ Mr. Y. Maheshwara Reddy April 2016 to till date

10. NV Mr. Kotaiah B April 2016 to till date

11. LU Dr. Y. Ramamohan April 2016 to till date

12. RH Mr. D.H. Patel April 2016 to till date

S.No. Involved as Name of the person Involvement (Period)

Signature

1. Team Member Mr. Nagarjuna SRD Dec. 2015 to till date

Declaration by the Head of the Accredited Consultant Organization

I, Y. MAHESHWARA REDDY, hereby, confirm that the above-mentioned experts prepared the EIA

for M/s. Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. for their proposed change in technology in

the existing plant i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY type coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type Coal Washery

situated at Village Hindadih, Tehsil Masturi, District Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh. I also confirm that I shall

be fully accountable for any misleading information mentioned in this statement.

Signature :

Name : Y. Maheshwara Reddy

Designation : Managing Director

Organization : Pioneer Enviro Laboratories & Consultants Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad

NABET Certificate No. : NABET / EIA / 1619 / RA 026

Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. [Hindadih]

Change in Technology [Dry to Wet]

EIA Index

1

INDEX

S.No. Contents Page No.

TOR LETTER

TOR COMPLIANCE

Chapter – 1 : Introduction

1.1 Purpose of the Report 1.1

1.2 Identification of Project & Project Proponent 1.1

1.3 Brief Description 1.4

1.3.1 Nature of the Project 1.4

1.3.2 Size of the Project 1.4

1.3.3 Location of the Project 1.4

1.3.4 Importance of Project 1.4

1.4 Scope of the Study 1.7

1.5 Environmental Clearance Process (Category – A Projects) 1.8

Chapter – 2 : Project Description

2.1 Type of Project 2.1

2.2 Need for the Project 2.1

2.3 Location of the Project 2.3

2.3.1 Environmental Setting Within 10 Km. Radius of The Project Site 2.7

2.4 Details of Land 2.8

2.5 Size / Magnitude of Operation 2.12

2.6 Justification of Change in Technology from Dry Type to Wet Type 2.12

2.6.1 Comparative Evaluation of Dry & Wet Process 2.13

2.7 Project Cost 2.14

2.8 Proposed Schedule for Approval and Implementation 2.14

2.9 Technology & Process Description 2.14

2.9.1 Raw Materials (Source of Coal) 2.14

2.9.2 Raw Material Storage and Transport 2.14

2.9.3 Process of Coal Washery 2.16

2.9.4 Characteristics & Quantum of ROM Coal, Washed Coal and Coal Washery Rejects

2.17

2.9.5 Material Balance 2.17

2.10 Environmental Mitigation Measures 2.19

2.10.1 Air Emission Control 2.19

2.10.2 Waste Water Management 2.19

2.10.3 Noise Management 2.20

2.10.4 Solid Waste Management 2.20

2.10.5 Green Belt Development 2.20

2.10.6 Internal Roads 2.21

2.11 Assessment of new & Untested Technology for the Risk of technological Failure

2.21



EIA Index

2

Chapter – 3 : Description of Environment

3.1 Baseline Environmental Status 3.1

3.2 Air Environment 3.1

3.2.1 Meteorology 3.1

3.2.2 Meteorological Data Recorded at Plant Site 3.1

3.2.3 Air Quality 3.5

3.2.3.1 Selection of Sampling Stations 3.5

3.2.3.2 Parameters Monitored 3.5

3.2.3.3 Sampling & Analytical Techniques Instruments Used for Sampling 3.6

3.2.4 Interpretation of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring 3.12

3.3 Noise Environment 3.13

3.3.1 Reconnaissance 3.14

3.3.1.1 Background Noise 3.14

3.3.1.2 Sources of Noise 3.14

3.3.2 Community Noise 3.15

3.3.2.1 Occupational Exposure 3.15

3.3.3 Methodology Adopted for Noise Level Observation 3.16

3.3.4 Noise Level Observations in the Study Area 3.17

3.3.5 Interpretation of Noise Level Monitoring 3.18

3.4 Water Quality Impacts 3.19

3.4.1 Surface Water Quality 3.19

3.4.1.1 Interpretation of Surface Water Analysis 3.21

3.4.2 Ground Water Quality Analysis 3.21

3.4.2.1 Interpretation of Ground Water Analysis 3.32

3.5 Land Environment 3.32

3.5.1 Hydrogeology of The Study Area 3.32

3.5.2 Mineral Reserves 3.35

3.5.3 Seismic Effect 3.35

3.5.4 Land Use Pattern 3.36

3.5.5 Soil Environment 3.39

3.6 Biological Environment 3.43

3.7 Social Impact Assessment Study 3.50

3.7.1 Objective 3.51

3.7.2 Scope 3.51

3.7.3 Approach & Methodology 3.51

3.7.4 Socio Economic Study Area 3.53

3.7.5 Project Impact Zones 3.53

3.7.6 Baseline Data and Analysis of Surveyed Villages 3.55

3.7.6.1 Desktop Review / Research 3.55

3.7.6.2 Field Survey 3.56

3.7.6.3 Data Analysis & its Interpretation 3.57



EIA Index

3

CHAPTER – 4 : Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

4.1 Introduction 4.1

4.2 Air Environment 4.1

4.2.1 Impact on Topography and Climate 4.2

4.2.1.1 Impact on Topography 4.2

4.2.1.2 Impact on Climate 4.2

4.2.2 Predictions of Impact on Air Environment 4.2

4.2.3 Sources of Air Emissions 4.3

4.3 Prediction of Impacts on Water Environment 4.9

4.3.1 Water Requirement 4.9

4.3.2 Wastewater Generation 4.10

4.3.3 Impact on Lilagarh River 4.11

4.4 Prediction of Impacts due to Noise 4.12

4.4.1 Prediction of Impact Due to the Proposed Activity 4.12

4.4.2 Prediction of Impacts on Community 4.13

4.4.3 Prediction of Impact on Occupational Health 4.13

4.4.4 Impact on Habitation, Flora & Fauna Due to Noise Levels Due to The Project

4.13

4.5 Prediction of Impacts on Land Environment 4.14

4.5.1 Possible Impact on Groundwater & Mitigation 4.14

4.5.2 Impact on Geology & Mitigation 4.15

4.5.3 Prediction of Impacts on Soil 4.15

4.6 Prediction of Impacts on Flora & Fauna and Agricultural Land 4.16

4.7 Prediction of Impacts due to Vehicular Movement 4.17

4.8 Prediction of Impacts on Socio Economic Environment 4.20

CHAPTER – 5 : Analysis of Alternatives [Technology & Site]

5.1 Alternative Technologies 5.1

5.2 Alternative sites Examined 5.1

CHAPTER – 6 : Environmental Monitoring Programme

6.1 Technical Aspects 6.1

6.1.1 Methodologies 6.1

6.1.2 Frequency & Locations of Environmental Monitoring 6.1

6.1.3 Data Analysis 6.2

6.1.4 Reporting Schedule 6.2

6.1.5 Emergency Procedures 6.3

6.1.6 Detailed Budget & Procurement Schedules 6.3

CHAPTER – 7 : Additional Studies

7.1 Risk Assessment 7.1

7.1.1 Introduction 7.1

7.1.2 Scope of Study 7.1

7.1.3 Fire Protection System 7.2



EIA Index

4

7.1.4 Methodology of MCA Analysis 7.3

7.1.5 Fire & Explosion and Toxicity Index 7.3

7.1.6 Assessment of Risk at M/s. HECBIL 7.4

7.1.6.1 Coal Handling Plant (Dust Explosion) & Coal Storage (Spont. Combustion) 7.4

7.1.7 Risk & Consequence Analysis of Fire 7.5

7.1.7.1 Effective Controls 7.5

7.2 Disaster Management Plan 7.6

7.2.1 Disasters 7.6

7.2.2 Objectives of Disaster Management of Plan 7.6

7.2.3 Emergencies 7.7

7.2.3.1 General, Industrial, Emergencies 7.7

7.2.3.2 Specific Emergencies Anticipated 7.7

7.2.3.3 Emergency Organization 7.8

7.2.3.4 Emergency Communication 7.8

7.2.3.5 Emergency Responsibilities 7.9

7.2.3.5.1 Site Controller 7.9

7.2.3.5.2 Incident Controller 7.10

7.2.3.5.3 Emergency-Coordinator, Rescue, Fire Fighting 7.10

7.2.3.5.4 Emergency-Coordinator, Medical, Mutual Aid, Rehabilitation, Transport and Communication

7.11

7.2.3.5.5 Emergency-Coordinator, Essential Services 7.11

7.2.3.5.6 General Responsibilities of Employees during an Emergency 7.12

7.2.3.6 Emergency Facilities 7.12

7.2.3.6.1 Emergency Control Centre 7.12

7.2.3.6.2 Emergency Power Supply 7.13

7.2.3.6.3 Fire Fighting Facilities 7.13

7.2.3.6.4 Location of Wind Sock 7.13

7.2.3.6.5 Emergency Medical Facilities 7.13

7.2.3.7 Emergency Actions 7.14

7.2.3.7.1 Emergency Warning 7.14

7.2.3.7.2 Emergency Shutdown 7.14

7.2.3.7.3 Evacuation of Personnel 7.14

7.2.3.7.4 All Clear Signal 7.14

7.3 Occupational Health and Surveillance 7.15

7.3.1 Occupational Health 7.15

7.3.2 Construction & Erection 7.15

7.3.3 Operation & Maintenance 7.16

7.3.4 Occupational Health 7.16

7.4 Safety Plan 7.17

7.4.1 Safety Organization 7.19

7.4.1.1 Construction and Erection Phase 7.19

7.4.1.2 Operation & Maintenance Phase 7.19

7.4.1.3 Safety Circle 7.19

7.4.2 Safety Training 7.19



EIA Index

5

7.4.3 Health and Safety Monitoring Plan 7.20

7.5 R & R Action Plan 7.20

CHAPTER – 8 : Project Benefit

8.1 Physical Infrastructure 8.1

8.2 Socio Infrastructure 8.1

8.3 Employment Potential 8.1

8.3.1 Skilled 8.1

8.3.2 Semi-Skilled 8.1

8.3.3 Unskilled 8.1

8.4 Other tangible Benefits 8.1

8.5 Socio-Economic Developmental Activities Proposed 8.2

CHAPTER – 9 : Environmental Cost Benefits

9.1 Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis 9.1

CHAPTER – 10 : Environmental Management Plan


10.2 Management during Construction phase 10.2

10.2.1 Site Preparation 10.2

10.2.2 Water Supply 10.2

10.2.3 Noise 10.2

10.2.4 Maintenance of Vehicles 10.3

10.2.5 Waste 10.3

10.2.6 Storage of Hazardous Material 10.3

10.2.7 Land Environment 10.3

10.3 Post Construction Phase 10.3

10.3.1 Air Emission Management 10.3

10.3.1.1 Fugitive Emissions 10.4

10.3.1.2 Dust Suppression System 10.4

10.3.1.3 Internal Roads 10.5

10.3.1.4 Compliance on CREP Recommendations 10.5

10.3.2 Wastewater Management Plan to Mitigate the Adverse Impacts Due to Project

10.6

10.3.3 Solid Waste Management 10.8

10.3.4 Noise Level Management 10.9

10.3.5 Land Environment 10.9

10.3.6 Measures for Improvement of Ecology 10.10

10.3.6.1 Green Belt Development 10.11

10.3.7 Rainwater Harvesting 10.13

10.4 Post Project Monitoring Strategy 10.15

10.5 Cost for Environmental Protection 10.16

10.6 Corporate Environment Policy 10.17



EIA Index

6

CHAPTER – 11 : Summary


11.2 Details About the Project 11.2

11.3 Brief Description of Process 11.3

11.4 Conclusion 11.3

CHAPTER – 12 : Disclosure of Consultant 12.1



TOR Compliance 1

Compliance made on TOR issued by MoEF&CC, New Delhi vide letter no. J-11015/364/2009-IA-II (M) dated 11th February 2016 &

29th March 2019 (TOR Validity Extension) for Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd.

Specific TORs

TOR No. TOR point TOR compliance

i. Detailed study on the impact of Ground water withdrawal on ground water due to washery use

• Water required for the proposed change in technology will be sourced from Lilagarh river (Bhawradih Anicut).

• No Ground water will be used for proposed change in technology.

• Kindly refer to Appendix - 1 for Hydrogeological study report.

ii. Detailed ground water availability study • Water required for the proposed change in technology will be sourced from Lilagarh river (Bhawradih Anicut).


• Kindly refer to Appendix - 1 for Hydrogeological study report.

iii. Coal transport by closed / covered belt conveyors to and from the new railway siding as per previous EC

• Present proposal is only change in technology in the existing plant i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY type coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type coal washery.

• There is no increase is in the production capacity. Hence there will not be any increase in the existing vehicular load due to the present proposal.

• Also, as per previous EC, condition of coal transport by closed / covered belt conveyors to and from the new railway siding is not applicable to us.

iv. Zero water discharge from washery Closed loop water system is being followed in the existing and after change in technology also same will be followed.

v. MoU with TPP for use of washery rejects Kindly refer to Appendix - 2



TOR Compliance 2


vi. Reasons for changing the washery technology from Dry to Wet process Kindly refer to page no. 2.12 of Chapter 2 of EIA report.

vii. Certified copy of compliance report to the earlier EC conditions from MoEF&CC, Regional Office, Nagpur

Kindy refer to Appendix - 3

Generic TOR for Coal Washery


i. Siting of washery is critical considering to its environmental impacts. Preference should be given to the site located at pit head; in case such a site is not available, the site should be as close to the pit head as possible and coal should be transported from mine to the washery preferably through closed conveyer belt to avoid air pollution.

• Kindly refer to page no. 5.1 of Chapter 5 of EIA report.

• HECBIL is an existing coal washery plant at Village Hindadih, Tehsil Masturi, District Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh.

• Present proposal is only change in technology in the existing plant i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY type coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type coal washery.

• Present proposal of change in technology will be carried out in the existing plant premises. Hence no alternatives have been considered.

• No additional land is envisaged for the present proposal.

• ROM Coal is being transported from SECL mine by Road to the washery in covered trucks and from the washery, washed coal is being transported in covered trucks directly to the customers and for distant consumers washed coal is being transported by rail from the own railway siding, available at Gatora (20 Kms. from the plant).

• All requisite environment protection measures such as dust suppression system, use of covered trucks for transport of raw & washed coals, development of greenbelt in the plant site as per CPCB norms, adoption of



TOR Compliance 3


zero liquid effluent discharge, etc. is being practiced and same will be continued in the present proposal also.

ii. The washery shall not be located in eco-sensitive zones areas. Existing coal washery is not located in the Eco-sensitive areas, kindly refer to page no. 2.7 of Chapter 2 of EIA report for Environmental Setting within 10 Kms. radius of the plant site.

iii. The washery should have a closed system and zero discharge. The storm drainage should be treated in settling ponds before discharging into rivers/streams/water bodies

Kindly refer to page no. 10.6 of Chapter 10 of EIA report for Waste water management plan.

iv. A thick Green belt of about 50 m width should be developed surrounding the washery.

• HECBIL is existing coal washery plant, located in a 27.42 acres of land.

• Present proposal of change in technology will be taken up in the existing plant.

• No additional land is envisaged.

• Greenbelt of 9.1 acres has been developed in the existing plant.

• 10 m wide greenbelt has already been developed surrounding the washery.

Hence greenbelt of 50 m width surrounding the washery is not possible. Kindly refer to page no. 10.13 of Chapter 10 of EIA report for Greenbelt development plan.

v. A brief description of the plant along with a layout, the specific technology used and the source of coal should be provided.

Kindly refer to page no. 2.14 – 2.17 of Chapter 2 of EIA report for description technology used and source of coal. Kindly refer to page no. 2.11 of Chapter 2 of EIA report for plant layout.

vi. The EIA-EMP Report should cover the impacts and management plan for the project of the capacity for which EC is sought and the impacts of specific activities, including the technology used and coal used, on the

Kindly refer to Chapter 10 of EIA report for Environment Management Plan.



TOR Compliance 4


environment of the area (within 10km radius), and the environmental quality of air, water, land, biotic community, etc. through collection of data and information, generation of data on impacts for the rated capacity. Cumulative impacts for air and water should be a part of EIA in case coal mine, TPP and other washeries are located within 10km radius. The EIA should also include mitigative measures needed to minimize adverse environmental impacts.

Kindly refer to page no. 2.14 of Chapter 2 of EIA report for technology used. Kindly refer to Chapter 3 of EIA report for Baseline data on Air, Water (Ground & Surface), Soil, Noise & Biological Environment.

vii. A Study Area Map of the core zone as well as the 10km area of buffer zone showing major industries / mines and other polluting sources should be submitted. These maps shall also indicate the migratory corridors of fauna, if any and areas of endangered fauna; plants of medicinal and economic importance; any ecologically sensitive areas within the 10 km buffer zone; the shortest distance from the National Park/WL Sanctuary Tiger Reserve, etc. along with the comments of the Chief Wildlife Warden of the State Government

Kindly refer to Appendix – 4 for Map showing other industries in the core zone and buffer zone.

• Only one major industry i.e. NTPC Thermal Power Plant, Sipat (3.5 Kms.) is present within the 10 Km. radius.

• There are no migratory corridors of fauna, areas where endangered fauna and plants of medicinal and economic importance in the study area.

• There are no National Parks / WL Sanctuary / Bird Sanctuary / Tiger Reserve / Elephant corridor within 15 Km. radius of the plant site.

• The nearest National Park is Guru Ghasidas National Park, Koriya District, Chhattisgarh at 181 Kms. From the plant. The nearest WL Sanctuary is Achankmar WL Sanctuary, Bilaspur district at 44 Kms. from the plant.

• There are no mines within 10 Km. radius of the plant site.

viii. Data of one-season (non-monsoon) primary- base-line data on environmental quality of air (PM10, PM2.5, SOx and NOx, Noise, Water (surface and groundwater), soil be submitted

Kindly refer to Chapter 3 of EIA report for Baseline data on Air, Water (Ground & Surface), Soil, Noise & Biological Environment.

ix. The wet washery should generally utilize mine water only. In case mine water is not available, the option of storage of rain water and its use should be examined. Use of surface water and ground water should be avoided.

• Existing coal washery is not located in the Mine area, hence mine pit water cannot be used.

• Water required for the proposed change in technology will be sourced from Lilagarh river (Bhawradih Anicut).



TOR Compliance 5



• Rain water storage structure will be constructed in the proposed project and stored water will be utilized for the coal washery.

Kindly refer to page no. 10.13 of Chapter 10 of EIA report for Rain Water Harvesting details

x. Detailed water balance should be provided. The break-up of water requirement as per different activities in the mining operations vis-a-vis washery should be given. If the source of water is from surface water and/or ground water, the same may be justified besides obtaining approval of the Competent Authority for its drawl.

Kindly refer to page no. 4.5 & 4.6 of Chapter 4 of EIA report. Kindly refer to Appendix – 5 (a) for Water Permission for 585 cum/day and Appendix – 5 (b) for Recommendation Letter Water Resources Department, Govt. of Chhattisgarh for additional allocation.

xi. The entire sequence of mineral production, transportation, handling, transfer and storage of mineral and waste, if any, and their impacts on air quality should be shown in a flow chart with specific points where fugitive emissions can arise and specific pollution control/mitigative measures proposed to be put in place. The washed coal and rejects should be transport by train as far as possible. Road transport of washed coal and rejects should generally be avoided. In case, the TPP is within 10km radius, it should be through conveyer belt. If transport by rail is not feasible because of the topography of the area, the option for transport by road be examined in detail and its impacts along with the mitigation measures should be clearly brought out in EIA/EMP report.

Kindly refer to page no. 4.12 of Chapter 4 of EIA report. Kindly refer to page no. 4.18 of Chapter 4 of EIA report for Transportation route Kindly refer to page no. 4.19 of Chapter 4 of EIA report for Traffic Study Kindly refer to Appendix – 6 for Schematic diagram showing emission sources

xii. Details of various facilities proposed to be provided in terms of parking, rest areas, canteen etc. to the personnel involved in mineral transportation, workshop and effluents/pollution load from these activities should be provided.

Kindly refer to page no. 10.2 of Chapter 10 of EIA report.

xiii. Impacts of CHP, if any, on air and water quality should also be spelt out Kindly refer to Chapter 10 of EIA report.



TOR Compliance 6


along with Action Plan.

xiv. O.M. no. J-11013/25/2014-IA.1 dated 11th August, 2014 to be followed with regard to CSR activities.

• We do here by confirm that, we will follow the above-mentioned Office Memorandum with regard to CSR activities.

• Year wise funds will be allocated for community welfare works including maintenance of roads on nearby villages/areas and other socio-economic activities.

xv. Details of Public Hearing, Notice(s) issued in newspapers, proceedings / minutes of Public Hearing, points raised by the general public and response/commitments made by the proponent along with the Action Plan and budgetary provisions be submitted in tabular form. If the Public Hearing is in the regional language, an authenticated English translation of the same should be provided. Status of any litigations / court cases filed/pending, if any, against the project should be mentioned in EIA

Kindly refer to Appendix – 11 (a) for Public Hearing proceeding and Appendix – 11 (b) for reply by management for issues raised during Public Hearing along with Action plan and budgetary provision.

xvi. Analysis of samples indicating the following be submitted: Characteristics of coal prior to washing (this includes grade of coal, other characteristics of ash, S and heavy levels of metals such as Hg, As, Pb, Cr etc). Characteristics and quantum of coal after washing. Characteristics and quantum of coal rejects

Kindly refer to Appendix – 7 for Analysis report of Raw Coal, Washed Coal and Rejects. Pertaining to quantum we hereby like to state that about 3600000 Tons/ year of ROM coal will be processed to produce 720000 Tons/ year Washed Coal and 2880000 Tons/ year Rejects.

xvii. Details of management/disposal/use of coal rejects should be provided. The rejects should be used in TPP located close to the washery as far as possible. If TPP is within a reasonable distance (10 km), transportation should be by conveyor belt. If it is far away, the transportation should be by rail as far as possible.

Kindly refer to page no. 10.8 of Chapter 10 of EIA report. Kindly refer to Appendix – 2 for MoU for utilization of washery reject

xviii. Copies of MOU/Agreement with linkages (for stand-alone washery) for the capacity for which EC is being sought should be submitted

Kindly refer to Appendix – 2 for MoU for Washery rejects & Appendix – 8 for MoU for Raw coal

xix. Corporate Environment Responsibility

a) The Company must have a well laid down Environment Policy Kindly refer to page no. 10.17 of Chapter 10 of EIA report for



TOR Compliance 7


approved by the Board of Directors. Corporate Environment Policy of company.

b) The Environment Policy must prescribe for standard operating process / procedures to bring into focus any infringements / deviation / violation of the environmental or forest norms / conditions.

c) The hierarchical system or Administrative Order of the company to deal with environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the environmental clearance conditions must be furnished.

d) To have proper checks and balances, the company should have a well laid down system of reporting of non-compliances/violations of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the company and/or shareholders or stakeholders at large

xx. A detailed action Plan for Corporate Social Responsibility for the project affected people and people living in and around the project area should be provided

Kindly refer to page no.8.2 of Chapter 8 of EIA report.

xxi. Permission of drawl of water shall be pre-requisite for consideration of EC. Kindly refer to Appendix – 5 for minutes of meeting of State Water resources Department for confirming the allocation of water from Lilagarh river (Bhawradih Anicut)

xxii. Wastewater / effluent should confirm to the effluent standards as prescribed under Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.

Kindly refer to page no. 10.6 of Chapter 6 of EIA report.

xxiii. Details of washed coal, middling and rejects along with the MoU with the end users should be submitted.

Pertaining to quantum we hereby like to state that about 3600000 Tons/ year of ROM coal will be processed to produce 720000 Tons/ year Washed Coal and 2880000 Tons/ year Rejects. Kindly refer to Appendix – 2 for MoU for Washery rejects & Appendix – 8 for MoU for Raw coal



EIA report – Chapter 1 1.1

CHAPTER – 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT

Environmental management plays a vital role in sustainable development of a country.

Recognizing its importance, the Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of India

had formulated policies and procedures governing the industrial and other developmental

activities to prevent indiscriminate exploitation of natural resources and to promote

integration of environmental concern in developmental projects.

The Ministry of Environment & Forest has made prior Environmental Clearance (EC) for

certain developmental projects mandatory through its notification issued on 14th September

2006 and its subsequent amendment.

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is systematic process to identifying, predicting,

evaluating and mitigating the biophysical, social and other relevant environmental effects

due to the proposed developmental project. It plays a vital role in providing information for

decision-making on the environmental consequences of proposed projects. It promotes

environmentally sound and sustainable development through the identification

appropriate enhancement and mitigation measures.

The setting up of coal washery unit has both positive and negative impacts on the

environment. The negative impacts include environmental degradation and adverse socio-

economic changes. It is the responsibility of the company to document the associated

positive and negative impacts, so that the attempts can be made to minimize the effects due

to the negative impacts and maximize the benefits due to the positive impacts. In this

regard, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Environmental Management Plan (EMP)

have been considered as the most important documentation in understanding the

environmental implications and safeguarding the environment.

1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT

Coal based power plants will continue to play a leading role in power generation in our

country. About 70% of country’s power is generated from coal-based power plants. The

quality of the coal plays an important role in the environmental aspects of a power plant.

1




The quality of Indian coal is mainly attributed to its origin. Due to drift origin of Indian coal,

inorganic impurities are intimately mixed in the coal matrix, resulting in difficult

beneficiation characteristics. Over 200 million tonnes of coal reach the consumers with ash

content averaging 40 percent as per the CPCB report (Clean Coal Initiatives June 2000).

Following are the Grades of coal:

GCV range

Grade Gross Calorific Value (GCV Bands) (K. Cal/Kg)

G 1 Exceeding 7000

G 2 Exceeding 6700 & not exceeding 7000
















High ash content in the coal supplied to the power plants not only poses environmental

problems but also results in poor plant performance and high cost for Operation &

Maintenance and ash disposal. Based on review undertaken by MoEF, use of

beneficiated/blended coal containing ash not more than 34 percent in power plants was

stipulated as mentioned below (Ref: GSR 560 (E) & GSR 378 (E) dated 19th September 1997

and 30th June 1998):

Benefits of Used Washed Coal

➢ Increased generation efficiency, mainly due to the reduction in energy loss as inert

material passes through the combustion process.

➢ Increased plant availability.

➢ Reduced investment costs.




➢ Reduced operation and maintenance (O&M) costs due to less wear and reduced

costs for fuel and ash handling.

➢ Energy conservation in the transportation sector and lower transportation costs.

➢ Less impurities and improved coal quality.

➢ Reduced load on the air pollution control system; and

➢ Reduction in the amount of solid waste that has to be disposed off.

About the Project

Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. is an existing plant coal washery at Hindadih

Village, Masturi Tehsil, Bilaspur District, Chhattisgarh.

The following are the details pertaining to the existing plant:

• Consent to Establish issued by CECB for 1.2 MTPA Dry type coal washery in 1264 / RO

/ RS / CECB / 2005 dated 5th August 2005. Subsequently production has been

commenced.

• A proposal has been submitted to MoEF for expanding the plant from 1.2 MTPA (Dry

type) to 2.4 MTPA (Dry type) and obtained Environmental Clearance vide no. J-

11015/190/2007-IA-II (M) Dated 24th June 2008.

• Subsequently, another proposal has been submitted to MoEF for expansion of existing

plant from 2.4 MTPA (Dry type) to 3.6 MTPA (establishment of 1x1.2 MTPA Wet type

washery) and obtained Environmental Clearance vide no. J-11015/364/2009-IA-II(M)

dated 21st May 2014.

• This EC issued on 21st May 2014 has superseded the earlier EC obtained vide no. J-

11015/190/2007-IA-II(M) Dated 24th June 2008.

• 2.4 MTPA dry type washery & 1.2 MTPA coal washery (wet type) is in operation.

Now it has been proposed to convert the existing 2.4 MTPA - DRY TYPE coal washery to

2.4 MTPA- WET TYPE coal washery to meet the customer requirement.

As per the Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change (MoEF&CC), New Delhi EIA

notification, dated 14th September and its subsequent amendments, 2006 all coal washeries

above 1.0 MTPA are classified under Category ‘A’. Form-I along with proposed draft Terms of

Reference (TOR) for EIA study & Pre - Feasibility report have been submitted to the

MoEF&CC, New Delhi. Draft EIA report has been prepared incorporating the Terms of

Reference issued by the MoEF&CC, New Delhi vide letter No. J-11015/364/2009-IA-II (M)




Dated 11th February 2016. Subsequently Public Hearing was conducted on 5th April 2017 by

Chhattisgarh Environment Conservation Board (CECB). Final EIA report has been prepared

incorporating proceeding of Public Hearing and reply to the issues raised during the Public

Hearing by management.

Pioneer Enviro Laboratories & Consultants Private Limited, Hyderabad, which is accredited

by NABET, Quality Council of India, vide certificate No. NABET/ EIA/ 1619/ RA 026, for

conducting EIA studies for coal washery projects, have prepared Environmental Impact

Assessment (EIA) report for the proposed Coal washery plant.

This report furnishes the details of location of Site, Description of the project, prevailing

baseline status w.r.t Air Environment, Water Environment, Noise Environment, Land

Environment, Flora & Fauna and Socio-economic environment. This report also helps in

identification of environmental impacts and suggesting mitigation measures to be followed

during Construction and Operation of the proposed project as a part of Environmental

Management Plan. This report also acts as guidance manual for the proponent for following

the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and for adopting post project Environmental

Monitoring Program as per statutory norms.

Project Proponent

Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. (HECBIL) is Flagship Company of Hind Energy

group of Chhattisgarh having wide interest in coal handling, washing & trading, thermal

power generation, logistics and real estate development. Today HECBIL is one of dominant

player in coal operating in mineral rich states of Orissa and Chhattisgarh. It provides all coal

services at a single window from securing linkage of coal (from Ministry of Coal and Coal

India Limited) up to delivery of coal i.e. allotment of coal, long term fuel supply agreement,

procurement of coal directly from mines, quality and quantity control, transportation,

washing, logistics and delivery at the plant of the consumer.

HECBIL is incorporated with Registrar of Companies, Gwalior as Private Limited Company

with objective of coal and other Mineral Beneficiation. The company is promoted by Shri

Pawan Kumar Agrawal engaged in various businesses and having good reputation in the

market, which was gained with good business experience.




1.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION

1.3.1 NATURE OF THE PROJECT

Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. is an existing coal washery at Village Hindadih,

Tehsil Masturi, District Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh. It is proposed for change in technology in the

existing plant i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY type coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type coal

washery.

Proposed change in technology will be carried out in the existing plant premises. Total cost

of the proposed project (for Change in technology) is Rs.12.00 Crores.

1.3.2 SIZE OF THE PROJECT

It is proposed for in change in technology in the existing plant i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY type

coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type coal washery.

Capacity of Coal Washery

EC obtained CTO details Change in technology

2.4 MTPA (Dry type)

EC accorded in

24th

June 2008 CTO issued for both 2.4 MTPA (Dry type)

& 1.2 MTPA (Wet type)

2.4 MTPA (Dry type) to

2.4 MTPA (Wet Type)

1.2 MTPA (Wet Type)

EC accorded in

21st

May 2014 No change

Total Permitted Capacity of Coal Washery: 3.6 MTPA

1.3.3 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT


Tehsil Masturi, District Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh. It is proposed for in change in technology in

the existing plant i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY type coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type coal

washery.

1.3.4 IMPORTANCE OF PROJECT

There is a lot of demand for washed coal, as it reduces the ash generation and thereby

contributing for better environment in industries such as sponge iron, power plants.

• The existing Dry process has limited scope for ash reduction.

• The misplacement of good quality coal as Rotary Discard is high if some good quality

coal is not broken inside Rotary Breaker and report to Rotary Discard. This in turn leads

to loss of yield.




• Smaller pieces of stones and shales report to the sized coal fraction leading to higher

ash in beneficiated coal and as a result the dry process is not able to maintain consistent

product quality.

• To overcome these problems enumerated above, it has been proposed to change the

beneficiation process from existing dry circuit (2.4 MTPA) to wet process (2.4 MTPA)

with Heavy Media process.

• In various tender pre-qualification technical requirement, it is clearly mentioned that

bidder should have its own coal beneficiation plant using wet technology i.e. Heavy

Media Cyclone / Heavy Media Bath.

• At present the quality of ROM coal is deteriorating day by day and in future we shall not

be able to fulfill the required ash quality to the customers.

The Heavy Media process will have the following advantages over the dry process:

• Maximum ash reduction can be achieved.

• Heavy Media process is ideally suited to treat high ash Indian Coal with high Near

Gravity Material (NGM).

• The process is capable of achieving low misplacement of good coal to rejects as well as

rejects to beneficiated product.

Technological Options

Cleaner production technologies are being used / practiced in coal washeries in India, as pre-

combustion clean coal technology, mainly focus on cleaning of coal by removing ash from

coal.

Earlier only coking coal was being washed because steel making needs coking coal of ash of

17 to 18%. The raw coal ash in Indian coking coal varies from 25 to 30%. Now-a-days,

Ministry of Environment & Forests has put restriction on the use of high ash coal in power

sectors, which necessitated priority to wash non-coking coal also.

The choice of process equipment involved in coal washing depends on factors such as the

type of coal being treated; the market requirement and the economics Continuous research

and development efforts, including trial and adoption of latest equipment/ technology are

being done.




1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of work includes a detailed characterization of the environment in an area of 10

Km. radius of the plant for various environmental parameters like Air Environment, Water

Environment, Noise Environment, Land Environment, Biological Environment, Socio-

economic aspects etc. The EIA Report is prepared based on TOR issued by EAC and Public

Hearing proceedings.

Generic Structure of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report as per the EIA

notification of the MoEF&CC, GoI dated 14th September 2006 and its subsequent

amendments is detailed below:

Chapter No. EIA Structure

1. Introduction

2. Project Description

3. Description of the Environment

4. Anticipated Environmental Impact & Mitigation Measures

5. Analysis of Alternatives (Technology & Site)

6. Environmental Monitoring Program

7. Additional Studies

8. Project Benefits

9. Environmental Cost – Benefit Analysis

10. Environmental Management Plan (EMP)

11. Summary & Conclusion

12. Disclosure of Consultant engaged




1.5 ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE PROCESS (Category – A Projects)




CHAPTER – 2

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 TYPE OF PROJECT



existing plant i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY type coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type coal washery.

Proposed change in technology will be carried out in the existing plant premises. Total cost of

the proposed project (i.e. for Change in technology) is Rs.12.00 Crores.

2.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT


• The misplacement of good quality coal as Rotary Discard is high if some good quality coal

is not broken inside Rotary Breaker and report to Rotary Discard. This in turn leads to loss

of yield.

• Smaller pieces of stones and shales report to the sized coal fraction leading to higher ash

in beneficiated coal and as a result the dry process is not able to maintain consistent

product quality.


beneficiation process from existing dry circuit (2.4 MTPA) to wet process (2.4 MTPA) with

Heavy Media process.




• At present the quality of ROM coal is deteriorating day by day and in future we shall not

be able to fulfill the required ash quality to the customers.



• Heavy Media process is ideally suited to treat high ash Indian Coal with high Near Gravity

Material (NGM).

2






As per MOEF vide Notification GSR 560 (E) & GSR 378 (E) dated 19th September 1997 and 30th

June 1998, use of beneficiated / blended coal containing ash not more than 34 percent in

power plants was stipulated for:

• Power plants located beyond 1000 kms from pit head.

• Power plants located in critically polluted areas, urban areas and in ecologically

sensitive areas.

Benefits of Using Washed Coal

• Increased generation efficiency, mainly due to the reduction in energy loss as inert

material passes through the combustion process.

• Increased plant viability.

• Reduced investment costs.

• Reduced operation and maintenance (O&M) costs due to less wear and reduced costs

for fuel and ash handling

• Energy conservation in the transportation sector and lower transportation costs

• Less impurities and improved coal quality

• Reduced load on the air pollution control system; and

• Reduction in the amount of ash that has to be disposed off

Technological Options

Clean coal technologies are being practiced in coal washeries in India, as pre-combustion

clean coal technology, mainly focus on cleaning of coal by removing ash from coal.

Earlier only coking coal was being washed because steel making needs coking coal of ash of

17 to 18%. The raw coal ash in Indian coking coal varies from 25 to 30%. Now-a-days, Ministry

of Environment, Forests & Climate Change has put restriction on the use of high ash coal in

power sectors, which necessitated priority to wash non-coking coal also.




2.3 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT



existing plant i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY type coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type coal washery.

Proposed change in technology will be carried out in the existing plant premises. Following

are the coordinates of the project site:

Table No. 2.1 : Coordinates of the project site

Point No. Coordinates

1. 22° 9'25.82"N 82°20'29.95"E

2. 22° 9'27.69"N 82°20'31.42"E

3. 22° 9'40.37"N 82°20'26.67"E

4. 22° 9'48.71"N 82°20'27.09"E

5. 22° 9'50.17"N 82°20'21.87"E

6. 22° 9'47.62"N 82°20'19.18"E

7. 22° 9'39.88"N 82°20'16.71"E

8. 22° 9'35.68"N 82°20'22.60"E

9. 22° 9'31.46"N 82°20'26.43"E




Fig.2.1: Coordinates on the topo map




Fig.2.2: Greenbelt Photographs




Fig.2.3: Plant Photographs



EIA report - Chapter 2 2.7

2.3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING WITHIN 10 Km. RADIUS OF THE PROJECT SITE

[Gen. TOR # ii]

Table No. 2.2 : Salient Features / environmental features within the 10 Km. radius of the project

site

S.No. Salient Features / Environmental features Distance w.r.t. site / Remarks

1. Type of Land Industrial land

2. Type of Land (Study Area) As per LULC the land use within 10 Km. is as follows: Settlements – 1.9 %; Industrial Area – 4.2 %; Tank / River / Canal etc. – 9.1 %; Forest – 14.2 %, Single crop land – 60.0 %; Double Crop – 4.1 %; Land with scrub – 2.1 %; Land without scrub – 2.4 %; Mining area – 1.9 %; Stony waste area – 0.1 %

3. National Park/ Wild life sanctuary / Biosphere reserve / Tiger Reserve / Elephant Corridor / migratory routes for Birds

Nil

4. Historical places / Places of Tourist importance / Archeological sites

Nil

5. Industrial areas / cluster (MoEF office memorandum dated 13th January 2010)

Nil

6. Defence Installations Nil

7. Nearest village Bhadrapara – 0.5 Km. (W)

8. No. of Villages in the Study Area 42

9. Nearest Hospital Sipat – 5.0 Kms. (SW)

10. Nearest School Hindadih – 0.8 Kms. (SW)

11. Forests Bitkuli Reserve Forest (0.5 Kms.) & Dalha Protected Forest (6.0 Kms.)

12. Water body Lilagarh river – 3.3 Kms. Kurung Left Bank Canal – 5.0 Kms. No River / Stream passes through the proposed project site.

13. List of Industries / Mining activity M/s. NTPC Sipat

14. Nearest Highway Nil

15. Nearest Railway station Nil

16. Nearest Port facility Nil

17. Nearest Airport Nil

18. Nearest Interstate Boundary No interstate boundary within 10 Km radius of the project site. (Nearest interstate boundary is Madhya Pradesh at a distance of 84.0 kms. from the Project site)

19. Seismic zone as per IS-1893 Seismic zone – I



EIA report - Chapter 2 2.8

S.No. Salient Features / Environmental features Distance w.r.t. site / Remarks

20. R & R There is no rehabilitation and resettlement issue, as there are no habitations present in the site area.

21. Litigation / court case is pending against the proposed project / proposed site and or any direction passed by the court of law against the project

Nil

2.4 DETAILS OF LAND

Existing plant is located in an area of 27.42 acres (11.1 Ha.) of land and present proposal of

change in technology will be taken up in the existing plant premises only.

Khasra no. of the 27.42 acres of land are 48, 51, 55/2, 55/5, 55/6, 55/7, 62/1, 55/1, 55/3, 53,

63, 6/1, 1/16, 1/2, 1/15, 3/2, 15/2, 16/7, 40/2 & 226/9 at Village Hindadih, Tehsil Masturi,

District Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh. Kindly refer to Appendix – 9 for land documents.

Table No. 2.3 : Land use statement of project site

S.No. Description Area (in Acres)

1. Main Plant Area 9.0

2. Raw Coal Storage Yard 3.3

3. Washed Coal Storage Yard 1.7

4. Rejects storage 1.4

5. Water Storage and Rain Water Harvesting 0.5

6. Parking & Internal Roads 2.42

7. Green Belt 9.1 TOTAL 27.42

Fig. 2.4 : Diagram showing Land use statement




HECBIL (Hindadih)

Fig. 2.5 : General Location of Project site




Plant site

Fig. 2.6 : Topographical Map




Fig. 2.7 : Plant Layout




2.5 SIZE / MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION

Present proposal is only change in technology in the existing plant i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY

type coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type coal washery. The plant will be operated for a

maximum of 300 days in a year.

Table No. 2.4 : Plant Configuration & Production Capacity



2.4 MTPA (Dry type)

E.C. accorded in

24th




2.4 MTPA (Wet Type)

1.2 MTPA (Wet Type)

E.C. accorded in

21st

May 2014 No change


2.6 JUSTIFICATION OF CHANGE IN TECHNOLOGY FROM DRY TYPE TO WET TYPE

[Sp. TOR # vi]


• The misplacement of good quality coal as Rotary Discard is high if some good quality

coal is not broken inside Rotary Breaker and report to Rotary Discard. This in turn leads

to loss of yield.

• Smaller pieces of stones and shales report to the sized coal fraction leading to higher

ash in beneficiated coal and as a result the dry process is not able to maintain consistent

product quality.


beneficiation process from existing dry circuit (2.4 MTPA) to wet process (2.4 MTPA)

with Heavy Media process.




• At present the quality of ROM coal is deteriorating day by day and in future we shall

not be able to fulfill the required ash quality to the customers.






• Heavy Media process is ideally suited to treat high ash Indian Coal with high Near

Gravity Material (NGM).



2.6.1 COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF DRY & WET PROCESS

Table No. 2.5 : Comparative Evaluation of Dry & Wet Process

S.No. Parameter EXISTING

2.4 MTPA Coal Washery (Dry Process) & 1.2 MTPA

Coal Washery (wet process for which

Consent to Operate has been accorded and is

operational)

PROPOSED

2.4 MTPA Coal Washery (wet type)

&

1.2 MTPA Coal washery

(Wet process)

Remarks

1 Land 27.42 acres 27.42 acres No change in land due to conversion of 2.4 MTPA Dry type to wet type washery.

2 Quality of washed coal

Dry process has limited scope for ash reduction

Wet process: Maximum ash

reduction can be achieved as per the

requirement of various customer

Wet process gives better ash reduction to suit to the customer requirement

3 Consistent product quality

Not possible Possible Wet process is suited for customers with requirement for consistent product quality

4 Yield Lesser yield as good quality coal may report as

Rotary Breaker Discard.

Better yield, as no such loss of good

quality coal

Better yield with Wet Process

5 Particulate emission

More Less Wet process will have lesser PM

6 Total water requirement

610 KLD

(water drawl permission obtained from water

resources Department, Govt. of Chhattisgarh

Additional 475 KLD due to conversion from DRY to WET

type.

Total water requirement after proposed request for amendment will be 1085 cum/day. Water collected through RWH will be recycled. This will reduce the water requirement.




2.7 PROJECT COST

Total cost of the proposed project (for Change in technology) is Rs.12.00 Crores.

2.8 PROPOSED SCHEDULE FOR APPROVAL AND IMPLEMENTATION

The proposed project will be implemented in 12 months from the date of issue of

Environmental Clearance from MoEF&CC and NOC from CECB.

2.9 TECHNOLOGY AND PROCESS DESCRIPTION [Gen. TOR # v & vi]

2.9.1 RAW MATERIAL (SOURCE OF COAL)

The following will be the raw material requirement for proposed project:

Table No. 2.6 : Raw Material & its source

S.No. Raw Material

Quantity (MTPA)

Source

1. Raw Coal 3.6 Coal will be sourced from SECL mines namely Deepka, Gevra, Kusmunda and other mines

[on DO basis]

2.9.2 RAW MATERIAL STORAGE & TRANSPORT

STORAGE OF RAW COAL, WASHED COAL & WASHERY REJECTS

• Coal stock yard (Raw coal, Washed coal & Washery rejects) will be kept in Storage yard

with pucca platform above ground level provided with wind shields / wind breaking

walls.

• Garland drains will be provided all-round the storage yard. The runoff water from the

yard will enter into garland drain and will be collected in settling tank. The supernatant

will be utilised in the process.

MODE OF TRANSPORTATION

• The ROM coal from SECL mines mainly from Deepka, Gevra, Kusmunda and other

mines is being transported by Road / Rail and same practice will be followed in the

present proposal also.

• Washed coal and Washery rejects is being transported to parties through Road / Rail

and same practiced will be followed in the present proposal also.




• Rail transportation is being served from own Railway Siding at Ghatora (20.0 Kms. –

by road) and same will be used for present proposal also.

• Transportation of Raw Coal from the SECL mines in the region depends on their rail

connectivity, availability of rakes for short distance and permission from SECL to do

so.

• Transportation to the nearby client and those not linked to rail network will be by

Road.

• Washed coal from the plant is being transported by Rail / road in covered trucks

directly to the customer and same will be continued in the present proposal. The mode

of transport of washed coal will depend on the MoU with the customers who may

have either road transport or rail transport.

• All the trucks used for transportation of raw materials is being covered and same

practiced will be followed.

• Total nos. of trucks required for the transportation of Raw Coal, Washed and Rejects

for entire 3.6 MTPA will be 960 per day.

All the trucks required for transportation of coal will be covered and environmentally

compliant. Pucca road exist upto the site. The existing road is capable of absorbing truck

movement.

Table No. 2.7 : List of customer to whom washed coal

S.No. Name of Company Quantity

1. M/s. Adani Power Maharashtra Ltd. 3300 MW Tiroda Thermal Power Plant Gondia District, Maharashtra

46100 MT

2. M/s. Dhariwal Infrastructure Ltd. 2 x 300 MW Thermal Power Chandrapur District, Maharashtra

On DO basis / Allocation basis

3. M/s. Nabha Power Ltd. Rajpura Thermal Power Project, Patiala District, Punjab

On DO basis / Allocation basis

4. M/s. Rajasthan Rajya Vidyut Utpadan Nigam Ltd. Chhabra Thermal Power Baran District, Rajasthan

1.2 MTPA

5. M/s. Sarda Energy & Minerals Ltd. Steel & Power Plant, Raipur District, Chhattisgarh

0.79 MTPA

Copy of MoU with above company is enclosed as Appendix– 8.




2.9.3 PROCESS OF COAL WASHERY [Gen. TOR # v]

• Sized Raw Coal [(-) 50 mm] from crushing and screening plant shall be transported to

an intermediate storage bunker.

• From the intermediate storage bunker, sized raw coal will be fed to the Washing Plant

building through belt conveyor. The sized raw coal will be fed into a Banana Screen.

• The first part of Banana Screen will dry screen raw coal at 8 mm to separate (–)8 mm

fraction which will be taken to a ground dump and will be mixed with washed coal.

The second part of the banana screen will wet screen the raw coal at (–)1 mm for

desliming.

• The deslimed coal [coarser fraction of (-)50 (+)1mm] goes to the HM Bath / HM

Cyclone process. The magnetite media of required specific gravity will be added in the

heavy media process to get mixed with the coal.

• The HM Bath / HM Cyclone will have overflow and underflow. The washed coal along

with magnetite media will be received as overflow, from the HM Bath / HM Cyclone

and will be fed to a set of washed coal sieve bend and Washed Coal Drain & Rinsing

Screen.

• The Magnetite media separated through sieve bend and first part of the screen and

will be collected in the screen’s dense under pans. The same will be circulated back to

the system.

• The carried away magnetite with the coal particles are removed by water spraying in

the discharge part of the screens.

• The magnetite removed from coal by water spraying will be collected in the dilute

catch pan of screen as dilute media. The magnetite from dilute media will be

recovered through Wet Drum Magnetic Separator.

• The washed coal collected at discharge end of screen will then be transported to

storage bunker through belt conveyor.

• The reject from the HM Bath / HM Cyclone will be fed to a drain and rinsing screen to

take out the media and then transported to the bunker through belt conveyor.

• The underflow from desliming screen collected in the fine coal sump will be pumped

to a back to classifying cyclone. The underflow of classifying cyclone will be dewatered

in High Frequency screen.




• The overflow of classifying cyclone will be taken to the Thickener. Effluent from High

Frequency Screen will also be taken to the Thickener.

• The clarified water from the thickener overflow will be recycled as process water and

fed to the plant.

• Thickener underflow will be sent to cascading type settling pond.

• Clarified water from settling pond shall be pumped back to plant as process water.

• The settled solid (fine coal) from the settling pond shall be mixed with washed coal.

The production process flow chart is enclosed as Fig 2.8

2.9.4 CHARACTERISTICS & QUANTUM OF ROM COAL, WASHED COAL AND COAL WASHERY

REJECTS

S.No. Parameters ROM Coal Washed Coal Rejects

1. Ash % 40 – 44 32 - 34 60 - 70

2. Moisture % Total 8.50 12.00 10.00

Inherent 6.50 7.00 4.50

3. GCV (Kcal/Kg) 3400 - 3600 4000 - 4400 2000 - 2400

4. Volatile Matter % 22 - 24 24 - 27 12 – 14

5. Fixed carbon % 29 - 32 35 - 39 15 - 20

6. Yield % 100 80 20

7. Quantity (TPA) 36,00,000 28,80,000 7,20,000

8. Sulphur % 0.35 0.30 0.50

9. Mercury (As Hg), Mg/Kg <0.10 <0.10 <0.10

2.9.5 MATERIAL BALANCE

INPUTS OUTPUTS

S.No. Item Quantity (TPA) Item Quantity (TPA)

1 Raw Coal 36,00,000 Washed Coal 28,80,000

2 Washery Rejects 7,20,000

Total 36,00,000 Total 36,00,000




Fig. 2.8 : Process Flow Diagram




2.10 ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION MEASURES

2.10.1 AIR EMISSION CONTROL

➢ Water is being sprayed at all strategic coal transfer points such as conveyors, loading

unloading points etc. and same will be continued in the present proposal.

➢ Conveyors, transfer points etc. are already provided with enclosures.

➢ The crusher of the coal washery is provided with enclosures, fitted with Dust extraction

system followed by Bag filters and finally emitted through a stack.

➢ Water sprinkling by using fine atomizer nozzles arrangement are provided on the coal

heaps and on land around the crushers and same will be continued in the present

proposal also.

➢ Internal roads are being asphalted.

➢ Green belt is being developed along the road side, coal handling plant, all around the

boundary line of the coal washery.

➢ Storage yard, hoppers, rubber decks in chutes and centrifugal chutes are provided with

proper rubber linings and same will be continued in the present proposal also.

➢ Vehicles movement in the coal washery area is regulated effectively to avoid traffic

congestion. High pressure horn is prohibited and same is maintained.

➢ Smoke emission from heavy duty vehicle operating in the coal washery are confirmed

with the standards prescribed under Motor Vehicle Rules 1989.

➢ All the CREP recommendations are being followed.

2.10.2 WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT

➢ Closed loop water system is being practiced in the existing plant wet washery.

➢ Closed loop water system will be implemented in the present proposal also. Hence

there will not be any waste water generation from process.

➢ As it is proposed to install Heavy media based Coal Washery, in which water after

washing of coal (waste water) will be recycled back.

➢ The efficiency of settling pond of the waste water system will be 95 %.

➢ Sanitary waste is being treated in septic tank by Sub-surface dispersion trench and

same will be practiced in the present proposal.

➢ The effluent from the plant is sent to the thickener and flocculants are settlement of

suspended solids and helps to give a clearer overflow.




➢ The settled solids are collected at the bottom cone of the thickener tank.

➢ The solids which are collected in the bottom of the thickener are pumped to the

multirole belt press for reclamation of water. The solid dried cake is blended with

rejects.

➢ The overflow of the thickener which is clear water is being recycled.

➢ The proposed plant is a zero-effluent plant and the process selected ensures reduction

in dust generation and emission.

➢ All the MoEF&CC norms/CREP recommendations for coal washeries are being

implemented in the proposed project.

2.10.3 NOISE MANAGEMENT

The major noise levels is being confined to the working zones of the plant and same will be

continued in the present proposal also. High noise horn is prohibited. Ear plugs are bring

provided to all employees who are entering the noise prone areas. Extensive greenbelt

proposed will help in further attenuating the noise levels.

2.10.4 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

Washery rejects is main solid waste generated from the proposed coal washery unit and is

being given to rejects based power plant. Washery rejects of 0.72 MTPA will be given to

Power plant of M/s. Prakash Industries Ltd., Janjgir – Champa District, Chhattisgarh.

MoU copy for supply of washery rejects to the above customer is enclosed as Appendix - 2.

Hence there will not be any adverse impact on land environment due to the solid waste

generation.

2.10.5 GREENBELT DEVLOPMENT

10 M wide greenbelt around the plant is being developed all around the plant as per CPCB

guidelines in 9.1 acres of land and same will be maintained.




2.10.6 INTERNAL ROADS

All Internal roads are being asphalted to prevent the fugitive dust emission due to vehicular

movement.

2.11 ASSESSMENT OF NEW & UNTESTED TECHNOLOGY FOR THE RISK OF TECHNOLOGICAL

FAILURE

Coal washery technologies are well proven all over the world. Hence there will not be any

risk of technological failure from this plant.




CHAPTER – 3

DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT (BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS)

3.1 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS [Gen. TOR # vi & viii]

This chapter gives an idea and description of environmental status of the study area with

reference to the prominent environmental attributes. The main objective of describing the

environment is to assess present environmental quality & the environmental impacts. The

study area 10 Km. radius of the plant site falls is covered in Survey of India Toposheet No.

64 J/8.

The impact identification always commences with the collection of baseline data such as

ambient air quality, ground water quality, surface water quality, noise levels, land

environment, land use pattern, flora & fauna and socio economic aspects with in the study

zone of 10 Km. radius during March 2016 to May 2016.

3.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT

3.2.1 METEOROLOGY

Meteorology of the study area plays an important role in the air pollution studies. The

prevailing micro meteorological conditions at the site will regulate the dispersion and

dilution of air pollutants in the atmosphere. The predominant wind directions and the wind

speed will decide the direction and distance of the most affected zone from the proposed

activity. The meteorological data collected during the monitoring period is very useful in

interpretation of baseline as input for dispersion models for predicting the Ground Level

Concentrations (GLC).

3.2.2 METEOROLOGICAL DATA RECORDED AT PLANT

A Temporary Weather Monitoring Station was installed at the project site and temperature,

relative humidity, wind direction, wind speed, rainfall, etc. were recorded for one season

March 2016 to May 2016..

3




Cloud cover

During the study period, it was observed that no clouds have seen & sky is very clear.

Rainfall

The average annual rainfall of the district is 1082 mm (Source: CGWB). There is no rainfall

recorded during the study period.

Temperature

The maximum temperature recorded was 46.1 0C and the minimum temperature was 19.6

0C.

Relative Humidity

The relative humidity’s he site at are ranging from 37% to 65%.

Wind Pattern at Project Site during the study period

Wind rose from IMD has been collected for Raipur (Mana), Chhattisgarh (Nearest IMD

station).

Weather monitoring station has been established at site to collect Meteorological data.

Wind speed and direction are recorded at site every hour.

The wind rose shows that winds are predominantly blowing from SW to NE direction. The

wind rose diagram of winter season is shown in fig 3.1




TABLE 3.2.1: 24 Hourly Site Specific Micro-Meteorological Data

S.No. Time Wind Direction

Wind Speed (m/s)

Ambient Temp.

(Kelvin)

Stability Class

Mixing Height (m)

1 1:00:00 CALM 0.0 292.6 6 100

2 2:00:00 CALM 0.0 293.1 6 200

3 3:00:00 CALM 0.0 296.5 6 250

4 4:00:00 N 1.1 302.2 6 600

5 5:00:00 SW 1.5 305.5 6 800

6 6:00:00 W 2.5 308.4 6 900

7 7:00:00 NE 3.2 309.8 2 1000

8 8:00:00 SW 2.8 311.6 3 1100

9 9:00:00 N 1.3 312.9 2 1200

10 10:00:00 S 1.3 314.4 2 1300

11 11:00:00 SW 2.2 315.7 2 1200

12 12:00:00 NW 4.2 316.5 2 1000

13 13:00:00 W 5.1 317.2 1 1200

14 14:00:00 SW 3.3 319.1 1 1400

15 15:00:00 SWW 2.2 318.7 1 1200

16 16:00:00 SE 4.2 316.3 2 1400

17 17:00:00 SW 7.1 313.5 2 900

18 18:00:00 NE 4.2 311.7 3 800

19 19:00:00 SW 2.3 309.1 4 600

20 20:00:00 W 1.5 305.6 4 500

21 21:00:00 SW 1.6 300.9 6 250

22 22:00:00 N 1.3 298.8 6 300

23 23:00:00 SW 1.1 296.0 6 400

24 0:00:00 CALM 0.0 293.1 6 200




3.2.3 AIR QUALITY

The ambient air quality with respect to the study zone of 10 km. radius around the project

site forms the baseline information. The study area represents mostly rural environment.

The various sources of air pollution in the region are vehicular traffic, dust arising from

unpaved village roads & domestic fuel burning. The Prime objective of baseline air quality

survey is to assess the existing air quality of the area. This will also be useful is assessing the

conformity to standards of the ambient air quality during the operation of the proposed

project.

3.2.3.1 SELECTION OF SAMPLING STATIONS

The base line status of the ambient air quality can be assessed through scientifically

designed Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Network.

The selection of sampling locations in the air quality surveillance programme is based on the

following:

(a) Representation of the project site.

(b) Representation of down wind direction.

(c) Representation of upwind direction.

(d) Representation of cross wind direction.

(e) Representation of Industrial area.

(f) Representation of sensitive receptors.

8 nos. of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations were established with in the study zone of

the plant area in accordance with CPCB guidelines.

The sampling locations and their distances are shown in Table 3.1.2 and in Fig 3.2. The Max.,

Min., and 98th percentile values for all the sampling locations for PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NOX

are shown in Table 3.1.3 to 3.1.10.

3.2.3.2 PARAMETERS MONITORED

Ambient air quality was monitored for 2 days in a week for three months (March 2016 to

May 2016) to assess the existing status of air pollution and pollution dispersion pattern over

the whole air basin of plant as per the National Ambient Air Quality Standards vide No. S.

No. 826 (E) dated 16th November, 2009.




At each Monitoring Particulate Matter (PM2.5), Particulate Matter (PM10), SO2 & NOX are

monitored.

3.2.3.3 SAMPLING & ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES INSTRUMENTS USED FOR SAMPLING

APM 550 dust sampler is used for monitoring PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOx. PM10 & PM2.5 are

estimated by Gravimetric method, EPA Modified West & Gaeke method (IS –5182, part III

1969) has been adopted for estimation of SO2, Arsenite modified Jacob – Hochheiser

method (IS –5182, part IV, 1975) has been adopted for estimation of NOx.

Calibration

Calibration charts have been prepared for all gaseous pollutants. The Calibration is carried

out when new absorbing solutions are prepared.

TABLE 3.2.2

TECHNIQUES USED FOR AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING

S.No Parameter Technique Minimum Detectable Limit

(g /m3)

1. Particulate Matter (PM2.5) APM 550 dust sampler (Gravimetric Method)

5.0

2. Particulate Matter (PM10) Respirable Dust Sampler (Gravimetric Method)

5.0

3. SO2 EPA Modified West & Gaeke method

4.0

4. NOx Arsenite modified Jacob & Hochheiser

4.5

TABLE 3.2.3

AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS

S.No STATION DIRECTION DISTANCE (in Kms.) CRITERIA FOR SELECTION

1. Plant Site --- --- Represents the Plant Site

2. Kalmadih NE 1.3 Represents downwind direction

3. Juhli NE 3.2 Represents downwind direction

4. Dhaniya SE 2.0 Represents Crosswind direction

5. Darrabhata SW 4.5 Represents Upwind direction

6. Hindadih SW 1.0 Represents Upwind direction

7. Bhadrapara W 0.5 Represents Upwind direction &

nearest residential receptor

8. Sipat SWW 6.5 Represents Commercial area




Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Station

(10 Kms. radius)

Monitoring Station

Hindadih

Bhadrapara Plant Site

Juhli

Sipat

Darrabhata

Kalmadih

Dhaniya




TABLE 3.2.4

Sampling Location: Plant Site

Unit : g /m3

Sampling Period: March 2016 to May 2016

Parameter Maximum Minimum 98th percentile Standard as per NAAQS

PM2.5 38.7 27.2 38.7 60

PM10 64.5 45.3 64.5 100

SO2 19.8 17.5 19.8 80

NOX 21.5 18.9 21.5 80

CO 675 610 675 2000

TABLE 3.2.5

Sampling Location: Kalmadih

Unit : g /m3



PM2.5 24.2 18.9 24.2 60

PM10 40.3 31.6 40.3 100

SO2 12.3 11.3 12.3 80

NOX 14.6 12.5 14.6 80

CO 435 395 435 2000

TABLE 3.2.6

Sampling Location: Juhli

Unit : g /m3



PM2.5 22.5 18.1 22.5 60

PM10 38.9 31.2 38.9 100

SO2 11.6 10.5 11.6 80

NOX 12.9 10.8 12.9 80

CO 415 385 415 2000

TABLE 3.2.7

Sampling Location: Dhaniya

Unit : g /m3



PM2.5 28.1 24.7 28.1 60

PM10 46.9 41.3 46.9 100

SO2 15.4 13.8 15.4 80

NOX 17.9 14.3 17.9 80

CO 515 495 515 2000




TABLE 3.2.8

Sampling Location: Darrabhata

Unit : g /m3



PM2.5 25.5 23.3 25.5 60

PM10 42.6 38.9 42.6 100

SO2 13.5 11.3 13.5 80

NOX 16.5 12.5 16.5 80

CO 475 450 475 2000

TABLE 3.2.9

Sampling Location: Hindadih

Unit : g /m3



PM2.5 28.1 24.7 28.1 60

PM10 44.5 39.5 44.5 100

SO2 14.9 12.3 14.9 80

NOX 16.8 13.2 16.8 80

CO 510 505 510 2000

TABLE 3.2.10

Sampling Location: Bhadrapara

Unit : g /m3



PM2.5 25.3 24.1 25.3 60

PM10 42.3 40.3 42.3 100

SO2 14.6 12.5 14.6 80

NOX 15.5 13.5 15.5 80

CO 470 455 470 2000

TABLE 3.2.11

Sampling Location: Sipat

Unit : g /m3



PM2.5 36.2 26.2 36.2 60

PM10 60.3 43.6 60.3 100

SO2 17.3 15.6 17.3 80

NOX 19.4 16.5 19.4 80

CO 620 605 620 2000




BAR DIAGRAMS SHOWING THE SUMMARY OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY DATA




3.2.4 INTERPRETATION OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING

The 98th percentile PM2.5 concentration recorded at the Plant site is 38.7 g /m3.

The 98th percentile PM10 concentration recorded at the Plant site is 64.5 g /m3.

The 98th percentile SO2 concentration recorded at the Plant site is 19.8 g/m3.

The 98th percentile NOx concentration recorded at the Plant site is 21.5 g/m3.

The 98th percentile CO concentration recorded at the Plant site is 675 g /m3.

The highest 98th percentile PM2.5 concentration was recorded at Plant site with a value of

38.7 g/m3.

The highest 98th percentile PM10 concentration was recorded at Plant site with a value of

64.5 g/m3.

The highest 98th percentile SO2 concentration was recorded at Plant site with a value of

19.8 g/m3.

The highest 98th percentile NOx concentration was recorded at Plant site with a value of

21.5 g/m3.

The highest 98th percentile CO concentration was recorded at Plant site with a value of

675 g/m3.




The highest concentrations are recorded at Plant Site due to Industrial activity.

Ambient air quality was monitored for PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx & CO at 8 stations including

project site during March 2016 to May 2016. The following are the concentrations of

various parameters at the monitoring stations:

Table 3.2.12 : AAQ data summary

Parameter Concentration

PM2.5 : 18.1 to 38.7 g/m3

PM10 : 31.2 to 64.5 g/m3

SO2 : 10.5 to 19.8 g/m3

NOX : 10.8 to 21.5 g/m3

CO : 385 to 675 g/m3

The concentrations of various parameters are within the NAAQS Standards. There is

marginal increase in emissions due to the proposed expansion project due to the

emissions from Stack, Fugitive emissions, Vehicular Emissions the over baseline

concentrations. The net resultant incremental GLCs are calculated and furnished in page

no. 4.4 of Chapter # 4.

3.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT

The physical description of sound concerns its loudness as a function of frequency. Noise

in general is sound, which is composed of many frequency components of various

loudness distributed over the audible frequency range. Various noise scales have been

introduced to describe, in a single number, the response of an average human being to a

complex sound made up various frequencies at different loudness levels. The most

common and heavily favoured of those scales is the A weighted decibel (dBA). This is

more suitable for audible range of 20 to 20,000 Hertz. The scale has been designed to

weigh various components of noise according to the response of a human ear.

The impact of noise sources on surrounding community depends on

• Characteristics of noise sources (instantaneous, intermittent or continuous in

nature). It is well known that steady noise not as annoying as one that is

continuously varying in loudness.

• The time, at which noise occurs, for example loud noise levels at night in

residential areas are not acceptable because of sleep disturbance.




• The location of the noise source, with respect to noise sensitive area, which

determines the loudness and period of noise exposure.

The environmental impact of noise can have several effects varying from Noise Induced

Hearing Loss (NIHL) to annoyance depending on loudness of Noise levels.

The environmental impact assessment of noise from the proposed project can be carried

out by taking into consideration of various factors: potential damage to hearing,

potential physiological responses, and annoyance and general community responses.

The main objective of noise level monitoring is to assess the background noise levels in

different zones viz., industrial, commercial, residential and silence zones within the study

area.

The basic studies conducted were

a. Assessment of background noise levels.

b. Identification and monitoring the major noise generating sources in the study

area.

c. Impact of noise on general population in the study zone of 10 Km. radius.

3.3.1 RECONNAISSANCE

Noise levels were measured at different locations within 10 Km. radius of the plant such

as villages, bus stands etc.

3.3.1.1 BACKGROUND NOISE

Baseline noise data has been measured at different locations using A-weighted sound

pressure level meter. The equivalent day-night noise levels in the study zone are ranging

from 45.3 dBA to 63.8 dBA.

3.3.1.2 SOURCES OF NOISE

Typical considerations in environmental noise assessment can be divided into two

categories; one is related to noise sources and the other related to potential receiver.

Two quantities are needed to describe completely the strength of the source. They are

sound Power level and directivity. Sound Power levels measures the total sound Power

radiated by the source in all directions where as directivity is a measure of difference in




radiation with direction. This concept of sound Power level and directivity index makes it

possible to calculate the sound pressure level created by the source.

3.3.2 COMMUNITY NOISE

The ambient noise level is characterized by significant variations above a base or a

residual noise level. The residual noise level is that level below which the ambient noise

does not seem to drop during a given time interval and is generally caused by the

unidentified distant sources. It differs in rural and urban areas. At night, its level is low

due to lesser elements of noise. The annoyance that people experience depends upon

the number of noise elements that produce noise concurrently at a given time that occur

during a time interval.

The noise rating developed by EPA for specification of community noise from all sources

is the day night sound level, Ldn. It is similar to a 24 hour equivalent sound level except

that during the night period, which extends from 09.00 p.m. to 6.00 a.m. A 10 dBA

weighing penalty is added to the account for the fact that noise at night when people are

trying to sleep is judged more annoying than the same noise during the day time.

The Ldn for a given location in a community is calculated from an hourly equivalent

sound level given by the following equation.

Ldn =10 log (1/24 [15 (10(Ld/10) + 9 (10(Ln+10)/10 )] )

Where Ld is the equivalent noise level during day time (6A .M. to 9 P.M.)

Ln is the equivalent noise level during night time (9 P.M. to 6 A.M.)

3.3.2.1 OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE

To assess the magnitude of impact due to noise sources, it is essential to know the

following:

a. The duration of sound.

b. Distribution through the working day.

c. Overall noise levels.

d. It's composition including frequency and intensity at various intervals of time.

Other factors regarding receiver include

a. The age of the individual.




b. The sensitivity of the individual.

c. The efficiency of the protective devices used.

After characterizing the noise sources noise at receiver's location, the impact must be

assessed. The environmental impact of noise can lead to the following effects.

a. Damages the hearing capacity.

b. Interference in communication.

c. Interference with work.

d. Interference with sleep.

e. Causes annoyance.

3.3.3 METHODOLOGY ADOPTED FOR NOISE LEVEL OBSERVATION

For measurement of Ambient Noise level in the Study area, a Digital Sound Level Meter

(Make & Model: Lutron SL-4001) was used. The instrument was calibrated with a

Standard Acoustic calibrator before using in the field. The measurements were carried

out continuously for the 24-hour period to obtain hourly equivalent sound pressure level,

1 hour Leq. From these values, day and night time as well as 24-hour Leq values were

also calculated. The Leq is the equivalent continuous sound level, which is equivalent to

the same sound energy as the fluctuating sound measured in the same period.

Table No. 3.3.1 : GUIDANCE FOR ASSESSMENT OF REPRESENTATIVENESS AND RELIABILITY OF

BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL ATTRIBUTES

Attributes Sampling Measurement

Method

Remarks

Noise Network Frequency

Hourly equivalent

noise levels

Identified study

area

Once in each

season

Instrument:

Noise level meter

IS:4954-1968 as

adopted by CPCB

Hourly equivalent

noise levels

In plant

(1.5 m from

machinery)

Once Instrument:

Noise level meter

CPCB/OSHA

Hourly equivalent

noise levels

Highways Once in each

season

Instrument:

Noise level meter

CPCB/IS:4954-1968




3.3.4 NOISE LEVEL OBSERVATIONS IN THE STUDY AREA

Baseline noise levels have been monitored at different locations within the study zone of

the plant. 8 nos. of stations have been selected for measurement of noise levels and

their distances with respect to site are shown in Table 3.3.2.

TABLE 3.3.2

NOISE LEVEL MONITORING STATIONS

TABLE 3.3.3

EQUIVALENT DAY NIGHT NOISE LEVELS

S.No. STATION EQUIVALENT NOISE LEVELS (dBA) Standard

DAY NIGHT DAY-NIGHT

1. Plant Site * 63 55 63.8 Industrial *

Day time – 75 dBA

Night time – 70 dBA

Residential **

Day time – 55 dBA


Commercial areas #

Day time – 65 dBA


Silence Zone ##

Day time – 50 dBA


2. Tharakhpur ** 48 33 46.7

3. Juhli ** 45 36 45.4

4. Dhaniya 50 44 51.9

5. Sipat X Road # 60 51 60.4

6. Hindadih ## 46 34 45.3

7. Bhadrapara ** 49 38 48.6

8. NTPC Sipat Quarters ** 47 32 45.7

S.No. STATION DIRECTION w.r.t site

DISTANCE (in Kms.)

CRITERIA FOR SELECTION

1. Plant Site --- --- Represents the Plant site & Industrial

activity

2. Tharakhpur NW 2.2 Represents Residential area

3. Juhli NE 3.2 Represents Residential area

4. Dhaniya SE 2.0 Represents adjacent to

District Road

5. Sipat X Road SW 5.2 Represents Commercial area (Junction

Road)

6. Hindadih SW 1.0 Represents Silence zone (School)

7. Bhadrapara W 0.5 Represents nearest residential area

8. NTPC Sipat Quarters

SWW 6.5 Represents Township area




3.3.5 INTERPRETATION OF NOISE LEVEL MONITORING

• *The noise levels monitored at Existing Plant are within the norms prescribed for

Industrial Zone.

• # The noise levels monitored at Sipat X Road are within the norms prescribed for

Commercial Zone.

• ## The noise levels monitored at Silence zone (i.e. Hindadih School) are within the norms

prescribed for Silence Zone.

• The noise levels monitored at all residential areas are within the norms prescribed for

Residential Zone.




3.4 WATER QUALITY IMPACTS

3.4.1 SURFACE WATER QUALITY

Lilagarh river is flowing at distance of 3.3 Kms. from the project site. Surface water

samples from Lilagarh river were collected from Upstream and Downstream. The analysis

is furnished in Table No. 3.4.1. Kurung Left Bank Canal is passing at distance of 5.0 Kms.

from the project site. The analysis is furnished in Table No. 3.4.2.

TABLE No. 3.4.1 : SURFACE WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS

Station: Lilagarh River Month: May 2016

S.No. PARAMETER UNIT Up Stream Down Stream Standard as per BIS: 2296 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

1. Colour ----- ----- -----

2. pH 7.5 7.4 6.5-8.5

3. Turbidity NTU 4.2 4.5 -----

4. Electrical Conductivity ms/cm 216 214 -----

5. Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 129 128 500

6. DO mg/l 7.3 7.2 ---

CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS

7. Total Hardness mg/l 126 124 1500

8. Calcium Hardness mg/l 78 77 200

9. Magnesium Hardness mg/l 48 47 100

10. Alkalinity mg/l 85 87 -----

11. Sulphates mg/l 42 44 400

12. Chlorides mg/l 68 65 600

13. Nitrates as NO3 mg/l 3.5 3.9 20

14. Fluoride as F mg/l 0.25 0.29 1.5

15. Sodium as Na mg/l 25 27 -----

16. BOD mg/l 1.6 1.8 3

17. COD mg/l 6.1 5.9 -----

18. Residual chlorine mg/l <0.01 <0.01 -----

19. Cyanides as CN- mg/l <0.01 <0.01 0.05

20. Phenols as C6H5OH mg/l Absent Absent 0.005

21. Hexavalent chromium as Cr mg/l <0.01 <0.01 0.05

22. Iron as Fe mg/l 1.6 1.5 50

23. Copper as Cu mg/l <0.01 <0.01 1.5

24. Arsenic as As mg/l <0.01 <0.01 0.2

25. Selenium mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

26. Cadmium as cd mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

27. Boron as B mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

28. Mercury as Mg mg/l <0.001 <0.001 <0.01

29. Lead as Pb mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

30. Silica as SiO2 mg/l 4.3 3.9 ----

31. Mineral oil mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

32. Total coliforms (MPN/ 86 90 5000




100 ml)

TABLE NO. 3.4.2 : SURFACE WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS

Station: Kurung Left Bank Canal Month: May 2016

S.No. PARAMETER UNIT Concentration Standard as per BIS: 2296

PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

1. Colour ----- -----

2. pH 7.1 6.5-8.5

3. Turbidity NTU 4.6 -----

4. Electrical Conductivity ms/cm 246 -----

5. Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 147 500

6. DO mg/l 7.8 ---


7. Total Hardness mg/l 125 1500

8. Calcium Hardness mg/l 78 200

9. Magnesium Hardness mg/l 48 100

10. Alkalinity mg/l 118 -----

11. Sulphates mg/l 39 400

12. Chlorides mg/l 86 600

13. Nitrates as NO3 mg/l 5.5 20

14. Fluoride as F mg/l 0.2 1.5

15. Sodium as Na mg/l 26 -----

16. BOD mg/l 1.7 3

17. COD mg/l 6.5 -----

18. Residual chlorine mg/l <0.01 -----

19. Cyanides as CN- mg/l <0.01 0.05

20. Phenols as C6H5OH mg/l Absent 0.005

21. Hexavalent chromium as Cr mg/l <0.01 0.05

22. Iron as Fe mg/l 0.26 50

23. Copper as Cu mg/l <0.01 1.5

24. Arsenic as As mg/l <0.01 0.2

25. Selenium mg/l <0.01 <0.01

26. Cadmium as cd mg/l <0.01 <0.01

27. Boron as B mg/l <0.01 <0.01

28. Mercury as Mg mg/l <0.001 <0.01

29. Lead as Pb mg/l <0.01 <0.01

30. Silica as SiO2 mg/l 5.6 ----

31. Mineral oil mg/l <0.01 <0.01

32. Total coliforms (MPN/100 ml)

42 5000




3.4.1.1 INTERPRETATION OF SURFACE WATER ANALYSIS

The following are the analytical values of the surface water samples collected for the

following parameters.

pH : 7.1 to 7.5 DO (in mg/l) : 7.2 to 7.8 BOD (in mg/l) : 1.6 to 1.8 COD (in mg/l) : 5.9 to 6.5 TDS (in mg/l) : 128 to 147 Sulphates (in mg/l) : 39 to 44 Chlorides (in mg/l) : 65 to 86

All the parameters in the water samples collected are in confirmity with BIS: 2296

3.4.2 GROUND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS

The ground water samples have been collected and analyzed for various parameters like

pH, Suspended Solids, Total Dissolved Solids, Temperature, Total Hardness, Calcium

Hardness, Magnesium hardness, Alkalinity, Fluoride, Chloride, Sulphates, Nitrates,

Phenolic compounds, Heavy metals etc. and is compared with the standards to know the

water quality. Selection of sampling locations will be generally done based on the

following factors:

• Representation of project site.

• Topography

• Industrial Areas

• Residential areas

• Agricultural Activity

Eight numbers of ground water samples from bore wells were collected from the near by

villages to assess ground water quality impacts. The ground water sampling locations and

their distances from the project site are shown in Table No. 3.4.3. These water samples

are analyzed for various parameters as per IS: 10500. The ground water characteristics

were shown in Table Nos. 3.4.4 to 3.4.11. The Ground water sampling stations are shown

in Fig. 3.3.




TABLE 3.4.3

GROUND WATER QUALITY SAMPLING STATIONS

S.No. STATION DIRECTION DISTANCE IN KMS.


1. Plant Site --- --- Borewell sample representing project site

2. Pipranar NEE 5.5 Sample from Govt. borewell selected based on

topography (upstream)

3. Kalichhapar NE 3.0 Borewell sample representing Agricultural

Activity & also based on Topography

(Upstream)

4. Dhaniya SE 2.0 Sample from Govt. borewell selected based on


5. Sankar SSE 6.8 Sample from Govt. borewell selected based on

topography (downstream)

6. Hindadih SW 1.0 Sample from Govt. borewell selected based on


7. Bhadrapara W 0.5 Borewell sample representing Nearest

Habitation

8. Sipat SWW 6.5 Sample from Govt. Borewell representing

Urban area




Ground Water Quality Sampling Station

(10 Kms. radius)

Sampling Station

Hindadih


Sipat

Dhaniya

Kalichhapar

Sankar

Pipranar




TABLE 3.4.4

GROUND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS

Sampling Location: Plant Site Month: May 2016

S.No. PARAMETER Standard as per IS: 10500

Desirable limit (Permissible limit)

UNIT CONCENTRATION


1. Colour --- -- ---

2. Odour U/O -- --

3. pH 6.5 – 8.5 7.8

4. Turbidity 5 (10) NTU 3.5

5. Electrical Conductivity Limit not specified s/cm 644

6. Total Dissolved Solids 500 (2000) mg/l 386

7. Total Suspended Solids --- mg/l 1.4


8. Total Hardness 300 (600) mg/l 260

9. Calcium Hardness 200 (200 as Ca) mg/l 161

10. Magnesium Hardness 30 (100 as Mg) mg/l 99

11. Alkalinity 200 (600) mg/l 170

12. Sulphates 200 (400) mg/l 118

13. Chlorides 250 (1000) mg/l 210

14. Nitrates as NO3 45 (45) mg/l 3.6

15. Fluoride as F 1.0/1.5 mg/l 0.4

16. Sodium as Na Limit not specified mg/l 80

17. Residual chlorine 0.2 mg/l <0.01

18. Cyanides as CN- 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01

19. Phenols as C6H5OH 0.001 (0.002) mg/l Absent

20. Total chromium as Cr 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01

21. Iron as Fe 0.3 (1.0) mg/l 0.022

22. Copper as Cu 0.05 (1.5) mg/l <0.01

23. Arsenic as As 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01

24. Selenium as Se 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01

25. Cadmium as cd 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01

26. Boron as B 1.0 (5.0) mg/l <0.01

27. Mercury as Hg 0.001 (0.001) mg/l <0.001

28. Lead as Pb 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01

29. Silica as SiO2 --- mg/l 2.1

30. Manganese as Mn 0.1 (0.3) Mg/l <0.01

31. Anionic detergents as MBAS 0.2 (1.0) Mg/l <0.01

32. Total coliforms 10 (-) (MPN/100 ml) Absent

U/O – Unobjectionable




TABLE 3.4.5


Sampling Location: Pipranar Month: May 2016



UNIT CONCENTRATION


1. Colour --- --- ---

2. Odour --- --- ---

3. pH 6.5 – 8.5 --- 7.2









11. Alkalinity 200 (600) mg/l 142

12. Sulphates 200 (400) mg/l 129

13. Chlorides 250 (1000) mg/l 151








21. Iron as Fe 0.3 (1.0) mg/l 0.021

22. Copper as Cu 0.05 (1.5) mg/l <0.01

23. Arsenic as As 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01


25. Cadmium as cd 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01

26. Boron as B 1.0 (5.0) mg/l <0.01

27. Mercury as Hg 0.001 (0.001) mg/l <0.001

28. Lead as Pb 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01


30. Manganese as Mn 0.1 (0.3) mg/l <0.01

31. Anionic detergents as MBAS 0.2 (1.0) mg/l <0.01






TABLE 3.4.6


Sampling Location: Kalichhapar Month: May 2016



UNIT CONCENTRATION


1. Colour --- --- ---

2. Odour --- --- ---

3. pH 6.5 – 8.5 --- 7.1









11. Alkalinity 200 (600) mg/l 241

12. Sulphates 200 (400) mg/l 92

13. Chlorides 250 (1000) mg/l 132








21. Iron as Fe 0.3 (1.0) mg/l 0.020

22. Copper as Cu 0.05 (1.5) mg/l <0.01

23. Arsenic as As 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01


25. Cadmium as cd 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01

26. Boron as B 1.0 (5.0) mg/l <0.01

27. Mercury as Hg 0.001 (0.001) mg/l <0.001

28. Lead as Pb 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01









TABLE 3.4.7


Sampling Location: Dhaniya Month: May 2016



UNIT CONCENTRATION


1. Colour --- --- ---

2. Odour --- --- ---

3. pH 6.5 – 8.5 --- 7.4









11. Alkalinity 200 (600) mg/l 215

12. Sulphates 200 (400) mg/l 135

13. Chlorides 250 (1000) mg/l 175








21. Iron as Fe 0.3 (1.0) mg/l 0.022

22. Copper as Cu 0.05 (1.5) mg/l <0.01

23. Arsenic as As 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01


25. Cadmium as cd 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01

26. Boron as B 1.0 (5.0) mg/l <0.01

27. Mercury as Hg 0.001 (0.001) mg/l <0.001

28. Lead as Pb 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01









TABLE 3.4.8


Sampling Location: Sankar Month: May 2016

S.NO. PARAMETER Standard as per IS: 10500


UNIT CONCENTRATION


1. Colour --- --- ---

2. Odour --- --- ---

3. pH 6.5 – 8.5 7.5









11. Alkalinity 200 (600) mg/l 169

12. Sulphates 200 (400) mg/l 125

13. Chlorides 250 (1000) mg/l 156








21. Iron as Fe 0.3 (1.0) mg/l 0.024

22. Copper as Cu 0.05 (1.5) mg/l <0.01

23. Arsenic as As 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01


25. Cadmium as cd 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01

26. Boron as B 1.0 (5.0) mg/l <0.01

27. Mercury as Hg 0.001 (0.001) mg/l <0.001

28. Lead as Pb 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01









TABLE 3.4.9


Sampling Location: Hindadih Month: May 2016



UNIT CONCENTRATION


1. Colour --- --- ---

2. Odour --- --- ---

3. pH 6.5 – 8.5 7.5









11. Alkalinity 200 (600) mg/l 181

12. Sulphates 200 (400) mg/l 111

13. Chlorides 250 (1000) mg/l 145








21. Iron as Fe 0.3 (1.0) mg/l 0.023

22. Copper as Cu 0.05 (1.5) mg/l <0.01

23. Arsenic as As 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01


25. Cadmium as cd 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01

26. Boron as B 1.0 (5.0) mg/l <0.01

27. Mercury as Hg 0.001 (0.001) mg/l <0.001

28. Lead as Pb 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01









TABLE 3.4.10


Sampling Location: Bhadrapara Month: May 2016



UNIT CONCENTRATION


1. Colour --- ---

2. Odour

3. pH 6.5 – 8.5 7.3









11. Alkalinity 200 (600) mg/l 133

12. Sulphates 200 (400) mg/l 110

13. Chlorides 250 (1000) mg/l 148








21. Iron as Fe 0.3 (1.0) mg/l 0.021

22. Copper as Cu 0.05 (1.5) mg/l <0.01

23. Arsenic as As 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01


25. Cadmium as cd 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01

26. Boron as B 1.0 (5.0) mg/l <0.01

27. Mercury as Hg 0.001 (0.001) mg/l <0.001

28. Lead as Pb 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01









TABLE 3.4.11


Sampling Location: Sipat Month: May 2016



UNIT CONCENTRATION


1. Colour --- ---

2. Odour

3. pH 6.5 – 8.5 7.3









11. Alkalinity 200 (600) mg/l 182

12. Sulphates 200 (400) mg/l 153

13. Chlorides 250 (1000) mg/l 230








21. Iron as Fe 0.3 (1.0) mg/l 0.024

22. Copper as Cu 0.05 (1.5) mg/l <0.01

23. Arsenic as As 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01


25. Cadmium as cd 0.01 (0.01) mg/l <0.01

26. Boron as B 1.0 (5.0) mg/l <0.01

27. Mercury as Hg 0.001 (0.001) mg/l <0.001

28. Lead as Pb 0.05 (0.05) mg/l <0.01









3.4.2.1 INTERPRETATION OF GROUND WATER ANALYSIS

The following are the Analysis results collected during study period

pH : 7.1 to 7.8 TSS : 0.72 to 1.4 mg/l TDS : 264 to 451 mg/l Total Hardness : 208 to 281 mg/l Chlorides : 132 to 230 mg/l Fluoride : 0.33 to 0.70 mg/l Heavy Metals (Iron -Fe) : 0.02 to 0.024 mg/l Heavy metals are within the limits. The Groundwater sample analysis indicates that all Physical, Chemical & Bacteriological

parameters of all the samples collected are within the Potable water standards as per BIS-

10500 standards.

3.5 LAND ENVIRONMENT

3.5.1 HYDROGEOLOGY OF THE STUDY AREA

A detailed Hydrogeological Study has been carried for proposed project and same is

enclosed as Appendix – 1. The main observations and finding of the study are as follows:

i. The annual normal rainfall in the area is 1343 mm, which constitute 87 % monsoon

rainfall (1170.8 mm). The average annual rainfall of the district is 1082 mm (Source:

CGWB).

ii. The three major Cherty shale & dolomite aquifer system developed in the area are given

below:

• Unconfined aquifer having depth range of 5 to 30 m.

• Semi-confined aquifer having depth range of 30 to 70 m.

• Confined aquifer in the depth range of 70 to 150 m.

iii. The average water level in the core zone in pre-monsoon and post-monsoon is 8.25

mbgl and 0.56 mbgl respectively. The annual fluctuation is 7.70 m.

iv. The average of water level in the buffer zone in pre-monsoon and in post-monsoon is

8.00 m mbgl and 2.5 mbgl respectively. The annual fluctuation is 5.5 m.

v. Pumping test carried out at plant area to estimate auifer parameters viz T=330 m2/d, K

= 3.30 m/d, Sy = 0.03, Aquifer thickness ˜ 100 m and safe distance ˜120 m.




vi. The groundwater flow direction is North to South and South to North toward the Lilagar

Nadi. The general groundwater flow is following the path of the Lilagar Nadi. There is

confluence of hydraulic gradient towards the river in the buffer zone.

vii. During pumping, there will be induced infiltration due to withdrawal of water from the

system and creation of infiltration zone. The reduction in surface flow will be 0.013

MCM. The induced infiltration in post-pumping will increase groundwater recharge to

the tune of 0.011 MCM.

viii. The water table in the buffer zone is in the range of 295 m amsl to 245 m amsl. The

average hydraulic gradient of ground water flow is 6.86 x 10-3. In the core zone water

table is in between 280 and 275m amsl.

ix. The project area constitutes Limestone, Cherty shale & dolomite, a potential aquifer to

sustain six tubewells at a discharge rate of 9.0 m3/hr for 12 hr pumping in a day to yield

648 m3/day groundwater for existing washery use. The safe distance between two

tubewells will be 120 m.

x. The groundwater resource estimation for 10 km buffer zone on annual basis has been

done following the GWRE 2011 guidelines.

Gross recharge due to rainfall - 51.40 MCM Natural discharge - 2.57 MCM Net groundwater available - 48.83 MCM Annual ground water draft - 15.45 MCM Allocation for next 25 years - 3.8 MCM Groundwater balance - 29.58 MCM The stage of groundwater development - 32% Category of groundwater development - Safe

xi. The additional surface water withdrawal of 500 m3/day for the proposed washery will

cause draft of 0.17 MCM. There will not be any further ground water withdrawal for

proposed washery thus the area will remain under the safe category on groundwater

resources consideration. However, the Masturi block comes under safe zone as per

CGWA estimation.

xii. The water quality of tube wells located within the project area and buffer zone are well

within the permissible limits except magnesium hardness in higher side. The washery

will operate under the zero-discharge concept. There will be a sedimentation tank for




reuse of waste water. There will not be any ground water pollution due to proposed

washery activity.

xiii. Rain water harvesting have been done. It is found that due to shallow water level in post

monsoon period and good infiltration rate there will be rejection of rainwater

harvesting in the project area. However, it is planned to recharge 0.033 MCM m3/y in

Plant area.

xiv. As the area falls under the safe category as per CGWA and the total abstraction of

groundwater is 583 m3/day, the Central Ground Water Authority has issued permission

to abstract ground water with Rain Water Harvesting scheme to be implemented.

xv. The surface water resource availability at Bhawaradih Anycut have been estimated to

the tune of 1.56 MCM/year. The requirement of washery plant is 0.17 MCM/year, which

accounts only 11 % of total availability. Thus, there is apple water available at Anycut.

The daily water availability is also estimated in the range of 153900 to 470 m/day.

Whereas the requirement of plant is only 500m3/day. The status of water have also

been checked and concluded that there is surplus water available at Anycut through of

the year except in the month of May where there will be shortfall of 30 m /day. The

proponent will make necessary rainwater storage capacity of 1000m3 in the plant area

to overcome shortfall. The study have also done to investigate the impact of surface

water withdrawal from Anycut on downstream users. The study confirm that area is

under canal command of Khutaghat Dam. Further the observation of Hydrographic

Network station No. W-11, located at Bhawaradih village, exhibit depth to water level in

premonsoon period is 3.28 m below ground level and 0.62 m below ground level in post

monsoon period. Incase water is not withdrawn from the Anycut there will be water

logging in the agriculture field which lead to reduction in crop yield. The downstream

water of Anycut is allowed to flow and confluence into Lilagar Nadi at the distance of

500 m due south.

The Hydrological study conclude that there is a sufficient surface water available at Anycut

to meet additional water requirement to plant. There will not be any adverse impact of

surface water withdrawal on downstream computing users. The area under study is in

canal command having ground water recharge through return flow. The radius of

influence due to pumping of ground water is well within plant area due to cyclic ground

water recharge observed in piezometer and hydrographic network stations. It is concluded




that there is no impact of ground water withdrawal of ground water due to washery use

further the study also conclude there is sufficient ground water available in the plant area

to cater the need of washery use

3.5.2 MINERAL RESERVES

There are no mineral reserves in the study area.

3.5.3 SEISMIC EFFECT

The project site falls in zone-1 of Seismic Zone classification of India.

Project site




3.5.4 LAND USE PATTERN

The following is the land use pattern within 10 Km radius of the project site & LULC map

and Satellite Imagery are shown below:

Table 3.5.1 – LULC Break up within 10 Km. radius

S.No. LANDUSE AREA (Sq. km) %

1. BUILT- UP LAND A. Settlements B. Industrial area

14.444 12.874

4.6 4.1

2. WATERBODIES A. Tank / River / Reservoir / Major Canal etc.

21.352

6.8

3. FOREST A. Scrub forest

57.776

18.4

4. CROP LAND A. Single crop B. Double crop

142.556 32.656

45.4 10.4

5. WASTELANDS A. Land with scrub B. Land without scrub

17.584 14.758

5.6 4.7

TOTAL 314 100

BAR DIAGRAM SHOWING LAND USE & LAND COVER OF THE STUDY AREA




Plant Site




3.5.5 SOIL ENVIRONMENT

Eight (8) no. of soil samples were collected and for analyzed for various parameters like

texture, infiltration rate, bulk density, pH, Ca, Nitrogen, Potash, Available Phosphorous as

P2O5, Mn, Zn, Pb etc. The Soil samples are taken from depth of 15 to 90 cm will be

collected. The Physio-chemical characteristics of soil were analyzed using standard

methods.

Selection of sampling locations will be generally done based on the following factors:

• Representation of project site.

• Industrial Areas

• Residential areas

• Agricultural Activity

• Proximity to the Forest

• Proximity to Water body

The soil quality sampling locations and their distances from the project site are shown in

Table 3.5.2. The soil characteristics are shown in Table No. 3.5.3. The soil quality sampling

stations are shown in fig. 3.9.

TABLE 3.5.2

SOIL QUALITY SAMPLING STATIONS

S.No. STATION DIRECTION DISTANCE

IN KMS.


1. Plant Site (S1) --- --- Sample representing the project site

2. Kalichhapar (S2) NE 3.0 Sample representing near Forest area

3. Bhadrapara (S3) W 0.5 Sample representing nearby Residential area

4. Lutra (S4) SEE 3.9 Sample representing Residential area

5. Dhanpur (S5) SE 4.2 Sample representing Agricultural Activity

6. Hindadih (S6) SW 1.0 Sample representing Residential area

7. Sipat (S7) SWW 6.5 Sample representing Commercial area

8. Nargora (S8) NW 4.2 Sample representing Agricultural Activity




Soil Quality Sampling Station

(10 Kms. radius)

Sampling Station

Hindadih


Sipat

Kalichhapar

Lutra

Dhanpur

Nargora




TABLE 3.5.3

SOIL CHARACTERISTICS

Month : May 2016

S.No Parameter Units Sampling Locations

S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8

1. Bulk Density g/cc 1.5 2.3 2.6 1.7 2.1 2.5 1.8 2.2

2. Infiltration rate Cm/sec 1.9 1.7 2.3 1.4 1.9 2.3 2.1 1.8

3. pH --- 7.3 7.2 7.4 7.6 7.4 7.2 7.5 7.8

4. Soil type (Soil texture) --- Clay

Loam

Loamy Sandy

Loam

Sandy

Loam

Loam Loamy Clay

Loam

Loam

5. Calcium mg/100 gm 756 841 952 826 750 890 930 1265

6. Electrical Conductivity µS/cm 135 156 142 140 132 145 176 170

7. Available Nitrogen Kg/Ha 230 210 192 225 285 185 255 310

8. Potassium as K+ Kg/Ha 65.3 52.3 54.5 49.8 58.5 54.7 62.5 68.3

9. Available Phosphorous as

P2O5

Kg/Ha 19.5 22.5 20.5 28.5 27.4 26.8 27.8 33.5

10. Mn mg/100 gm BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL

11. Zn mg/100 gm BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL

12. Pb mg/100 gm BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL




3.5.4: Soil Standard Classification

S.No. Parameters Classification

1. pH <4.5 extremely acidic 4.51 - 5.0 very strong acidic 5.01 - 5.5 strongly acidic 5.51-6.0 moderately acidic 6.1 - 6.5 slightly acidic 6.51 - 7.3 Neutral 7.31-7.8 slightly alkaline 7.81-8.5 moderately alkaline 8.51 – 9.0 strongly alkaline >9.0 Very strongly alkaline

2. Nitrogen (Kg/ha) Up to 50 very less 51-100 less 110-150 good 151-300 better >300 sufficient

3. Phosphorus (Kg/ha) Up to 15 very less 15 – 30 less 31-50 medium 51-65 on average sufficient 66-80 sufficient >80 more than sufficient

4. Potassium (Kg/ha) 0 – 120 very less 120-180 less 180-240 medium 241-300 average 301-360 better >360 more than sufficient




3.6 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

Present proposal is for change in technology in the existing plant i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY type

coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type coal washery. Proposed change in technology will be

carried out in the existing plant premises without any increase in the extent of land. The coal

washery is located at Hindadih Village, Masturi Tehsil, and Bilaspur District in Chhattisgarh

state. Survey of Ecology and Biodiversity was carried out during March – May 2016 by

Prof.K.B.Reddy (NABET Empanelled FAE for EB & SC).

The total extent of the existing plant land is 27.42 acres. It has zig zag border towards the

western side and it is narrow towards the southern side and wider toward the northern side.

There are crushers, conveyers, stock yards etc. in the north and north-eastern side. Patches or

strips of trees are grown along the boundary of the project site. The entire coal handling and

washing unit area is devoid of any vegetation. Kadamb (Anthocephalus cadamba), Teak

(Tectona grandis) and Gulmohar (Delonix regia) are the most commonly grown plants in the

plant site. A list of plants present in the project site is given in Table 3.6.1.

Table No. 3.6.1 - List of trees, shrubs and perennial climbers found in the core area.

Botanical name Family Local / common name Habit

Abutilon indicum Malvaceae Kanghi Shrub

Acacia nilotica Mimosaceae Babul / Babool Tree

Albizia procera Mimosaceae Safed Siris Tree

Alstonia scholaris Apocynaceae Saptaparni Tree

Anthocephalus cadamba Rubiaceae Kadamb Tree

Azadirachta indica Meliaceae Neem Tree

Butea monosperma Fabaceae Palash Tree

Calotropis gigantea Asclepiadaceae Arakha Shrub

Calotropis procera Asclepiadaceae Arakha Shrub

Chamaedorea sefritzii Arecaceae Bamboo Palm Palm

Chromolaena odorata Asteraceae Siam weed Shrub

Decalepis hamiltoni Periplocaceae Nannari Climber

Delonix regia Caesalpiniaceae Gulmohar Tree

Hemidesmus indicus Apocynaceae Anantamul Climber

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Malvaceae China Rose Shrub

Hyptis suaveolens Lamiaceae American Mint Herb

Ipomoea carnea Convolvulaceae Morning glory Shrub

Lantana camara Verbenaceae Nagabari Shrub

Leptadenia reticulata Apocynaceae Jiwanti Climber

Madhuca longifolia Sapotaceae Mahuva Tree

Malachra capitata Malvaceae Van Bhindi Shrub





Mangifera indica Anacardiaceae Mango Tree

Pergularia daemia Apocynaceae Utaran Climber

Phoenix sylvestris Arecaceae Bankhajuri Palm

Prosopis spicigera Mimosaceae Kejdi Tree

Prosopis juliflora Mimosaceae Mesquite Thorny bush

Psidium gaujava Myrtaceae Guava Tree

Spathodea companulata Bignoniaceae African Tulip Tree

Tectona grandis Vebenaceae Teak / Sagwan Tree

Terminalia arjuna Combretaceae Arjun Tree

Wattakaka volubilis Apocynaceae Green Milk weed Climber

Xanthium strumarium Asteraceae Chota dhatura Shrub

Environmental, vegetation and Flora of the buffer zone

The existing coal wahsery is located in an area of 27.42 acres at Hindadih Village, Masturi

Tehsil, Bilaspur District of Chhattisgarh State. The buffer zone extending up to 10 Km radius is

surrounded by paddy fields that are irrigated by the Kurung Left Bank Canal. There are hill

forests towards the North and North East and Protected Forests towards South East in the

Buffer Zone. Trees are mainly confined to field bunds, avenue plantations, and canal bank

plantations. There is dense non–forest scrub towards the western banks and open scrub

towards the Eastern bank of Lilagar Nadi towards the southern side of the project site. There

are several small stunted bushes of Palash (Butea monosperma), all along the bunds of fields

and also in the wastelands. There are a few Safed Siris (Albizia procera), Arjun (Termnalia

arjuna), Babul (Acacia nilotica), Neem (Melia azadirachta), Amaltas (Cassia fistula), Mahuva

(Madhuca longifolia) and a few shrubs of Mesquite (Proposis juliflora). But it was extensively

covered by perennial grasses, herbs and a few shrubs. Non-palatable shrubs of Hyptis

suaveolens and Xanthium strumarium seem to be quite abundant especially along the

boundary. Many small scattered weeds were found in some areas but they were mostly dry

owing to hot and dry summer. There are no water bodies or wetlands or plantations or forests

or croplands in the core area. Lilagar river is the nearest river to the project site. There are

also several palatable and non-palatable forbs and grasses. A list of plants found in the buffer

zone during the period of survey is given in Table 3.6.2. But there are no ecologically sensitive

areas or rare or endangered or threatened (RET) species of flora or fauna within the study

area comprising of both the core area and its buffer zone of 10 Km radius.




Table No. 3.6.2 - List of trees, shrubs and perennial climbers found in the buffer zone of the

plant site


Abrus precatorius Fabaceae Kaincha Creeper

Acacia auriculiformis Mimosaceae Australian Wattle Tree

Acacia catechu Mimosaceae Khair Tree

Acacia nilotica Mimosaceae Babul / Babool Tree

Aegle marmelos Rutaceae Bel Tree

Aganosoma dichotoma Apocynaceae Malati Creeper

Aibizia lebbeck Mimosaceae Siris / Kala sirus Tree

Ailanthus excelsa Simaroubaceae Mahalimbo Tree

Alangium salvifolium Alangiaceae Ankula Tree

Albizia odoratissima Mimosaceae Kala siris Tree

Albizia procera Mimosaceae Tentela(sirish-Dhala) Tree

Alstonia scholaris Apocynaceae Saptaparni Tree

Annona squamosa Annonaceae Seetaphal Fruit tree

Annona reticculata Annonaceae Raamphal Fruit tree

Anthocephalus cadamba

Rubiaceae Kadamb Tree

Artocarpus heterophyllus

Moraceae Panas Tree

Asparagus recemosus Liliaceae Satabari Creeper

Azadirachta indica Meliaceae Neem Tree

Bauhinia purpurea Caesalpiniaceae Kanchan Tree

Bauhinia racemosa Caesalpiniaceae Ambansia Tree

Bombax ceiba Bombacaceae Semul / Simili Tree

Borassus flabellifer Arecaceae Tal Palm

Boswellia serrata Burseraceae Salai Tree

Butea monosperma Fabaceae Palash Tree

Butea superba Fabaceae Hai palash Tree

Calotropis gigantea Asclepiadaceae Arakha Shrub

Calotropis procera Asclepiadaceae Arakha Shrub

Canthimum dicoccum Rubiaceae Dalsingha Shrub

Carissa spinarum Apocynaceae Karonda Shrub

Caryota urens Arecaceae Sarap(Calap) Palm

Cassia fistula Caesalpiniaceae Simaro Tree

Cassia siamea Caesalpiniaceae Chakhunda Tree

Chromolaena odorata Asteraceae Siam weed Shrub

Cissus quadrangularis Vitaceae Vitaceae Succulent twiner

Cissus vitiginea Vitaceae Vitaceae Climbing Shrub

Cocos nucifera Arecaceae Coconut Palm

Combretum decandrum Combretaceae Atundi Climber

Crataeva religiosa Capparaceae Barun Tree

Dalbergia paniculata Caesalpiniaceae Barabakulia Tree





Dalbergia sisoo Caesalpiniaceae Sisoo Tree

Decalepis hamiltonii Periplocaceae Nannari Climber

Delonix elata Caesalpiniaceae Radhachuda Tree

Delonix regia Caesalpiniaceae Gulmohur Tree

Dendrocalamus strictus Poaceae Bamboo Bamboo

Dioscorea alata Dioscoreaceae Kanta alu Creeper

Dioscorea bulbifera Dioscoreaceae Pitalu Creeper

Dioscorea pentaphylla Dioscoreaceae Banaalu Creeper

Dispyros chlorohylon Ebenaceae Mankadkendu Tree

Erythrina indica Fabaceae Paldhua Tree

Eucalyptus sp Myrtaceae Eucalyptus Agro forest tree

Ficus benghalensis Moraceae Banyan / Bata / Bad Tree

Ficus racemosa Moraceae Cluster Fig Tree

Ficus religiosa Moraceae Pipal / Aswatha Tree

Gmelina arborea Verbenaceae Gambhari Tree

Grevillea robusta Proteaceae Silver Oak Tree

Hemidesmus indicus Apocynaceae Anantamul Climber

Holoptelia integrifolia Ulmaceae Dhauranja Tree

Ipomoea carnea Convolvulaceae Morning glory Shrub

Ixora parvifora Rubiaceae Bhuin kuruma Shrub

Jaminum arborescens Oleaceae Bana mali Creeper

Jasminum auriculatum Oleaceae Juhi Creeper

Lagerstroemia parviflora

Lythraceae Sidha / Sudha / Senha Tree

Lantana camara Verbenaceae Nagabari Shrub

Leptadenia reticulata Apocynaceae Jiwanti Climber

Leucaena leucocephala Mimosaceae Subabul Agro forest tree

Madhuca longifolia Sapotaceae Mahuva / Mahul Tree

Malachra capitata Malvaceae Van Bhindi Shrub

Mangifera indica Anacardiaceae Amba / Mango Fruit Tree

Melia azadirachata Meliaceae Buckain Tree

Michelia champaca Magnoliaceae Champa Tree

Moringa oleifera Moringaceae Sajana (muniga) Tree

Moringa tinctoria Moringaceae Achhu Tree

Neolamarckia cadamba

Rubiaceae Kadamb Tree

Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Oleaceae Gangasiuli Small tree

Ouginea oujonensis Fabaceae Bandhana Tree

Pergularia daemia Apocynaceae Utaran Climber

Phoenix sylvestris Arecaceae Bankhajuri Palm

Phyllanthus emblica Euphorbiaceae Amla Fruit tree

Pithecellobium dulce Mimosaceae Jungle jalebi Tree

Plumbago indica Plumbaginaceae Raktchita Shrub

Polyalthia longifolia Annonaceae Debadaru / Ashok Tree

Polyalthia pendula Annonaceae Ashok Tree





Pongamia pinnata Fabaceae Karanja Tree

Prosopis spicigera Mimosaceae Kejdi Tree

Prosopis julifloa Mimosaceae Mesquite Thorny bush

Psidium guajava Myrtaceae Guava Fruit Tree

Quisqualis indica Combretaceae Burma Creeper Creeper

Randia dumetorum Rubiaceae Salara (Mahana) Shrub

Randia uliginosa Rubiaceae Telkor(Tilok) Shrub

Sapindus emarginatus Sapindaceae Ritha Soap nut tree

Shorea robusta Dipterocarpaceae Sal Timber tree

Streblus asper Moraceae Sahada Tree

Syzigium cumini Myrtaceae Jamun Fruit Tree

Tamarindus indica Caesalpiniaceae Imli Tree

Tectona grandis Verbenaceae Saguan Tree

Terminalia arjuna Combretaceae Arjuna Tree

Thespesia pupulnea Malvaceae Bankapas Tree

Tylophora indica Apocynaceae Indian Ipecac Climber

Vitex negundo Verbenaceae Begunia Small tree

Wattakaka volubilis Apocynaceae Green Milk weed Climber

Wrightia tomentosa Apocynaceae Ludukurum Tree

Ziziphus marutiana Rhamnaceae Borkuli Tree

Ziziphus nummularia Rhamnaceae Kontikoli Tree

Ziziphus oenoplia Rhamnaceae Kanceikoli Tree

Ziziphus xylopyrus Rhamnaceae Ghantol Tree

Medicinal plants found in the study area

A long list of plants used traditionally by the locals of the tribal dominated Chhattisgarh State

has been compiled by the Chhattisgarh State Medicinal Plants Board

(http://india.gov.in/official-website-chhattisgarh-state-medicinal-plants-board) but only a few

of them were found in the study area. Herbal medicine is not familiar in the area and none of

the local medicinal plants are commercially exploited or cultivated. The list of medicinal plants

found in the study area is given as Table No. 3.6.3. It should be noted that none of them

belong to the RET category.

http://india.gov.in/official-website-chhattisgarh-state-medicinal-plants-board




Table No. 3.6.3 - List of medicinal plants found in the study area during the summer season.

Scientific name Local name Family Ailment

Achyranthes aspera Onga, Chirchita, Apamarg

Amaranthaceae Anti-venom

Asteracantha longifolia

Kokilaaksha Acanthaceae Aphrodisiac and liver protective

Blumea lacera Kukuronda Asteraceae bronchial asthma

Cassia tora Charota Caesalpiniaceae Eczema and ringworm

Catharanthus roseus

Sadaphooli Apocynaceae Flower for diabetes

Chenopodium album

Bathua Chenopodiaceae Skin disorders like Leukoderma

Leucas aspera Gumma Bhaji Lamiaceae Snake repellent and vegetable

Sphaeranthus indicus

Gorakhmundi Asteraceae Eosinophilia and respiratory troubles

Tridax procubens Khal Muriya Asteraceae Wound healing

Terrestrial fauna of the Core area and the Buffer zone

As the animals, especially vertebrates and the winged invertebrates move from place to place

in search of food, shelter, mate, or other biological needs, separate lists for core and buffer

areas are not feasible. As such there are no chances of occurrence of any rare or endangered

or endemic or threatened (REET) species within the core or buffer area. There are no

Sanctuaries, National Parks, Tiger Reserve or Biosphere Reserve or Elephant Corridor or other

protected areas within 10 Km of radius from core area. It is evident from the available

records, reports, and circumstantial evidence that the entire study area including the core and

buffer areas were free from any endangered animals. Among the Mammals, only Squirrels,

Rats, and Bandicoots were seen but rarely during the survey. Monkeys were also rare. Among

the reptiles, Lizards, Garden lizards were very common. No snakes or Monitor lizard was seen

during the survey. The amphibians were also rare. A list of Mammals, Reptiles and

Amphibians either found or reported from the area is given in Table 3.6.4. A list of birds is

given in Table 3.6.5. There were no resident birds other than Crows, Parrots, Doves, Weaver

birds, and Mynas. It is apparent from the list that none of the species either spotted or

reported is included in Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act.




Table No. 3.6.4: List of vertebrate species other than birds either recorded or reported from

the study area.

MAMMALS

Latin name Common name WPA Schedule

Bandicota indica Large bandicoot Rat V

Funambulus palmarum Three striped squirrel IV

Golunda ellioti myothrix Indian bush rat IV

Herpestes edwardsi Indian grey mongoose IV

Lepus nigricollis Indian hare IV

Macaca mulatta Rhesus monkey II

Mus booduga Common Indian field mouse V

Mus musculus Home Mouse V

Nosokia indica Bandicoot rat V

Rattus rattus Common Indian rat V

Suncus murinus House shrew V

AMPHIBIANS

Bufo melanostictus Common toad IV

Rana cyanophlyctis Skipper frog IV

Rana limnocharis Indian cricket frog IV

Rana tigrina Indian Bull frog IV

REPTILES

Bungarus caeruleus Common Indian Krait II

Calotes versicolor Garden lizard IV

Chrysopelea taprobanica Tree Snake II

Dryphis nasutus Whip Snake II

Echis carinatus Saw scaled viper II

Hemidactylus flaviviridis Indian wall lizard IV

Ptyas mucosa Dhaman / Indian Rat snake II

Typhlops diardii Giant Blind Snake II

Typhlops porrectus Slender Blind Snake II

Varanus bengalensis Common Indian Monitor II

Table No. 3.6.5: List of birds either spotted or reported from the study area.


Acridotheres tristis Common myna IV

Acridotheris tristis Common myna IV

Aegithinia tiphia Common Iora IV

Alcedo atthis Small blue kingfisher IV

Andeolv grayii Pond heron IV

Bubulcus ibis Cattle Egret IV

Ceryle rudis Lesser pied Kingfisher IV

Columba livia Blue rock pigeon IV

Coracias benghalensis Indian roller IV

Corvus splendens House crow V





Dendrocitta vagabunda Indian tree pie IV

Dendrocopus marhatensis Maratha Woodpecker IV

Dicrurus macrocercus Black drongo IV

Egretta garzetta Little egret IV

Halcyon smyrnensis White-Breasted King fisher IV

Merops orientalis Little Green Bee Eater IV

Milvus migrans Black kite (Common) IV

Motacilla alba White wagtail IV

Oriolus oriolus Golden Oriole IV

Passer domesticus House sparrow IV

Phalacrocorax carbo Large Cormorant IV

Phalacrocorax niger Little cormorant IV

Psittacula cyanocephala Blossom headed Parakeet IV

Psittacula krameri Rose-Ringed Parakeet IV

Pycnonotus cafer Red-vented bulbul IV

Saxicolodies fulicata Indian robin IV

Streptopelia chinensis Spotted dove IV

Sturnus contra Pied myna IV

Sturnus pagodrum Brahminy myna IV

Turdoides caudatus Common babbler IV

Tyto alba Barn owl IV

Upupa epops Common hoopoe IV

Aquatic Flora and Fauna of the study area

As there are no wetlands (except seasonal wetlands), perennial water bodies and rivers

except seasonal rivulets, no aquatic flora and fauna could be recorded during the time of

survey in the summer season of 2016.

3.7 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

In view of the fact that the development is an ever-growing process, its impact is also ever

increasing, leading to rapid deterioration in environmental conditional and human health.

Impact assessment thus ensures that the potential problems are foreseen and addressed at

an early stage in the projects plant and design. Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) & Social

Impact Assessment provides a rational approach to sustainable development.

Social Impact Assessment includes the processes of analysing, monitoring and managing the

intended and unintended social consequences, both positive and negative, of planned

interventions (policies, programs, plans, and developmental activities) on individual, social




groups and community at large and any social change processes invoked by those

interventions.

3.7.1 OBJECTIVE

The primary objectives of the Social Impact Assessment study are:

• Understanding the baseline socio-economic environment obtaining in the impact zone.

• Identifying the key stakeholders who are likely to be impacted by the establishment of

the proposed project.

• Predicting the positive and negative impacts of the project on the socio-economic

environment in the area.

• Suggesting mitigation measures to minimize the negative impacts.

3.7.2 SCOPE

In keeping with its objectives, the scope of the study extends to:

• Making a reconnaissance of the villages and human settlements within the 10 km radius

from the proposed project site.

• Understanding the overall socio-economic profile of the impact area.

• Assessing the baseline socio-economic environment prevailing in the impact area

focusing the core and buffer zones.

• Identifying key economic sectors and major sources of livelihood in the study area.

• Understanding social structures and lifestyles of people in the area who are likely to be

affected the most by the proposed project.

• Assessing physical and social infrastructure facilities accessible to inhabitants in the

project impact area.

• Predicting the likely socio-economic impacts as a consequence of establishing the

project.

• Suggesting adverse impact mitigation measures in line with the felt needs, aspirations

and expectations of the project affected population.

• Preparing an appropriate Socio-Economic Environment Management Plan.

3.7.3 APPROACH & METHODOLOGY

The basic approach for carrying out the SIA is focused on:




• Zeroing-in on the project impact area, covering all the villages and other habitations

falling within the 10 km radius from the project site.

• Collecting basic information with respect to constituent villages in terms of census

village code, name of the Tehsil in which a particular village falls, number of households,

population level (as per Census 2011) and growth of village population during the last

decade, distance from the proposed project site etc.

• Identifying critical knowledge/information gaps which impede an objective and reliable

assessment of the socio-economic impacts of the project.

• Zeroing-in on the data/information to be collected for a fair impact assessment and

deciding upon the sources and means to collecting the same.

• Identifying the key stakeholders and potential respondents for collecting the required

information.

• Drawing a sampling frame and sample size specifying villages and number of households

to be contacted for primary data/information collection and agencies to be contacted

for eliciting information on various aspects relevant to the study.

• Assessing the views raised in the Public Hearing and developing a plan (consisting of

Cost, Budget, Monitoring and Evaluation) to implement the needs of people as per

Public hearing outcome.

Methodology

• The Social Impact Assessment (SIA) of the proposed project is relied on a judicious mix

of Secondary (i.e. Census 2011, Govt. Dept., Maps and Literature Research) and Primary

data (i.e. Field survey and Interview / Interactions) collected from different sources.

• Various socio-economic aspects considered for impact assessment include livelihoods,

relocation and rehabilitation, incomes, employment, skills, education, health and overall

lifestyles. The cultural aspects considered are archaeological, historical, religious and

aesthetic places of importance, arts and crafts etc.

• The SIA was carried out in the three distinct stage:

i. Desktop review / research

ii. Field Survey

iii. Data Analysis & its interpretation




3.7.4 SOCIO ECONOMIC STUDY AREA

The coverage of study extends to all the 45 Census villages and towns falling within the 10 km.

radius, from the plant site, as mandated by MoEF&CC’s ToR. The study area is 314 Sq. Km. The

land utilisation pattern of the study area shows the dominance of single crop land accounting

for 45.4 %. The land under human settlement covers an area of 14.44 Sq. Km., which is mere

4.6 % of the total area. The detailed land use pattern of the study area is furnished above in

Page No. 3.36.

3.7.5 PROJECT IMPACT ZONES

The geographical area for impact assessment extends over 10 Kms. Radius from the project

site and comprises of 45 Villages and towns as listed in Census. To facilitate a more realistic

and objective assessment, the 45 villages / towns are categorized into three zones:

• Core zone (within 2.0 Kms. Radial distance from the project site)

• Buffer zone (> 2 to 5 Kms.)

• Transition zone (> 5 – 10 Kms.)

Table No. 3.7.1 : Key demographics of the study area comprising villages/towns

S.No. Village Name

Distance from

Project Site

(In Kms.)

Direction from

Project site

Total Households

Population

Total Male Female SC ST Average Literacy

(%)

Villages within 0 - 2 Kms distance from the project site

1 Bhadrapara 0.3 W 447 1607 802 805 5 231 66%

2 Bisrampur 0.5 NNW 460 1638 804 834 42 1257 51%

3 Dhaniya 1.7 SE 439 1802 928 874 404 208 67%

4 Hindadih 1.2 SW 291 1366 691 675 584 429 63%

5 Nawapara 1.9 NWW 149 604 300 304 0 498 53%

Sub Total : I 1786 7017 3525 3492 1035 2623 61%


6 Darrabhata 4.7 SSW 845 3862 1986 1876 1188 257 59%

7 Dhanpur 4.6 SE 274 1207 619 588 1125 0 60%

8 Guri 3.1 WWS 693 3471 1727 1744 702 311 61%

9 Jhuli 3.5 NE 336 1430 732 698 392 0 60%

10 Karra 3.3 SW 222 1155 583 572 0 0 60%

11 Lutra 4.2 SEE 446 2089 1037 1052 38 932 65%

12 Nargora 4.4 WWN 666 3204 1572 1632 1640 282 60%

13 Parsahi 3.1 SE 604 2800 1431 1369 122 173 64%

14 Parsapalli 4.5 NE 21 94 46 48 0 94 55%




15 Ponri 4.5 NW 829 3674 1863 1811 245 1161 59%

16 Sonthi 4.8 NE 684 2955 1448 1507 99 1217 58%

17 Uslapur 2.3 S 132 487 221 266 141 231 55%

Sub Total : II 3940 17888 8933 8955 2677 4090 89%


18 Basda 9.2 NW 160 777 401 376 124 0 58%

19 Bhatapara 6.5 EES 210 858 438 420 57 270 72%

20 Bitkuli 7.7 NNW 226 811 397 414 6 663 56%

21 Chhuiyapara 8.1 NW 117 512 279 233 1 304 49%

22 Dahitpara 6.2 NW 567 2087 1053 1034 1 1590 40%

23 Dhanwarpara 9.3 SW 353 1359 698 661 192 806 55%

24 Janji 8.4 SW 766 3308 1671 1637 1444 94 65%

25 Jhalmala 8.1 WWN 396 1835 940 895 288 163 66%

26 Karma 7.4 NW 381 1681 845 836 69 320 65%

27 Kaudia 6.5 SW 654 3378 1731 1647 462 408 61%

28 Khamariya 5.6 EES 393 1563 785 778 403 249 66%

29 Konwatal 9.3 W 87 362 179 183 43 0 54%

30 Kukda 9.4 E 624 2729 1400 1329 1181 292 60%

31 Kuli 8.2 SE 369 1695 883 812 43 81 73%

32 Modai 6.5 EES 419 1532 735 797 0 1316 51%

33 Motiyari 9.1 SW 82 301 150 151 259 13 53%

34 Murpar 7.1 S 578 2421 1173 1248 100 1635 57%

35 Naikpata 6.8 NW 208 1231 641 590 532 113 56%

36 Nipaniya 6.8 WWN 197 847 407 440 621 0 53%

37 Pachri 9.7 SE 152 633 316 317 2 231 61%

38 Pharhada 8.4 SSE 508 2541 1290 1251 512 19 57%

39 Piparda 8.1 SE 235 1147 566 581 318 124 57%

40 Rampur 6.6 NW 232 1015 523 492 15 213 56%

41 Sanadula 5.5 SSE 113 531 273 258 5 90 48%

42 Sankar 6.7 SSE 115 440 229 211 371 0 62%

43 Sikaripara 8.8 SW 465 2051 1035 1016 445 280 50%

44 Sipat 6.7 SWW 2681 11311 5837 5474 4129 635 68%

45 Uchbaatti 8.6 NWW 467 2271 1177 1094 1239 144 59%

Sub Total : III 11755 51227 26052 25175 12862 10053 61%

Total 17481 76132 38510 37622 16574 16766 67%

It is obvious from the above data that there are 5 no. of villages fall in core impact zone,

accounting for just 9.2 % of the total population in the study area. 12 no. of villages

accounting for 23.5 % of the total population fall in buffer impact zone, while 28 no. of villages

accounting for 67.3 % of the total population fall in transition zone.




Given the nature of the project, its socio-economic impacts will be more pronounced on the

people inhabiting the core and buffer impact zones rather than on the transition zone. Hence

the study focus was more on the socio-economic conditions obtaining among the households

in the core and buffer zones.

3.7.6 BASELINE DATA AND ANALYSIS OF SURVEYED VILLAGES

3.7.6.1 DESKTOP REVIEW / RESEARCH

A fairly comprehensive desk research to understand the socio-economic setting of the project

area was the first initiative towards carrying out SIA. Accordingly, published and unpublished

information available on the subject was referred, reviewed and critical information gaps

identified by the SIA team.

It was during this stage, the key stakeholders were identified and study instruments –

schedules and checklists – prepared, tested and finalised. Similarly, the sampling frame and

sample size were also designed and finalised. The sampling frame for the study consisted of

villages, households and District and Tehsil level officials, key informants as also local opinion

leaders.

A proportional random sampling technique was followed to select the sample village’s and

households. Accordingly, the sample villages were picked up at random from the three

impact zones considered – Core, Buffer and Transition. The number of households to be

contacted in each sample village was determined on the basis of the size of population of the

respective village. In the absence of household level information, the respondent households

were selected randomly during the course of visit to the respective village. However, while

selecting the respondent households, emphasis was on contacting households, who are

economically poor, susceptible to shifts in livelihood patterns and belonged to vulnerable

social communities.

To ensure the accuracy of the primary data collected from the study area, all the village

specific information was verified from the data of Census 2011 and secondary information

collected from various Govt. Dept., Map, Literature etc.

Accordingly following 20 no. of villages have been selected:

S.No. Village Name 1 Bhadrapara 2 Bisrampur 3 Dhaniya




4 Hindadih 5 Nawapara 6 Darrabhata 7 Guri 8 Jhuli 9 Lutra

10 Nargora 11 Parsapalli 12 Ponri 13 Dahitpara 14 Janji 15 Kaudia 16 Kukda 17 Murpar 18 Pharhada 19 Sipat 20 Uchbaatti

3.7.6.2 FIELD SURVEY

Field survey helped in collecting fairly reliable primary data with respect to the major

livelihood sources, education, health status, basic amenities and standard of living. It also

helped in eliciting information from the natives about the negative environmental impacts of

industrial units already existing in the area and the measures initiated by them (industrial

units) to mitigate the impacts. Field survey was done during March 2016 to May 2016.

The potential respondents in the sample households were approached personally by

members of the core study team and Field Investigators who explained the purpose of the

visit and solicited their participation by sharing the intended information unbiasedly. The

study team clarified the doubts and addressed the apprehensions expressed by the

respondents. Once the respondents were willing and ready to participate, household level

socio-economic information was collected with the help of a structured questionnaire. A

number of questions were open ended to facilitate capturing perceptions of the respondents

objectively.

In addition, Participatory Rapid Assessment (PRA) tools comprising Villages / Town Transect

Walks, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), Key Informant Interviews and Local Opinion Leader

interviews were used for collecting qualitative information with regards to key socio-

economic challenges of the area.




Table No.3.7.2 : Village wise Category of Sample Households who interviewed for in depth study

S.No. Village Name Male Female Total

1 Bhadrapara 8 8 16

2 Bisrampur 9 12 21

3 Dhaniya 11 15 26

4 Hindadih 30 28 58

5 Nawapara 6 12 18

6 Darrabhata 11 12 23

7 Guri 7 5 12

8 Jhuli 6 7 13

9 Lutra 14 15 29

10 Nargora 12 10 22

11 Parsapalli 4 3 8

12 Ponri 30 25 55

13 Dahitpara 9 8 17

14 Janji 7 9 16

15 Kaudia 6 6 12

16 Kukda 5 6 11

17 Murpar 9 10 19

18 Pharhada 11 9 20

19 Sipat 30 25 55

20 Uchbaatti 6 7 13

Total 231 232 464

3.7.6.3 DATA ANALYSIS & ITS INTERPRETATION

Table No. 3.7.3 : Demography of the Surveyed villages

S.No. Village Name Total

Households

Population

Total Male Female SC ST Average Literacy

(%)

Sex Ratio

1 Bhadrapara 447 1607 802 805 5 231 66% 1004

2 Bisrampur 460 1638 804 834 42 1257 51% 1037

3 Dhaniya 439 1802 928 874 404 208 67% 942

4 Hindadih 291 1366 691 675 584 429 63% 977

5 Nawapara 149 604 300 304 0 498 53% 1013

6 Darrabhata 845 3862 1986 1876 1188 257 59% 945

7 Guri 693 3471 1727 1744 702 311 61% 1010

8 Jhuli 336 1430 732 698 392 0 60% 954

9 Lutra 446 2089 1037 1052 38 932 65% 1014

10 Nargora 666 3204 1572 1632 1640 282 60% 1038

11 Parsapalli 21 94 46 48 0 94 55% 1043

12 Ponri 829 3674 1863 1811 245 1161 59% 972

13 Dahitpara 567 2087 1053 1034 1 1590 40% 982




14 Janji 766 3308 1671 1637 1444 94 65% 980

15 Kaudia 654 3378 1731 1647 462 408 61% 951

16 Kukda 624 2729 1400 1329 1181 292 60% 949

17 Murpar 578 2421 1173 1248 100 1635 57% 1064

18 Pharhada 508 2541 1290 1251 512 19 57% 970

19 Sipat 2681 11311 5837 5474 4129 635 68% 938

20 Uchbaatti 467 2271 1177 1094 1239 144 59% 929

Total 12467 54887 27820 27067 14308 10477 61% 973

Population Distribution

As per analysis of primary data & secondary data the distribution of population varies from

place to place. In the Surveyed villages, Sipat is densely populated area. Average Literacy rate

in surveyed villages is 61 %. The avg. sex ratio of surveyed villages is 973. Total household

population come out to be 12467. Average household size is 4.4. The percentage of Male

population is 50.7 % and Female population is 49.3 % i.e. no major difference lies between

Male and Female count.

Vulnerable Group

There are particular groups who, for various reasons, are weak and vulnerable or have

traditionally been victims of violations and consequently require special protection for the

equal and effective enjoyment of their human rights. Such groups fall into reserve category

and the Company has to take special measures to uplift the social strata in this section. The

surveyed villages have very less count of Schedule Tribe and Schedule caste fraction is

comparatively high i.e.26.1 %. The category falling in unreserved category shows the major

occupancy in the area i.e. 57.8 % of the total population.




Table No. 3.7.4 : Demography of Vulnerable groups

S.No. Village Name Total SC ST Others

1 Bhadrapara 1607 5 231 1371

2 Bisrampur 1638 42 1257 339

3 Dhaniya 1802 404 208 1190

4 Hindadih 1366 584 429 353

5 Nawapara 604 0 498 106

6 Darrabhata 3862 1188 257 2417

7 Guri 3471 702 311 2458

8 Jhuli 1430 392 0 1038

9 Lutra 2089 38 932 1119

10 Nargora 3204 1640 282 1282

11 Parsapalli 94 0 94 0

12 Ponri 3674 245 1161 2268

13 Dahitpara 2087 1 1590 496

14 Janji 3308 1444 94 1770

15 Kaudia 3378 462 408 2508

16 Kukda 2729 1181 292 1256

17 Murpar 2421 100 1635 686

18 Pharhada 2541 512 19 2010

19 Sipat 11311 4129 635 6547

20 Uchbaatti 2271 1239 144 888

Total 54887 14308 10477 30102

Literacy level

Literacy denotes progress of a nation as a whole. The “multiplier effect” of literacy empowers

people, enables them to participate fully in society and contributes to improve livelihoods.

Literacy is also a driver for sustainable development in that it enables greater participation in




the labour market; improved child and family health and nutrition; reduces poverty and

expands life opportunities. In the surveyed villages male literacy is greater than female

literacy rate. The Company will make efforts in order to fill the lacunae and indirectly

contribute to the progress of the nation. As per the study, the literacy rate (59 %) is average in

the surveyed villages education awareness & education facilities are adequate so there is a

need to create some more awareness. From the survey it is clear that the literacy rate of

female (41 %) is lower as compared to male population (59 %). Male and female literacy rate

of villages vary from place to place. On whole, female literacy level has to be enhanced to

provide a balance in the society and pace towards economic progress of the area.

Table No. 3.7.5 : Literacy rate in the surveyed villages

S.No. Village Name Total Pop.

Total Literate

Population

Literacy Rate

Male Literacy

Male Literacy

Rate

Female Literacy

Female Literacy

rate

1 Bhadrapara 1607 1054 66% 596 57% 458 43%

2 Bisrampur 1638 828 51% 479 58% 349 42%

3 Dhaniya 1802 1204 67% 675 56% 529 44%

4 Hindadih 1366 857 63% 510 60% 347 40%

5 Nawapara 604 318 53% 191 60% 127 40%

6 Darrabhata 3862 2272 59% 1386 61% 886 39%

7 Guri 3471 2126 61% 1217 57% 909 43%

8 Jhuli 1430 865 60% 537 62% 328 38%

9 Lutra 2089 1360 65% 778 57% 582 43%

10 Nargora 3204 1915 60% 1106 58% 809 42%

11 Parsapalli 94 52 55% 30 58% 22 42%

12 Ponri 3674 2170 59% 1256 58% 914 42%

13 Dahitpara 2087 844 40% 531 63% 313 37%

14 Janji 3308 2138 65% 1237 58% 901 42%

15 Kaudia 3378 2065 61% 1209 59% 856 41%

16 Kukda 2729 1625 60% 985 61% 640 39%

17 Murpar 2421 1380 57% 787 57% 593 43%

18 Pharhada 2541 1449 57% 856 59% 593 41%

19 Sipat 11311 7673 68% 4421 58% 3252 42%

20 Uchbaatti 2271 1349 59% 805 60% 544 40%

Total 54887 33544 59% 19592 59% 13952 41%




Economic Activities

The economy of an area is defined by the occupational pattern and income level of the people

in the area. The occupational structure of residents in the study area is studied with reference

to work category. The population is divided occupation wise into three categories, viz., main

workers, marginal workers and non-workers. The workers include cultivators, agricultural

labourers, those engaged in household industry and other services. While the marginal

workers are those workers, engaged in some work for a period of less than 180 days during

the reference year. The non-workers include those engaged in unpaid household duties,

students, retired persons, dependents, beggars, vagrants etc. besides institutional inmates or

all other non-workers who do not fall under the above categories.

The percentage of total working population and non-working population is 44.1 % and 55.9 %

respectively in the study area.

Table No.3.7.6 : Work force of the surveyed villages

S.No. Village Name Total

Population

Total Worker

Population

Total Non-

Working Population

Main Working

Population

Main Cultivator Population

Main Agricultural Labourers Population

Main Household Industries Population

Main Other

Workers Population

1 Bhadrapara 1607 947 660 536 349 86 20 81

2 Bisrampur 1638 1054 584 442 223 198 2 19

3 Dhaniya 1802 623 1179 157 61 5 4 87

4 Hindadih 1366 532 834 206 52 31 15 108

5 Nawapara 604 365 239 191 80 97 3 11

6 Darrabhata 3862 1781 2081 1426 331 619 5 471

7 Guri 3471 1446 2025 1003 311 356 19 317

8 Jhuli 1430 775 655 335 176 21 3 135

9 Lutra 2089 814 1275 262 79 43 5 135

10 Nargora 3204 1485 1719 1258 306 664 0 288




11 Parsapalli 94 47 47 0 0 0 0 0

12 Ponri 3674 1771 1903 901 376 362 34 129

13 Dahitpara 2087 1165 922 584 271 253 12 48

14 Janji 3308 1268 2040 784 121 198 15 450

15 Kaudia 3378 1462 1916 927 359 317 28 223

16 Kukda 2729 1224 1505 960 262 567 2 129

17 Murpar 2421 1298 1123 1049 334 638 11 66

18 Pharhada 2541 967 1574 713 210 250 3 250

19 Sipat 11311 4152 7159 2706 326 531 71 1778

20 Uchbaatti 2271 1035 1236 314 150 9 16 139

Total 54887 24211 30676 14754 4377 5245 268 4864

It is evident from the above on the basis of information obtained from surveyed villages that

the percentage of total working population is low and dependent population is high. This

indicator shows that the economic conditions are not good. They require livelihood

opportunities to upgrade their economic status and fulfil basic needs. Hindi Energy & Coal

Beneficiation (India) Ltd. will provide some direct employment to the local people based on

the qualification and will also provide training opportunity for self-employment generation.




CHAPTER – 4

ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

&

MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 INTRODUCTION

Impact prediction is a very important phenomenon in evaluating the environmentally

potential adverse impacts for any proposed industrial project. The impact prediction is

always carried out under worst possible conditions so as to mitigate or to eliminate the

environmental hazards. These predictions thus calculated are superimposed over the

baseline data to calculate the net impact on the environment after the proposed project

comes into production.

4.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT

It is possible that increase in the background concentration of even a minor constituent of

the atmosphere may lead to significant changes in the atmospheric properties. So these

changes are essential in understanding potential climatic changes due to air pollutants. For

example under strongly stable condition, disturbances are highly damped and mixing of

pollutants is strongly suppressed. It is under such conditions that the worst air pollution

episodes have occurred.

Prediction of impacts is the most important component in the environmental impact

assessment studies. Several scientific techniques and methodologies are available to predict

impacts of developmental activities on physico, ecological and socioeconomic environments.

Such predictions are superimposed over the baseline (pre project) status of environmental

quality to derive the ultimate (post project) scenario of environmental conditions. The

prediction of impacts helps to identify the environmental management plan required to be

executed during and after commissioning the proposed project to minimize the adverse

impacts on environmental quality.

The mathematical models are the best tools to quantitatively describe cause-effect

relationships between sources of pollution and different components of environment. In

4




case, mathematical models are not available or it is not possible to identify / validate through

models for particular situation, prediction could be arrived at through available scientific

knowledge and judgments.

The mathematical model used for predictions in the present study include, steady state

Gaussian Plume dispersion model designed for multiple point sources for air quality, Wave

divergence and Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) models for noise levels. In case of

water, land, biological and socio-economic environments the predictions have been made

based on available scientific knowledge and judgments.

4.2.1 IMPACT ON TOPOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE

4.2.1.1 IMPACT ON TOPOGRAPHY

The major envisaged topographical changes would be limited to the immediate vicinity of the

plant. The change in topography will be only due to man made structures like Industrial

complex and Administrative building. Similarly, it will invite positive benefits in the form of

land leveling and green belt development within the plant.

4.2.1.2 IMPACTS ON CLIMATE

As the temperature of the flue gases will be at ambient temperature only. Hence there will

not be any thermal imbalance due to the proposed project.

4.2.2 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON AIR ENVIRONMENT

It is absolutely essential to study the impacts of air pollution on its environs due to the

proposed project. These impacts are assessed with the help of Mathematical model based on

steady state Gaussian Plume Dispersion Model designed for multiple point sources for short

term. In the present case, Industrial Source Complex Short Term (ISCST-3), 1993 dispersion

model based on steady state Gaussian plume dispersion, designed for multiple point sources

for short term developed by United States Environment Protection Agency (USEPA) has been

used for simulations from point sources.

Model Input

Emissions

The stack details & emission data from the stack is shown in Table 4.1.1




TABLE 4.1.1 : STACK EMISSIONS

S.No. Stack attached to Dia. (m)

Height (m)

Temp. of flue gas

(0C)

Velocity of flue

gas (m/sec)

PM (g/s)

SO2 (g/s)

NOx (g/s)

1. Coal Crusher 0.3 30 35 4.0 0.01 - -

2. DG Set (250 KVA) 0.18 4

(above building)

90 2.5 0.003 0.2 0.03

Receptor Locations

The software is capable of generating a polar receptor grid at every 10 radial angles at

specified distances (in Kms).

Meteorological data

For the prediction of rise in Ground Level concentrations of pollutants, the actual hourly

meteorological data recorded at the site during the study period (March 2016 to May 2016)

is converted to mean meteorological hourly data as specified by CPCB and the same is used

in the model. In the absence of site specific mixing heights, mixing heights published in

‘Spatial distribution of hourly mixing depths over Indian region’ by Dr. R.N.Gupta have been

used.

Presentation of results

In the present case model simulations have been carried out for the pre summer season. For

the short term simulations, the concentrations have been estimated around 1600 receptors

to obtain optimum description of variations in concentrations over the site in 10 Km. radius

covering 16 directions.

Model Output

The output contains the first through sixth highest concentration values at each receptor,

Maximum concentration tables and daily concentration tables for each averaging period.

4.2.3 SOURCES OF AIR EMISSIONS

Impacts Identified are:

• Raw material unloading

• Coal yard

• Storage bunkers, hoppers

• Coal crusher




• Conveyers & transfer points

• Due to Vehicular movement

Present Scenario

There is no change in the Air Emission sources specified above, as present proposal is only

change in technology from DRY process to WET process. However, the Air Quality Modelling

has been carried out by utilizing the Baseline data collection from March 2016 to May 2016.

The predicted max. Incremental rise in PM concentration (24 hourly) will be 0.62 g/m3 at a

distance of 480 m from the origin stack in the down wind direction over the baseline

concentrations.

The predicted incremental rise in PM concentration due to the Vehicular emission will be 2.7

g/m3.

Hence the total predicted incremental rise due to the emission from coal washery plant and

due the vehicular emission will be 0.62 g/m3 + 2.7 g/m3 = 3.32 g/m3

The predicted incremental rise in NOx concentration due to the Vehicular emission will be

19.8 g/m3.

The predicted incremental rise in CO concentration due to the Vehicular emission will be 12.6

g/m3.

The net resultant concentrations (Maximum baseline conc. + predicted incremental rise in

conc.) of PM10, SO2, NOX and CO are shown in Table No. 4.1.2. The net resultant

concentrations of PM10, SO2, NOX and CO are well within the National Ambient Air Quality

Standards (NAAQS) when the plant commences operation. Hence there will not be any

adverse impact on air environment due to the proposed project.

TABLE 4.1.2 : NET RESULTANT MAXIMUM CONCENTRATIONS DUE TO THE PROJECT

Item PM

(g/m3)

SO2

(g/m3)

NOX

(g/m3)

CO

(g/m3)

Maximum average baseline conc. in the study area 64.5 19.8 21.5 675

Maximum predicted incremental rise in concentration

due to the proposed project

3.32

(0.62 + 2.7) --- 19.8 12.6

Net resultant concentrations during operation of the

plant 67.82 19.8 41.3 687.6

National Ambient Air Quality Standards 100 80 80 2000




Fig. 4.1 : PM Isopleths




Fig. 4.2 : PM (Vehicle) Isopleths




Fig. 4.3 : NOx (Vehicles) Isopleths




Fig. 4.4 : CO (Vehicles) Isopleths




4.3 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON WATER ENVIRONMENT

4.3.1 WATER REQUIREMENT [Gen. TOR # x]

• Total water requirement for 2.4 MTPA (Dry washery) & 1.2 MTPA (Wet process) for

which EC has been accorded is 610 cum/day.

• After conversion of 2.4 MTPA DRY type coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type coal

washery, an additional water of 475 cum/day will be required.

• The total water requirement after proposed change in technology will be 1085 cum/day

only. Water permission has already been obtained from CGWA for drawl of 585 cum/day

of ground water.

• Rain water harvesting will be taken up and this water will be utilised to meet plant water

requirement which in turn will reduce the net water requirement for the plant.

• The source of additional water for the present proposal will be Lilagarh river (Bhawradih

Anicut).

• 41st Minutes of meeting of Water Resources Department, Govt. of Chhattisgarh confirms

the allocations of 0.17 MCM water from Lilagarh river (Bhawradih Anicut). Kindly refer to

Appendix – 5 for minutes of meeting confirming allocation of water.

The details of Water consumption is shown in Table 4.2.1.




TABLE 4.2.1 : WATER REQUIREMENT

S.No. Particular Daily Water

Requirement

Consumption

/ System Loss

Wastewater

Generation

Mode of utilization /

Disposal

1. Process

a Recycled 16400 --- --- Recycle, Close Circuit

Water System b Fresh Make up 785 --- ---

Sub Total 1 17185 785 16400

2. Dust Suppression & Plantation

a Sprinkling on roads 110 110 ---

---

b Dust Suppression 90 90 ---

c Green belt &

Plantation

70 70 ---

Sub Total 2 270 270 --

3. Domestic

a Drinking Water 3 3 --

Septic tanks followed

by sub-surface

dispersion trench

b Domestic use

(washing, flushing,

etc.)

27 27 20*

Sub Total 3 30 30 20

Grand Total (1+2+3) 17485 1085 16400 Zero Discharge

Note :

1. Consumption of existing 2 x 1.2 MTPA Dry and 1 x 1.2 MTPA Wet Process is 610 m3/day.

Additional Requirement after proposed change from dry process to wet process shall be 475

m3/day. Hence, total make up water requirement shall be 1085 m3/day.

2. *20 m3/day domestic effluent will be discharged in Septic tank sub-surface dispersion trench.

4.3.2 WASTEWATER GENERATION

• No process wastewater is being generated in the existing Dry type coal washery. Only

sanitary waste water is being generated and same is being treated in Septic tank

followed by subsurface dispersion.

• There will not be any process wastewater generated in the proposed Wet type coal

washery also, as closed loop water system will be followed.

• Zero effluent discharge is being maintained in the existing plant and same will be

continued in the present proposal.




• Sanitary waste water is being treated in septic tank followed by Subsurface Dispersion

trench and same will be continued in the present proposal.

TABLE 4.2.3

CHARACTERISTICS OF SANITARY WASTE WATER (UNTREATED)

PARAMETER CONCENTRATION

pH 7.0 – 8.5

BOD 200 – 250 mg/l

COD 300 – 400 mg/l

TDS 800 – 900 mg/l

IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACTS ON WATER ENVIRONMENT

IMPACT ENVIRONMENT IDENTIFIED IMPACTS

Water Environment

Impact downstream users of Lilagarh River due to water drawl

Impact on Lilagarh River due to discharge of Effluent from proposed project

Impact on flora, fauna, people, animals, etc

Ground water contamination due to effluent discharge

Untreated waste water

4.3.3 IMPACT ON LILAGARH RIVER

➢ Water required for the proposed project will be sourced from Lilagarh river

(Bhawradih Anicut).

➢ Water is being sprayed at all strategic coal transfer points such as conveyors, loading

unloading points etc. and same practice will be followed in the present proposal also.

➢ Conveyors, transfer points etc. are provided with enclosures and same practice will

be continued in the present proposal also.

➢ The crusher of the coal washery is provided with enclosures, fitted with Dust

extraction system followed by Bag filters and finally emitted through a stack.

➢ Water sprinkling by using fine atomizer nozzles arrangement is provided on the coal

heaps and on land around the crushers and same practice will be continued in the

present proposal also

➢ Closed loop water system is being adopted in the existing plant and same practice will

be continued in the present proposal also. Hence there will not be any waste water

generation from process and cooling.




➢ Rain water harvesting pits have been proposed to recharge the precious ground water in

consultation with CGWB. The depth of ground water table will certainly increase due to

these measures.

Hence there will not be any impact on Lilagarh River and its downstream users due to the

proposed project.

4.4 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS DUE TO NOISE

4.4.1 PREDICTION OF IMPACT DUE TO THE PROPOSED ACTIVITY

The sound pressure level generated by noise source decreases with increasing distance from

the source due to wave divergence.

An additional decrease in sound pressure level with distance from the source is expected,

due to atmospheric effect or its interaction with objects in the path of transmission. For

hemispherical sound wave propagation through homogeneous loss free medium, one can

estimate noise levels at various locations, due to different sources using model based on first

principle, as per the following equation:

Lp2 = Lp1 – 20 Log (r2/r1) - Ael.2

Where Lp1 and Lp2 are sound pressure levels at points located at distance r1 and r2 from the

source and Ae1.2 is the excess attenuation due to environmental conditions. Combined

affect of all the sources then can be determined at various locations by logarithmic addition.

It is first approximation one can assume that for all general population in the villages, every

noise source in the plane is a point source. The average equivalent sound power level of such

a point source can be estimated for different distances and directions from hypothetical

source by applying following equation:

Lp = Lw - 20 Log r – Ae – 8

Where Lw is the sound power level of the source, Lp is sound pressure level at a distance r

and Ae is environmental attenuation factor. A combined noise level Lp (total) of all the

sources at a particular place is given by:

Lp(total) = 10 Log (10Lp1/10) + 10(Lp2/10) + ---------)

Major noise generating sources were identified from the proposed activity for prediction

purposes. The major noise generating sources are DG set & Crushers. The predictions have

been made to represent the worst case. The noise levels at various distances were calculated

using wave divergence model.




The model was run for ascertaining the areas where we could get the noise levels of 35, 45,

50, 55, 60, 65 and considering the other noise generating sources from the proposed project.

Silencers are provided to the DG Sets. Crusher are inside a covered shed. All machinery are

be manufactured keeping in view of the MOEF&CC/OSHA standards on Noise levels. The

Ambient Noise levels are within the standards prescribed by MoEF&CC and same will be

maintained in the present proposal also.

4.4.2 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON COMMUNITY

A day and Night sound pressure level, Ldn is often used to describe the community noise

exposure which includes 10 dBA night time penalties. As the nearest human settlement is

about 0.5 Kms. from the plant, the impact of noise on general population would be

insignificant.

As per the WHO recommendation, there is no identified risk and damage of hearing due to

the noise levels (Leq = 8 hours) less than 75 dBA. Most of the international damage risk

criteria for hearing loss permit (Leq = 12 hours) upto 87 dBA. Further, WHO recommendation

on community noise annoyance, permits day time out door noise levels of 55 dBA. Leq and

night time outdoor noise level of 45 dBA leq to meet sleep criteria i.e. Leq (24 hours) = 52.2.

dBA and Ldn = 5.5 dBA.

4.4.3 PREDICTION OF IMPACT ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

The damage risk criteria as enforced by OSHA (Occupation Safety and Health Administration)

to reduce hearing loss, stipulates that noise level upto 85 dBA are acceptable for 8 hour

working shift per day. Plant authorities are providing ear plugs to the employees & is being

enforced to be used by the employees and same will be maintained in the present proposal

also.

4.4.4 IMPACT ON HABITATION, FLORA & FAUNA DUE TO NOISE LEVELS DUE TO THE PROJECT

There are no National Parks / Sanctuaries / Migratory route for birds / Tiger reserves within

10 Km. radius of the proposed project site. The major noise emanating equipment are

Crushers & DG sets. The noise levels are being maintained by providing and maintaining thick

greenbelt reducing the exposure time of workers to the higher noise levels. All transfer




points, cleats are lined with rubber lining so that the noise levels are reduced. Hence there

will not be any impact on environment due to Noise generated from the proposed project.

4.5 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON LAND ENVIRONMENT

4.5.1 POSSIBLE IMPACT ON GROUNDWATER & MITIGATION

IMPACTS MITIGATION MEASURES PROPOSED

Impact on Groundwater Table

Water required for the proposed will be sourced from Lilagarh river (Bhawradih Anicut). The water after washing coal should be allowed to flow through a series of settling ponds designed from higher elevation to lower elevation and collected in sump/pond/tank which can be reutilized for the process. The design and construction of drainage system should be in consultation with a civil engineer. The drawl of groundwater should be planned from different extractions viz. tube wells following spacing norms as per WALTA Act and time of pumping should be synchronized based on the requirement. Rain water harvesting structures are being constructed in consultation with Central Ground Water Board and this will help in augmenting the ground water table. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on Groundwater table due to the proposed project.

Impact on Surface water body

Water required for the proposed will be sourced from Lilagarh river (Bhawradih Anicut). Conveyors, transfer points etc. are provided with enclosures in the existing plant and same will be continued in the present proposal. Closed loop water system is being maintained in the existing plant same practice will be maintained in the present proposal also. There will not be any waste water generation from process. Middlings & rejects are being given to reject based power plants and same practice will be continued in the present proposal. Hence there will not be any impact on Lilagarh River and its downstream users due to the present proposal.

Groundwater contamination due to coal yard during monsoon

During monsoon season, the problem of coal yard drainage becomes critical due to coal particles and dust in the yard. To take care of this problem, the entire coal storage yard will be provided with separate drains, which will lead to a separate sump of adequate capacity. There all the coal particles will settle at bottom





& the clear water will be utilized for Dust suppression & sanitary purposes. Middlings & rejects are being given to reject based power plants and same practice will be continued in the present proposal. Hence there will not be any contamination of ground water due to the project.

4.5.2 IMPACT ON GEOLOGY & MITIGATION


Impact on Geology due to Top soil excavation for construction activities

Preparation of site will involve excavations and fillings. The earthen material generated during excavations and site grading periods, will be properly dumped and slope stabilisation will be taken up. The topsoil generated during construction will be preserved and reused for plantations. Due to the Top soil preservation, no significant adverse impact on geology of the area due to the construction activities.

Bed rock stability in the project area.

No bed rock removal is involved in excavation during construction of the proposed plant. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on the stability of the bed rock. Only grading to some extent is anticipated.

4.5.3 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON SOIL

➢ To control the fugitive emissions dust extraction system and dust suppression system is

installed at all the possible dust emanating areas and same practice will be maintained in

the present proposal also. Hence it will not have any impact on nearby top soil.

➢ Stack monitoring & analysis report of SPCB also confirms that the industry is meeting the

norms.

➢ Zero effluent discharge is being maintained in the existing plant and same practice will be

continued in the present proposal also. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on

land environment due to the proposed project.

➢ Washery rejects is main solid waste generated from the proposed coal washery unit and

same is being given to reject based power plant. Washery rejects of 0.72 MTPA will be

given to Power plant of M/s. Prakash Industries Ltd., Janjgir – Champa District,

Chhattisgarh.




If all Air pollution control systems, Effluent management system, solid waste management

systems, greenbelt development in 1/3rd of the total land, then there will not be any adverse

impact on soil due to the proposed activities.

4.6 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON FLORA & FAUNA AND AGRICULTURAL LAND

The present proposal of change in technology will be taken up in the existing plant premises

only i.e. in an area of 27.42 acres of land. As there are no endangered species in the vicinity

of the proposed activity, there should not be any concern for the loss of important

germoplasm that needs conservation.

To control the fugitive emissions dust extraction system and dust suppression system is

installed at all the possible dust emanating areas and same practice will be maintained in the

present proposal also. Hence it will not have any impact on nearby top soil.

Stack monitoring & analysis report of SPCB also confirms that the industry is meeting the

norms.

Zero effluent discharge is being maintained in the existing plant and same practice will be

continued in the present proposal also. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on land

environment due to the proposed project.

Washery rejects is main solid waste generated from the proposed coal washery unit and

same is being given to reject based power plant. Washery rejects of 0.72 MTPA will be given

to Power plant of M/s. Prakash Industries Ltd., Janjgir – Champa District, Chhattisgarh.

MoU copy for supply of washery rejects is enclosed as Appendix – 2.

Hence there will not be any adverse impact on land environment due to the solid waste

generation.

Greenbelt is considered essential for maintaining the stability of the environment of the

area. 9.1 Acres of extensive greenbelt is being developed in the proposed project as per

CPCB guidelines.




4.7 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS DUE TO VEHICULAR MOVEMENT [Gen. TOR # xi]

➢ The ROM coal from SECL mines mainly from Deepka, Gevra, Kusmunda and other mines

is being transported by Road / Rail and same practice will be followed in the present

proposal also.

➢ Washed coal and Washery rejects is being transported to parties through Road / Rail and

same practiced will be followed in the present proposal also.

➢ Rail transportation is being served from own Railway Siding at Ghatora (20.0 Kms.) and

same will be used for present proposal also.

➢ Transportation of Raw Coal from the SECL mines in the region depends on their rail

connectivity, availability of rakes for short distance and permission from SECL to do so.

➢ Transportation to the nearby client and those not linked to rail network will be by Road.

➢ Washed coal from the plant is being transported by Rail / road in covered trucks directly

to the customer and same will be continued in the present proposal. The mode of

transport of washed coal will depend on the MoU with the customers who may have

either road transport or rail transport.

➢ All the trucks used for transportation of raw materials is being covered and same

practiced will be followed.

➢ Total nos. of trucks for the transportation of Raw Coal, Washed and Rejects is 960 per

day.

Kindly refer to Figure - 4.5 for Transportation route and Table No. 4.7.1 for Traffic Study.

All the trucks required for transportation of coal is being covered and environmentally

compliant. Pucca road exist upto the site. The existing road is capable of absorbing this

additional truck movement. Avenue plantation is being taken up along the road to prevent

the fugitive emissions apart from the existing plantation.

Hence there will not be any significant impact by fugitive dust generation during

transportation of Raw Coal, Washed and Rejects.

Hence there will not be any adverse impact on vehicular traffic due to the proposed project.




Fig. 4.5 : Transportation Route




Table No. 4.7.1




4.8 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

The local areas will be benefited by way of generation of employment opportunities,

increased demand for local products and services. There will be an overall improvement in

the income level of the local people.

The project creates employment to about 21 persons once the plant is commissioned and for

50 persons during construction stage. Priority will be given to locals for Semi-Skilled and

Unskilled jobs. With the implementation of the proposed project, there will be lot of scope

for more industrial investments which in turn will benefit the nation.

The project authorities intend to provide welfare activities recreational facilities in the

surrounding villages once the plant commences production. CSR activities are being taken

up. The project authorities intend to conduct regular health checkups in the surrounding

villages. Therefore there will be a certain enhancement of educational and medical standards

of people in the study area. There will be generally positive and beneficial impacts by way of

economic improvements, transportation, aesthetic environment and business generation.

There will be an overall upliftment of socio-economic status of people in the area.




CHAPTER – 5

ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE)

5.1 ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES

Production of washed coal from Raw Coal through wet type of coal washery is a well proven

technology all over the world. Hence no technological failures are anticipated. Hence no

alternative technologies are considered.

5.2 ALTERNATIVE SITES EXAMINED [Gen. TOR # i]



existing plant i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY type coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type coal

washery. Existing plant is located in an area of 27.42 acres of land and present proposal of

change in technology will be taken up in the existing plant premises only. No additional is

envisaged for the present proposal. Existing plant is having valid consents. Hence no

alternative sites were examined.

5




CHAPTER – 6

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

6.1 TECHNICAL ASPECTS

6.1.1 METHODOLOGIES

To know the effectiveness of environmental mitigation measures post project

environmental monitoring program will be strictly followed as per statutory requirement.

• Dust extraction system with bag filters will be provided near the raw material

unloading, raw material handling, coal crusher, material transfer points, etc. Dust

generated from raw material unloading areas will be controlled by providing dust

suppression system.

• Energy meters will be provided to all air emission control systems to ensure effective

operation of the control systems.

• All air emission control systems will be taken-up for maintenance as per prescribed

dates and always ensure compliance with norms.

• Fugitive emissions will be monitored and CPCB regulation in this regard will be

followed.

• CECB will also carry out stack monitoring and ambient air quality at regular intervals.

This will also help in cross checking the performance of Pollution control systems

implemented in the plant.

6.1.2 FREQUENCY & LOCATIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

A comprehensive monitoring programme is given under. This environmental monitoring

will be entrusted to a third party.

MONITORING SCHEDULE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS

S.No. Particulars Frequency of Monitoring

Duration of sampling

Parameters required to be monitored

1.Water & Waste water quality

A. Water quality (around storage yards)

Once in a month Grab sampling

As per IS: 10500

2. Air Quality

A. Stack Monitoring Once in a month PM

B. Ambient Air quality Twice a week 24 hours PM2.5, PM10,

6







continuously SO2 & NOx

C. Fugitive emission monitoring

Once in a month 8 hours PM

3. Meteorological Data

A. Meteorological data to be monitored at the plant site.

Daily Continuous monitoring

Temperature, Relative Humidity, rainfall, wind direction & wind speed

4. Noise Levels

A. Noise Levels Once in a month one day in a month on hourly basis

Ambient Noise levels in dBA

6.1.3 DATA ANALYSIS

All the parameters will be analysed as per IS procedures specified for those parameters. All

water samples will be analysed for various parameters as per IS: 10500 with the specified

procedures.

The methodology adopted for monitoring & analysis of PM2.5 & PM10 is as per IS: 5182 Part

IV SO2, NOx & CO as per IS: 5182 Part II & Part VI respectively. Samples were analysed for

SO2 using improved West-Gaeke method for air samples using a spectrophotometer at a

wavelength of 560 nm.

Samples were analysed for NOx using Jacob and Hocheiser modified (Na-As) method, for Air

samples using a spectrophotometer at wavelength of 540 nm.

PM10 & PM2.5 in ambient air are found by using Respirable Dust Sampler (RDS) & APM-550.

6.1.4 REPORTING SCHEDULE

After completion of analysis copies of all the analysis reports will be submitted to the

Ministry of Environment Forests & Climate Change and CECB regularly. A copy of the report

will be maintained in the plant and will be made available to the concerned inspecting

authorities.




6.1.5 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

In case of emergency shutdown all the safety precautions will be taken as per the

procedure given by the supplier.

6.1.6 DETAILED BUDGET & PROCUREMENT SCHEDULES

The budgetary allocation for Environmental monitoring is Rs. 2.0 Lakh / Annum. A third

party will be engaged to monitor all the environmental parameters as per CPCB/CECB

norms.




CHAPTER – 7

ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT

7.1.1 INTRODUCTION

Risk analysis deals with the identification and quantification of risks, the plant equivalent and

personnel are exposed to, due to accidents resulting from the hazards present in the factory.

Hazard analysis involves the identification and quantification of the various hazards that are

likely to occur in the factory.

The various hazard analysis techniques that may be applied are Hazard and Operability

(HAZOP) studies, Fault - Tree Analysis (FTA), event –tree analysis and, failure and effects

mode analysis.

Risk analysis follows an extensive hazard analysis. It involves the identification and

assessment of risks the neighbouring populations are exposed to as result of hazard present.

This requires a through knowledge of failure probability, credible accident scenario,

vulnerability of populations etc. Much of this information is difficult to get or generate.

Consequently, the risk analysis is often confined to maximum creditable accident studies.

7.1.2 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of work is to carry out risk analysis for the proposed plant covering all the

hazardous chemicals to be handled and stored at the plant.

The risk assessment study will cover following aspects:

➢ Selection of credible scenarios

➢ Consequences Analysis of selected accidents scenarios both onsite and off-site

On-site

• Emission/spillage etc. from storage & handling

• Exposure to fugitive dust, noise, and other emissions

• Housekeeping practices requiring contact with solid and liquid wastes

7




Off-site

• Exposure to pollutants released from on site/ storage/related activities

• Contamination due to accidental releases or normal release in combination with

natural hazard

• Deposition of toxic pollutants in vegetation / other sinks and possible sudden

releases due to accidental occurrences

➢ Review of Safety at the plant

➢ Risk Mitigation Measures

7.1.3 FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM

The following Fire Protection system will be provided in the plant.

- Hydrant system covering the entire plant including all important auxiliaries and buildings. The

system will be complete with piping, valves instrumentation, hoses, nozzles and hydrants,

valves etc.

- Portable extinguisher such as pressurized water type, carbon dioxide type and foam type will

be located at strategic locations through out the plant.

- Modular type carbon dioxide panel injection fire extinguishing system will be provided at

unmanned electrical and electronic equipment room.

The following pumps will be provided in the fire protection system.

Fire water pumps.

(Fire water reservoir is part of the main water reservoir)

a) AC motor driven fire water pumps for hydrant.

b) Diesel engine driven pump as stand by for the above.

c) Jackey pump 1 no. (AC motor driven) for maintaining pressure.

Suitable number of electric motor driven and diesel engine operated hydrant and spray

pumps with automatic starting will be provided for the above systems. The fire water pumps

will take suction from the fire water reservoir to be created in the plant area.




7.1.4 METHODOLOGY OF MCA ANALYSIS

The MCA Analysis involved ordering and ranking of various sections in terms of potential

vulnerability. The following steps were involved in MCA Analysis.

• Preparation of an inventory of major storages and rank them on the basis of their hazard

properties.

• Identification of potentially hazardous storage sections and representative failure cases

from the vessels and the pipelines.

• Visualisation of chemical release scenarios.

• Effect and damage calculation from the release cases through mathematical modeling.

• Inventory Analysis and Fire & Explosion and Toxicity Index (FETI) are the two techniques

employed for hazard identification process.

7.1.5 FIRE & EXPLOSION AND TOXICITY INDEX

The role of Fire & Explosion Index (FEI) aids quantitative hazard identification. The FEI is

calculated by evaluating the loss potential of all the units in the storage area and the

hazardous areas were classified accordingly.

The role of FEI is

• Identification of the equipment/areas that could likely contribute to the creation or

escalation of incident and relatively rank the incidents.

• Quantification of the expected damage of potential fire and explosion incidents.

• Preparation of guidelines for mitigating fire hazards.

The loss potential which could actually be experienced under the most adverse operating

conditions is quantitatively evaluated. The FEI is used for any operation in which a flammable,

combustible or reactive material is stored, handled or processed.

FEI = MF * GPH * SPH

Where MF : Material factor

GPH : General Process Hazard

SPH : Special Process Hazard




TOXICITY INDEX

The Toxicity Index is calculated using the Nh, Ts, GPH and SPH. TI is calculated by the

following formula.

(Nh + Ts) * (1 + GPH + SPH)

TI = -------------------------------------------

100

7.1.6 ASSESSMENT OF RISK AT M/s. HIND ENERGY & COAL BENEFICIATION (INDIA) LTD.

Based on the storage inventory the following areas are identified as potential safety risk areas

are shown in Table 7.1.

TABLE 7.1

POSSIBLE RISKS FROM THE PROPOSED PLANT

S.No. Description Process Potential Hazard Provision

1. Coal storage shed

Storage of coal

Fire and spontaneous combustion

Water sprinkling system will be installed on stocks of pile to prevent spontaneous combustion and consequent fire hazards.

2. Stock pile Storage Fire and dust explosions

Height of the stock pile will be 10 m only. The stack geometry will be adopted to maintain minimum exposure of stock pile areas towards predominant wind direction temperature will be monitored in the stock piles regularly to detect any at normal rise in temperature inside the stock pile to be enable to control the same.

7.1.6.1 COAL HANDLING PLANT (DUST EXPLOSION) & COAL STORAGE (SPONT. COMBUSTION)

Coal dust when dispersed in air and ignited will explode. Crusher houses and conveyor

systems are most susceptible to this hazard. The minimum of explosive concentration of coal

dust (33% volatiles) is 50 grams/m3. Failure of dust extraction & suppression systems may

lead to abnormal conditions and increasing the concentration of coal dust to the explosive

limits. The sources of ignition are incandescent bulbs, electric equipment & cables, friction &

spontaneous combustion in accumulated dust. Dust explosion may occur without any warning




with maximum explosion pressure upto 6.4 bars. Another dangerous characteristic of dust

explosions is that it sets off secondary explosions after the occurrence of initial dust

explosion.

Stock pile area shall be provided with automatic garden type sprinklers for dust suppression

as well as to reduce spontaneous ignition of coal stock piles, necessary water distribution net

work will be provided for distributing water at all transfer points, crusher house, control

room, etc.

A centralised control room with microprocessor based control system has been envisaged for

operation of the coal handling plant. Except locally controlled equipment like travelling

tripper, dust extraction / dust suppression / ventilation equipment, sump pumps, water

distribution system all other in line equipment will have provision for local control as well. All

necessary inter local control panels will be provided for safe and reliable operation of the coal

handling plant.

Control measures for coal yard

The entire quantity of coal will be stored in separate stack piles, with proper drains around to

collect washouts during the monsoon. Water sprinkling system will be installed on stocks of

pile to prevent spontaneous combustion and consequent fire hazards. The stack geometry

will be adopted to maintain minimum exposure of stock pile areas towards predominant wind

direction temperature will be monitored in the stock piles regularly to detect any at normal

rise in temperature inside the stock pile to be enable to control the same.

7.1.7 RISK & CONSEQUENCE ANALYSIS OF FIRE

The principle objective of this study is to identify the potential hazards estimate the effects of

hazards to people both with in and outside the plant premises.

• Identification of possible failure cases of the facilities which might affect the population

and property within the plant boundary.

• Assessment of consequential effect on surrounding population, property etc., due to

onset of such failures.

• Suggest recommendations based on consequence analysis relevant to the situations.




7.1.7.1 EFFECTIVE CONTROLS

Ignition sources in the vicinity. Pressurisation of buildings not having explosion - proof fittings,

switching off power supply from a central place, blanket ban on smoking, proper maintenance

of flame proof fittings.

The thick green belt to be developed will help to mitigate the radiation intensity level outside

plant boundary.

7.2 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

7.2.1 DISASTERS

A disaster is catastrophic situation in which suddenly, people are plunged into helplessness

and suffering and as a result, need protection, clothing, shelter, medical and social care and

other necessities of life.

Disasters can be divided into two main groups. In the first, are Disasters resulting from natural

phenomena like earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, cyclones, tropical storms, floods,

avalanches, landslides etc. The second group includes disastrous events occasioned by man,

or by man's impact upon the environment. Examples are industrial accidents, radiation

accidents, factory fires, explosions and escape of toxic gases or chemical substances, river

pollution, mining or other structural collapses, air, sea, rail and road transport accidents and

can reach catastrophic dimensions in terms of human loss.

There can be no set criteria for assessing the gravity of a disaster in the abstract it depends to

a large extent on the physical, economic and social environment in which it occurs. What

would be considered a major disaster in developing country, will be equipped to cope with

the problems involved, and may not mean more than temporary emergency elsewhere.

However all disasters bring in their wake similar consequences that call for immediate action

for the rescue and relief of the victims. This includes the search for the dead and injured,

medical and social care, removal of the debris, the provision of temporary shelter for the

homeless food, clothing and medical supplies, and the rapid reestablishment of essential

services.




7.2.2 OBJECTIVES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT OF PLAN

The disaster Management Plan is aimed to ensure safety of life, protection of environment,

protection of installation, restoration of production and salvage operations in this same order

of priorities. For effective implementation of Disaster Management Plan, it will be widely

circulated and personnel training through rehearsals.

The Disaster Management Plan would reflect the probable consequential severity of

undesired event due to deteriorating conditions or through knock on effects. Further the

management should be able to demonstrate that their assessment of the consequences uses

good supporting evidence and based on currently available and reliable information, incident

data from internal and external sources and if necessary the reports of outside agencies.

To tackle the consequences of a major emergency inside the factory or immediate vicinity of

the factory, a Disaster Management Plan has to be formulated and this planned emergency is

called Disaster Management Plan.

The objective of the Industrial Disaster Management Plan is to make use of the combined

resources of the Plant and the outside services to achieve the following:

• Minimize damage to property and the environment.

• Effect the rescue and medical treatment of causalities.

• Provide for the needs of relatives.

• Provide authoritative information to news media.

• Secure the safe rehabilitation of affected areas.

• Safeguard other people.

Initially contain and then ultimately bring the situation under the control.

Preserve subsequent records and equipment for subsequent enquiry the cause and

circumstances leading to emergency.




7.2.3 EMERGENCIES

7.2.3 1 GENERAL, INDUSTRIAL, EMERGENCIES

The emergencies that could be envisaged in the Plant are as follows:

• Contamination of food / water.

• Sabotage / social disorder.

• Structural failures.

• Slow isolated fires.

7.2.3.2 SPECIFIC EMERGENCIES ANTICIPATED

During the study of risk assessment, the probabilities of occurrence of hazards are worked out

along with the nature of damage. This is the reason why one should study risk assessment in

conjunction with DMP.

7.2.3.3 EMERGENCY ORGANISATION

It is recommended to setup an Emergency Organisation. A senior executive who has control

over the affairs of the Plant would be heading the Emergency Organisation. He would be

designated as Site Controller. In the case of stores, utilities, open areas which are the not

under the control of production heads, executive responsible for maintenance of utilities

would be designated as Incident Controller. All the Incident Controllers would be reporting to

the site controller.

Each Incident Controller, for himself, organizes a team responsible for controlling the incident

with the personnel under his control. Shift in-charge would be the reporting Officer, who

would bring the incident to the notice of the Incident Controller and the Site Controller.

Emergency Coordinators would be appointed who would undertake the responsibilities like

fire fighting, rescue, rehabilitation, transport and support services. For this purposes, Security

in-charge, Personal Department, Essential services personnel would be engaged. All these

personnel would be designated as key personnel.

In each shift, electrical supervisor, electrical fitters, pump house incharge and other

maintenance staff would be drafted for emergency operations. In the event of Power

communication system failure, some of staff members in the office/ Plant offices would be




drafted and their services would be utilized as messengers for quick passing of

communications. All these personnel would be declared as essential personnel.

7.2.3.4 EMERGENCY COMMUNICATION

Whoever notices an emergency situation such as fire, growth of fire, leakage etc. would

inform his immediate superior and Emergency Control Center. The person on duty in the

Emergency Control Centre would appraise the site controller. Site controller verifies the

situation from the Incident Controller of that area or the shift incharge and takes a decision

about implementing on Site Emergency. This would be communicated to all the Incident

Controllers, Emergency Coordinators. Simultaneously, the emergency warning system would

be activated on the instructions of the Site Controller.

7.2.3.5 EMERGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES

The responsibilities of the key personnel are appended below:

7.2.3.5.1 SITE CONTROLLER

On receiving information about emergency he would rush to Emergency Control Centre and

take charge of ECC and the situation and assesses the magnitude of the situation on the

advice of incident controller and decides.

• Whether affected area needs to be evacuated.

• Whether personnel who are at assembly points need to be evacuated.

• Declares Emergency and orders for operation of emergency siren.

• Organises announcement by public address system about location of emergency.

• Assesses which areas are likely to be affected, or need to be evacuated or to be altered.

• Maintains a continuous review of possible development and assesses the situation in

consultation with Incident Controller and other key personnel whether shutting down the

Plant or any section of the Plant required and if evacuation of persons is required.

• Directs personnel of rescue, rehabilitation, transport, fire brigade, medical and other

designated mutual support systems locally available for meeting emergencies.

• Controls evacuation of affected areas, if the situation is likely to go out of control or

effects are likely to go beyond the premises of the factory, informs to District Emergency

Authority, Police, and Hospital and seeks their intervention and help.




• Informs Inspector of factories, Deputy Chief Inspector of factories, CECB and other

statutory authorities.

• Gives public statement if necessary.

• Keeps record of chronological events and prepares an investigation report and preserves

evidences.

On completion of onsite Emergency and restoration of normalcy, declares all clear and orders

for all clear signal.

7.2.3.5.2 INCIDENT CONTROLLER

• Assembles the incident control team.

• Directs operations within the affected areas with the priorities for safety to personnel

minimize damage to the Plant, property and environment and minimize the loss of

materials.

• Directs the shutting down and evacuation of Plant and areas likely to be adversely

affected by the emergency.

• Ensures that all-key personnel help is sought.

• Provides advice and information to the Fire and Security officer and the local Fire

Services as and when they arrive.

• Ensures that all non-essential workers / staff of the effected areas evacuated to the

appropriate assembly points and the areas are searched for causalities.

• Has regard to the need for preservation of evidence so as to facilitate any enquiry into

the cause and circumstances, which caused or escalated the emergency.

• Coordination on with emergency services at the site.

• Provides tools and safety equipments to the team members.

• Keeps in touch with the team and advise them regarding the method of control to be

used.

• Keep the site Controller of Emergency informed of the progress being made.

7.2.3.5.3 EMERGENCY COORDINATOR - RESCUE, FIRE FIGHTING

• On knowing about emergency rushes to Emergency Control Centre.

• Helps the incident controller in containment of the emergency.




• Ensure fire pumps in operating conditions and instructs pump house operator to be

ready for any emergency.

• Guides the fire fighting crew i.e. Firemen trained Plant personnel and security staff.

• Organises shifting the fire fighting facilities to the emergency site, if required.

• Takes guidance of the Incident Controller for fire fighting as well as assesses the

requirements of outside help.

• Arranges to control the traffic at the gate and the incident area / Directs the security

staff to the incident site to take part in the emergency operations under his guidance

and supervision.

• Evacuates the people in the Plant or in the near by areas as advised by site controller.

• Searches for casualties and arranges proper aid for them.

• Assembles search and evacuation team.

• Arranges for safety equipments for the members of his team.

• Decides which paths the evacuated workers should follow.

• Maintains law and order in the area, and if necessary, seeks the help of police.

7.2.3.5.4 EMERGENCY COORDINATOR - MEDICAL, MUTUAL AID, REHABILITATION, TRANSPORT

AND COMMUNICATION

• The event of failure of electric supply and there by internal telephone, sets up

communication point and establishes contact with the Emergency Control Center

(ECC).

• Organises medical treatment to the injured and if necessary, will shift the injured to

near by hospitals.

• Mobilizes extra medical help from outside, if necessary

• Keeps a list of qualified first aiders of the factory and seek their assistance.

• Maintains first aid and medical emergency requirements.

• Makes sure that all safety equipment are made available to the emergency team.

• Assists Site Controller with necessary data and to coordinate the emergency activities.

• Assists Site Controller in updating emergency plan.

• Maintains liaison with Civil Administration.

• Ensure availability of canteen facilities and maintenance of rehabilitation centre.

• He will be in liaison with Site Controller / Incident Controller.




• Ensures availability of necessary cash for rescue / rehabilitation and emergency

expenditure.

• Controls rehabilitation of affected areas on discontinuation of emergency.

• Makes available diesel petrol for transport vehicles engaged in emergency operation.

7.2.3.5.5 EMERGENCY COORDINATOR – ESSENTIAL SERVICES

He would assist Site Controller and Incident Controller

• Maintains essential services like Diesel Generator, Water, Fire Water, Compressed Air

/ Instrument Air, Power Supply for lighting.

• He would plan alternate facilities in the event of Power failure, to maintain essential

services such as lighting, etc.

• He would organize separate electrical connections for all utilities and during

emergency be coordinates that the essential services and utilities are not affected.

• Gives necessary instructions regarding emergency electrical supply, isolation of certain

sections etc to shift incharge and electricians.

• Ensure availability of adequate quantities of protective equipment and other

emergency materials, spares etc.

7.2.3.5.6 GENERAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF EMPLOYEES DURING AN EMERGENCY

During an emergency, it becomes more enhanced and pronounced when an emergency

warning is raised, the workers if they are incharge of process equipment should adopt safe

and emergency shut down and attend any prescribed duty as an essential employee. If no

such responsibility is assigned, he should adopt a safe course to assembly point and await

instructions. He should not resort to spread panic. On the other hand, he must assist

emergency personnel towards objectives of DMP.

7.2.3.6. EMERGENCY FACILITIES

7.2.3.6.1 EMERGENCY CONTROL CENTRE

For the time being office block is identified as Emergency control centre. It would have

external Telephone & Fax facility. All the Incident controller officers, senior personnel would

be located here.




The following information and equipment are to be provided at the Emergency control centre

(ECC).

• Intercom, telephone

• P&T telephone

• Fire suit / gas tight goggles / gloves / helmets

• Factory layout, site plan

• Emergency lamp / torchlight

• Plan indicating locations of hazard inventories, Plant control room, sources of safety

equipment, work road plan, assembly points, rescue location vulnerable zones, escape

routes.

• Hazard chart

• Safe contained breathing apparatus

• Hand tools, wind direction, wind velocity indications

• Public Address Megaphone, Hand bell, Telephone directories (Internal, P&T).

• Address with telephone numbers and key personnel, Emergency coordinator.

• Important addresses, telephone numbers such as experts from outside, government

agencies neighboring industries etc.

• Emergency shut down procedures.

• Nominal roll of employees.

7.2.3.6.2 EMERGENCY POWER SUPPLY

Plant facilities would be connected to Diesel Generator and would be placed in auto mode.

7.2.3.6.3 FIRE FIGHTING FACILITIES

First Aid Fire fighting equipment suitable for emergency should be maintained as per

statutory requirements per TAC Regulations. Fire hydrant line converting major areas would

be laid. It would be maintained as 6 kg / sq.cm. pressure.

7.2.3.6.4 LOCATION OF WIND SOCK

On the top of production block and on the top of administrative block wind socks would be

installed to indicate direction of wind during emergency period.




7.2.3.6.5 EMERGENCY MEDICAL FACILITIES

Gas masks and general first aid materials for dealing with chemical burns, fire burns etc.

would be maintained in the medical centre as well as in the emergency control room. Private

medical practitioners help would be sought. Government hospital would be approached for

emergency help.

Apart from Plant first aid facilities, external facilities would be augmented. Names of Medical

Personnel, Medical facilities in Bilaspur will be prepared and updated. Necessary specific

medicines for emergency treatment of Burns patients and for those affected by toxicity would

be maintained.

Breathing apparatus and other emergency medical equipment would be provided and

maintained. The help of near by industrial managements in this regard would be taken on

mutual support basis.

7.2.3.7 EMERGENCY ACTIONS

7.2.3.7.1 EMERGENCY WARNING

Communication of emergency would be made familiar to the personnel inside the plant and

people outside. An emergency warning system would be established.

7.2.3.7.2 EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN

There are number of facilities which can be provided to help in dealing with hazard

conditions. The suggested arrangements are

• Stop feed

• Deluge contents

• Remove heat

• Transfer contents

Methods of removing additional heat include removal the normal cooling arrangements or

use of an emergency cooling system. Cooling facilities which is vaporising liquid may be

particularly effective, since a large increase in vaporization can be obtained by dropping

pressure.




7.2.3.7.3 EVACUATION OF PERSONNEL

The area would have adequate number of exits and staircases. In the event of an emergency,

unconnected personnel have to escape to assembly point. Operators have to take emergency

shutdown procedure and escape. Time office maintains a copy of deployment of employees

in each shift at Emergency Communication Centre. If necessary, persons can be evacuated by

rescue teams.

7.2.3.7.4 ALL CLEAR SIGNAL

At the end of emergency, after discussing with Incident Controllers and Emergency

Coordinators, the site controller orders an all clear signal.

7.3 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SURVEILLANCE

Large industries where multifarious activities are involved during construction, erection,

testing, commissioning, operation and maintenance, the men, materials and machines are the

basic inputs. Along with the booms, the industrialization generally brings several problems

like occupational health and safety.

EMP for the Occupational Safety & Health hazards

The health of workers can be protected by adopting the following measures:

• Proper Designing of building, Work area

• Good Housekeeping practices

• Well engineered ventilation & exhaust system

• Enclosure

• Isolation of specific areas

• Enforcement of usage of Personal Protective Devices.

• Regular Work Environment Monitoring

• Working hours

7.3.1 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Occupational health needs attention both during construction and operation phases.

However the problem varies both in magnitude and variety in the above phases.




7.3.2 CONSTRUCTION & ERECTION

The occupational health problems envisaged at this stage can mainly be due to constructional

and noise.

To overcome these hazards, in addition to arrangements required to reduce it within TLV'S,

personnel protective equipments should also be supplied to workers.

7.3.3 OPERATION & MAINTENANCE

The working personnel should be given the following appropriate personnel protective

equipments.

• Industrial Safety helmets

• Crash helmets

• Face shield with replacement acrylic vision

• Zero power plain goggles with cut type filters on both ends

• Zero power goggles with cut type filters on both sides and blue colour glasses

• Welders equipment for eye and face protection

• Cylindrical type earplug

• Ear plugs

• Canister gas masks

• Self contained breathing apparatus

• Leather apron

• Safety belt / line man's safety belt

• Leather hand gloves

• Asbestos hand gloves

• Canvas cum leather hand gloves with leather palm

• Industrial safety shoes with steel toe

• Electrical safety shoes without steel toe and gum boots

7.3.4 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

✓ Pre-employment checkup will be made mandatory and following test will be

conducted:

Plan of evaluation of health of workers

✓ Chest x rays




✓ Audiometry

✓ Spirometry

✓ Vision testing (Far & Near vision, color vision and any other ocular defect)

✓ ECG

✓ Haemogram (examination of the blood)

✓ Urine (Routine and Microscopic)

✓ Complete physical examination

✓ Musculo-skeletal disorders (MSD)

✓ Backache

✓ Pain in minor and major joints

✓ Fatigue, etc.

• All workers shall be medically tested once in a year and at the end of his term of

employment.

• Medical records of each employee will be maintained separately and will be updated as

per finding during monitoring.

• Medical records of the employee at the end of his / her term will be updated.

• Periodic health checkups (spirometric tests) will be conducted periodically.

✓ Frequency Of Periodical Examination

For employees <30 Years once in five years

Between 31-50 Years once in four years

Between 41-50 Years once in two years

Above >50 years once a year

• As all required emission control systems will be installed and operated to comply with the

norms. Secondary fugitive emissions will also be controlled as per EMP suggested. Hence

there will not be any adverse impact due to dust on the environment.

• Audiometric tests will be carried out for employees working near the noise prone areas in

the plant. The proposed extensive greenbelt development will help in attenuating the

noise levels further.

7.4 SAFETY PLAN

Safety of both men and materials during construction and operation phases is of concern. The

preparedness of an industry for the occurrence of possible disasters is known as emergency




plan. The disaster in Project is possible due to collapse of structures and fire / explosion etc.

The details of fire fighting equipments to be installed are given below.

• Carbon dioxide

• Foam type

• DCP

• Soda acid type

• Fire buckets

• Fire hydrants

Keeping in view the safety requirement during construction, operation and maintenance

phases, Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. has formulated safety policy with the

following regulations.

• To take steps to ensure that all known safety factors are taken into account in the

design, construction, operation and maintenance of Plants, machinery and equipment.

• To allocate sufficient resources to maintain safe and healthy conditions of work.

• To ensure that adequate safety instructions are given to all employees.

• To provide where ever necessary protective equipment, safety appliances and clothing

and to ensure their proper use.

• To inform employees about materials, equipments or processes used in their work

which are known to be potentially hazardous to health and safety?

• To keep all operations and methods of work under regular review for making

necessary changes from the safety point of view in the light of experience and up to

date knowledge.

• To provide appropriate facilities for first aid and prompt treatment of injuries and

illness at work.

• To provide appropriate instructions, training and supervision to employee’s health and

safety, first aid and to ensure that adequate publicity is given to these matters.

• To ensure proper implementation of fire preventive methods and an appropriate fire

fighting service along with training facilities for personnel involved in this service.

• To publish / notify regulations, instructions and notices in the common language

employees.




• To prepare separate safety rules for each type of process involved.

• To ensure regular safety inspection by a competent person at suitable intervals of all

buildings, equipments, work places and operations.

7.4.1 SAFETY ORGANISATION

7.4.1.1 CONSTRUCTION AND ERECTION PHASE

A highly qualified and experienced safety officer will be appointed. The responsibilities of the

safety officers include identification of the hazardous conditions and unsafe acts of workers

and advise on corrective actions, conduct safety audit, organize training programmes and

provide professional expert advice on various issues related to occupational safety and

health.

In addition to employment of safety officer, every contractor, who employees more than 250

workers, should also employ one safety officer to ensure safety of the workers in accordance

with the conditions of the contract.

7.4.1.2 OPERATION & MAINTENANCE PHASE

When the construction is completed the posting of safety officers should be in accordance

with the requirement of factories act and their duties and responsibilities should be as

defined there of.

7.4.1.3 SAFETY CIRCLE

In order to fully develop the capabilities of the employees in identification of hazardous

processes and improving safety and health, safety circles would be constituted in each area of

work. The circle would consist of 5-6 employees from that area. The circle normally should

meet for about an hour every week.

7.4.2 SAFETY TRAINING

A fully fledged training centre will be established at Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India)

Ltd. Safety training will be provided by the safety officers with the assistance of faculty

members called from professional safety institutions and universities. In addition to regular

employees, limited contractor labors will also given safety training.




To create safety awareness safety films will be shown to workers and leaflets etc. will be

distributed.

• Reliable and dependable type of fire detection system with proper zoning and

interlocks for alarms are effective protection methods for conveyor galleries.

• Housekeeping of high standard helps in eliminating the causes of fire and regular fire

watching system strengthens fire prevention and fire fighting.

7.4.3 HEALTH AND SAFETY MONITORING PLAN

All the potential occupational hazardous work places will be monitored regularly. The health

of employees working in these areas will be monitored once in a year

7.5 R & R ACTION PLAN

There is no habitation in the proposed site for the proposed activity. Hence no Rehabilitation

& Resettlement is envisaged in the proposed project.




CHAPTER – 8

PROJECT BENEFITS 8.1 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

Once the proposed project is commissioned the socio-economic status of the local people

will improve and there by infrastructure facilities like communication systems and others

will improve.

8.2 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

With the implementation of the proposed project, the socio-economic status of the local

people will improve substantially. The land rates in the area will improve in the nearby

areas due to the proposed plant. This will help in upliftment of the social status of the

people in the area. Educational institutions will also come-up and will lead to improvement

of educational status of the people in the area. Medical facilities will certainly improve due

to the proposed project.

8.3 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL

The proposed project creates employment to 21 people during construction and 50 people

during operation of the project.

8.3.1 SKILLED

Total skilled employment in the proposed plant will be 9.

8.3.2 SEMI-SKILLED

Total Semi-skilled employment in the proposed project will be 12. Priority will be given to

local people for semi-skilled jobs.

8




8.4 SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES PROPOSED [TOR # xx]

Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. is actively involved in the Socio-Economic

development actively to improve the Socio-economic conditions of the area by providing

assistance for local persons preferable from the nearby villages. The continuing

commitment by business to behave ethically and contribute to economic development

while improve the quality of life of workforce and their families as well as that of the local

community and society at large.

Following are Socio Economic activities carried out by Management at Hindadih Plant:

S.No. Particulars Works Amount

1. MELA RAM SAHU BORE AT GUDI VILLAGE 70773.00

2. NICETECH COMPUTER EDUCATION PVT LTD

1YR DCA PROG COURSE FOR 10 CANDIDIATES

160000.00

3. NICETECH COMPUTER EDUCATION PVT LTD

1YR DCA PROG COURSE FOR 10 CANDIDIATES

175000.00

4. TAMESHWAR PR. SRIVAS TWO NOS. POND PACHERI 200000.00

5. PIPE LINE PLUMBING ITEMS (Water Supply) 45497.00

6. MELA RAM SAHU VILLAGE INFRASTRUCTURE DEVLOPMENT (DRAINGE REPAIRING)

25690.00

7. TAMESHWAR PRASAD SRIVAS, Contractor

2 NOS. OF PACHRI FOR POND CONSTRUCTION WORK AT HINDADIH

142310.00

8. MINAKSHI TRADERS GI SHEET SUPPLY FOR MUNCH CONSTRUCTION AT HINDADIH

60776.00

9. KAPASI TRADERS REPAIRING OF SCHOOL HAND PUMP AT VILLAGE DHANIYA

24585.00

10. MEDIGLOBE MEDICAL SYSTEM PVT. LTD.

HORIZONTAL AUTOCLAVE MACHINE DONATE TO DISTRIC HOSPITAL, BILASPUR

370000.00

11. LALA SINGH NETAM MUNCH REPAIRING WORK AT HINDADIH 44339.00

12. AMIT SINGH POND CLEANING WORKS 153006.00

13. CHANDRALOK SINGH POND CLEANING WORKS 193000.00



16. MAHA LAXMI INDUSTRIAL

SCHOOL BAG DISTRUBUTION IN PRIMER SCHOOLS

204000.00

17. GARDEN SUPERINTENDENT, AMORA

PLANTATION PURCHASE 123000.00



20. CHANDRALOK SINGH POND CLEANING WORKS 196000.00




S.No. Particulars Works Amount

21. PUNJAB IRON STORE BARBED WIRE PURCHASE FOR POND FANCING WORK

89496.00

22. MINAKSHI STEEL AGENCY

BARBED WIRE PURCHASE FOR POND FANCING WORK

11850.00

23. TAMESHWAR PRASAD SRIWAS

MAKING OF POND CHACHARY 68634.00

24. SRI SATYA DEVA NURSSURY

PLANTATION PURCHASE 189945.00

TOTAL EXPENSES 3179163.00

As per the Ministry’s Office Memorandum vide F.No. 22-65/2017-IA.III dated 1st May 2018,

fund allocation for CER, for additional capital investment ≤ 100 Crores is 1% of the

additional capital investment, which comes to Rs. 12.0 Lakhs (Capital Investment is Rs.12.0

Crores). However as committed during TOR, Rs.45.0 Lakhs as capital cost and Rs. 10.0

Lakhs as annual recurring will be spent on Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER)

The following activities will be carried out in the present proposal:

S.No. Major Activity Heads Capital Cost

(Rs. In Lakhs) Recurring Cost (Rs. In lakhs)

1

Community & Infrastructure Development Programmes (Development of village road, renovation of school buildings, providing Street Lights & its maintenance in panchayat area, maintenance of Temples in nearby Villages, drinking water facility, sanitation facilities, drainage facilities in nearby villages & schools)

12.0 3.0

2 Skill & Entrepreneur Development (Skills updation on welder / Fitter / wiremen etc.)

10.0 2.0

3

Education and Scholarship Programmes (Providing furniture, computers, library, sports equipment etc. for schools, Sponsorship for School Sport events, Merit Scholarships to School Children)

10.0 1.0

4 Medical & health related activities (Ambulance facilities to villagers etc.)

7.0 1.5

5 Other requirements as per needs of the nearby Village Panchayat & Public Hearing outcome 6.0 2.5

Grand Total 45.0 10.0




Photographs showing Socio Economic activities done in the existing plant




CHAPTER – 9

ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

9.1 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

No specific TOR has been stipulated regarding Cost benefit analysis.

All the required environmental protection measures will be implemented in the proposed

plant and will be operated to comply with the MOEF&CC/CPCB/CECB norms. Rs. 0.5 Crores

is earmarked as capital investment for environmental protection measures in the proposed

project & Rs. 10.0 Lakhs/Annum for Recurring cost for Pollution control measures.

Table No. 9.1 : BUDGET FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES

S.No Item Capital Cost (Rs.in Lakhs)

Recurring Cost / Annum

(Rs.in Lacs)

1 Air emission control

• Dust Extraction systems with Bag filters

• Chimney

• Water Sprinklers

• Environment Monitoring

Nil (Already existing)

Nil

2 Wastewater Management

• Settling ponds

• Garland drains

25.0 8.0

3 Solid waste Management

• Construction of Pucca Platform for storage

• Hazardous & Municipal solid waste storage

25.0 2.0

4 Greenbelt development, Land scaping Noise Management

Nil Nil

TOTAL 50.0 10.0

9




CHAPTER – 10

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

10.1 INTRODUCTION [Gen. TOR # iv & xiii]

The major objective and benefit of utilising Environmental Impact Assessment in project

planning stage itself, is to prevent avoidable losses of environmental resources and values

as a result of Environmental Management. Environmental Management includes protection

/ mitigation / enhancement measures as well as suggesting post project monitoring

programme. Environmental management may suggest revision of project site or operation

to avoid adverse impacts or more often additional project operations may have to be

incorporated in the conventional operation.

The industrial development in the study area needs to be intertwined with judicious

utilisation of non-renewable resources of the study area and with in the limits of

permissible assimilative capacity. The assimilative capacity of the study area is the

maximum amount of pollution load that can be discharged in the environment without

affecting the designated use and is governed by dilution, dispersion, and removal due to

physico-chemical and biological processes. The Environment Management Plant (EMP) is

required to ensure sustainable development in the study area of the proposed plant site,

hence it needs to be an all encompassive plan for which the proposed industry,

Government, Regulating agencies like Pollution Control Board working in the region and

more importantly the affected population of the study area need to extend their

cooperation and contribution.

It has been evaluated that the study area has not been affected adversely and is likely to

get new economical fillip.

The affected environmental attributes in the region are air quality, water quality, soil, land

use, ecology and public health.

10




The Management Action Plan aims at controlling pollution at the source level to the

possible extent with the available and affordable technology followed by treatment

measures before they are discharged.

Environmental Management aims at the preservation of ecosystem by considering the

pollution abatement facilities at the plant inception. In the upcoming modern coal washery

plants, pollution abatement has become an integral part of planning and design along with

Techno economic factors.

10.2 MANAGEMENT DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE [Gen. TOR # xii]

Environmental pollution is inevitable during the construction phase. The project proponent

should take appropriate steps to control pollution during construction phase. The following

are the factors requiring control during construction phase.

10.2.1 SITE PREPARATION

At the time of construction of the project, there will be some quantity of soil and debris and

produce unstable material. The disturbed slopes shall be well stabilized before the on set of

the monsoon. The leveling operation will also involve piling up of backfill materials. Use of

dust suppressant spraying to minimize fugitive dust during construction activities is

recommended.

10.2.2 WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION

The employees at the plant shall be provided with water for their requirement and for the

construction activities. Sufficient and suitable toilet facilities will be provided to allow

proper standards of hygiene. These facilities would preferably be connected to a septic

tank and shall be maintained properly to have least environmental impact.

10.2.3 NOISE

Noise is anticipated during the construction phase due to the usage of various construction

equipment such as mechanical vibrator, mixers etc. The noise effect on the nearest

inhabitations due to construction activity will be negligible. However, it is advisable that

onsite workers working near the noise generating equipment shall be provided with noise

protection devices like earplugs.




10.2.4 MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES

One should be very careful in selecting the site for vehicle maintenance, so as to prevent

the ground water contamination due to the spillage of oil. Both diesel and petrol engine

vehicles shall be maintained properly. Unauthorized dumping of waste oil should be

prohibited. Wastes should be disposed off to the CECB approved vendors.

10.2.5 WASTE

The solid waste shall be collected and disposed off as per norms.

10.2.6 STORAGE OF HAZARDOUS MATERIAL

The following hazardous materials need to be stored at the site during construction.

a. Gas for welding purpose

b. LDO

c. Painting materials

All these materials would be stored as per international safety standards.

10.2.7 LAND ENVIRONMENT

The proposed project will not create any major impact on land environment. As soon as the

construction activity is over, the surplus earth will be utilised to fill up low lying areas, the

rubbish will be cleared and all in built surfaces will be reinstated. Appropriate vegetation

will be planned and all such areas shall be landscaped. Green belt (9.1 acres) is developed

along the road side, at coal handling plant, all around the boundary line of the coal

washery.

10.3 POST CONSTRUCTION PHASE

10.3.1 AIR EMISSION MANAGEMENT

S.No. Stack attached to Control Equipment Particulate emission

at the outlet

a. Coal crushers (Existing)

Dust Extraction systems with Bag filters

< 50 mg/Nm3




10.3.1.1 FUGITIVE EMISSIONS

Fugitive dust emissions are likely in the unloading areas, crusher area, material transfer

point, screening area etc.

• Fugitive emission in the material unloading area is being avoided by providing dust

suppression system and same practice will be continued in the present proposal.

• Dust extraction system with bagfilters is provided at crusher. Crusher is provided in

covered shed.

• At other dust emanating areas material transfer points are being controlled by

providing dust extraction system with bag filters and same practice will be continued.

• Water sprinkling by using fine atomizer nozzles arrangement is being provided on the

coal heaps and on land around the crusher and same practice will be continued.

• Green belt is being developed along the road side, coal handling plant and office

building and all round the boundary line of the coal washery.

• Stock piles, hoppers, rubber decks in chutes and centrifugal chutes are provided with

proper rubber linings.

• Fugitive emissions are being regularly monitored in the plant area and CPCB

stipulations regarding fugitive emission control and monitoring are being followed.

Control of Emissions at CHP

In the coal handling plant, all required precautions are being taken up to prevent the air

emissions. Unloading areas are provided with dust suppression system. At the material

transfer points, dust extraction system with bag filters are provided. All conveyers are

completely covered with GI sheets to prevent fugitive dust emission. All transfer points are

being be provided with enclosures.

10.3.1.2 DUST SUPPRESSION SYSTEM

Water sprinklers are provided at the unloading areas of the raw materials for dust

suppression. Dust suppression system with water sprinklers are provided and same

practice will be continued in the present proposal.




10.3.1.3 INTERNAL ROADS

Internal roads are asphalted to prevent the fugitive dust emission due to vehicular

movement.

Impacts Management plan

Sources of dust emissions are:

• Raw material unloading Dust suppression system

• Coal yard Water sprinkling with fine atomizer nozzles arrangement on coal heaps and on land around the crusher.

• Coal crusher Dust extraction system with bag filters with outlet dust emission less than 50 mg/Nm3.

• Conveyers & transfer points Provided with sheet enclosures

• Due to Vehicular movement Internal roads are asphalted Avenue plantation along the village road.

Apart from above Management Plan, Green belt development further attenuate the impacts.

10.3.1.4 COMPLIANCE ON CREP RECOMMENDATIONS

All the following CREP recommendations are being implemented & being followed:

✓ Water is being sprayed at all strategic coal transfer points such as conveyors, loading

unloading point’s etc. Conveyors, transfer points etc. are provided with enclosures.

✓ Crusher is provided with enclosures, fitted with bag filters and finally being emitted

through a stack of minimum height of 30 m, conforming particulate emission standards.

✓ Water sprinkling by using fine atomizer nozzles arrangement are provided on the coal

heaps and on land around the crusher.

✓ Area, in and around the coal washery are being asphalted. Water consumption in the

coal washery will be below 1.5 cubic meter per tonne of coal.

✓ The efficiency of the settling ponds of the waste water treatment system of the coal

washery will not be less than 90%.

✓ Green belt is being developed along the road side, coal handling plants, residential

complex, and office building and all round the boundary line of the coal washery.

✓ Storage bunkers, hoppers, rubber decks in chutes and centrifugal chutes are provided

with proper rubber linings.

✓ Vehicles movement in the coal washery area is being regulated effectively to avoid

traffic congestion. High pressure horn are prohibited. Smoke emission from heavy duty

vehicle operating in the coal washery are confirmed with the standards prescribed

under Motor Vehicle Rules 1989.




✓ Difference in value of SPM measured between 25 to 30 m from the enclosure of coal

crushing plant in the downwind and leeward direction are not exceeding 50 mg/Nm3.

This method is based on High volume samples and using average flow rate not

exceeding 1.1m3/min. In the existing plant also the SPM levels measured at 25 m from

the enclosure of coal crushing plant is 38 mg/Nm3 which is < 50 mg/nm3.

Effluent Discharge

✓ Close circuit operation with zero effluent discharge is being practiced in the existing

plant and same practiced will be continued in the present proposal.

Noise Levels

✓ Operation / working Zone – not to exceed 85 dBA for 8 hrs exposure.

10.3.2 WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN TO MITIGATE THE ADVERSE IMPACTS DUE TO

PROJECT [Gen. TOR # iii & xxii] IMPACTS MANAGEMENT PLAN

Untreated waste water Settling ponds with 95 % efficiency

Ground water contamination Storage areas are made pucca. Garland drainage system are provided.

Effluent discharge Effluent is being treated in thickener and the supernatant is being utilized for dust suppression, plantation development and the balance is being reused in the process. Zero effluent discharge is being maintained and same will be continued.

Impact on Lilagarh River due to discharge of Effluent from proposed project

Closed loop water system is being adopted in the existing plant and same will be continued in the present proposal. Hence there will not be any waste water generation from process and cooling. Zero effluent discharge is being maintained and same will be continued. The only waste water generation from the plant will be sanitary waste water. Sanitary waste is being treated in septic tank by Sub-surface dispersion trench and same will be practiced in the present proposal.

Ground water contamination due to effluent discharge

Zero effluent discharge is being maintained and same will be continued. Sanitary waste is being treated in septic tank by Sub-surface dispersion trench and same will be practiced in the present proposal.




➢ As it is proposed to install Heavy media-based Coal Washery, in which water after

washing of coal (waste water) will be recycled back.

➢ The efficiency of settling pond of the waste water system will be 95 % for the present

proposal as maintained in the existing plant.

➢ Sanitary waste is being treated in septic tank by Sub-surface dispersion trench and

same will be practiced in the present proposal.

➢ The effluent from the plant is sent to the thickener and flocculants are settlement of

suspended solids and helps to give a clearer overflow.

➢ The settled solids are collected at the bottom cone of the thickener tank.

➢ The solids which are collected in the bottom of the thickener are pumped to the

settling ponds for reclamation of water. The solid dried cake is blended with rejects.

➢ The overflow of the thickener which is clear water is being recycled and same practice

will be continued in the present proposal also.

➢ The proposed plant is a zero-effluent plant and the process selected ensures minimum

generation of dust as maintained in the existing plant.

➢ All the MoEF&CC norms/CREP recommendations for coal washeries are being

implemented in the proposed project.




Effluent Treatment Plant

10.3.3 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT [Gen. TOR # xvii]

Washery rejects is main solid waste generated from the proposed coal washery unit and is

being given to rejects based power plant. Washery rejects of 0.72 MTPA will be given to

Power plant of M/s. Prakash Industries Ltd., Janjgir – Champa District, Chhattisgarh.

MoU copy for supply of washery rejects to the above customer is enclosed as Appendix - 2.

Hazardous waste generation, storage & disposal:

1. Waste oil : 5.0 KL / Annum

This is being stored in covered HDPE drums in a designated area and is being given to SPCB

approved vendors and same practice will be followed in the present proposal.

2. Used Batteries:

Used batteries are being given back to the supplier under buyback agreement with supplier

and same practice will be followed in the present proposal.




Municipal Solid Waste Generation & its Disposal:

Type of Municipal solid waste Proposed method of disposal

Construction debris (generated during construction phase)

Used for landfill within the plant site to the extent possible and the remaining if any will be given to authorised recyclers.

Canteen waste Used in composting / Vermiculture Used as manure for greenbelt development within the premises.

Recyclables Given to SPCB authorised dealers

10.3.4 NOISE LEVEL MANAGEMENT

The major noise generating sources in the plant are DG sets & crusher. Acoustic enclosure

are provided to DG sets. Crusher is inside the covered shed. The major noise levels are

being confined to the working zones of the plant. The Leq of eight hours will be within the

prescribed standards. Community noise levels are not likely to be effected due to the

proposed additional greenbelt and attenuation due to the physical barriers. The ambient

noise levels in existing plant are less than 75 dBA during day time & less than 70 dBA during

night time and same will be continued in the present proposal also. As the nearest

habitation is about 0.5 Kms. from the plant, there is no adverse impact on habitations due

to the proposed project.

Recommendations

a) Acoustic enclosures are provided to DG Set and same will be continued in the

present proposal.

b) The impact can reduce by adopting shock absorbing techniques.

c) Ear plugs are being provided to the workers & is being enforced strictly and same

will be continued in the present proposal.

d) Extensive greenbelt is being developed for further attenuating the noise levels.

10.3.5 LAND ENVIRONMENT

All the required Air Emission Control systems are provided in the existing plant and same

practiced will be continued in the present proposal also. Zero effluent discharge is being

maintained in the existing plant and same practice will be following in the present proposal

also. Hence there will not be any impact on land environment due to the proposed project.

The solid waste generated from the existing plant is being utilized / disposed as per norms




and same practice will be followed in the present proposal also. Hence there will not be any

adverse impact on land environment due to the solid waste generated from the proposed

project activities. 1/3 of the Greenbelt i.e. 9.1 Acres is developed in the Plant area will have

positive impact on land environment. Lawn is developed in open areas & at admin building

and other areas to reduce the soil erosion within the premises.

A brief plan for soil conservation is given below for present proposal:

1. Rain water coming down from the nearby hill will be diverted in to the natural drain.

2. The 10 wide greenbelt on all sides shall be at least 30 to 50 Cm lower than the adjacent

ground. Along the gradient, the greenbelt shall be divided in to a number of plots by

small bunds filled with rocks. There shall be a gradient of about 30 cm from plot to plot.

All the storm water flows in to the plots of greenbelt from different points and then it

flows from one plot another down below. It looks like a miniature terrace cultivation.

Ultimately, the surplus water will flow in to an onsite pond for percolation and settling.

The soil structure is such that most of the water will sink in to ground within a few days.

If there is any water in the rain water collection pond, it will be used for plantations,

gardening, and dust suppression. When the pond becomes dry, the silt and soil particles

settled at the bottom shall be taken out and spread thinly over the soil in the greenbelt.

Recommendations

Land scaping is done around the Administrative building, raw material storage areas, etc.

and recommended to continue the same practice.

10.3.6 MEASURES FOR IMPROVEMENT OF ECOLOGY

There are no Wild life sanctuaries, Bird sanctuaries, National Parks within 10 Km. radius of

the plant. No significant vegetation occurs in and around the project site. No significant

fauna exists in the area. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on flora & fauna due to

the proposed project.

Recommendations

➢ Plantation programme is being carried out in several areas. They include plantation,

along the internal and external roads and along the administrative buildings and the

stacking yards.

➢ People should be educated and trained in social forestry activities by local

governmental and non-governmental organizations.




10.3.6.1 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT

Extensive greenbelt is being developed to mitigate the impacts on Environment. This will

further mitigate the impacts. 10 m wide greenbelt is being developed all around the plant.

A detailed greenbelt plan will be developed in as per CPCB guidelines in consultation with

local DFO for present proposal.

Greenbelt plantation

Greenbelt is developed in a set of rows of trees planted in such a way that they form an

effective barrier between the plant and the surroundings. The main purpose of greenbelt

development is to contribute to the following factors.

• To maintain the ecological homeostatus.

• To attenuate the emissions and the fugitive dust emissions.

• To prevent the soil erosion.

• To attenuate the noise levels.

Plantation of grass, flowers, bushes and trees is being taken up to reduce the generation of

dust from the bare earth and to enhance the aesthetic value.

Plantation species

Plantation species is being considered based on the following:

• Suitable to the Geo-climatic conditions of the area.

• Mix of round, spreading, oblong and conical canopies.

• Ever green trees.

• Different heights ranging from 4m to 20m.

Plantation for Arresting dust

Trees particularly having compact branching closely arranged leaves of simple elliptical and

hairy structure, shiny or waxy leaves and hairy twigs are efficient filters of dust. The

following species are suggested to arrest the dust

• Alstonia Scholaris

• Bauhinia purpurea

• Cassia siamea

• Peltoferrum ferrugineum




• Butea monosperma

• Tamarindus indica

• Azadirachta indica

Plantation to absorb SO2 emissions

The following plants are suggested for plantation to absorb SO2 in the air.


• Albizia lebbeck

• Alstonia scholaris

• Lagerstroemia flosregineae

• Melia azedarach

• Minusops elangi

• Poloyalthia longifloia

Plantation to reduce noise pollution

Trees having thick and flushy leaves with petioles are suitable. Heavier branches and trunks

of trees also deflect the sound waves. The following plant species are suggested to reduce

noise pollution.



• Melia monosperma

• Grevillea peridifolia

• Tamarindus indica

• Greavillea robusta

Plantation along the roads (Avenue plantation)


• Cassia fistula

• Bauhinia purpurea

• Mimusops elangi

• Pongamia pinnata




• Polyalthia longifolia

• Poluferrum ferrugineum

• Lagerstroemia flosreginea

• Cassia siamea.

Greenbelt development plan [Gen. TOR # iv]

• Local DFO will be consulted in developing the green belt for the present proposal.

• 9.1 acres of extensive greenbelt is developed in the plant premises as per CPCB

guidelines.

• 10 m wide greenbelt is developed all around the plant.

• The tree species to be selected for the plantation are pollutant tolerant, fast

growing, wind firm, deep rooted. A three tier plantation is proposed comprising of

an outer most belt of taller trees which will act as barrier, middle core acting as air

cleaner and the innermost core which may be termed as absorptive layer consisting

of trees which are known to be particularly tolerant to pollutants.

• 600 nos. of plants are being planted per acre as per CPCB guidelines.

10.3.7 RAINWATER HARVESTING [Gen. TOR # ix]

• Rainwater harvesting structures will be constructed to harvest the run-off water from

roof tops by laying a separate storm water drainage system for recharging of ground

water.

• Rain water harvesting will be taken-up in consultation with Central Ground Water

Board.

• The water conserved will be used to meet the plant water requirement. Supporting

calculations are shown in the subsequent slide.

• Rain water harvesting and groundwater recharge structures also will be constructed

outside the plant premises in consultation with local Gram Panchayat and Village

Heads to augment the ground water level.




Post-construction Run off

• The average rainfall and the land area have been taken up for the estimation of runoff

for the prediction from the project site.

• As the vacant exposed land would be converted in to built up land, the natural

recharge that had taken place during the pre-construction period would not occur and

hence there would be meager infiltration.

• The losses such as, Percolation, evaporation and other unforeseen loses have been

considered.

The following is the Plan for rain water harvesting measure at plant site.

Total Area = 85064.9 M2

Average annual rainfall = 1082 mm

Quantum of Rain water that can be harvested from the premises

a) Average annual rainfall = 1.082 m

b) Runoff co-efficient

Runoff co-efficient for Roof area = 90%

Runoff co-efficient for Roads and Paved area = 80%

Runoff co-efficient for Open area = 40%

Runoff co-efficient for Green belt area = 20%

c) Details of Rain water harvesting potential

S.No. Type of area Total Area (m2)

Runoff Co-efficient

Rainfall in m

Rainwater Collection

Potential (m3)

1. Paved Areas 36421.7 0.9 1.082 35467.5

2. Water storage & RWH 2023.4 1 1.082 2189.3

3. Internal roads 9793.4 0.8 1.082 8477.2

4. Greenbelt 36826.4 0.2 1.082 7969.2

5. Total 85064.9 54103.2

The potential rain water that can be collected will be 54103.2 m3/year. This conserved

water will be utilised for plant water requirement. Accordingly the net water requirement

for the plant will reduce.




10.4 POST PROJECT MONITORING STRATEGY

The monitoring of various environmental parameters is necessary as part of the

environmental protection measures. Monitoring is an important feature because the

efficiency of control measures can only be determined by monitoring. A comprehensive

monitoring programme is given under. PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NOX are monitored as per

Ministry notification vide G.S.R. No. 826(E) dated 16th November, 2009.

Locations and frequency of monitoring as per the guidelines of CECB and MoEF&CC are

tabulated below:

MONITORING SCHEDULE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS




1.Water & Waste water quality

A. Water quality (around storage yards)

Once in a month Grab sampling

As per IS: 10500

2. Air Quality

A. Stack Monitoring Once in a month PM

B. Ambient Air quality

Twice a week 24 hours continuously

PM2.5, PM10, SO2 & NOx

C. Fugitive emission monitoring

Once in a month 8 hours PM

3. Meteorological Data

A. Meteorological data to be monitored at the plant site.

Daily Continuous monitoring

Temperature, Relative Humidity, rainfall, wind direction & wind speed.

4. Noise Levels

A. Noise Levels Once in a month one day in a month on hourly basis

Ambient Noise levels in dBA

Infrastructure for Environmental Protection

Man Power

The project proponent shall provide a fully equipped laboratory to carry out the analysis.

The following manpower shall be provided on regular basis.

1. Environmental Engineer / Safety Officer / Environmental Officer

He should be a graduate engineer with adequate experience. He will be responsible for

implementing and monitoring the environmental impacts and all the safety aspects. He

should be a liasioning officer between the plant and the regulatory agencies like CECB,

CPCB etc.




2. Chemist

He should be a qualified chemist to carry out the analysis of various samples.

3. Monitoring equipment and Consumables

Environmental monitoring during the operation phase of the plant will be entrusted to a

third party. Monitoring will be carried out as per CPCB/CECB norms. A budgetary

allocation of Rs 6.0 Lakhs will be earmarked for Environmental monitoring.

Noise levels

A sound level meter shall be purchased to record noise levels in different scales like A, B

and C with slow and fast response options at various generating source from D.G set which

will be used only when there is an interruption in the power supply.

10.5 COSTS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

Capital Cost for Environment Protection for total project : Rs. 0.5 Crores

Total Recurring Cost for Environmental protection : Rs. 10 lakhs per annum.

BUDGET FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES

S.No Item Capital Cost (Rs.in Lakhs)

Recurring Cost / Annum

(Rs.in Lacs)

1 Air emission control

• Dust Extraction systems with Bag filters

• Chimney

• Water Sprinklers

• Environment Monitoring

Nil (Already existing)

Nil

2 Wastewater Management

• Settling ponds

• Garland drains

25.0 8.0

3 Solid waste Management

• Construction of Pucca Platform for storage

• Hazardous & Municipal solid waste storage

25.0 2.0

4 Greenbelt development, Land scaping Noise Management

Nil Nil

TOTAL 50.0 10.0




10.6 CORPORATE ENIRONMENT POLICY [Gen. TOR # ix]




CHAPTER – 11

SUMMARY & CONCLUSION 11.1 INTRODUCTION

Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. is an existing plant coal washery at Hindadih

Village, Masturi Tehsil, Bilaspur District, Chhattisgarh.

The following are the details pertaining to the existing plant:

• Consent to Establish issued by CECB for 1.2 MTPA Dry type coal washery in 1264 / RO /

RS / CECB / 2005 dated 5th August 2005. Subsequently production has been

commenced.

• A proposal has been submitted to MoEF for expanding the plant from 1.2 MTPA (Dry

type) to 2.4 MTPA (Dry type) and obtained Environmental Clearance vide no. J-

11015/190/2007-IA-II (M) Dated 24th June 2008.

• Subsequently, another proposal has been submitted to MoEF for expansion of existing

plant from 2.4 MTPA (Dry type) to 3.6 MTPA (establishment of 1x1.2 MTPA Wet type

washery) and obtained Environmental Clearance vide no. J-11015/364/2009-IA-II(M)

dated 21st May 2014.

• This EC issued on 21st May 2014 has superseded the earlier EC obtained vide no. J-

11015/190/2007-IA-II(M) Dated 24th June 2008.

• 2.4 MTPA dry type washery & 1.2 MTPA coal washery (wet type) is in operation.

Now it has been proposed to convert the existing 2.4 MTPA - DRY TYPE coal washery to

2.4 MTPA- WET TYPE coal washery to meet the customer requirement.

As per the EIA notification dated 14th September 2006 & its subsequent amendments, the

proposed project fall in Category - A project or activity (2a).

11




11.2 DETAILS ABOUT THE PROJECT

1. Location of the Project : Hindadih Village, Masturi Tehsil,

Bilaspur District, Chhattisgarh

2. Proposed Project : It is proposed for change in technology in the existing plant

i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY type coal washery to 2.4 MTPA

WET type coal washery.

3. Total land : 27.42 acres (present proposal of change in technology will

be taken up in the existing plant premises only)

4. Proposed project cost : Rs.12.00 Crores (for Change in technology)

5. Source of water : Water requirement for the proposed project is being

sourced from Ground water source (existing) and

additional water will be sourced from Lilagarh river

(Bhawradih Anicut).

6. Water requirement : Consumption of existing 2 x 1.2 MTPA Dry and 1 x 1.2

MTPA Wet Process is 610 m3/day. Additional Requirement

after proposed change from dry process to wet process

shall be 475 m3/day. Hence, total make up water

requirement shall be 1085 m3/day.

Additional water will be sourced from Lilagarh river

(Bhawradih Anicut).

7. Wastewater generation : Only wastewater generation is Sanitary Wastewater which

is being generated in the existing plant, is being treated in

septic tank followed by subsurface dispersion trench and

same practice will be followed in the present proposal also.

8. Air Emission Control equipment’s

proposed

: Dust Extraction systems with Bag filters

9. Wastewater management : Closed loop water system is being adopted in the existing

plant and same will be continued in the present proposal.

Hence there will not be any wastewater generation from

the process. Sanitary wastewater is being treated in Septic

Tank followed by Sub-surface dispersion trench and same

practice will be maintained in the present proposal. Zero

effluent discharge system will be maintained in the

proposed project.

10. Solid waste disposal : Washery rejects is main solid waste generated from the

proposed coal washery unit and is being given to rejects

based power plant. Washery rejects of 0.72 MTPA will be

given to Power plant of M/s. Prakash Industries Ltd., Janjgir




– Champa District, Chhattisgarh.

11. Green belt development : Greenbelt of 9.1 acres is developed in the plant premises

as per CPCB guidelines.

11.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PROCESS

Present proposal is only change in technology in the existing plant i.e. from 2.4 MTPA DRY

type coal washery to 2.4 MTPA WET type coal washery.



2.4 MTPA (Dry type)

E.C. accorded in

24th




2.4 MTPA (Wet Type)

1.2 MTPA (Wet Type)

E.C. accorded in

21st

May 2014 No change


Coal washery comprises of coal crushing & screening and washing of coal to produce clean

coal with 34% ash, appropriately sized and a middling fraction by treating the raised coals

from the mine. Wet type of coal washery is proposed as it will have lesser environmental

problems compared to the dry type of washery and to suit to client’s specific requirement of

lower ash content. Closed loop water system is proposed in the process. Zero effluent

discharge is being maintained in the existing plant and similar pattern will be maintained in

the plant premises in the proposed change in technology.

The process consists of crushing of the ROM coal in a Roll crusher. The crushed coal is then

washed in Zig to produce clean coal and middling with the help of water stream and air

pressure.

11.4 CONCLUSION

Management of Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation (India) Ltd. will support local areas that will

be benefited by way of generation of employment opportunities, increased demand for local

products and services. There will be an overall improvement in the income level of the local

people.

The proposed project will create direct employment of 21 and during the construction to

around 50 persons. With the development of this plant there will be lot of scope for more

industrial investments which in turn will benefit the nation.




CHAPTER – 12

DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED

12.1 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED

PIONEER ENVIRO LABORATORIES & CONSULTANTS PVT. LTD. is QCI-NABET accredited vide

certificate No. NABET/ EIA/ 1619/ RA 026. It is one of the leading Environmental

Consultancy organizations in South India and Chhattisgarh. Established in 1996 PIONEER

ENVIRO has an excellent track record of serving several well-established Group companies

across the Country.

PIONEER ENVIRO is a team of professionals in various disciplines such as Environmental

Engineering & Environmental Management. The team is slated to double in next two

years.

Our goals are to provide all of our clients with quality services at a fair, competitive price.

By offering a turnkey service (excepting some specific areas), we can maximize the

efficiency of data collection so that our clients pay one time for similar services. The

technologies deployed at PIONEER ENVIRO are current and leading edge, duly validated.

PIONEER ENVIRO has an exceptional team of Environment professionals. PIONEER ENVIRO

has the expertise to assess the impact of various industrial activities such Coal Washery,

Power Plants, Steel Plants, Distilleries, Cement Plants etc., on the environment. These

assessments will help the industry to install the best Environmental Management Systems

and to maintain the plant in accordance with the norms stipulated for ISO-14001 & ISO-

18000. PIONEER ENVIRO services range from site assessments, environmental audits,

environmental impact statements and risk assessments to waste management.

Following are some of the services which are PIONEER ENVIRO core competency:

❖ Helping the client to select the suitable site as per the norms of Ministry of

Environment Forest and Climate Change, Govt. of India and State Pollution Control

Boards in India.

❖ Environmental Impact assessment studies carried out as per the guidelines issued

by Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change, Govt. of India and State

Pollution Control Boards in India.

12




❖ Environment Audits.

❖ Risk Assessment and Disaster Management Studies.

❖ Occupational health & industrial hygiene.

❖ Solid waste management.

❖ Environmental baseline studies covering the fields of ambient Air, Surface water,

Ground water, Soil, Noise and Biological Environment (Flora & Fauna).

❖ Stack Emission Monitoring, Effluent Analysis, Ground water analysis.

❖ Design of Effluent Treatment Plant

❖ Design of Sewage Treatment Plant

hind energy & coal beneficiation (india)...

Documents