hinduism and buddhism develop. hinduism evolves over centuries hinduism is a collection of religious...
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Hinduism and Buddhism Hinduism and Buddhism DevelopDevelop
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Hinduism Evolves over CenturiesHinduism Evolves over Centuries
• Hinduism is a collection of religious beliefs that developed over a long period of time – some aspects can be traced back to ancient times, but not one founder with one set of ideals.
• Hindus share a common belief that religion is a way of liberating the soul from the illusions, disappointments, and mistakes of everyday existence. The achievement of separation from these desires and suffering is detailed in the Upanishads.
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Hinduism Evolves over CenturiesHinduism Evolves over Centuries
• When a person understands the relationship between atman (their soul) and Brahman (world soul), then they achieve perfect understanding and release from this world.
• This understanding does not come usually in one lifetime – reincarnation in necessary. A soul’s karma, or good and bad deeds, follows it from reincarnation to another.
• The karma influences life circumstances, such as caste, etc.
• Dharma is the religious and moral duties an individual must have.
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Hinduism and SocietyHinduism and Society
• Hindu ideas about karma and reincarnation strengthened the caste system – if someone was born as an upper-class male, it was said that he had good karma, or fortune. If he was born lower-class, it was said that he deserved it because of past misdeeds.
• With some exceptions, only men of the top 3 varnas were said to be able to reach moksha (enlightenment).
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The Buddha Seeks EnlightenmentThe Buddha Seeks Enlightenment
• Siddhartha Gautama founded Buddhism. He was locked in his palace by his father to fulfill a prophecy of him becoming a great king. He finally left the palace and understood that only religion offers freedom from the cycle of birth and death.
• He wandered through the forests of India for 6 years to find enlightenment. After 49 days of meditation under a fig tree he achieved an understanding of the causes of suffering in the world. From then on he became known as Buddha, or “Enlightened One.”
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Origins & Beliefs of BuddhismOrigins & Beliefs of Buddhism
• In his first sermon, Buddha outlined the Four Noble Truths of his faith:– First Noble Truth: Life is filled with suffering & sorrow– Second Noble Truth: The Cause of all suffering is
people’s selfish desire for the temporary pleasures of this world
– Third Noble Truth: The way to end all suffering is to end all desire
– Fourth Noble Truth: The way to overcome such desires and attain enlightenment is to follow the Eightfold Path, which is called the Middle Way between desires & denial.
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The Eightfold PathThe Eightfold Path
• “What is the Middle Way? It is the Noble Eightfold Path – Right Views, Right Resolve, Right Speech, Right Conduct, Right Livlihood, Right Effort, Right Mindfulness, and Right Concentration. This is the Middle Way.”
• Buddha, from Samyutta Nikaya
Dharma Wheel, often used to symbolize the Eightfold Path
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Origins & Beliefs of BuddhismOrigins & Beliefs of Buddhism
• Like Hinduism, Buddha accepted reincarnation, but he rejected the multiple gods. He shared the concept of enlightenment by a belief in nirvana, or a release from selfishness and pain.
• The final goals of both Hinduism and Buddhism are similar – both involve a perfect state of understanding and a break from the chain of reincarnation.