hisd food study: jalapeño crust cheese pizza & plate waste of meals paul w. horn elementary...
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HISD Food Study: Jalapeño Crust Cheese Pizza & Plate Waste of Meals
Paul W. Horn Elementary
Mujan Noroozian, UTMBFranky Lam, TWUEmily Lewis, TWU
Paul W. Horn Elementary
Demographic
HISD
Caucasian: 8.2%Asian: 3.6%
Hispanic: 62.1%African American:
24.9%Other: 1.2%
Horn Elementary:
Caucasian: 47%Asian: 24%
Hispanic: 19%African American: 7%
Other: 3%
HISD, 2014
Demographic
HISD
Free/ Reduced Lunch: 75.5%
Horn Elementary:
Free/ Reduced Lunch: 19%
HISD, 2014
Meal Status For All Grades: Production Record
All Grades 3rd 4th 5th0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
251 55 73 69
17
1
3 3
52
12
9 10
Paid Reduced Price Free
Lunch Menu: 2/19/2015
Entree:Jalapeño Crust Cheese
PizzaPasta Noodle w/ Eggroll
Vegetables:PeasCharro BeansRaw CauliflowerRaw BroccoliCalifornia Blend
Vegetables Baby Roasted Carrots
Fruits:Whole Red
GrapesWhole Cut
OrangeDiced PeachesFresh AppleFresh Banana
Milk:Skim Chocolate
MilkSkim Plain Milk1% Plain Milk
Cost Meat Grain Veg Fruit Kcal Na
Jalepeno Crust Cheese Pizza $0.53 2 2 0 0 270 460
Pasta Noodle w/Eggroll $0.66 1 2 0 0 455 589
Charro Beans $0.14 0 0 0.5 0 138 162
Peas $0.17 0 0 0.5 0 69 59
Raw Cauliflower $0.11 0 0 0.5 0 13 16
Raw Broccoli $0.14 0 0 0.5 0 13 12
California Blend Vegetables $0.29 0 0 0.5 0 41 35
Baby Roasted Carrots $0.21 0 0 0.5 0 68 49
Whole Red Grapes $0.14 0 0 0 0.5 50 3
Whole Cut Orange $0.09 0 0 0 0.5 100 3
Diced Peaches $0.21 0 0 0 0.5 90 10
Fresh Apple $0.17 0 0 0 1 77 1
Fresh Banana $0.16 0 0 0 0.5 121 1
Skim Chocolate Milk $0.28 0 0 0 0 120 180
Skim Plain Milk $0.28 0 0 0 0 90 130
1% Plain Milk $0.28 0 0 0 0 110 130
Totals= $3.86 3 4 3 3 1825 1840
Jalapeño Crust Cheese Pizza
Tray Line
Fruits and Vegetables
Study Population
• 382 total students surveyed• 3rd graders: 145• 4th graders: 123• 5th graders: 114• Excluded: 27
Methods• Set-up
• Passed out surveys to all students regardless of entrée bought/brought lunch
• Two trash can lines• “Pizza” trash can- students were instructed to leave their trays on a table for
surveyors to evaluate• “Pasta and Other” trash can- students threw away trash as normal
• Inclusion Criteria:• 3rd-5th graders at Horn Elementary were included in the study• Only trays of those who got pizza were assessed for intake
• Exclusion Criteria:• did not specify what they ate• selected more than one food option• included extraneous information
Cafeteria Layout
Methods: Measurement Tools
• Student Survey
Methods: Measurement Tools
• Visual Assessment of Intake
Results
38
1376
9
Pizza Pasta & Egg Roll Brought Lunch Excluded
3rd Grade Entrée Intake: Survey
51
8
59
5
Pizza Pasta & Egg Roll Brought Lunch Excluded
4th Grade Entrée Intake: Survey
48
9
44
13
5th Grade Entrée Intake: Survey
None 1/4 1/2 3/4 All0
5
10
15
20
25
4 5 7 14 810 2 3 9 239 4 3 11 1
3rd4th5th
Pizza Intake#
of
Stu
dents
Intake Amount
3rd Grade 4th Grade 5th Grade0
7.5
15
22.5
30
4
11
17
8
21
15
27
19
16
“How did it TASTE?”
Bad OK Good
Num
ber
of
Stu
dents
3rd Grade 4th Grade 5th Grade0
7.5
15
22.5
30
3
1412
10
19 18
26
17 18
“How did it LOOK?”
Bad OK Good
Num
ber
of
Stu
dents
3rd Grade 4th Grade 5th Grade0
7.5
15
22.5
30
37.5
9
2123
2927
23
“Would you eat it AGAIN?”
No Yes
Num
ber
of
Stu
dents
Milk Intake
None 1/4 1/2 3/4 All0
5
10
15
20
25
3 5 4 3 228 5 4 3 212 2 2 4 21
3rd4th5th
# o
f Stu
dents
Intake Amount
F/V Intake
None 1/4 1/2 3/4 All0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1 9 4 3 213 4 4 6 273 4 7 4 13
3rd4th5th
# o
f Stu
dents
Intake Amount
Fresh Fruits and Veggies Production
Record
Total Planned Total Served0
50
100
150
200
250
225 225112 7765 720 1465 59
Whole Red Grapes
Whole Cut Orange
Raw Broccoli# o
f F/
V
FFVP Average Daily Participation: Lunch
8/25-9/12 9/15-10/6 2/2-2/200
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
ADPAD
P
Relative Research• 2014, cross-sectional study sampling 5439 students in 31
middle schools and high schools in California
• Found significant factors associated with increased F/V consumption including:
• Extended lunch periods
• Quality of produce
• Inclusion of salad bars
• Suggests that institutional factors may affect F/V consumption of students
• Other factors include: availability of F/V at home, high socioeconomic status, female sex, and nutritional education
Gosliner, 2014
Conclusion
• Survey: 3rd graders favored pizza in comparison to 4/5th grade.
• Entrees: Most kids brought their lunch, while pizza intake came in second.
• Pizza: 3/4th grade ate most of their pizza;5th grade was split.
• F/V & Milk: Most students consumed all F/V and milk.
Strengths
• Surveys were easy to understand for all ages included (3rd-5th graders)
• Additionally assessed intake of fruits/vegetables and milk
Limitations• No blinding
• buying food; sharing opinions• No standardized assessment
• all subjective• Did not account for seconds • Education bias• Difference in eating environment
• 3rd & 4th grade vs. 5th grade• Varying taste buds and appetite per age• Non-compliance• Only grades 3-5
Future Research
• Conducting this type of study at school that is more representative of the HISD population.
• Further Plate Waste Study on just food brought from home.
• Further study on FFV alone.
ReferencesDemographics, facts and figures. (2014). Retrieved from
http://www.houstonisd.org/domain/7908
Gosliner, W. (2014). School-level factors associated with
increased fruit and vegetable consumption among
students in California middle and high schools. The
Journal Of School Health, 84(9), 559-568. doi:10.1111/josh.12188
Horn elementary - overview. (2014). Retrieved fromhttp://www.houstonisd.org/_findAschool