histology study on piriton treatment for 10 day

8/8/2019 Histology Study on Piriton Treatment for 10 Day

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(12) Group member names:

Wong Li Hun D20091034877Wang Chiao Ching D20091034838

Ngang Huey Chi D20091034861

Yee Chin Tien D20091034824

Lee Yian Ping D20091034823

Chew Mei Ping D20091034816

Mazatul azrin bin Rahman D20091034846Muhammad hafiz bin Kadir D20091034812

Yee Hon Kit D20091034822

Rio Raydy Anak Ujang D20091034835

Mariani bt Zakaria D20091034650

Ameera bt Yahya D20091034814


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INTRODUCTIONWe begin the experiment with different patter colour

of mice which make us easier to identify it during theprocess of weighting. We used the treatment of 500mg

piriton drugs for ten day in ad libitum. The mice were putsin a cage and places outside the corridor of the lab for tensday. we schedule the time to feed the mice. Also record themice weight changes and amount of piriton consumed eachday. After tens day we dissect the mice and we extract the

organ that we needed and those organ are inserted inethanol 70% for weeks. We choose mice because its easierto obtain and easily handled so that we can conserveresources that we use such as the dosage of piriton due thesmall size of mice.


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PROBLEM STATEMENT

We find it is difficult to make sure that the mice wereconsumed same amount of piriton during the

experiment. not all the organs that we extact is used inthe making of slides. The present of air bubbles withinthe organ make us difficult in the process of sliding.

The origin of mice/body condition of mice before

inducement of piriton.


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PURPOSE OF STUDY

y To study the effects of piriton in schedule time towardsthe organ of animals such as mice, to prepare animals

tissue slide for comparison in terms of histology withnormal animal slide which include heart, lung, kidneyoesophagus, intestine, liver, ovary and uterus.Purpsose of study also is to enchance the knowledgeabout the piriton drugs which widely used intreatments.


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SIGNIFICANCE OF PROJECT

This project will be the prove that over usage of thisdrugs will lead to harmfulness of our healthy. It is also

to make sure, that the drugs is safely used by control ofthe dosage of drugs. As piriton is a widely usedantihistaminic drug in human and veterinarymedicine.


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RESEARCH LIMITATIONSy Our project will significant only in the mice that we

used. The result may be different in different species or

animals due to the reactions toward piriton may varyusing different method.

y Time is also another factor as the period ofinducement of piriton is limited.

yMoreover ,there is problem with equipment.


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BRIEF LITERATURE REVIEW


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Mice are divided into several group. 1 group

as the vehicle control. The other group aretreatened with higher dose of piriton.

The group that treatened with piriton have a

much lower survival rate in compare to thevehicle group.


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y There are several effect that occur to the thyroid gland ofthe mice.

They are thyroid gland follicular cyst,

Thyroid gland follicular cell hyperplasia ,

thyroid gland follicular cell adenoma.

y A subcutaneous tissue tumors were found in male mice.

y . Chlorpheniramine maleate had a proliferative effect in

the thyroid gland of female mice, as shown by theincreased incidences of follicular cell cysts andhyperplasia in both low dose and high dose groups.


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y The major route of excretion of chlorpheniramine or its

metabolites is in the urine. In male rats orallyadministered 14C-chlorpheniramine maleate at doses of 2or 20 mg/kg, there was essentially no difference in thepercentage of urinary or fecal excretion of radioactivitybetween these dose levels.


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Effect of piriton on the mobility of T lymphocyte

y T lymphocyte mobility is low in subject with lowneutrophil mobility.

y Histamine accelerates mobility of T lymphocytes in

healthy subject and subject with diseases.y Piriton is an antihistamine drug which preventing the

histamine to bind to specific receptor on the cell.

y Without the histamine binding to the cell, the mobility

of T lymphocyte through the membrane of the cell isgreatly reduced

y This can bring a much worse effect toward the health ofthe mice


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Material & Methods


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MATERIAL:y Organ(liver, lungs, kidney, hearts, ovaries/testes,intestine) of 5 mices,

piritonsolution, normal saline solution, Bouinss solution, ethanolsolution (70%,80%,95%,100%), toluene solution, paraffin solution,

Xilen, pure alcohol, alcohol( 75%,80%,90%), distilled water,hematoksilin solution, 0.5% hydrochloric acid solution, 0.5%sodiumbicarbonate solution, scotts solution, Eosin, microtom and CanadaBalsam.


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Methods:

Fixation.

Dehydration

ClearingEmbeding

Dissecting

Staining


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RESULTS


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Cords of

hepatocytes

Portal Vein

Liver sinusoids

Normal Liver (100X)


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Protal Vein

Branch of Bile Duct

Protal Traid

Branch of Hepatic Arteri

Connective tissue

septum

Normal Liver (400X)


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Central vein

Sinusoids

Cords of

hepatocytes

Affected Liver (100X)


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Phagocytic

Kupffer Cell

Central Vein

Sinusoids



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Sinusoid

Phagocytic

Kupffer Cell



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Sinusoids

Cords ofhepatocytes



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Mucosa

Villus

Intestinal glands

Submucosa

Circular layer

Longitudinal layer

Serosa

Normal Small Intestine (100X)


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Serosa

Intestinal gland

Muscularis

externa

Small Intestine l.s. (100X)


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Brunnergland

Serosa

Submucosa

Lumen

Intestinalgland

Microvilli

Small Intestine l.s. (100X)


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Intestinal glands

Muscularis externa

Lumen

Mucosa

Submucosa

Serosa

Large Intestine c.s (100X)


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Capsular space

Distal convoluted tubule

Renal corpuscle

Proximal convoluted tubules

Normal Kidney (100X)


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Kidney (100X)


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Renal orpuscle


Renal orpuscle


Mice Kidney (400X)


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Mice Kidney (400X)

Glomerulus

Arterioles

Proximalconvoluted

tubule

Space within

Bowmans

capsule


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Aveolar sac

SmoothMuscle

Lumen

Pseudostratifiedcolumnar epithelium

Bronchus

Vein

Artery

Normal Human Lung (100X)


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Bronchiole

Vein

Pseudostratified columnar

epithelium

Lumen

Mucosa

Lung (100X)


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Lung (100X)

Vein

Lumen


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Epicardium

Myocardium

Capillaries

Normal Heart (100X)


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Myocardium

Epicardium

Blood in

Lumen

Endocardium

Myocardium

Heart (100X)


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NormalMice Ovary (100X)


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Ovarian Vein

Secondary follicles

Primary oocyte

Mature secondaryoocyte

Corpus albicans

Ovary (40X)

Corpus luteum

This section through an ovary shows follicles in various stages ofdevelopment.


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Ovary (100X)

GerminalEpithelium

(surface)

Tunica

albuginea

Secondary

follicle


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Mice Ovary (100X)

Secondary follicle

Tunica albuginea

Vein

Modullarly region

Corpus luteum


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PIRITONy contain active ingredient chlorpheniramine maleate.

y effective antihistamine for all allergic conditions

y If overdose will cause side effect such as hepatitis,urinary retention, arrhythmia and drowsiness.


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THE EFFECT OF AFFECTED LIVERThese organs are implicated after the liver is

affected.

Heart

Kidney

The uterus & ovaries


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SUGGESTIONy Based on the research done by U.S. Department Of

Health And Human Services, Public Health

Service National Institutes of Health namedToxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies OfChlorpheniramine Maleate (CAS NO.113-92-8) INf344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice, they stated no

microscopic pathologic effects were observed inmice in 16 days or 13 weeks studies.


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y It is suggested to increase the period of studies up totwo years.

y This is because no hyperactivity and hyperexcitabilityshown in 13 weeks studies

y

Besides, no significant positive trends or increases inthe incidences of neoplasms in either male or femalemice dosed with chlorpheniramine maleate for 103

weeks.


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The line chart showing the relationship of the

weight of mice and period of studies

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Day 6 Day 7 Day 8 Day 9 Day 10

Weight (g)

Weight (g)


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y Based on the line chart above, the average weight of the

mice are increasing with accordance to period ofstudies, that is from day 1 till day 10.y From the chart, we can concluded that piriton didnt have

any effect on the appetite of the mice.y The mice gained weight continueously since the start of

experiment.y Other than that, there are other factors that may

contributes to this result.y The mice lack of exercise since they are kept in a cage.y They dont have much space to move around compare to

their original habitat.y The mice no need to compete for food since there are

abundant supply.y They no need to go around and hunt for food.


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The line chart showing the relationship of dosage(mg/g)

use in mice against the period of study.

0

2

4

6

8

Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Day 6 Day 7 Day 8 Day

Day 10

Dosage (mg/g)

Dosage (mg/g)


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y The dosage of piriton in the body of mice decreaseswith period of study.

y This is because the mice are gaining weight each daybut the amount of piriton used in the experimentremain the same, that is 500mg each day.

yWhen we divide the amount of piriton given with theweight of mice, we can see that the distribution ofpiriton less in each gram of the mice.


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THE END

histology study on piriton treatment for 10 day

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