HISTORICALMARKERS

OFMADISONCOUNTY,

ALABAMA

Huntsville-Madison County Historical Society 50th Anniversary (1951-2001)

HISTORICALMARKERS

OFMADISONCOUNTY,

ALABAMA

Frank A lex L uttrell, III, E d ito r

Huntsville-Madison County Historical Society 50th Anniversary (1951-2001)

Copyright © 2001 Huntsville-Madison County Historical Society

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, except in the case of reviews, without the expressed written permission of the publisher, except where permitted by law.

Published and Copyrighted by: Huntsville-Madison County Historical Society P.O. Box 666 Huntsville, AL 35804

MARKER COMMITTEE MEMBERS (1995-2000) * Book SubcommitteeMr. Frank Alex Luttrell, III, Chairman*Mrs. Joyce Smith, Vice-Chairman*Mrs. Maime G. BrowneMrs. Mary ChambersMrs. Ollye ConleyMrs. Minneola L. DixonMs. Faye Groom*Mrs. Jeanne Hand Henry

Mr. Harvie P. Jones (deceased Dec. 1998)Dr. John Rison Jones, Jr.Mr. James W. LeeMs. Dorothy Prince Luke*Mr. George M. Mahoney, Jr.*Dr. Frances Cabaniss Roberts (deceased Nov. 2000) Ms. Alice M. Thomas

CREDITSThe printing of this publication was financed by a gift from the Doris Burwell Foundation (Jackson Parker Burwell, Chairman; Laurie Pritchard Andrews; Nancy Malone Johnson; Catherine Kelly Gilliam; and William Hooper Johnston)

Editor: Frank Alex Luttnell, IIIEditorial Assistance: Joyce Smith, Dorothy Prince Luke, Faye Groom, Nan Hall Cover Photographs and Layout: Frank Alex Luttrell, IIIMaps: City o f Huntsville Urban Development Department (Tim Barnes), Melissa B. McBride, G.W. Jones & Sons (Raymond B. Jones)Photographs: Huntsville-Madison County Public Library Archives (Ranee Pruitt), Oakwood College Archives (Minneola L. Dixon), National Aeronautics and Space Administration Marshall Space Flight Center (Mike Wright and Bob Jaques), Madison Station Historical Society (Liz Langer), Monroe Collection, Mrs. Thomas McCrary, Dr. John Rison Jones, Jr., James W. Lee, Frank Alex Luttrell, III, Jeanne Sandlin Smith, Joyce Smith, Dorothy Prince Luke, George M. Mahoney, Jr., Greg Miller, James B. Hill, Jr.

COVER ILLUSTRATIONSFront (Clockwise From Top Left): Steamboat Gothic House in Twickenham Historic District, Huntsville Passenger Depot, Maple Hill Cemetery, Von Braun Center as viewed from Big Spring Lagoon, Huntsville First United Methodist ChurchBack (Clockwise From Top Left): Watkins Home in Twickenham Historic District, Temple B’nai Sholom, Alabama A&M University Campus, I. Schiffman Building, Saturn V Display at U.S. Space & Rocket Center, Glenwood Cemetery

Printed in the United States of America

Library of Congress Card Number: 2001086901 ISBN: 0-9708871-1-6

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

IN TR O D U CTIO N .....................................................................................................................................1

BRIEF HISTO RY OF HUNTSVILLE AND M ADISON CO UNTY, A L A B A M A ............ 3

M AD ISO N CO UN TY HISTO RICA L M A R K E R S .......................................................................7• Historical M arker L ocato r........................................................................................................ 7• M aps o f Huntsville and M adison C o un ty .........................................................................10• Dow ntow n Huntsville (N orthern Q uad ran t) .................................................................... 13

1. M adison County2. First United M ethodist Church3. Tem ple B ’nai Sholom4. Saint Mary’s Church o f the Visitation5. Site o f Huntsville Female C ollege6. Site o f Green Academ y7. Goldsmith-Schiffm an Field8. Lincoln School and V illage9. Dallas M ills and V illage / R ison School10. Dallas / Optimist Park11. Old Town Historic District12. Andrew Jackson Encampment

• Downtown Huntsville (Eastern Q uadrant)........................................................................3913. M aple Hill Cemetery14. Twickenham Historic District15. Twickenham Historic District16. LeRoy Pope Mansion17. Helion Lodge N o. 118. First Presbyterian Church19. Howard W eeden Home20. Calhoun House21. Church o f the Nativity, Episcopal22. Tallulah Bankhead / 1. Schiffman Building23. Site o f Huntsville Inn

• Downtown Huntsville (Southern Q uadran t).................................................................... 6124. Harrison Brothers Hardware25. Site o f A labam a’s First Constitutional Convention26. Alabama Statehood27. Site o f Huntsville Slave Cemetery28. Twickenham Historic District29. Birthplace o f General John Hunt Morgan30. Saint Bartley Primitive Baptist Church31. W illiam Hooper Councill High School Site32. First Baptist Church

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• D ow ntow n Huntsville (W estern Q uad ran t) ..................................................................... 7933. Huntsville Passenger Depot34. Original Site o f Lakeside United Methodist Church35. First Bank in Alabama - Planters and Merchants Bank o f Huntsville36. First National Bank o f Huntsville37. Major General H.N. Toftoy38. John Hunt / Big Spring39. Indian Creek Canal40. City o f Huntsville41. Dr. W em her V on Braun42. Original Site o f Alabama A&M University43. G lenwood Cemetery

• Northeastern M adison County (Including North H un tsv ille)...................................10344. Site o f Bell Factory45. Buckhom Tavern / Buckhom Tavern Skirmish46. Town o f N ew Market47. N ew Market Presbyterian Church48. Mount Paran Campground and Cemetery49. M adison County Poorhouse Farm Site and Cemetery50. Old Limestone Road Skirmish51. Initial Survey Point52. Site o f Cabaniss Cotton Spinning Factory53. Site o f John W illiams Walker Home54. Original Site o f Enon Baptist Church55. Alabama A&M University

• Southeastern M adison County (Including South & East H un tsv ille).................... 12556. Hermes Guided M issile57. Site o f D itto’s Landing and Town o f Whitesburg58. Chickasaw Old Fields59. Historic Viduta / Hotel Monte Sano60. M onte Sano Female Seminary61. M onte Sano Elementary School62. Schrimsher Farm / Sunrise Terrace Subdivision63. M onte Sano64. Burritt M useum65. Shiloh United M ethodist Church66. W ildwood - Virginia Clay Clopton Home67. Town o f Gurley68. Site o f First Baptist Church in Alabama

• W estern M adison County (Including W est Huntsville & Redstone A rse n a l).....14969. O akw ood C ollege70. Ford’s Chapel United M ethodist Church71. City o f Madison72. Bibb Cemetery73. Triana74. M errimack M fg. Co. & V illage / Joseph J. Bradley School75. Redstone Test Stand76. Propulsion and Structural Test Facility77. Neutral Buoyancy Space Simulator78. Saturn V D ynam ic Test Stand79. Saturn V Launch V ehicle

B IB L IO G R A PH Y ............................................................................................................................... 167

IN D E X .................................................................................................................................................... 171iv

INTRODUCTION

A lm ost from the beginning o f tim e, civilizations have recorded their history - first in stone, then on tablets, and in later years on metal markers. During the form ative years o f our country and state, m any patriotic societies and organizations com m em orated sites o f historical significance by erecting plaques, stones, and m onum ents. A lthough these efforts were certainly worthwhile, m any travelers passed the sites without any know ledge o f their existence. In 1947, the A labam a Historical Association began form ulating a program to better publicize historical sites and m ake them more accessible to the general public. U nder the leadership o f Hill Ferguson, first chairm an o f the Highway M arker Com m ittee, the A labam a Historical Association began erecting metal m arkers to guide m otorists to interesting and significant historical sites throughout the state.

This program was expanded in 1952 with the appointm ent o f Rucker Agee as chairm an o f the Highway M arker Com m ittee. A distinctive m arker design was adopted, standards and policies were form alized, and appeals were m ade for funds. At this tim e, a num ber o f criteria were adopted by the comm ittee: 1) a subcom m ittee o f historians m ust approve the w orthiness o f the subject and the authenticity o f facts stated on the m arker, 2) a subcom m ittee m ust draft the m arker text in easy-to-read phrases or sentences, 3) the m arkers m ust be erected on highw ays, courthouse squares, or public streets, where they can easily be seen by a large num ber o f m otorists and pedestrians, and 4) if not erected at the actual site, the m arker m ust point the way and state the distance to the actual site. The approved m arker is a handsom e, 3.5' x 4' metal plaque m ounted on a 4' alucrete post. The m arker style and design is consistent throughout the state, with the m arker face painted navy blue with silver trim and gold lettering. The Alabam a State flag is located at the top o f the marker.

In 1951, the new ly form ed Huntsville Historical Society (later renam ed H untsville-M adison County H istorical Society) assisted the Acm e Club in erecting a historical m arker to com m em orate Andrew Jackson 's encam pm ent in Huntsville on the w ay to the Battle o f H orseshoe Bend. The local society erected its first A labam a H istorical A ssociation m arker in 1953, and since that tim e, has been the driving force in ensuring that M adison County residents and visitors alike are m ade aware o f the m any interesting and historically significant sites in the area. Previous M arker Com m ittee C hairm en included Henry B. Chase, Mrs. Joe Cooper, Sr., Sarah H uff Fisk, M argaret F. Sparkm an, W.F. Sparkman, Catherine K. Gilliam, Dr. Frances Cabaniss Roberts, Jam es R. Record, and W inston E. W alker, III. They, assisted by the m any com m ittee volunteers over the past fifty years, have been responsible for the erection o f sixty-one metal historical m arkers w ithin the boundaries o f M adison County, forty-six o f which are located in the city limits o f Huntsville and fifteen are distributed throughout the other m unicipalities and unincorporated areas o f the county. M arkers have been erected to com m em orate early settlem ents; historic churches, schools, and cem eteries; and other notable structures, sites, and events.

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This program w ould not have been possible if it were not for the financial assistance received from the M adison County Com m ission, local m unicipalities, civic organizations, and private citizens. Two individuals prom inent in securing funding for this project are the late James R. Record, form er M adison County Com m ission Chairman, and Dr. Jim m y W all, form er Huntsville City Councilm an. Recent funding from the current adm inistrations o f the City o f Huntsville (M ayor Loretta Spencer) and M adison County (Com m ission Chairm an M ike G illespie) has enabled the society to continue this valuable program in the future. The city and county also provide the m anpow er to prepare sites and erect the markers. Mr. M ike M ahone and his crew with the Huntsville D epartm ent o f Transportation have been very responsive in installing each city marker. The talented and dedicated m em bers o f the Huntsville-M adison County Historical Society M arker Com m ittee also work closely with the current chairm an o f the A labam a H istorical A ssociation M arker Com m ittee, Dr. Norwood A. Kerr, and the diverse and interesting people throughout the com m unity who share an interest in preserving local history.

The H untsville-M adison County Historical Society M arker Com m ittee currently has approxim ately thirty proposed m arker sites on its list awaiting funding and research. This list is constantly reviewed and revised. Each proposed site is categorized (church, school, cem etery, notable structure, notable site, notable event, early settlem ent), and then prioritized w ithin each category based on national, statewide, or local historical significance; age; location; accessibility to the public; and availability o f funding. Research then begins on the higher priority markers. Com m ittee m em bers research land transaction records, probate court orders, newspapers, and church and school documents to glean historical facts and to ensure the m arker text is historically accurate. Once the text has been approved by the m arker com m ittee o f the Huntsville - M adison County Historical Society, it is forwarded to the A labam a Historical A ssociation M arker Com m ittee. Upon final approval, a copy o f the text is sent to the m anufacturer, Sewah Studios, for inscribing on both sides o f the m arker face. After the m arker arrives and is erected, an unveiling and dedication cerem ony is usually held.

In 1995 in preparation for the publication o f this book, the local m arker com m ittee began the task o f locating, surveying, and photographing existing m arkers and historical sites. A t the same tim e, com m ittee m em bers also began collecting old photographs of the sites. Ranee Pruitt o f the Huntsville-M adison County Public Library assisted the com m ittee in searching the photographic archives o f the library’s Heritage Room. Com m ittee m em bers also collected additional information on each m arker and located references for further study. W e chose to include in this book all o f the historical highway m arkers erected in M adison County since the program ’s inception. Several of these m arkers have been destroyed over the years, and have not yet been replaced. Selected additional m arkers, plaques, and m onum ents, erected by other organizations, are also included in this publication because they were deem ed significant, and there are no highw ay m arkers designating those sites. Following a b rief history o f Huntsville and M adison County, the reader will find a list o f all m arkers and m aps revealing their locations. N ext, the com plete text o f each m arker is presented, along with additional inform ation and photographs o f the site. This publication concludes with a bibliography o f additional sources related to the m arkers and a com plete index.

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BRIEF HISTORY OF HUNTSVILLE AND MADISON COUNTY, ALABAMA

The early history o f Huntsville and M adison County is really the early history of A labam a. The leadership in the form ation o f the Alabam a Territory and later the creation o f the state came from am ong the county’s leading citizens. This area has furnished m any o f the state’s thinkers and much o f the a rea’s wealth and culture. Am ong the first to settle in what is now M adison County was Jam es Ditto who possibly arrived as early as 1802, and established a trading post and ferry on the north bank o f the Tennessee River in what was then called Chickasaw Old Fields (later W hitesburg or D itto’s Landing). Joseph and Isaac Criner came in 1804 and settled ju st south o f the Tennessee line on the M ountain Fork o f Flint River near present-day New M arket. John Hunt, for w hom the City o f Huntsville was nam ed, cam e to the area and built his home near the “ Big Spring” in 1805. There were probably other settlers in those early years, but the area largely rem ained hunting grounds for both the Chickasaw and Cherokee Indians. On July 23, 1805, the Chickasaw s gave up their claim to what is now M adison County. The C herokees followed suit by relinquishing their claim on January 7, 1806. O nce the Indians ceded their land to the U.S. G overnm ent, m any other settlers from Virginia, the Carolinas, Georgia, and Tennessee entered the area in search o f cheap, fertile land. These new frontiersm en concentrated in seven population centers: Hickory Flat and M ountain Fork o f Flint River; Three Forks o f Flint; Ryland-Brow nsboro-M aysville area; H unt’s Spring south to D itto’s Landing and along A ldridge’s Creek; Hazel Green; M eridianville; and along Lim estone Creek and the headw aters o f Indian Creek.

There were soon enough people living w ithin the “great bend” area o f the Tennessee River that an organized governm ent was needed. In answer to the petitions of the settlers, G overnor Robert W illiam s, by executive order on D ecem ber 13, 1808, created M adison County as part o f the M ississippi Territory. It was named in honor of Jam es M adison, then Secretary o f State. At the tim e M adison County was created there were approxim ately 2500 settlers/squatters living w ithin its bounds. The first sale of public lands in what is now M adison County was m ade on August 7, 1809, at the Public Land Office in Nashville. By October, 24,000 acres had been purchased by squatters and land speculators, and over $60,000 had been paid down for them. Later sales o f 1810, 1812, 1814, and 1815 com pleted the transfer o f the best lands in old M adison County from the G overnm ent to the settlers. The sales o f 1818, 1819, 1820, and 1830 distributed the lands added to the coun ty’s original boundaries in 1818, 1819, and 1826. LeRoy Pope, a Georgia planter, bought m uch o f the land surrounding the Big Spring or H unt’s Spring as it was also called for $23.50 an acre with the view o f developing a site to be designated as the county seat. During June o f 1810 he had sixty acres around the spring platted as a town to be nam ed Tw ickenham in honor o f the English hom e o f the poet, A lexander Pope.

Upon recom m endation o f a special com m ission com posed o f W illiam Dickson, Edw ard W ard, Louis W inston, A lexander G ilbreath, and Peter Perkins, Pope’s Tw ickenham was designated as the county seat o f M adison on July 5, 1810. The new to w n ’s nam e was never popular, and on N ovem ber 25, 1811, Tw ickenham ’s nam e was

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changed to Huntsville, in honor o f John Hunt who had been an early settler at the Big Spring. On D ecem ber 9, 1811, the town o f Huntsville was incorporated.

W hen first laid out by John Coffee, the town contained sixty acres in blocks of two acres each subdivided into four lots. H alf o f the lots were sold to the com m issioners at $23.50 per acre and the rem aining portion o f the town was retained for sale by LeRoy Pope and his associates. The com m issioners then sold their holdings at auction and the proceeds were used to construct a courthouse and jail on the Public Square.

H untsville’s growth was very rapid during the period from 1810 to 1819. The land office m oved from Nashville to Huntsville in 1811, and people from all o f the eastern states flocked here to purchase lands in the Tennessee Valley. The m oderate clim ate, rich soil, and abundant water made this area an excellent location for growing cotton and other crops. The town had all the signs o f becom ing a thriving com m ercial center in the heart o f a rich agricultural area. M adison C ounty’s population increase, the desire o f its citizens to govern them selves, and its influence in Congress led to the creation o f the new Alabam a Territory. On M arch 3, 1817, an act o f Congress designated the eastern section o f the M ississippi Territory as the A labam a Territory and the w estern portion becam e the State o f M ississippi. By the end o f the decade, H untsville’s Public Square had becom e the hub o f extensive activity. A two-story brick courthouse had been com pleted, and stores and craft shops were num erous. The com m unity also had a weekly newspaper, a bank, a library, a M asonic Lodge, a school, num erous churches, and a num ber o f cultural organizations.

Because o f its political leadership and its attractive accom m odations, Huntsville was chosen as the tem porary capital o f A labam a as it m oved from territorial status to statehood during the sum m er and autum n o f 1819. On July 5, 1819, A labam a’s first Constitutional Convention m et in Huntsville. The first session o f the state legislature convened in Huntsville on N ovem ber 9, 1819, and on this same day W illiam W yatt Bibb was inaugurated A labam a’s first state governor. The Congress o f the U nited States form ally recognized A labam a as a state on Decem ber 14, 1819. Three days later, the legislature adjourned to meet next at Cahaba, then designated as the perm anent capital of the state.

T hroughout the antebellum period, Huntsville and M adison County continued to furnish political leadership to the state and nation. The president o f the first C onstitutional Convention, m any governors, United States Senators and Representatives were all citizens o f Huntsville and M adison County. Huntsville also rem ained a com m ercial, social, educational, and cultural center in the heart o f a rich agricultural hinterland. The area also drew some o f its wealth from the m anufacture o f cotton goods, flour, shoes, lum ber, copper stills, pum ps, and various other products o f early times.

T ransportation for Huntsville and M adison County kept pace w ith the early developm ent o f the area. The Indian Creek Canal connected the Big Spring Creek with the Tennessee River by way o f Indian Creek. Flint and Paint Rock Rivers were developed for transportation o f cotton barges to the Tennessee. Toll roads were constructed and m any stage coach lines connected Huntsville with other parts o f the South. In 1851, the city governm ent o f Huntsville aided in financing the construction of a division o f the M emphis and Charleston Railroad which greatly improved transportation facilities in the county.

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As w ar clouds gathered in the 1850’s, anti-secession sentim ent ran high. M adison County, however, contributed greatly to the Southern cause. It was the railroad, a prim e objective o f Union troops, that led to the capture and occupation o f Huntsville on April 11, 1862. This first occupation lasted only until August 31, 1862. A year later on July 4, 1863, Union troops returned and continued their stay in Huntsville until the end of the w ar in April, 1865. M any hom es were used for Union officers’ quarters and schools and churches were used by the Union troops for their barracks. Surprisingly, only a few structures were destroyed and those were reported as accidents by fire.

The defeat o f the Confederacy left m any people in Huntsville econom ically destitute and recovery becam e a slow and painful process. H untsville’s m erchants and farm ers w orked hard to revive the econom y, encouraging the investment o f Northern capital. As soon as M adison C ounty’s rich farm lands were put into cultivation again, H untsville began to prosper.

During the 1880’s and 1890’s, some o f H untsville’s leaders encouraged business m en from other sections o f the country to aid them in the industrial and real estate developm ent o f the area. Textile m ills, hardw ood factories, and nurseries were established, and M onte Sano becam e a thriving sum m er tourist resort. Further railroad expansion added to the c ity ’s accessibility to new m arkets. By 1900, H untsville was considered to be one o f the m ost thriving textile centers in the state.

The W orld W ar I period and the decade which followed were prosperous years for the people o f Huntsville and M adison County. But the years o f the Great D epression caused a m ajor decline in its industries and com m ercial enterprises. The creation o f the Tennessee V alley Authority in 1933, however, did give M adison County residents a source o f hope. The varied TVA program s resulting in m ore adequate flood control, im proved w ater transportation, better land utilization, and the production o f abundant hydroelectric power, did much to aid the valley’s recovery from the depression years o f the 1930’s.

W orld W ar II brought new life to Huntsville when the federal governm ent located two m ajor installations ju st to the south o f the city. The Huntsville Arsenal, a chem ical m anufacturing plant, and Redstone Arsenal, a shell-loading plant, were begun in 1941. A fter the war, these areas were com bined to becom e Redstone Arsenal. In 1950, m ore than 100 German scientists, led by Dr. W ern h e r von Braun, arrived in H untsville from Ft. Bliss, Texas to continue their rocket and guided m issile research and developm ent efforts for the U.S. Army. This group and their space-related activities were later transferred to the new ly created National A eronautics and Space A dm inistration with the opening o f the G eorge C. M arshall Space Flight Center at Redstone Arsenal on July 1, 1960. The various U.S. Arm y organizations at Redstone then focused their efforts on m issile system s for m ilitary applications. The a rea’s m any scientists, engineers, and support personnel helped the nation m ove ahead in the 1960’s race to the m oon, and Huntsville soon becam e known as the Rocket City.

W ithin the last thirty years, diversification o f industry and agriculture has resulted in a rapidly expanding econom ic base. The H untsville/M adison County area has earned a reputation for having one o f the strongest and m ost diverse high-tech com m unities in the nation. Redstone Arsenal continues to be the site o f much activity in the areas of research and developm ent o f missiles, helicopters, and space vehicles that are vital to the

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nation’s defense and space exploration efforts. H untsville’s Cum m ings Research Park is hom e to over 200 research and developm ent firms, with a healthy m ixture o f Fortune 500 com panies and hom egrow n firms. This trem endous business growth has m ade possible increased m edical, educational, religious, cultural, and recreational opportunities for the citizens o f Huntsville and M adison County.

The H untsville/M adison County area has all the right ingredients for a successful future as well. W ithin its bounds is a unique m ixture o f old and new, artistic and scientific, native-born and imm igrant, historical and high-tech. Each contributes its best qualities to m ake this a special place in which to live. The H untsville-M adison County C ham ber o f Com m erce sums it up best - “ Known for a spirit o f innovation that m ay be traced throughout the flourishing history o f the area, H untsville/M adison County continues to lead the way - - pioneering a new way o f life for a new century.”

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HISTORICAL MARKER LOCATOR

MARKER LOCATION CITY

Dow

ntow

n H

unts

ville

(N

orth

ern

Qua

dran

t)

1 Madison County NE corner o f Courthouse Square Huntsville2 First United Methodist Church NW corner o f Greene St. & Randolph

Ave.Huntsville

3 Temple B'nai Sholom SE corner o f Clinton Ave. & Lincoln St. Huntsville4 Saint Mary's Church of the Visitation 222 Jefferson St. Huntsville5 Site o f Huntsville Female College 419 Randolph Ave. Huntsville6 Site o f Green Academy North side o f Clinton Ave. between

Calhoun St. & White St. (East Clinton school)

Huntsville

7 Goldsmith-Schiffman Field North side o f 300 block o f Ward Ave. Huntsville8 Lincoln School and Village 1110 Meridian St. (In front of Lincoln

School)Huntsville

9 Dallas Mills and Village / Rison School NE comer of Oakwood Ave. & Lee High Dr. (At fire station)

Huntsville

10 Dallas / Optimist Park NE corner of Oakwood Ave. & Andrew Jackson Wav

Huntsville

11 Old Town Historic District NE corner o f Holmes Ave. & Lincoln St. Huntsville

12 Andrew Jackson Encampment Triangular median at Holmes Ave. & Lincoln St.

Huntsville

Dow

ntow

n H

unts

ville

(E

aste

rn

Qua

dran

t)

13 Maple Hill Cemetery SE corner o f Wells Ave. & Maple Hill Dr.

Huntsville

14 Twickenham Historic District SW corner of White St. & Randolph Ave. (In front of Annie Merts Center)

Huntsville

15 Twickenham Historic District NW corner of White St. & California St. Huntsville16 LeRoy Pope Mansion North side o f Echols Ave. at intersection

with Adams St.Huntsville

17 Helion Lodge No. 1 NE comer of Williams Ave. & Lincoln St.

Huntsville

18 First Presbyterian Church NW comer o f Gates Ave. & Lincoln St. Huntsville19 Howard Weeden Home 300 Gates Ave. (SE comer o f Gates Ave.

& Greene St.)Huntsville

20 Calhoun House NE corner o f Eustis Ave. & Greene St. Huntsville21 Church of the Nativity, Episcopal SW comer o f Eustis Ave. & Greene St. Huntsville22 Tallulah Bankhead / I. Schiffman Building 231 East Side Square Huntsville23 Site o f Huntsville Inn 223 East Side Square Huntsville

Dow

ntow

n H

unts

ville

(S

outh

ern

Qua

dran

t)

24 Harrison Brothers Hardware 124 South Side Square Huntsville25 Site o f Alabama's First Constitutional

ConventionNW corner o f Franklin St. & Gates Ave. Huntsville

26 Alabama Statehood NW comer o f Franklin St. & Gates Ave. Huntsville27 Site o f Huntsville Slave Cemetery SW corner o f Madison St. & St. Clair

Ave.Huntsville

28 Twickenham Historic District SW comer o f Williams Ave. & Franklin St.

Huntsville

29 Birthplace o f General John Hunt Morgan 558 Franklin St. Huntsville

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HISTORICAL MARKER LOCATOR

M ARKER LOCATION CITY

30 Saint Bartley Primitive Baptist Church South side of Williams Avenue

(Between Gallatin St. & Fountain Row)

Huntsville

31 William Hooper Councill High School Site 620 St. Clair Ave. Huntsville

32 First Baptist Church 600 Governors Dr. Huntsville

Downtown

Huntsville

(Western

Quantrant)

33 Huntsville Passenger Depot 320 Church St. Huntsville

34 Original Site of Lakeside United Methodist

Church

West side of 200 Block of Jefferson St. Huntsville

35 First Bank in Alabama - Planters and

Merchants Bank of Huntsville

216 West Side Square Huntsville

36 First National Bank of Huntsville 216 West Side Square Huntsville

37 Major General H. N. Toftoy West Side Square below Regions Bank Huntsville

38 John Hunt / Big Spring West Side Square below Regions Bank Huntsville

39 Indian Creek Canal Southern end of Spragins Ave. Huntsville

40 City of Huntsville East side of Church St. at Big Spring

Park

Huntsville

41 Dr. Wernher Von Braun 700 Monroe St. (In Front of VBC

Concert Hall)

Huntsville

42 Original Site of Alabama A&M University SW comer of Clinton Ave. & Monroe

St. (VBC)

Huntsville

43 Glenwood Cemetery Intersection of Hall Ave. & Cemetery St. Huntsville

Northeastern Madison

County (Including

North

Huntsville)

44 Site of Bell Factory West side of Winchester Rd. at

intersection of Bell Factorv Rd.

Riverton

45 Buckhorn Tavern / Buckhorn Tavern

Skirmish

Intersection of Winchester Rd. &

Mavsville Rd.

New Market

46 Town of New Market East side of Winchester Rd. just south of

New Market Rd.

New Market

47 New Market Presbyterian Church North side of New Market Rd. (In front

of sanctuarv)

New Market

48 Mount Paran Campground and Cemetery West side of Winchester Rd. 1/2 mile

north of New Market Rd.

New Market

49 Madison County Poorhouse Farm Site and

Cemetery

South side of Beth Rd., 1.7 miles west of

New Market

New Market

50 Old Limestone Road Skirmish SW corner of Winchester Rd. & Buddy

Williamson Rd.

Plevna

51 Initial Survey Point West side of Highway 431/231 just

south of Alabama / Tennessee line

Fisk

52 Site of Cabaniss Cotton Spinning Factory * East side of Highway 231/431, 2 miles

north of Hazel Green

Fisk

53 Site of John Williams Walker Home * 2 miles north of Meridianville on east

side of Hiszhwav 431/231

Meridianville

54 Original Site of Enon Baptist Church NE corner of Meridianville Bottom Rd.

& Bolline Rd.

Meridianville

55 Alabama A & M University NE comer of Meridian St. & Chase Rd. Huntsville

* Marker No Longer In Existence

8

HISTORICAL MARKER LOCATOR

MARKER LOCATION CITY

Sout

heas

tern

M

adiso

n C

ount

y (In

clud

ing

South

&

East

Hun

tsvi

lle)

56 Hermes Guided Missile SW comer o f Memorial Pkwy. & Airport Rd.

Huntsville

57 Site o f Ditto's Landing and Town of Whitesburg

Comer o f Boat Docks Rd. & W. Eugene Morgan Rd. (In front of Ditto Landing Kingston Pavillion)

Huntsville

58 Chickasaw Old Fields * West side of Highway 231 just north of Tennessee River

Huntsville

59 Historic Viduta / Hotel Monte Sano SW corner of Monte Sano Blvd. & Old Chimnev Rd./Nolen Ave.

Huntsville

60 Monte Sano Female Seminary Originally on NE comer o f Lookout Dr. & Fearn St.; Relocated west of Cooper St. at intersection with Lookout Dr.

Huntsville

61 Monte Sano Elementary School 1107 Monte Sano Blvd. Huntsville62 Schrimsher Farm / Sunrise Terrace

SubdivisionIntersection o f Panorama Drive & Skvview Drive

Huntsville

63 Monte Sano Intersection of Monte Sano Blvd. & Panorama Drive

Huntsville

64 Burritt Museum Corner o f Monte Sano Blvd. & Burritt Dr.

Huntsville

65 Shiloh United Methodist Church South side o f Ryland Pike & west of Duti Hill Road

Ryland

66 Wildwood-Virginia Clay Clopton Home South side of Highway 72 at Madison / Jackson Countv line

Gurley

67 Town of Gurley NE corner of Highway 72 & Gurley Pike (Third Street)

Gurley

68 First Baptist Church in Alabama North side of Highway 72 2 1/2 mileswest of Gurley City Limits

Gurley

son

Cou

nty

le &

Reds

tone

A

rsen

al) 69 Oakwood College Intersection of Sparkman Dr. &

Adventist Dr. (In median)Huntsville

70 Ford's Chapel United Methodist Church 208 Ford's Chapel Rd. Harvest71 City of Madison SW corner of Church St. & Front St. Madison72 Bibb Cemetery NW comer of Mill Rd. & Bibb Dr. Madison73 Triana * South side o f Highway 20 near

Limestone Countv lineHuntsville

74 Merrimack Mfg. Co. & Village / Joseph J. Bradlev School

3405 Triana Blvd. (In front of Phase IV Systems)

Huntsville

Wes

tern

M

adi

(Incl

udin

g W

est

Hun

tsvi

l 75 Redstone Test Stand West side of Dodd Rd. 1.0 miles south of Martin Rd.

RedstoneArsenal

76 Propulsion and Structural Test Facility Not accessible RedstoneArsenal

77 Neutral Buoyancy Space Simulator Not accessible RedstoneArsenal

78 Saturn V Dynamic Test Stand Not accessible RedstoneArsenal

79 Saturn V Launch Vehicle U.S. Space & Rocket Center 1 Tranquilitv Base

Huntsville

* Marker No Longer In Existence

9

10

Exploded View of Downtown Huntsville

11

12

Downtown Huntsville (Northern Quadrant)

Marker # Marker Page #1 Madison County 142 First United Methodist Church 163 Temple B ’nai Sholom 184 Saint M ary’s Church o f the Visitation 205 Site o f Huntsville Female College 226 Site o f Green Academy 247 Goldsmith - Schiffman Field 268 Lincoln School and Village 289 Dallas Mills and Village / Rison School 3010 Dallas / Optimist Park 3311 Old Town Historic District 3612 Andrew Jackson Encampment 38

13

(1) Madison County

M ADISON COUNTY

Made a county in 1808 by order o f G overnor o f

M ississippi Territory.Area ceded 1805, 1806

by Cherokee, Chickasaw s.This was first land in

A labam a ceded by these great civilized tribes.

A LA B A M A H ISTO RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 1953

Sponsored by the Huntsville Historical Society (later renamed H untsville-M adison County Historical Society), this A labam a Historical A ssociation m arker was dedicated on August 16, 1953. It is located on the northeast corner o f the Courthouse Square in Huntsville, A labama. The m arker was refurbished in 1976. For additional inform ation regarding the establishm ent o f M adison County, see References 1, 10, 16, 17, 20, 26, 27, 46, 68, 69, 73, 84, 86, 90, and 95.

14

Sketch o f First Courthouse

Third Courthouse (ca. 1963)

M adison County H istorical M arker

Second Courthouse (before 1900)

Fourth & C urrent Courthouse (1996)

15

( 2 ) First United Methodist Church

M ethodism brought into area 1807 FIRST UNITED M ETHODIST CHURCH

Huntsville, A labam a

M ethodist Society organized at Hunt's Spring prior to form ation o f Madison

County, served 1808-1820 by Flint Circuit traveling m inisters. First

Church built 1821 NW com er C linton and G allatin Streets. Present site

acquired 1832, church com pleted 1834, occupied and accidentally burned by

Federals 1864. Cornerstone laid 1867 for present sanctuary, dedicated 1874.

AL A B AMA H IST O RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 1972

First United M ethodist Church Historical M arker

This A labam a Historical Association m arker com m em orating the establishm ent o f the First United M ethodist Church is located at the entrance o f the sanctuary on the northw est corner o f Greene Street and Randolph A venue in Huntsville, A labam a. Sponsored by the local congregation, this m arker was dedicated on M arch 5, 1972. It was com pletely refurbished in 2000, and rededicated on June 25, 2000. For additional information regarding the church, see R eferences 10, 30, 47, 58, 73, 87, 94, and 95.

16

First United M ethodist Church (ca. 1870’s)

First United M ethodist Church (1994)

First United M ethodist Church (ca. 1890’s)

First United M ethodist Church (1994)

17

(3 ) Temple B’nai Sholom

TEM PLE B'NAI SHOLOM

Huntsville's first Jewish citizens arrived during the 1840's. Congregation B'nai Sholom ("Sons

o f Peace") was founded July 30, 1876 by 32 fam ilies.

They affiliated in 1877 with the Union o f Am erican Hebrew Congregations, the Reform

M ovement. Construction o f the Tem ple began in 1898, and it was dedicated on N ovem ber 26,

1899. Chairm an o f the Building C om m ittee was Isaac Schitfm an. Architecture is prim arily o f

the Rom anesque Revival style, with influences o f the Renaissance Revival in the west front gable. The Tem ple was designed by architect R.H. Hunt

o f Chattanooga. Extensive restoration was com pleted in 1994. Tem ple B'nai Sholom is the oldest synagogue in A labam a in continuous use.

A LA B A M A H ISTO RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 1997

The City o f Huntsville sponsored this A labam a Historical Association m arker which was erected in front o f the Synagogue at the southeast corner o f Clinton A venue and Lincoln Street in Huntsville, A labama. The m arker was dedicated on N ovem ber 12, 1999. Additional inform ation regarding Congregation B 'nai Sholom and the Tem ple can be found in References 2 (No. 36), 87, and 95.

18

Tem ple B ’nai Sholom (ca. 1920’s)

Tem ple B ’nai Sholom Historical M arker

Tem ple B 'nai Sholom (1995)

19

(4 ) Saint Mary’s Church of the Visitation

SAINT M ARY'S CHURCH OF THE VISITATION

M issionaries served Catholics in Huntsville until 1861, when Father Jerem iah F. Trecy was sent by Bishop John Quinlan to

organize this parish. Cornerstone for the building was laid in O ctober 1861. Due to

the Civil W ar the church was not com pleted until 1872. It was dedicated October, 1877.

This parish helped to form three other parishes, parochial schools, and charitable

organizations in the com m unity.

National Register o f Historic Places 1981

ALA B A M A HISTO RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 1983

Located in front o f the entrance to the sanctuary at 222 Jefferson Street, H untsville, A labam a, this A labam a Historical Association m arker was dedicated on Nov. 9, 1983. References 20, 58, 87, and 95 contain additional information regarding Saint M ary’s Church o f the Visitation.

20

Saint M ary’s Church o f the Visitation Historical M arker

Saint M ary’s Church o f the V isitation (1900)

Saint M ary’s Church o f the V isitation (1996)

21

( 5 ) Site of Huntsville Female College

SITE OFHUNTSVILLE FEM ALE CO LLEG E

1851-1895

O rganized in 1851 under the direction o f the M ethodist Episcopal Church, so this

institution becam e one o f the finest o f its kind in the South in the education o f girls from the prim ary through the

college level.Its aim was to "secure the symm etrical developm ent o f body, m ind, and soul."

Destroyed by fire January 4, 1895.A rchitect George Steele.

SPO N SO R E D BY TH E FO R M E R PUPILS OF T H E C O LLE G E - 1959

Form er pupils o f the Huntsville Female College sponsored this H untsville H istorical Society (later renam ed H untsville-M adison County H istorical Society) m arker which was dedicated on May 31, 1959. It is located at 419 Randolph A venue in Huntsville, Alabama. Additional details o f the co llege’s history can be found in References 10, 20, 25, 35, 36, 53, 73, and 87.

22

Sketch o f H untsville Fem ale C ollege

Huntsville Fem ale College (before 1895)

Huntsville Fem ale College Historical M arker

23

( 6 ) Site of Green Academy

SITE OF GREEN ACADEM Y

Chartered in 1812.Leading educational institution.

Long prom inent in training leaders o f North Alabama.

O ccupied by Federal troops, 1862. Buildings burned, 1864.

Site o f city schools since 1882. Location used only fo r

school purposes.

A LA B A M A HISTO RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 1955

Located on the north side o f Clinton A venue between Calhoun Street and W hite Street (in front o f East Clinton School) in Huntsville, A labam a, this A labam a Historical Association m arker was sponsored by the East C linton PTA and dedicated on April 27, 1956. The m arker was refurbished in 1976. For additional inform ation regarding the school, see References 1 ,10 , 20, 26, 27, 35, 4 1 ,5 3 ,6 3 ,7 3 , 87, and 90.

24

Green Academy Historical M arker D edication (1955)

Mrs. J.S. Gowan, PTA President; M iss Ella W are, teacher; M artha Powell Askins, descendant o f one o f the original Green

A cadem y Trustees; and Judge Jones, Representative o f the A labam a Historical Association

East C linton Street School (1994) Now Located on Site o f

Green Academ y

25

(7 ) Goldsmith-Schiffman Field

G O LDSM ITH -SCHIFFM A N FIELD

On January 25, 1934, O scar G oldsm ith, Lawrence B. G oldsmith, A nnie Schiffman Goldsm ith, Robert L. Schiffm an, and Elsie Strauss Schiffman gave this

property to the City o f Huntsville for an athletic field. The gift was in m em ory o f Betty Bernstein Goldsm ith

(w ife o f O scar and m other of Lawrence) and Betty Herstein Schiffm an (wife o f Isaac and m other o f the

other donors). The Civil W orks A dm inistration provided $6500 in m aterials and labor to construct the

field, the first in Huntsville to accom m odate n ight athletic games. The Acm e Club raised funds fo r lighting through season ticket sales. Dedication

exercises were held during the first night game on O ctober 4, 1934, when 1000 fans saw Coach M ilton Frank's Huntsville High team defeat Gadsden High.

A LA B A M A HISTO RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 1999

This A labam a Historical Association m arker com m em orating the construction o f an athletic field is located on the stone w all a t the entrance o f the field on W ard A venue in Huntsville, Alabama. Sponsored by the Huntsville City School System , this m arker was dedicated on O ctober 27, 2000, prior to H untsville H igh’s gam e against Sparkman High.

26

1946 H untsville High Crim son Panthers Team at G oldsm ith-Schiffm an Field

G oldsm ith-Schiffman Field M arker Dedication (2000)

Ernest Bailey; M argaret A nne G oldsm ith; Jim m ie Taylor; Ed M itchell; Hershel

B ingham; & Alex Luttrell.Bailey, M itchell. & Bingham played fo r Huntsville High in the first gam e at the

stadium in 1934; Taylor played for Huntsville High from 1936-38; G oldsm ith

is the great-granddaughter o f the stad ium 's nam esakes; & Luttrell is the M arker Chairm an fo r the H untsville- M adison County H istorical Society

G oldsm ith-Schffm an Field (2001)

27

(8 ) Lincoln School and Village

LINCOLN SCHOOL AND V ILLA GE

In 1918 W illiam Lincoln Barrell o f Lowell, MA. purchased Abingdon Mill and transform ed it into a

large textile center o f all concrete construction nam ed Lincoln Mill Village. Phillip Peeler served as its superintendent from 1934-1953.

Built in 1929 this school becam e the central core o f com m unity life until 1956 when Lincoln Village was annexed to the city o f Huntsville. Edward W.

A nderson served as its principal fo r 27 years. Many graduates becam e local and state leaders. The m ill stopped operation in 1957 and burned

in 1980.

A LA B A M A H ISTO RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 1985

Lincoln School and V illage Historical M arker

This A labam a Historical A ssociation m arker was erected in 1985 at 1110 M eridian Street (in front o f Lincoln Elementary School), Huntsville, Alabama. For more inform ation regarding Lincoln Mill Village, see References 17, 24, 53, 83, and 95.

28

Lincoln Mills

Lincoln School (before 1929)

Lincoln School (1995)

29

(9 ) Dallas Mills and Village / Rison School

DALLAS MILLS AND VILLAGE

1892-1949

Chartered in 1890 by T.B. Dallas, Dallas M ills began operation in 1892 as A labam a's largest

cotton m ill, m anufacturing sheeting. The mill village extended from Oakwood Ave. South to

O 'Shaughnessy Ave., and from Colem an St. W est to Dallas St. Em ployees were provided hom es, m edical care, churches, library, lodge building, Y .M .C.A., concerts, a kindergarten, and schools. The mill closed in 1949 and the

village was incorporated into Huntsville in 1955 (C ontinued on other side)

A LA B A M A H IST O RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 1994

This A labam a Historical Association m arker was co-sponsored by the City o f Huntsville and the NE Huntsville Civic Association. It was placed in front o f the Fire Station at the northeast corner o f O akw ood A venue and Lee High Drive in Huntsville, A labam a. The m arker was officially dedicated on July 30, 1995. References 17, 20, 24, 25, 41, 51, 53, 71, 83, 87, and 95 contain additional docum entation o f the Dallas M ills and V illage and Rison School.

30

(9 ) Dallas Mills and Village /Rison School

RISON SCHOO L 1921-1964

(C ontinued from other side)

The school, nam ed for mill general m anager A rchie L. Rison, was the

hub o f village social life. Cecil Fain, Rison High School Principal fo r 32

years, taught "D iscipline Com es From W ithin." The school, which

served educational and social needs o f Dal las Vi 11 age for four generations,

was located on this site.

A LA B A M A H IST O RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 1994

Dallas M ills & V illage / Rison School

Historical M arker (Front Side)

Dallas M ills & V illage / Rison School

Historical M arker (Back Side)

31

Dallas M ills

Rison School (1972)

32

(10) Dallas / Optimist Park

DALLAS (OPTIM IST) PARK 1928-1949

Built in 1928, Dallas Park served as the baseball field fo r the Dallas Mil 1 team s coached by H.E. "Hub" M yhand, who came to H untsville in 1927

as physical d irecto r for Dallas M anufacturing Co. Until the 1940's, he was Mr. Baseball in Huntsville.

During these years, sem i-pro baseball featuring local mill team s drew loyal crow ds o f up to 6,000 fans. In 1935, the Lincoln and Dallas Mill teams m erged to form the Redcaps. The H untsville Dr. Peppers (1937-1943), a women's sem i-pro softball

team coached by Cecil Fain, also played here.

(Continued on other side)

A LA B A M A H IST O R IC A L A SSO C IA T IO N 1994

The City o f Huntsville and the NE Huntsville Civic A ssociation co­sponsored this A labam a Historical Association m arker. Located at the northeast corner o f Oakw ood A venue and A ndrew Jackson W ay in Huntsville, A labam a, it was dedicated on July 30, 1995. See Reference 41 for more inform ation regarding D allas/O ptim ist Park and the m any team s that played ball there.

33

(10) Dallas / Optimist Park

(DALLAS) OPTIM IST PARK 1949-

(Continued from other side)

In 1949, the O ptim ist Club purchased D allas Park from Dallas M ills, erected lights, and renam ed it O ptim ist Park. The close o f the cotton m ills

ended the mil 1-team era, though sem i-pro baseball returned w ith Leroy M cCollum 's Huntsville

Boosters (1950-53). The park, one o f the few early ball parks open to all races, was used during the 1950's and 1960's for exhibition

gam es by the B irmingham Black Barons and other Negro League team s. With the Park

renovated and reopened (1994) by the City o f Huntsville, baseball returned to Optim ist Park,

the se lf proclaim ed "Friend o f Youth."

A LA B A M A H ISTO RIC A L A SSO C IA T IO N 1994

Ballgam e at D allas/O ptim ist Park (before 1955)

34

Dallas /O ptim ist Park H istorical M arker (Front)

Dallas /O ptim ist Park H istorical M arker (Back)

Dallas Mill Team (1930)

Dallas /O ptim ist Park A fter Renovation (1995)

35

(11) Old Town Historic District

OLD TOW N HISTORIC DISTRICT

Designated by the City o f Huntsville, A labam a on D ecem ber 12, 1974 as a Huntsville historic district, it contains houses dating from 1828 onward with

the m ajority dating from 1880 to 1929. A pproxim ate boundaries: East Clinton

Avenue north to W alker Avenue;Lincoln Street east to Andrew

Jackson W ay. Listed on the National Register o f Historic Places,

July 18, 1978.

A LA B A M A H ISTO RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 1994

The City o f Huntsville sponsored this A labam a Historical Association m arker which was erected in 1994. It is located at the northeast corner o f Holm es A venue and Lincoln Street in Huntsville, Alabama. References 5, 38, and 87 contain additional inform ation regarding this historic district.

Old Town Historic D istrict Historical M arker

ca. 1900 Bone-Gentle Hom e (1995)

1889 Sw inehart Hom e (1995)

37

U2) Andrew Jackson Encampment

ANDREW JACKSON

On this spot, cam ped his arm y, O ctober 11,1813, after m arching from Fayetteville, Tenn., - "32 m iles without halting," - enroute to the

Battle o f Horseshoe Bend.

ER E CT ED B Y A C M E C L U B , H U N T SV IL L E 1951

Andrew Jackson Historical M arker

The A cm e Club sponsored this historical m arker and dedicated it on M ay 4, 1952. It stands in the triangular m edian at Holmes A venue and Lincoln Street, Huntsville, Alabama. For additional inform ation regarding Andrew Jackson’s m arch, see References 10, 17, 18, 26, 41, 68, 81, and 82.

38

Downtown Huntsville (Eastern Quadrant)

Marker # Marker Page #13 Maple Hill Cemetery 4014 Twickenham Historic District 4215 Twickenham Historic District 4216 LeRoy Pope Mansion 4417 Helion Lodge No. 1 4618 First Presbyterian Church 4819 Howard Weeden Home 5020 Calhoun House 5221 Church o f the Nativity, Episcopal 54

22 Tallulah Bankhead/I. Schiffman Bldg. 5723 Site o f Huntsville Inn 60

39

(13) Maple Hill Cemetery

Established 1818 by the City o f Huntsville

M APLE HILL CEM ETERY

has becom e the final resting place o f m any citizens o f this com m unity. Here lie brave

men who served in the m ajor wars o f our nation, m any public servants, and

m any citizens whose good works may have been known only to God.

Scrolls in Cem etery Reception Hall bear the nam es o f some outstanding people.

A LA B A M A H IST O R IC A L A SSO C IA T IO N 1962

M aple Hill C em etery M arker (Front)

The U nited Daughters o f the Confederacy sponsored this A labam a H istorical Association m arker and dedicated it on M ay 6, 1962. It is located at the southeast com er o f W ells Avenue and Maple Hill Drive in Huntsville, A labam a. Inform ation regarding the Maple Hill Cem etery and those buried therein can be found in References 2 (No. 54), 17, 20, 25, 68, 72, 73, 80, and 87.

40

(13) Maple Hill Cemetery

Governors o f A labam a who lie buried in this cem etery:

Thom as Bibb, 1784-1839 G overnor 1820-21

Clem ent Com er C lay, 1789-1866 G overnor 1835-37

Reuben Chapm an, 1799-1882 G overnor 1847-49

Robert M iller Patton, 1809-1885 G overnor 1865-68

David Peter Lewis, 1820-1884 G overnor 1872-74

A LA B A M A H IST O RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 1962

M aple Hill Cem etery (CSA Sold iers’ Graves)

M aple Hill Cem etery (2000)

41

(14) Twickenham Historic District(15)TW ICKENHAM

HISTORIC DISTRICT

Designated by the City o f Huntsville,A labam a M arch 23, 1972. This district

is a l iving museum o f Am erican architectural styles dating from 1814.

It encom passes about one-half o f the original Town o f Tw ickenham ,

Huntsville's first official name.A pproxim ate boundaries: North - Randolph Avenue;

East - California Street; South - Lowe Avenue;W est - Franklin Street

N A TIO N A L REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES 1973

These two Alabam a Historical Association markers (along with a third m arker) were sponsored by the Tw ickenham Historic Preservation District A ssociation and dedicated on O ctober 14, 1973. One m arker is located at the southw est corner o f W hite Street and Randolph Avenue in front o f the Annie M erts Center in Huntsville, Alabama. Another m arker was erected at the northw est corner o f W hite Street and California Street. For additional inform ation regarding the Tw ickenham Historic District see References 3, 5, 25, 27, 36, 38, and 87.

A LA B A M A H ISTO RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 1973

42

ca. 1836 B ibb-H utchens Home

Tw ickenham Historic D istrict H istorical M arker

ca. 1875 W atkins Home (1994)

ca. 1902 Van V alkenburgh Home

43

(16) LeRoy Pope Mansion

THELEROY POPE M ANSION

1814

During the original M adison County Land Sales o f 1809, LeRoy Pope o f Petersburg, GA, secured among other purchases a

m ajority o f Section 36, Township 3, Range 1 W est, the site o f the future town o f Tw ickenham , as Huntsville was originally

known. Pope created Poplar Grove Plantation on this site and erected his home in 1814 in tim e to entertain Gen. Andrew Jackson on his return from the Battle o f H orseshoe Bend.

The residence was am ong the earliest brick structures in Alabam a. Inherited by his son, W illiam H. Pope, the m ansion

was sold in 1848 to Dr. Charles Hays Patton, who com m issioned G eorge Steele to add the handsom e Classical Revival portico.

N earby during the Civil W ar, Federal forces built an earthen breastw ork to defend the eastern approaches to the city.

LeRoy Pope M ansion Historical M arker

This A labam a Historical Association m arker was sponsored by the City o f Huntsville. It was erected in M arch, 1998 in front o f the LeRoy Pope M ansion on the north side o f Echols Avenue at the intersection with Adams Street in Huntsville, A labam a. References 5, 10, 25, 26, 27, 31, 32, 36, 73, 87, and 95 contain addition inform ation regarding the home and its first owner.

AA

LeRoy Pope (1764 - 1844)

LeRoy Pope M ansion (1934)

LeRoy Pope M ansion (1996)

45

(17) Helion Lodge No. 1

HELION LODGE No. 1

First M asonic Lodge in Alabama. Chartered Aug. 29,

1811, under the M asonic Jurisdiction o f Kentucky. Original building on this

site erected in 1820.

H U N TSV ILLE H ISTO RIC A L SO C IE TY 1955

This m arker was sponsored by the Huntsville Historical Society (HHS) and dedicated on April 24, 1955. This HHS m arker is located in front o f the lodge at the northeast corner o f W illiam s Avenue and Lincoln Street in Huntsville, A labama. References 10, 25, 41, 57, and 68 contain additional inform ation regarding Helion Lodge.

46

Helion Lodge Historical M arker

Original M asonic Lodge on this Site (before 1920)

Helion Lodge (2001)

47

(18) First Presbyterian Church

FIRST PRESBYTERIAN

CHURCH Huntsville, A labam a

O rganized June 15, 1818 by the Rev. G ideon Blackburn, D.D.

One o f the state's oldest Presbyterian churches.

This site was selected for the first church building, dedicated on Oct. 13, 1822. The second,

and present, sanctuary was dedicated on May 18, 1860.

N am es o f all m inisters who have served this church are recorded

on plaques in the sanctuary. This m arker erected on 150th anniversary o f organization.

A LA B A M A H ISTO RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 1968

Sponsored by the church, this A labam a Historical A ssociation m arker (sm all version) stands on the northw est com er o f Gates Avenue and Lincoln Street in Huntsville, A labama. The m arker was dedicated on June 16, 1968. Additional inform ation regarding the First Presbyterian Church can be found in References 3, 5, 10, 25, 35, 36, 50, 73, 81, 85, 87, and 95.

48

First Presbyterian C hurch (1880)

First Presbyterian Church (2001)

First Presbyterian Church Historical M arker

49

(19) Howard Weeden Home

HOW ARD W EEDEN HOM E

Built in 1819 by H. C. Bradford, this home was later owned by John Read, John M cKinley, A ssociate Justice o f

the Suprem e Court (1837-1852), Bartley M. Lowe, M. C. Betts and Maria Howard

W eeden (1846-1905) whose poetry and paintings preserve nineteenth

century Southern Culture.M arker by D.A.R. 1910; H.A.B.S. 1935

National Register o f Historic Places, 1973

A LA B A M A H ISTO RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N

How ard W eeden Home Historical M arker

This 1978 Alabam a Historical Association m arker, sponsored by the M adison County Com m ission, is located at 300 Gates A venue, Huntsville, A labam a. Tw o errors were discovered prior to this m arker being erected. The m arker was stored in a w arehouse until 1996, when the errors were corrected and the m arker was finally erected. A dedication cerem ony was held on June 27, 1999. The W eeden House is open to the public. M ore details regarding this structure and its form er residents can be found in References 2 (No. 40), 5, 10, 18, 20, 25, 27, 31, 36, 73, 77, and 87.

50

How ard W eeden Hom e (1934)

Howard W eeden Home (1996)

M aria Howard W eeden (1846-1905)

Howard W eeden Home Historical M arker D edication (1999)

Nan H all, W eeden House Com m ittee;M artha Sim m s Ram bo, W eeden House C om m ittee;

& M issy M ing Sm ith, Com m unity Relations D irector for the M adison County Com m ission

51

(20) Calhoun House

CALHOUN HOUSE

On this site stood the Calhoun House, used as a Federal Courthouse,

where desperado Frank Jam es was tried and found not guilty, by jury

trial, on April 25, 1884, for robbery o f a governm ent payroll near M uscle

Shoals, A labam a, March 11, 1881.One o f h is defense attorneys was

Huntsville's LeRoy Pope W alker, first secretary o f war o f the C onfederate

States o f A m erica

A LA B A M A H IST O RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 1979

The M adison County Com m ission sponsored this A labam a Historical Association m arker which was dedicated on O ctober 21, 1979. It is located on the northeast corner o f Eustis A venue and Greene Street in H untsville, A labam a. References 17, 20, 41, and 73 contain additional information on the Calhoun House.

52

Calhoun House when O ccupied by H untsville A cadem y (1888)

Calhoun House Historical M arker

53

Church of the Nativity, Episcopal

THE CHURCH OF THE NA TIV ITY , EPISCOPAL

The Church o f the N ativity congregation was organized Decem ber 17, 1842 - the nam e chosen because o f the

approaching Christm as season. The Convention o f the Diocese o f A labam a, Protestant Episcopal Church, approved

the congregation on February 16, 1843. The original brick church, erected in 1847, stood east o f the

present structure.The present church building, an outstanding exam ple o f

Gothic Revival architecture, was designed by Frank W ills and Henry Dudley o f New York. Erected at a cost o f $37,500, it was dedicated Easter Eve, April 13, 1859,

and consecrated January 29, 1860.N AT IO NA L HISTORIC L A N D M A R K - 1990

(continued on o ther side)

A LA B A M A H ISTO RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 2001

The City o f Huntsville sponsored this A labam a Historical Association m arker at the Church o f the N ativity located on the southw est com er o f Eustis Avenue and G reene Street, H untsville, Alabama. The m arker was dedicated on April 22, 2001. Additional information regarding this congregation and building can be found in References 5, 10, 20, 31, 32, 36 ,41 , 73, 78, 81, and 95.

54

(21 ) Church of the Nativity, Episcopal

THE CHURCH OF THE NATIVITY, EPISCOPAL

(continued from o ther side)Bibb Chapel was consecrated in 1886 as a memorial to Wilson Carey Bibb. Ridley Hall, for parish functions, was completed in 1953 as a memorial to Dr. James L.

Ridley. Joffrion Hall, dedicated in 1983 as an educational building, was named for the Rev. A. Emile

Joffrion, ninth rector.For 150 years, Nativity was served by only ten rectors,

two of whom became bishops. The Rev. Henry C. Lay, second rector, was consecrated Missionary Bishop o f the Southwest (1859). The Rev. Randolph R. Claiborne, Jr.,

seventh rector, was consecrated Suffragan Bishop, Diocese of Alabama (1949) and became Bishop o f Atlanta (1953).

A LA BA M A H ISTO RICA L A SSO C IA TIO N 2001

Church o f the Nativity National Historic Landmark Marker

55

Funeral at Church o f the Nativity (1905)

Church o f the Nativity (1955)

Church o f the Nativity (1992)

56

(22) Tallulah Bankhead / I. Schiffman Building

TALLULAH BANKHEAD1902-1968

Alabama's Best-Known ActressTallulah Bankhead was the toast o f the London theatre in the 1920's, and nationally renowned for her dramatic roles in "The

Little Foxes" (1939), "The Skin o f Our Teeth" (1942), the movie "Lifeboat" (1944), and as emcee o f "The Big Show" (NBC Radio,

1950-52). She was bom in Huntsville on January 31, 1902, in an apartment o f the I. Schiffman Building (see other side). Her father, then Huntsville City Attorney, was later Speaker o f the

U.S. House o f Representatives. A ravishing beauty in her youth, Tallulah was known for her uninhibited exuberance, deep sultry voice, and for calling everyone "Dahling." She appeared in 56 plays, 19 movies, and scores o f radio and television productions

during her 50-year career. She is buried in the churchyard o f St. Paul's, Kent County, Maryland.

A LA BA M A HISTO RICA L A SSO C IA TIO N 1999

The Tallulah Bankhead Society and the Alabama Department of Economic and Community Affairs sponsored this Alabama Historical Association marker noting the birthplace o f Tallulah Bankhead. The marker, located in front o f the Schiffman Building at 231 East Side Square, Huntsville, Alabama, was dedicated on April 18, 1999. Additional data pertaining to Tallulah Bankhead and the building in which she was bom can be found in References 2 (No. 10), 17, 25, 31, 32, and 73. 57

(22) Tallulah Bankhead / I. Schiffman Building

I. SCHIFFMAN BUILDING Birthplace o f Tallulah Bankhead

This was the original site fo ra building erected by John Brahan before 1817 and known as No. I & No. 2 Cheapside.

Erected circa 1845, the present structure is the surviving south third o f a Federal-style building. In 1895, the

Southern Savings and Loan Association acquired the property, and commissioned Architect George W. Thompson o f

Nashville, Tennessee to transform the building into Huntsville's only surviving example of Richardsonian Romanesque

architecture. Isaac Schiffman purchased the property in 1905. His family's businesses have continued here since that date. The building was placed on the National Register o f Historic

Places in 1980.ALA BA M A HISTO RICAL ASSO CIA TIO N 1999

Tallulah Bankhead / I Schiffman Building Historical Marker Dedication (1999)

David Robb, Tallulah Bankhead Society Treasurer & Margaret Anne Goldsmith, Great-Granddaughter o f

Isaac Schiffman

Tallulah Bankhead (1902-1968)

I. Schiffman Building

59

(23) Site of Huntsville Inn

SITETHE HUNTSVILLE INN

A three-story brick building erected before 1817

Here, President James Monroe was honored at a public dinner on

June 2, 1819, while on a three-day visit to the Alabama Territory.

Here, also, the First Alabama Legis­lature convened on October 25, 1819, while Huntsville was the first Capital.

ALA BA M A H ISTO RICAL A SSO C IA TIO N 1965

Huntsville Inn Historical Marker

This Alabama Historical Association marker was sponsored by the Madison County Commission and erected in 1969. The marker is located at the site o f the Huntsville Inn (223 East Side Square), Huntsville, Alabama. Information pertaining to the Huntsville Inn can be found in References 10, 26, and 27.

60

Downtown Huntsville (Southern Quadrant)

Marker # Marker Page #24 Harrison Brothers Hardware 6225 Site o f Alabama’s First Constitutional

Convention64

26 Alabama Statehood 6627 Site o f Huntsville Slave Cemetery 6728 Twickenham Historic District 6829 Birthplace o f Gen. John Hunt Morgan 7030 Saint Bartley Primitive Baptist Church 7231 W.H. Councill High School Site 7432 First Baptist Church 76

61

(23) Harrison Brothers Hardware

HARRISON BROTHERS HARDWARE Established 1879

Harrison Brothers, the oldest operating hardware store in Alabama, was founded in 1879 when

James B. and Daniel T. Harrison opened a tobacco shop on Jefferson Street. In 1897 they purchased this building on South Side Square and expanded

into the adjoining building in 1902. Both buildings were remodeled following a 1901 fire, but alterations

since then have been minimal. The brothers' stock evolved from tobacco through crockery, furniture,

jewelry, appliances and finally into hardware. Two generations o f Harrisons ran the business before it

was bought in 1984 as a preservation project by the non-profit Historic Huntsville Foundation which operates it today. The buildings were listed on the

National Register o f Historic Places in 1980.ERECTED 1989 BY THE H ISTO RIC H U N TSV ILLE FO U N D A TIO N

This Alabama Historical Commission marker was sponsored by the Historic Huntsville Foundation (HHF) and is located in front o f the store at 124 South Side Square, Huntsville, Alabama. It was dedicated on February 16, 1990. References 38 and 87 give additional information regarding the hardware store.

62

Harrison Brothers Hardware Historical Marker

Harrison Brothers Hardware Interior (1908)

Harrison Brothers Hardware (1994)

63

(25) Site of Alabama’s First Constitutional Convention

SITE - ALABAMA'S FIRST CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION

Here, on July 5, 1819 forty-four dele­gates from twenty-two Counties in

the Alabama Territory met to frame a State Constitution which was

accepted and signed August 2, 1819. Convention leadership was furnished by two Huntsvillians, John Will iams

Walker, president, and Clement Comer Clay, chairman o f a committee

appointed to draft the document.A LA BA M A HISTO RICAL A SSO CIA TIO N 1965

This Alabama Historical Association marker was sponsored by the Madison County Commission and erected in 1969. It is located on the northwest corner o f Franklin Street and Gates Avenue in front o f Constitution Village in Huntsville, Alabama. Constitution Village is open to the public and an admission fee is charged. References 1, 6, 10, 14, 26, 27, 33, 35, 41, 44, 55, 56, 59, 64, 68, 81, 87, and 95 contain additional details regarding Alabama’s first Constitutional Convention.

64

Alabam a’s First Constitutional Convention Historical Marker

Constitution Village (1994)

Constitution Vil l age ( 1994)

65

(26) Alabama Statehood

1819 1910

THIS TABLET MARKS THE SPOT WHERE

ALABAMA ENTERED THE UNION

ERECTED BY CHAPTER OF TWICKENHAM TOWN

D.A.R.

Alabama Statehood Historical Marker

The Twickenham Town Chapter o f the Daughters o f the American Revolution sponsored this plaque inset in stone monument in 1910. It is located at the northwest corner o f Franklin Street and Gates Avenue at the Constitution Village in Huntsville, Alabama. For more information regarding Alabama’s entry into the Union, see References 10, 26, 27, 33, 35, 41, 55, 56, 59, 64, 68, and 81.

66

(27) Site of Huntsville Slave Cemetery

SITE OF THE HUNTSVILLE SLAVE CEMETERY

On September 3, 1818, the Huntsvi 11 e City Commissioners purchased two acres o f land from

LeRoy Pope for a "burying ground" for slaves. This cemetery was located within the NE quarter of

Section 1, Township 4, Range 1 West o f the Base Meridian. It was affectionately known as "Georgia"

withi n the bl ack comm uni ty. The cemetery continued to be used from 1818 until 1870 when Glenwood Cemetery was designated as the city's burial ground for African Americans. No known

records have survived.A LA B A M A H ISTO RICA L A SSO C IA TIO N 1998

The City o f Huntsville sponsored this Alabama Historical Association marker commemorating the site o f Huntsville’s Slave Cemetery. The marker will soon be erected near the site o f the cemetery on Huntsville Hospital property. Reference 72 gives additional information regarding the cemetery.

67

(28) Twickenham Historic District

TWICKENHAM HISTORIC DISTRICT

Designated by the City o f Huntsville,Alabama March 23, 1972. This district

is a living museum of American architectural styles dating from 1814.

It encompasses about one-half of the original Town o f Twickenham,

Huntsville's first official name.Approximate boundaries: North - Randolph Avenue;

East - California Street; South - Lowe Avenue;West - Franklin Street

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES 1973A LABA M A H ISTO RICAL ASSO CIA TIO N 1973

Sponsored by the Twickenham Historic Preservation District Association and dedicated on Oct. 14, 1973, this Alabama Historical Association marker is one o f three markers placed along the boundaries o f the Twickenham Historic District. This marker is located at the southwest corner o f Williams Avenue and Franklin Street, Huntsville, Alabama. References 3, 5, 25, 27, 36, 38, and 87 have additional details regarding the historic district and some o f the structures located therein.

68

ca. 1818 Albert R. Erskine Home (2001)

ca. 1835 Lane Home (2001)

ca. 1826-1860 Moore-Rhett Home (2001)

69

(29) Birthplace of General John Hunt Morgan

Birthplace of GENERAL MORGAN

the Rebel Raider.

In this House John Hunt Morgan

was born June 1, 1825.This dashing cavalry leader

o f the Confederacy was killed at Greeneville, Tenn., Sept. 4, 1864.

This house, built in 1823, was the home, 1849-1949, o f the heirs

o f Stephen Neal,Madison County's first Sheriff.

A LABA M A H ISTO RICAL A SSO CIA TIO N 1955

This Alabama Historical Association marker (small version) was sponsored by the Huntsville Historical Society and dedicated on April 24, 1955. It is located at 558 Franklin Street, Huntsville, Alabama, in front o f the private residence where General John Hunt Morgan was born. References 2 (No. 34), 25, 36, 39, 67, 73, and 91 contain information on this Confederate General.

70

Gen. John Hunt Morgan Birthplace (1963)

Birthplace o f General Morgan Historical Marker

Hunt-Stockton Home (1994)

71

(30) Saint Bartley Primitive Baptist Church

Located here 1872-1964 SAINT BARTLEY

PRIMITIVE BAPTIST CHURCH Oldest Negro congregation in Alabama

Organized 1820 by William Harris, a slave, who was minister more than 50 years. Original church, called Huntsville African Baptist,

stood 4 blocks south in Old Georgia Graveyard.In 1870, this church and 3 others formed

Indian Creek Primitive Baptist Association. Congregation occupied brick church on this

site 1872-1964. In 1965, moved to new building, 3020 Belafonte Ave., N.W. Present name honors

Bartley Harris, saintly second minister. Other pastors: Felix Jordan, Eli Patton, Richard

Moore, Amos Robinson.MARKER ERECTED IN 150th ANNIVERSARY YEAR

A LA BA M A H ISTO RICAL ASSO CIA TIO N 1970

This A labama Historical Association marker was erected at a former site o f the Saint Bartley Primitive Baptist Church. It is located on the south side o f Williams Avenue (between Gallatin Street and Fountain Row) in Huntsville, Alabama. A dedication service was held on September 20, 1970, the 150th anniversary year o f the church’s establishment. This marker was refurbished in 2000. For more information on Saint Bartley Primitive Baptist Church, see Reference 24.

72

Saint Bartley Primitive Baptist Church

Saint Bartley Primitive Baptist Church

Historical Marker

Saint Bartley Primitive Baptist Church (1997)

73

William Hooper Councill High School Site

WILLIAM HOOPER COUNCILL HIGH SCHOOL SITE

1892-1966

The first public school for African-Americans in the city o f Huntsville was named for the founder

o f the Alabama A&M University. The site, selected by a committee headed by the Rev. W.E. Gaston, was donated by the Davis-Lowe family.

Founded in 1867 in the basement o f Lakeside Methodist Episcopal Church on Jefferson Street,

the school was moved to a frame building on this site in 1892. The first diplomas were granted

in 1912. A brick structure replaced the original building in 1927.

The school was closed due to integration, gradu­ating its last class in 1966.

A LA BA M A H ISTO RICAL A SSO C IA TIO N 1993

Sponsored by the Councill Alumni and the City o f Huntsville, this Alabama Historical Association marker was dedicated March 27, 1994. It stands in front o f the William Hooper Councill High School building at 620 St. Clair Avenue, Huntsville, Alabama. References 12, 20, and 41 reveal more information about the school.

74

Students at W.H. Councill School (ca. 1915)

W.H. Councill School

William Hooper Councill (1848-1909)William Hooper Councill High School

Historical Marker

75

© First Baptist Church

FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH HUNTSVILLE, ALABAMA

Oldest Baptist Church (Missionary) in Alabama. Organized June 3, 1809 as the West

Fork o f Flint River Church. Presiding Clergy: John Canterbury, John McCutchen and John Nicholson. Renamed Enon Church and

called John Canterbury as 1st pastor 1809.1st meetinghouse completed 1813, 1 m i le NE

o f Meridianville. 2nd meetinghouse completed 1825, 3 miles NE o f Meridianville.

Charter mem ber o f FIi nt River Baptist Association 1814.

This historical marker erected 1983.ALA BA M A HISTO RICA L A SSO CIA TIO N 1983

The First Baptist Church historical marker was dedicated on June 5, 1983. This Alabama Historical Association marker was erected in front o f the church’s sanctuary at 600 Governors Drive, Huntsville, Alabama. References 11, 20, 24, 29, 41, 53, 58, 70, 74, and 95 reveal additional information regarding the church’s history.

76

(32) First Baptist Church

(Continued from other side)Hosted organizational meeting o f Liberty

Baptist Association November 1838. Built 3rd meetinghouse 1859-1869 at Clinton and

Gallatin Sts. Pastor Eugene Strode led church to Huntsville 1861. Renamed First

Baptist Church 1893. Dedicated new building 1895. Relocated to this site 1963.Completed new facilities with distinctive,

modernistic architecture and Christian symbolism 1966.

Established eleven missions o f which several became churches. Charter member

o f Madison Baptist Association 1838.Member o f Alabama Baptist State Convention.

A LA B A M A H ISTO RICA L A SSO C IA TIO N 1983

First Baptist Church Historical Marker (Front)

First Baptist Church Historical Marker (Back)

77

First Baptist Church at Clinton & Gallatin Streets

Fi rst Baptist Church (1994)

First Baptist Church Bell Tower (1994)78

Downtown Huntsville (Western Quadrant)

Marker # Marker Page #33 Huntsville Passenger Depot 8034 Original Site o f Lakeside

United Methodist Church82

35 First Bank in AlabamaPlanters and Merchants Bank

85

36 First National Bank o f Huntsville 8637 Major General H.N. Toftoy 8838 John Hunt / Big Spring 9039 Indian Creek Canal 9240 City o f Huntsville 9441 Dr. W emher Von Braun 9642 Original Site o f Alabama A&M Univ. 9843 Glenwood Cemetery 100

79

(33) Huntsville Passenger Depot

PASSENGER DEPOT Huntsville, Alabama

Built 1860

Memphis and Charleston Railroad Company Eastern Division headquarters in this passenger depot, adjoining yards and

shops captured by Union Army April 11,1862. Vital east-west Confederate rail

link severed; C.S.A. soldiers imprisoned here. Depot later used by Federal s as

base for gathering supplies for Western Theater mi li tary operations. After

Civil War returned to M. & C. R. R. Co.;acquired by Southern Railway System 1898;Since 1971 preserved by City o f Huntsville.

National Register o f Historic Places 1971A LA BA M A HISTO RICA L ASSO CIA TIO N 1978

The National Park Service sponsored this Alabama Historical Association marker highlighting the historical significance o f Huntsville’s Passenger Depot. The marker was erected in front o f the depot at 320 Church Street, Huntsville, Alabama. The depot and other structures related to the railway system are open to the public for an admission charge. References 2 (No. 34), 5, 10, 22, 25, 41, 73, and 81 reveal other information regarding Huntsville’s rail system.

80

Huntsville Round House During Federal Occupation (ca. 1865)

Huntsville Passenger Depot (ca. 1870)

Huntsville Passenger Depot Historical Marker

Huntsville Passenger Depot (1994)

81

(34) Original Site of Lakeside United Methodist Church

ORIGINAL SITE OF LAKESIDE UNITED

METHODIST CHURCH 1866-1968

The Missionary Society o f the Methodist Episcopal Church purchased this property in 1866, and the

congregation erected a frame building with a brick basement in 1867. The Rev. Howell Echols was the first pastor. In 1886, a brick building, constructed

from dismantled materials from the original Episcopal Church o f the Nativity, was dedicated. The property was sold during Urban Renewal in the 1960's, and the congregation moved to 3738 Meridian Street in 1968. The building on this

site was destroyed by fire, and many items, including church records, stained glass windows,

cornerstones, and a chandelier, were lost.ALABA M A HISTO RICAL A SSO CIA TIO N 1997

This Alabama Historical Association marker, sponsored by the City of Huntsville, is located at the original site o f the Lakeside United Methodist Church (west side o f 200 block o f Jefferson Street, Huntsville, Alabama). It was dedicated on July 19, 1998. References 24, 41, and 53 contain additional information on the church’s history.

82

(34) Original Site of Lakeside United Methodist Church

ORIGINAL SITE OF LAKESIDE UNITED

METHODIST CHURCH 1866-1968

For more than a century at this site, Lakeside provided educational, political, and cultural

leaders for Huntsville. The first city-supported school for blacks was located in the basement

(1867-1890), with Henry C. Binford, Charles Hendley, Jr., and Thomas Cooper as principals. Six o f the

nine black Aldermen in Huntsville from 1880- 1905 were members o f the church: Thomas

Townsend, Nelson Hendley, David and Daniel Brandon, Dr. Burgess E. Scruggs, and Henry C.

Binford. Mary Binford Jordan began the Annual Harvest Cultural Festival in 1901 in the basement and the first public library for blacks was opened

there in 1940 by Dulcina DeBerry.A LA B A M A H ISTO RICA L A SSO C IA TIO N 1997

Lakeside United Methodist Church Historical Marker Dedication (1998) Mary Chambers, Church Historian; Alex Luttrell, Huntsville-Madison County Historical Society Marker

Chairman; & Joyce Smith, Alabama Historical Association Vice-President

83

Lakeside United Methodist Church Historical Marker

Lakeside United Methodist Church (1955)

Lakeside United Methodist Church (2001)84

(35) First Bank in Alabama Planters and Merchants Bank

FIRST BANK IN ALABAMA PLANTERS AND MERCHANTS

BANK OF HUNTSVILLE

Housed on this site in brick building 44 ft. x 54 ft.

Chartered by Mississippi Territorial Legislature December 11, 1816

Commenced operations October 17, 1817, shortly thereafter made depository for Huntsville Federal Land Office funds

Charter voided by Proclamation of Governor Pickens on February 1, 1825

LeRoy Pope, first and only presidentA LA BA M A HISTO RICAL A SSO C IA TIO N 19

Planters and Merchants Bank Historical Marker

The Madison County Commission sponsored this Alabama Historical Association marker which was erected in 1969. It is attached to the north end of the stone wall at 216 West Side Square, Huntsville, Alabama. References 1,10, 13, 14, 25, 26, 27, 41, 59, 63, 81, and 87 contain more information about A labama’s first bank.

85

(36) First National Bank of Huntsville

ERECTED IN

1835

This building has since been occupied by The First National Bank o f Huntsville

and its predecessors:

The National Bank o f Huntsville 1865-1889

The Northern Bank o f Alabama 1852-1865

(Operation suspended 1863-1865)

The Branch o f the State Bank o f Huntsville

1835-1852G eorge Steele, A rchitect and Builder H untsville H istorical Society 1955

This Huntsville Historical Society (HHS) marker, sponsored by the HHS, was dedicated on April 24, 1955. It is located at 216 West Side Square, Huntsville, Alabama, in front o f the building which has been the home to a bank for all o f its existence. References 1 ,5 , 10, 13, 14, 20, 25, 26, 31, 41, 73, 87, and 95 contain additional information on the building’s occupants and banking in Alabama.

86

First National Bank

First Alabama Bank (1994)

First National Bank Historical Marker

87

(37) Major General H.N. Toftoy

THIS PLAQUE WAS PLACED HERE BY CITIZENS OF HUNTSVILLE AND MADISON COUNTY, ALABAMA,

IN HONOR OF

MAJOR GENERAL H. N. TOFTOY, USA

WHO WAS COMMANDING GENERAL OF REDSTONE ARSENAL

FROM SEPTEMBER 1, 1954,TO MARCH 31, 1958. IT WAS UNVEILED HERE ON AUGUST 1, 1958,

ON THE OCCASION OF HIS TRANSFER TO THE COM M AND OF ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND.

GENERAL TOFTOY DURING HIS STAY AT REDSTONE

MADE A SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTION TO THIS COMMUNITY,

AND HE WILL FOREVER BE ENSHRINED IN THE HEARTS OF LOCAL PEOPLE AS

"MR. MISSILE."

This marker, honoring Major General H.N. Toftoy, was sponsored by the citizens o f Huntsville and Madison County. It is located just below the West Side Square in Huntsville, Alabama, on steps leading to the Big Spring. The marker which features a metal plaque inset in stone was dedicated on August 1, 1958. References 17, 41, and 87 contain a more thorough account o f Major General Toftoy’s contributions to this area.

88

Major General H.N. Toftoy (1902-1967)

Major General H.N. Toftoy Historical Marker

89

® John Hunt / Big Spring

JOHN HUNT

FOR WHOM HUNTSVILLE W AS NAMED LIVED IN A CABIN

NEAR THIS SPRING ABOUT THE YEAR 1805

ERECTED BY JU D G E DAVID C A M PB ELL CHAPTER

D A U G H TER S OF TH E A M ERICA N COLONISTS 1948

John Hunt/Big Spring Historical Marker

This Daughters o f the American Colonists (DAC) marker was sponsored by the Judge David Campbell Chapter, DAC, and dedicated on May 22, 1949. It is located at the mouth o f Big Spring just below the West Side Square, Huntsville, Alabama. References 10, 17, 18, 20, 25, 26, 27, 36, 41, 45, 46, 73, 87, 90, and 95 contain information about John Hunt and his settlement at the Big Spring.

90

Big Spring (ca. 1848)

Big Spring (1860)

Baptism in Big Sprin g (1895)

Big Spring (1996)

91

(39) Indian Creek Canal

Northern Terminus INDIAN CREEK CANAL

First Canal in Alabama Incorporated 1820 Completed 1831

This canal was constructed to the Tennessee River to facilitate the

transportation o f cotton to market. Developers were: Thomas Fearn, LeRoy Pope, Stephen S. Ewing,

Henry Cook, and Samuel Hazard.A LA BA M A H ISTO RICAL ASSO CIA TIO N 1965

The Madison County Commission sponsored this Alabama Historical Association marker which was erected in 1969. The marker is located at the southern end o f Spragins Avenue, Huntsville, Alabama, in the eastern portion o f Big Spring Park. The marker was refurbished in 2000. References 10, 18, 26, 27, 41, 62, 87, and 90 reveal additional details about Indian Creek Canal.

92

Indian Creek Canal Historical Marker

Indian Creek Canal (1994)

Indian Creek Canal (1994)

93

(40) City of Huntsville

HUNTSVILLE

City was scene o f these "firsts" in Alabama:

1811 first town incorporated 1812 first Masonic Lodge chartered

1816 first bank incorporated 1819 first state constitution

drafted1819 first Governor inaugurated

1819 first sessi on o f state legislature held

1824 first cotton mill erectedA LA BA M A HISTO RICAL A SSO CIA TIO N 1953

Sponsored by the Huntsville Historical Society, this Alabama Historical Association marker was dedicated on August 16, 1953. The marker was originally located in front o f the old Huntsville Public Library at the northwest comer o f Madison Street and Gates Avenue. The marker was removed from this location when the old Carnegie Library was demolished. It was then erected in front o f the Chamber o f Commerce at 305 Church Street. In 1999, this marker was moved ~ 100 yards to the north (in front o f Big Spring Park) due to the demolition o f the old Chamber o f Commerce building. The marker was completely refurbished in 1976 and again in 2000. References 4, 10, 14, 17, 20, 25, 26, 27, 41, 45, 62, 71, 73, 76, 82, 84, 86, 87, 90, and 95 contain m ore details regarding Huntsville’s history.

94

Huntsville City Hall

Huntsville Municipal Complex (1996)

City o f Huntsville Historical Marker

95

(41) Dr. Wernher Von Braun

THIS PLAQUE WAS PLACED HERE BY CITIZENS OF HUNTSVILLE AND MADISON COUNTY, ALABAMA

IN HONOR OF

DR. WERNHER VON BRAUN

WHO DIRECTED RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OPERATIONS FOR THE ARMY AT REDSTONE ARSENAL

FROM 1950 TO 1960, AND SERVED AS DIRECTOR OF GEORGE C. MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CENTER FROM

1960 TO 1970.IT WAS UNVEILED ON FEBRUARY 24, 1970 ON THE OCCASION OF HIS TRANSFER TO

WASHINGTON, D.C., AS DEPUTY ASSOCIATE ADMINISTRATOR OF

THE NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION.

DR. VON BRAUN,WHOSE VISION AND KNOWLEDGE MADE POSSIBLE THE

LANDING OF THE FIRST MAN ON THE MOON BY THE UNITED STATES, CONTRIBUTED SIGNIFICANTLY TO

THE LIFE OF THIS COMMUNITY.HE WILL FOREVER BE RESPECTED AND ADMIRED BY HIS

LOCAL FELLOW CITIZENS.

Originally located on the grounds o f the Madison County Courthouse in Huntsville, Alabama, this plaque inset in stone was erected to honor Dr. Wernher von Braun. The marker was sponsored by the citizens o f Huntsville and Madison County and was unveiled on February 24, 1970. The marker was later moved to 700 Monroe Street (in front o f the Von Braun Center Concert Hall). Dr. Von Braun’s accomplishments are recounted in References 2 (No. 48, 49), 9, 17, 25, 34, 41, 87, 88, 93, and 95.96

Dr. Wernher Von Braun Historical Marker

Dr. Wernher Von Braun (1912-1977)

97

(42) Original Site of Alabama A&M University

original site of ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL

ANDMECHANICAL UNIVERSITY

(now located at Normal, Alabama)

Legislature approved 9 December 1873 "a normal school for the education of

colored teachers" in Huntsville. Ex-slave William Hooper Councill founder and first president. Classes began May 1875 with sixty-one pupils and two teachers; held in rented buildings until moved 1891 to this

site - the first school-owned property. Land-grant funds received 1891 for training o f Negroes in agriculture and mechanic arts

enabled school to enlarge and re-locate on present campus north o f the city.ALA BA M A HISTO RICA L A SSO C IA TIO N 1974

This Alabama Historical Association marker was erected at the original site o f Alabama A&M University on the southwest comer o f Clinton Avenue and Monroe Street, Huntsville, Alabama. It was sponsored by the Madison County Commission and was dedicated on March 13, 1975. References 12, 20, 25, 60, and 64 reveal various aspects o f the university’s rich history.

98

(42) Original Site ofAlabama A&M University

ALABAMA A & M UNIVERSITY

former names

1873 - Colored Normal School at Huntsville 1885 - The Huntsville State Colored Normal

and Industrial School 1896 - The State Agricultural and Mechanical

College for Negroes 1919 - The State Agricultural and Mechanical

Institute for Negroes 1948 - Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical

College1969 - University status achieved

A LA BA M A H ISTO RICA L A SSO C IA TIO N 1974

Original Site o f Alabama A&M University

Historical Marker (Front)

Original Site o f Alabama A&M University

Historical Marker (Back)

99

© Glenwood Cemetery

GLENW OOD CEMETERYGlenwood Cemetery replaced the original slave cemetery, known as "Georgia," which had been

established in 1818 and located north o f the present Huntsville Hospital. Glenwood Cemetery was

established in 1870 by the City o f Huntsville following the purchase o f 10 acres from the

Benjamin W. Blake estate, originally a part o f the John Brahan Plantation. Additional land was

added in 1875 from the W.W. Darwin family, resulting in the current configuration. Distinguished African Americans buried here include veterans o f

America's wars beginning with the Civil War, former slaves, accomplished artisans, professionals

in many fields, clergymen, educators, entrepreneurs, politicians, and other leaders.

(Continued on other side)A LA BA M A HISTO RICAL A SSO C IA TIO N 1996

At the intersection o f Hall Avenue and Cemetery Street in Huntsville, Alabama, stands the Alabama Historical Association marker for Glenwood Cemetery. This marker was sponsored by the City o f Huntsville and dedicated on October 27, 1996. Additional information on the cemetery can be found in References 41 and 72.

100

(43) Glenwood Cemetery

EARLY COM M UNITY LEADERS BURIED HERE INCLUDE:

Henry C. Binford, Educator Daniel S. Brandon, Alderman

William H. Gaston, Clergyman Charles Hendley, Jr., Editor,

Huntsville Gazette C.C. Moore, Postman

Burgess E. Scruggs, PhysicianA LA BA M A H ISTO RICA L A SSO C IA TIO N 1996

Glenwood Cemetery Historical Marker

(Front)

Glenwood Cemetery Historical Marker

(Back)

101

Glenwood Cemetery Marker Dedication (1996)

Dr. Henry Bradford, Pastor of Church Street C.P. Church o f America;

Izeuma Olowolowo, Student at the Academy for Science and Foreign

Language; & Ollye B. Conley, Principal o f the Academy for Science and

Foreign Language

Glenwood Cemetery Marker Dedication (1996) Brenda Webb, Director of

Cemeteries, City of Huntsville; Ollye B. Conley, Principal o f the Academy for

Science and Foreign Language; &

Richard Showers, Huntsville City Councilman

Glenwood Cemetery (1997)

102

Northeastern Madison County(Including North Huntsville)

103

Marker # Marker Page #44 Site o f Bell Factory 10445 Buckhom Tavern and Skirmish 10646 Town of New Market 10847 New Market Presbyterian Church 11048 Mount Paran Campground and Cemetery 11249 Madison County Poorhouse Farm Site 115

and Cemetery50 Old Limestone Road Skirmish 11651 Initial Survey Point 11752 Site o f Cabaniss Cotton Spinning 118

Factory53 Site o f John Williams Walker Home 11954 Original Site o f Enon Baptist Church 12055 Alabama A&M University 122

(44) Site of Bell Factory

Site o f BELL FACTORY

Mile and one-half southeast on Flint River

Earliest important textile mill in Alabama

Incorporated by Patton Donegan Company in 1832

3,000 spindles and 100 looms operated by skilled slave labor In production as late as 1885

Name derived from "bell" used to signal workersERECTED BY: JU DGE DA VID C A M PB E LL C H A PTER -

DA U G H TERS OF A M ERICA N CO LO N ISTS 1957

The Daughters o f the American Colonists (DAC)/Judge David Campbell Chapter sponsored this DAC marker in 1957. It is located on the west side of Winchester Road at the intersection o f Bell Factory Road in Riverton, Alabama. References 10, 25, 31, 32, 35, 36, 71, 81, 87, and 90 give additional details regarding Bell Factory and other early textile mills in Madison County.

104

Site o f Bell Factory Historical Marker

Bell Factory

105

(45) Buckhorn Tavern / Buckhorn Tavern Skirmish

BUCKHORN TAVERN

Located in Section 18, Township 2, Range 2 East, this site was an early wayside stop for pioneer settlers as they traveled the road

from Winchester, Tennessee into Madison County. The tavern pre­dates the creation o f the county, Dec. 13, 1808.

During the Creek Indian War (1813-1814), the Deposit Road was created at this point and stretched southeastward through Cherokee

lands to Fort Deposit near Gunter's Landing. This became the supply route for General Andrew Jackson's forces. His deputy,

Colonel John Coffee, stored supplies opposite the tavern and camped his troops (Nov. 22 - Dec. 8, 1813).

By tradition, the tavern took its name "Buckhorn" in 1858 when William L. Fanning killed a buck near the site and presented its

antlers to the innkeeper. The antlers are now displayed at Buckhorn High School.

The original building was demolished in the early 1950s.(Continued on other side)

ALA BA M A HISTO RICAL A SSO C IA TIO N 1996

Sponsored by the Buckhorn Tavern Event Committee and dedicated on April 20, 1996, this Alabama Historical Association marker is located at the intersection o f Winchester Road and Maysville Road in New Market, Alabama. Additional information on the Buckhorn Tavern and the Civil War skirmish which took place in the area can be found in References 66 and 73.

106

(45) Buckhorn Tavern / Buckhorn Tavern Skirmish

BUCKHORN TAVERN SKIRMISH

(Continued from other side)Buckhom Tavern was the site o f a skirmish on Oct. 12, 1863.

Confederate General Philip D. Roddey's Alabama Cavalry Brigade was moving south from New Market when it intercepted Union General

Robert Mitchell's Cavalry Brigade, advancing northeast from Huntsville. A brisk firefight broke out, the opposing forces so close they could see each others' faces by the muzzle flashes. Both sides hesitated

to advance in the approaching darkness and heavy rain. The Union troops camped for the night in the woods; the Confederates

retired to New Market. The next morning, Roddey's Brigade rode on to Athens. The Union cavalry did not pursue.

A LA BA M A H ISTO RICA L A SSO C IA TIO N 1996

Buckhom Tavern Historical Marker

(Front)

Buckhom Tavern Skirmish Historical Marker

(Back)

107

(46) Town of New Market

TOWN OF NEW MARKET

Settled by Pioneers early as 1806. Voting Precinct established 1827. Town incorporated 1837.

George Smith, major landowner o f town site, built first log house and established mercantile

business, 1814. John Miller excavated millrace, erected gristmill and sawmill, 1819. William Hayter,

first Postmaster, 1827-1839.Town became a thriving commercial center for

a prosperous agricultural community, once known as "The Watercress Capital o f the World;" greatly

respected for development o f religious and educational endeavors, and furnishing political

leadership in local and state government.ALA BA M A HISTO RICAL ASSO CIA TIO N 1989

The Madison County Commission sponsored the erection o f this Alabama Historical Association marker on the east side of Winchester Road, just south o f New Market Road, in New Market, Alabama. The marker was dedicated on September 17, 1989. More information on the Town o f New Market can be found in References 10, 26, 31, 40, 41, 45, 61, 62, 66, 68, 71, 73, and 90.

108

J.W. Cochran’s Store (early 1900’s)

Town o f New Market Historical Marker

Stage Coach Home (ca. 1913)

109

(47) New MarketPresbyterian Church

NEW MARKET PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH

Mary Mi 11 er deeded 1 and in 1849 to serve both Methodist and Cumberland Presbyterian

congregations. The original building burned and the Methodists in 1882 sold their interest in a

second building. This second church destroyed by a tornado in 1884. Present bui ldi ng erected in 1888. In 1906 the Cumberland Presbyterians

left to form a new church, and the remaining members affiliated with the First Presbyterian

Church, USA; N.J. Powers, Minister.National Register o f Historic Places, 1988

A LA BA M A HISTO RICA L A SSO C IA TIO N 1996

The New Market Presbyterian Church marker was sponsored by the Vandiver family and placed in front o f the sanctuary on the north side o f New Market Road in New Market, Alabama. A dedication ceremony for this Alabama Historical Association marker was held on May 19, 1996. References 40, 61, and 62 reveal additional facts regarding the church’s history.

110

New Market Presbyterian Church Historical Marker

Sketch o f New Market Presbyterian Church

New Market Presbyterian Church (1995)

111

(48) Mount Paran Campground and Cemetery

MOUNT PARAN CAMPGROUND AND CEMETERY

NEW MARKET, ALABAMA

"A holy place: symbol o f eternity, strength, and stability withinthe wilderness."

One o f the earliest known Cumberland Presbyterian campgrounds in Madison County, Mount Paran Cemetery is the resting place for many

o f the county's pioneer settlers, with the earliest surviving grave stone dated 1826. Originally the six acre site was bequeathed to

Mount Paran Presbyterian Church o f New Market in 1842 by Samuel Davis. A division within the congregation in 1906 resulted in the

dissolution o f the Cumberland Presbyterian Church at New Market in 1914, and some o f its members joined neighboring congregations.

With the decline o f its use, Mount Paran Cemetery became known as"Graveyard Hill."(Continued on other side)

A LA B A M A HISTO RICAL A SSO CIA TIO N 1989

The Mount Paran Campground and Cemetery marker was sponsored by the Madison County Commission and dedicated on September 17, 1989. This Alabama Historical Association marker is located on the west side o f Winchester Road, 1/2 mile north o f New Market Road in New Market, Alabama. References 40, 45, 61, and 72 contain additional information on the campground and cemetery.

112

(48) Mount Paran Campground and Cemetery

MOUNT PARAN CAM PGROUND AND CEMETERY

NEW MARKET, ALABAM A(C ontinued from o th er side)

Today Mount Paran Cemetery comprises 3.77 acres; approximately 400 grave sites may be found o f which 135 have markers remaining.

Revolutionary W ar veterans Samuel Davis and Moses Poor are buried here, along with their

families, as well as those o f Isaac Criner and John Miller. Records indicate the burial o f a number o f early pioneers, farmers, servants, merchants,

physicians, educators, ministers, public officials, veterans o f m ajor wars, and those whose good

works may be known only to God.ALABA M A HISTO RICA L A SSO CIA TIO N 1989

113

Mount Paran Campground & Cemetery Historical Marker

Criner Tombstone Mount Paran Cemetery

Mount Paran Cemetery (1997)

114

(49) Madison County Poorhouse Farm Site and Cemetery

M ADISON CO UN TY POORHOUSE FARM SITE AND CEM ETERY NEW M ARKET, A LA BA M A

1870-1923

For 53 years Madison county operated an estab­lishment one-half mile to the south where the

indigent, lame, and unfortunate were housed in a series o f log buildings. Each year a superintendent

and a physician were appointed to care for their needs. For many paupers this becam e their final resting place. Today, the only visible remains o f

the facility are the depressions which indicate hundreds o f unmarked graves in the pasture and

wooded areas.The cemetery and 123 acres o f the original

farm were added to the A labam a Register of Landmarks and Heritage on N ovem ber 2, 1990.

E R E C T ED 1991 BY TH E M A D ISO N C O U N T Y C O M M ISS IO N

M adison County Poorhouse Farm Site & Cemetery

Historical Marker

Sponsored by the Madison County Commission, this Alabama Historical Commission marker was erected in 1991 on the south side o f Beth Road, 1.7 miles west o f New Market, Alabama. Reference 38 reveals additional details relating to the Madison County Poorhouse Farm Site and Cemetery.

115

(50) Old Limestone Road Skirmish

2 miles N.W . on old Limestone Road during a

SKIRMISH August 5, 1862

Federal General Robert L. McCook was killed by m en o f Capt. Frank Gurley's

Confederate unit. In retaliation, the Federal forces burned and

pillaged the area

A LA B A M A H ISTO RIC A L A SSO C IA T IO N 1965

Old Limestone Road Skirmish Historical Marker

This Alabama Historical Association marker notes the site o f the Old Limestone Road Skirmish during the War Between the States. The Madison County Commission sponsored the marker which is located at the southwest corner o f W inchester Road and Buddy Williamson Road in Plevna, Alabama. More information relating to the skirmish can be found in References 10, 66, and 73.

116

(51) Initial Survey Point

INITIAL SURVEY POINT

In 1809, Major Thomas Freeman, Deputy U.S. Surveyor, established a marker

here on the state line, and began surveying south toward the middle o f the state. The line, known as the Huntsville Meridian, is the reference

for all property surveys in North Alabama. The Initial Point, now in the

middle o f the highway, was reset in 1977 by the Alabam a Society o f

Professional Land Surveyors.

A LA B A M A H IST O R IC A L A SSO C IA T IO N 1977

Initial Survey Point Historical Marker

Erected in 1977, this Alabama Historical Association marker is located on the west side o f Highway 231/431 ju s t south o f the Alabama/Tennessee line. References 10, 36, 79, and 90 reveal more information about Thomas Freeman and his Initial Survey Point for the Huntsville Meridian.

117

Site ofCabaniss Cotton Spinning Factory

Site o fCABANISS COTTON SPINNING FACTORY

One mile east o f here on Flint River

stood the first known Cotton Spinning Factory in Alabama,

erected by Charles Cabaniss in 1817-1818

A LA B A M A H ISTO RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 1967

Situated on the east side o f Highway 231/431, 2 miles north o f Hazel Green, in the community o f Fisk, Alabama, once stood an Alabama Historical Association marker denoting the site o f the Cabaniss Cotton Spinning Factory. The marker, sponsored by the Madison County Commission, was dedicated on October 8, 1967. The marker has since vanished, possibly being destroyed by vehicular traffic. References 10, 16, 35, and 87 contain more information on the cotton mi 11.

118

(53) Site ofJohn Williams Walker Home

Near here lived JOHN W ILLIAM S W A LK ER (1783-1823)

President o f Alabama's First Constitutional Convention 1819

and Alabama's first U. S. Senator 1819-22. Walker County i n northwest Alabama, created 1823, was named in

his honor. Four o f his sons,Percy Walker, John James Walker, LeRoy Pope Walker, and Richard Wilde Walker, were prominent in

Alabama politics.

A LA B A M A H IST O R IC A L A SSO C IA T IO N 1966

This Alabama Historical Association marker, sponsored by the Madison County Commission, was erected at a site 2 miles north o f Meridianville, Alabama, on the east side o f Highway 231/431. The marker was dedicated on June 12, 1966, but was later destroyed or vandalized. See References 6, 10, 26, 55, 56 for more information on John W illiams Walker.

119

(54) Original Site of Enon Baptist Church

ORIGINAL SITE OF ENON BAPTIST CHURCH

Approximately one-half mile north of here is the original site o f the oldest Baptist Church (Missionary) in Alabama. This

congregation was organized on June 3, 1809 as the West Fork o f Flint River Church and renamed Enon Church shortly thereafter. John Canterbury was cal led as the first pastor on August 5, 1809.

This group became a charter member o f Flint River Baptist Association in 1814. Services were held in members' homes until a log meetinghouse was completed in 1813. This building served

until 1825 when a brick church was constructed three miles northeast o f Meridianville. In 1861 under the leadership o f Pastor Eugene Strode, the congregation moved to Huntsville. The Enon

Baptist Church was renamed First Baptist Church in 1895.

A LA B A M A H ISTO RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 1997

The First Baptist Church o f Huntsville sponsored this A labam a Historical Association marker at the church’s original site. The marker, dedicated on June 6, 1998, is located at the northeast corner o f Meridianvilie Bottom Road and Bolling Road in Meridi anvi lie, Alabama. References 10, 11, 29, 35, 41, 58, 70, 74, and 87 contain additional facts relating to the church’s history and its former locations.

120

Enon Baptist Church Marker Dedication (1998) David Hinkle & Bob Quick

Original Site o f Enon Baptist Church

Historical Marker

Enon Baptist Church Marker Dedication (1998)Dr. Ralph Langley, Pastor Emeritus; Alex Luttrell,

Huntsville-Madison County Historical Society Marker Committee Chairman; Catherine Miller, Pastoral Assistant;

James W. Lee, A labam a Historical Association Executive Board Member; Polly Lucas, Church History;

Bob A lverson, Church History Committee Chairman;Dr. Tim Brock, Minister o f Education and Adults; &

Steve Lee, Church Trustee

121

(55) Alabama A&M University

ALABAM A AGRICULTURAL AND

M ECHANICAL UNIVERSITY Normal, Alabama

Legislature approved 9 December 1873 "a normal school for the education o f

colored teachers" in Huntsville. Ex-slave William Hooper Councill founder and first

president. Classes began May 1875 in a rented building; m oved 1881 to first school-

owned property on West Clinton Street. Land-grant funds received 1891 for training o f Negroes in agriculture and mechanic arts enabled school to enlarge and re-establish

at present location. Evolved from a Normal School to a University in ninety-four years.

A LA B A M A H ISTO RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 1974

This Alabam a Historical Association m arker was installed in 1974, at the northeast corner o f Meridian Street and Chase Road in Huntsville, Alabama. References 10, 12, 15, 20, 25, 36, 49, 60, 64, 68, 71, 81, 87, and 95 document the history o f A labam a A&M University.

122

(55) Alabama A&M University

ALABAM A A & M UNIVERSITY

former names

1873 - Colored Nonnal School at Huntsville 1885 - The Huntsville State Colored Normal

and Industrial School 1896 - The State Agricultural and Mechanical

College for Negroes 1919 - The State Agricultural and Mechanical

Institute for Negroes 1948 - Alabam a Agricultural and Mechanical

College1969 - University status achieved

A LA B A M A H IST O RICA L A S S O C IA T IO N 1974

Alabama A&M Cam pus

123

Alabama A&M University Historical Marker (Front)

Alabama A&M University Historical M arker (Back)

Alabama A&M Cam pus (1994)

124

Southeastern Madison County(Including South & East Huntsville)

Marker # Marker Page #56 Hermes Guided Missile 12657 Site o f Ditto’s Landing and 128

Town o f Whitesburg58 Chickasaw Old Fields 13059 Historic V iduta/ Hotel Monte Sano 13160 Monte Sano Female Seminary 13461 Monte Sano Elementary School 13662 Schrimsher Farm / 138

Sunrise Terrace Subdivision63 Monte Sano 13964 Burritt Museum 14065 Shiloh United Methodist Church 14266 Wildwood-Virginia Clay Clopton Home 14467 Town o f Gurley 14668 Site o f First Baptist Church in Alabama 148

125

Hermes Guided Missile

HERMES GUIDED MISSILE

First American-made guided missile put on public dis­play. First showing was

May 14, 1953 at Huntsville, home o f the world's largest rocket and guided missile research and development center, Redstone Arsenal.

ER E CT ED B Y H U N TSV ILLE C H A M B E R OF C O M M E R C E 1956

This Huntsville Chamber o f Commerce marker was sponsored by the Cham ber and dedicated in 1956. It is located at the southwest com er o f Memorial Parkway and Airport Road in Huntsville, Alabama. Reference 95 provides additional details o f the Hermes Guided Missile and other missile development programs at Redstone Arsenal.

126

Hermes Guided Missile Historical Marker

Hermes Missile (ca. 1956)

Hermes Missile on Display (ca. 1953)

127

(57) Site of Ditto’s Landing and Town of Whitesburg

SITE OF DITTO'S LANDING AND

TOW N OF W HITESBURG

In 1807 pioneer James Ditto began operating a ferry with landings on both sides o f the

Tennessee River. Early settlers landed here in order to reach their lands in Madison County.

James White, Salt King o f Abingdon, Va., established a thriving port at this location,

incorporated as Whitesburg on Dec. 23, 1824.

Throughout the 19th century this port remained an important cotton shipping center.

With the advent of railroads water transportation declined and the town soon

disappeared. Its post office closed in 1905.

A LA B A M A H IST O R IC A L A SSO C IA T IO N 1985

Standing at the corner o f Boat Docks Road and W. Eugene Morgan Road (in front o f the Ditto Landing Kingston Pavilion), this Alabama Historical Association marker commemorates the establishment o f D itto’s Landing and the Town o f Whitesburg. The marker was dedicated on October 20, 1985. References 1, 10, 18, 26, 27, 41, 46, 71, 73, and 90 contain additional information on this area.

128

Ditto’s Landing

Ditto’s Landing Historical Marker

Ditto’s Landing (1996)

129

Chickasaw Old Fields

This place has been known by three names:

CH ICKA SAW OLD FIELDS 1769

Cherokee Indians attacked Chickasaws who were invading their lands.

After severe battle Chickasaws withdrew.

DITTO'S LANDING Early boat landing on Tennessee River

established by John Ditto, Indian trader.

TOW N OF W HITESBURG Old river port, incorporated 1824,

by James W hite, Abingdon, Va., "Salt King."

A L A B A M A H ISTO RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 1961

The Madison County Commission sponsored this Alabama Historical Association marker at the site o f Chickasaw Old Fields. The marker, formerly located on the west side o f Highway 231 ju s t north o f the Tennessee River, was dedicated on September 24, 1961. The marker disappeared sometime after its erection, and has never been replaced. More details o f this river port can be found in References 10, 59, 71, 87, and 90.

130

Historic Viduta / Hotel Monte Sano

HISTORIC VIDUTA

"Viduta" - derived from Spanish "vida" meaning "life"

In a time when yellow fever, malaria, and cholera threatened, Dr. Thomas Fearn and his brothers Robert and George were drawn by the cool a ir

and medicinal springs to establish a small colony on the northern section o f Monte Sano Mountain

in 1827. In 1833 the town o f Viduta was officially established. The area contains a variety o f

architectural styles, dating from the late 1800’s. Approximate boundaries: Lookout Drive (N);

Denison Avenue (S); Monte Sano Boulevard (W); and Shelby Avenue (E).

Listed on the Alabama Register o f Landmarks and Heritage, March 8, 1994.

_______________ A LA B A M A H ISTO RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 1997_______________

The City o f Huntsville and the Monte Sano Historical Association co­sponsored this Alabama Historical Association marker which was dedicated on April 19, 1998. The Historic Viduta / Hotel Monte Sano marker is located at the southwest com er o f Monte Sano Boulevard and Old Chimney Road/Nolen Avenue in Huntsville, Alabama. More information regarding the early settlement o f Monte Sano can be found in References 7, 8, 17, 20, 24, 63, 71, 87, 89, and 95.

131

(59) Historic Viduta /Hotel Monte Sano

HOTEL MONTE SANO

"Monte Sano" - Spanish for "Mountain o f Health"

In 1887 the North Alabama Improvement Company, with the assistance o f Michael and James

O'Shaughnessy, built a 233-room hotel on Monte Sano Mountain. The hotel served as a health

resort and haven for industrial giants including the Vanderbilts and Astors. Guests arrived via

the Monte Sano Railway which ran up the mountain. The hotel ceased operations in 1900 and was later purchased by the Garth family for their

summer residence. It was demolished for salvage in 1944. All that remains o f the hotel is the

brick chimney on Old Chimney Road.

A LA B A M A HISTO RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 1997

Historic Viduta / Hotel Monte Sano Historical Marker

(Front)

Historic Viduta / Hotel Monte Sano Historical Marker

(Back)

132

Hotel Monte Sano

Hotel Monte Sano

Hotel Monte Sano Brick Chim ney Remains (1997)

Hotel Monte Sano Dining Room (1890)

133

(60) Monte Sano Female Seminary

Monte Sano Female Seminary founded by

The Rev. and Mrs. James Rowe opened February, 1830 closed December, 1833

Course o f Instruction included "English, Classical, Scientific, and Ornamental

branches o f Education usually bestowed upon young ladies in such institutions."

The Rev. James Rowe was minister, Huntsville Station,Methodist Church

1827 & 1829

THIS M A R K E R SPO N SO RE D BY W .P. D ILW O R TH , SR. 1957

W.P. Dilworth, Sr. sponsored this Huntsville Historical Society m arker at the site o f the Monte Sano Female Seminary. The marker was originally dedicated on September 22, 1957, but was later removed from the site and assumed lost for many years. After the m arker was rediscovered, it was erected at the northwest com er o f Lookout Drive and Feam Street in Huntsville, Alabama. A rededication ceremony was held with the Monte Sano Historical Association on April 19, 1998. References 8, 10, 24, 25, and 90 reveal additional information about the seminary and its founders.

134

Rev. James Rowe (1797-1868)

Monte Sano Female Seminary Historical Marker Rededication (1998)

Jane Barr, President o f Monte Sano Historical Association & Mildred Rowe Sanders,

Descendent o f Rev. & Mrs. James Rowe

135

(61) Monte Sano Elementary School

MONTE SANO ELEM ENTARY SCHOOL

From a small self-contained 1800s rural comm unity Monte Sano ballooned with the Space Age. By 1958

there were approximately 100 families connected with the Space Program living on Monte Sano. Many were von Braun Rocket Team Members. The school was founded in September, 1959. Constructed as a flat-roofed building with six

rooms, kitchen and office. Gable-roofed in 1989. The school became the central core of education

and community life.A prime example o f Modern/Usonian architecture.

Listed on the Alabama Register o f Landmarks and Heritage. January 19, 1999.

D O N A TED BY FR IE N D S OF M O N T E SA N O 1999

This Monte Sano Elementary School marker was sponsored by the Monte Sano Elementary School PTA and the Monte Sano Historical Association. The marker, located in front o f the school at 1107 Monte Sano Boulevard, Huntsville, Alabama, was dedicated on April 30, 1999. Additional information regarding the school can be found in References 7, 8, and 24.

136

Monte Sano Elementary School Historical Marker

Monte Sano Elementary School (1970)

Monte Sano Elementary School (2001)

137

(62) Schrimsher Farm /Sunrise Terrace Subdivision

SCHRIM SHER FARMSUNRISE TERRACE SUBDIVISION

Caroline (Cherokee) & W illiam (Scotch-Irish) Schrimsher first o f four generations to farm this 36 acres from 1880-1939. After W orld W ar II

W ernher von Braun's team o f scientists were brought from Germany to Ft. Bliss, Texas and then to Huntsville, Alabama. Their mission: satellites

to orbit the Earth and the Saturn rocket to send m an to the moon. 1950 a consortium o f von Braun's team purchased the Farm and it

became Sunrise Terrace Subdivision.

Prime examples: Contemporary Ranch Style 3518 - 4321 Panorama Dr. 3605, 09, 11 Skyview Dr.

Listed on the Alabama Register o f Landmarks And Heritage, May 19, 1998.

M ON TE SA N O H IST O R IC A L A S S O C IA T IO N 19'

This Monte Sano Historical Association marker was dedicated on Nov. 22, 1998. The marker is located at the intersection o f Panorama Drive and Skyview Drive in Huntsville, Alabama. Information pertaining to the Schrimsher Farm and the later settlement o f German scientists can be found in References 7 and 8.

138

(63) Monte Sano

MONTE SANOMOUNTAIN OF

HEALTH RECREATION RESIDENCE DEVELOPED 1925 BY

D.C. M ONROE, FOUNDER HERBERT JOHNSON M.M HUTCHENS S.S. THOM PSON IRA M. TERRY

W.P. DILWORTH

Monte Sano Historical Marker

This marker is located at the intersection o f Monte Sano Boulevard and Panorama Drive in Huntsville, Alabama. Information pertaining to the development o f Monte Sano can be found in References 7, 8, 17, 18, 20, 25, and 46.

139

(64) Burritt Museum

BURRITT MUSEUM

Situated on 167 acres o f some o f the most scenic land in North Alabama, the museum and its grounds contain items o f local and national interest.

Thi s property was wiII ed to the City o f Huntsville in 1955 by

Dr. William Henry Burritt (1869-1955), physician and philanthropist.

Open to the public.

The Huntsville Historical Society (HHS) sponsored this HHS marker which was erected at the corner o f Monte Sano Boulevard and Burritt Drive in Huntsville, Alabama. The marker was refurbished in 2000. The Burritt Museum and grounds are open to the public. References 25, 87, and 95 contain additional information regarding Dr. Burritt and his home.

140

Burritt Museum Historical Marker

Burritt Museum

Burritt Museum (1994)

141

(65) Shiloh United Methodist Church

SHILOH UNITED METHODIST CHURCH

Organized 1808

In October, 1808, the Western Conference o f the Methodist Episcopal Church sent James Gwinn, a circuit rider, to the "great bend" o f

the Tennessee River to formalize existing Methodist Societies. He organized the Flint Circuit to serve frontier settlers in southern

Tennessee and Madison County, Mississippi Territory. The first meetings o f the Shiloh Methodist Episcopal Church were held in

a private home. In late 1819 legislation was enacted which permitted churches to own land and, in 1820, a one-half-acre plot o f land

known as Shiloh was purchased. An adjoining one-acre plot was added in 1876 to construct a new church. That building burned

in the mid 1890's. Its replacement was destroyed by fire in 1931. The present edifice was then constructed. Shiloh remained as a

circuit charge until late 1953, when it began full-time worship services with B.M. McElroy as pastor. Shiloh provided a school

for the community until 1917.

A LA B A M A H ISTO RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 1998

This Alabama Historical Association marker was sponsored by the Shiloh United Methodist Church and dedicated on March 14, 1999. The m arker is located on the south side o f Ryland Pike and west o f Dug Hill Road in the Ryland community. Information pertaining to the church can be found in References 47, 58, and 94.

142

Shiloh United Methodist Church (ca. 1950’s)

Shiloh United Methodist Church (2001)

Shiloh United Methodist Church Historical Marker Dedication (1999)

Greg M iller & R.D. Cole, Church History Committee Members

143

(66) Wildwood Virginia Clay Clopton Home

"WILDWOOD"

Home o f Virginia Clay Clopton (1825-1915) Author and Social Leader who was known

in Washington society as "The Belle o f the Fifties"

Whose first husband,Clement Claiborne Clay (1817-1882), was

United States Senator from Alabam a (1853-1861) and Confederate Leader (1861 -1865)

andWhose second husband, David Clopton (1820-1892),

was a United States Congressman from Alabama (1859-1861) and later Associate Justice

o f the Supreme Court o f Alabama

SPO N SO R E D BY THE VIRGINIA C L A Y C LO PT O N C H A PTE R, UDC 1958

This Huntsville Historical Society marker was sponsored by the Virginia Clay Clopton Chapter o f the United Daughters o f the Confederacy. It was dedicated on September 10, 1958, and is located in front o f the home on the south side o f Highway 72 at the Madison/Jackson County Line in Gurley, Alabama. References 17, 20, 21, 26, 41, 63, 64, 73, 81, and 92 give additional information regarding the life o f Mrs. Clay Clopton.

144

Virginia Clay Clopton (1825-1915)Wildwood

Historical Marker

W ildwood (1994)

145

(67) Town of Gurley

TOW N OF GURLEY

Located on land owned by John Gurley, pioneer settler, and named for him. His son,

Capt. Frank B. Gurley, became a Confederate hero as a m em ber o f 4th Ala. Cavalry.

The settlement that developed around the water tank on M emphis and Charleston R.R.

was known as Gurley's Tank.Post office established in 1866 as Gurleysville

and town incorporated as Gurley in 1891. Madison County High School located here

in 1907.Last hometown o f Senator and Mrs. C.C. Clay, Jr.

A LA B A M A H ISTO RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 1986

The Madison County Commission sponsored this Alabama Historical Association marker in 1986. It is located at the northeast com er o f Highway 72 and Gurley Pike (Third Street) in Gurley, Alabama. Additional information on the Town o f Gurley and its founders can be discovered in References 70, 71, 73, 74, and 90.

146

1891 Gurley United M ethodist Church (2001)

1897 Smith-Given Home (1997)

Town o f Gurley Historical Marker

147

(68) First Baptist Church in Alabama

CO M M EM ORATING THE FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH IN ALABAM A

FOUNDED OCT. 2, 1808 3 MILES NORTH

First Baptist Church in Alabama Historical Marker

This stone and mortar monument was erected to comm emorate the establishment o f the first Baptist Church in Alabama. The m onum ent is located on the north side o f Highway 72, 2 1/2 miles west o f the Gurley city limits. References 29, 58, 70, and 74 contain information o f this church’s early history.

148

Western Madison County(Including West Huntsville & Redstone Arsenal)

Marker # Marker Page #69 Oakwood College 15070 Ford’s Chapel United Methodist Church 15271 City o f Madison 15472 Bibb Cemetery 15673 Triana 15774 Merrimack Mfg. Co. & Village/

Joseph J. Bradley School158

75 Redstone Test Stand 16176 Propulsion and Structural Test Facility 16377 Neutral Buoyancy Space Simulator 16478 Saturn V Dynamic Test Stand 16579 Saturn V Launch Vehicle 166

149

(69) Oakwood College

OA KW O OD COLLEGE Founded in 1896

Oakw ood College, which began as an industrial school, was founded by the Seventh-day Adventist Church in 1896 to educate African

Americans in the South. The school was erected on 380 acres purchased during the previous year for $6,700. Additional property secured in 1918 nearly tripled its land holdings. The school under­

went several name changes over its history:1896: O akwood Industrial School 1917: Oakwood Junior C ollege1904: Oakwood Manual Training School 1943: Oakwood C ollege

In 1958, Oakwood was granted full accreditation by the Southern Association o f Colleges and Schools. Oakwood prepares students from

across America and many nations to serve the world in a variety o f positions and careers, reflecting its motto, "Today's College for

Tomorrow's Leaders!"On this site, too, stood the Peter Blow Plantation which counted Dred

Scott among its slaves in 1819. In 1857, Scott captured national attention by virtue o f his appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court for

his freedom in Missouri after sojourning in the free state of Illinois.

A LA B A M A H ISTO RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 1996

The City o f Huntsville sponsored this Alabama Historical Association marker on the occasion o f Oakwood College’s 100th anniversary. The marker, dedicated on April 7, 1996, is located in the median at the intersection o f Sparkman Drive and Adventist Drive in Huntsville, Alabama. References 41, 87, and 95 give m ore details o f the institution’s history.

150

Old Mansion

J.L. Moran Hall

Oakw ood College Historical Marker Dedication (1996)

Minneola L. Dixon, Oakwood Archivist; Dr. Benjamin F. Reaves,

Oakw ood College President; & Richard Showers,

Huntsville City Councilman

East Hall (1997)

151

(70) Ford’s Chapel United Methodist Church

FORD'S CHAPEL UNITED M ETHODIST CHURCH

(organized 1808)

The Western Conference, Oct. 1-7, 1808 in Williamson County, Tenn., sent James Gwinn to

the "great bend" o f the Tenn. River.Gwinn organized at the home o f Richard and

Betsy Ford, the first Methodist Society o f the six in the Flint Circuit. This circuit, among

others, was served for m any years by circuit riders. First building was started in 1815.

Building and 2 1/2 acres o f land deeded to church trustees in 1824 by the Fords. Present sanctuary, begun in 1870 on original

foundation, has undergone several renovations and m inor alterations.

A LA B A M A H IST O RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 1979

This Alabama Historical Association marker was dedicated on September 16, 1979, at 208 Ford’s Chapel Road in Harvest, Alabama. Additional details o f Ford’s Chapel United Methodist Church history can be found in References 47, 58, and 94.

152

Ford’s Chapel United Methodist Church Historical Marker

Ford’s Chapel United Methodist Church (1994)

153

City of Madison

Established in 1856 as a shipping station on the Memphis and Charleston R.R., the town was platted on land owned by Jam es Clemens and incorporated

by vote of its citizens in 1869.First officials included William R. Johnston, mayor,

and five aldermen, William B. Dunn, first depot agent; Thomas J. Clay, first postmaster; George W. Martin, first merchant; James H. Bibb, planter, and

Dr. George R. Sullivan.The community remained small until the growth o f industries associated with Redstone Arsenal and the Jetport in the 1950's and 1960's trans­

formed Madison into a thriving city.

H ISTO RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 1989

City o f Madison Historical Marker & R oundhouse (1994)

Sponsored by the Madison County Commission and the Madison Station Historical Society, this Alabama Historical Association marker was dedicated on October 15, 1989. It is located at the southwest corner o f Church Street and Front Street in Madison, Alabama. References 41, 48, 64, 71, 73, and 90 reveal other facts relating to Madison’s history.

154

Madison Post Office

Little Roundhouse

Downtown Madison

Madison City Hall (1994) Bank o f Madison155

© Bibb Cemetery

IN M EM ORY OF JAM ES HENRY BIBB

ONE OF THE FOUNDING FATHERS OF M ADISON STATION IN NOVEM BER 1869.

ERECTED BY HIS GRANDSON JAM ES MONROE BIBB AND THE

M ADISON STATION HISTORICAL SOCIETY IN 1985.

Bibb Cemetery Historical Marker

Bibb Cemetery (1995)

A plaque inset in stone stands at the northwest corner o f Mill Road and Bibb Drive in Madison, Alabama. It was erected in front o f Bibb Cemetery by the Madison Station Historical Society in 1985. References 42 and 72 contain more details on the cemetery and its namesake.

156

Triana

TRIANA

6 m i . south Incorporated November 13, 1819

Located on the Tennessee River at the southern terminus o f Indian

Creek Canal. Triana was a thriving port through which cotton and other produce o f Madison County moved

to market, prior to establishment o f railroads in North Alabama.In 1819, designated one o f first

six voting precincts in the county.

A LA B A M A H IST O RICA L A S S O C IA T IO N 1967

@

Tennessee River at Triana (1995)

The original marker for this site was placed on the south side o f Highway 20 near the Madison/Limestone County line. The marker was dedicated on September 19, 1967, but it soon disappeared. A replacement marker, sponsored by the Madison County Commission, was erected in 1972, but was again reported missing in November, 1976. References 10, 26, 71, 73, 87, and 90 reveal additional facts concerning the history o f Triana.

157

(74) Merrimack Mfg. Co. & Village / Joseph J. Bradley School

M ERRIM ACK MFG. CO. & VILLAGE 1900-1992

In 1899, construction started on Merrimack Mill and village. The mill began operation in 1900. A second mill building, added in 1903, m ade it

one o f the largest in the South. Under Joseph J. Bradley, Sr., m anaging agent (1905-1922), the village grew to 279 houses, a hospital, school, company store, and other small businesses. In

1920, the steam-operated mills converted to electricity. Lowenstein Fabrics bought the mill (1946), changed its name to Huntsville Mfg. Co.,

and the village became Huntsville Park. The mill continued to operate until 1989 and, in

1992, Huntsville's last operating textile mill was torn down.

(Continued on other side)

A LA B A M A H IST O RICA L A SSO C IA T IO N 1995

Sponsored by the City o f Huntsville and the Joe Bradley Alumni Association, this Alabama Historical Association marker was dedicated on Novem ber 19, 1995 at 3405 Triana Boulevard (in front o f Phase IV Systems), Huntsville, Alabama. References 17, 24, 28, 51, 52, 53, 83, 87, and 95 contain additional details o f the Merrimack Manufacturing Company and Joe Bradley School.

158

(74) Merrimack Mfg. Co. & Village / Joseph J. Bradley School

JOSEPH J. BRADLEY SCHOOL 1919-1967

(Continued from other side)

The School, nam ed for Joseph J. Bradley, Sr., was bui It i n 1919 on the site o f the fi rst mill - sponsored school. Under the leadership o f

Edward Foyl DuBose, Principal (1921-1967), and with the mill's financial support, the school grew

from 6 grades to 12 and served as a social and recreational center for the entire community. In

1951, the mi 11 owners made a gi ft o f the school to the county school system and, in 1956, it be­

came part of the city school system. The elem en­tary school continued operating until it was

closed in 1967.

ALABAMA HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION 1995

Dedication Cerem ony (1995) W oodrow Dunn, Mill Superintendent & E.F. Dubose, Bradley School Principal

Joseph J. Bradley School Historical Marker

159

Merrimack Mill Village (1927)

Merrimack Mill (1948)

Joe Bradley School

160

(75) Redstone Test Stand

RED STO N E TEST STAND (M ARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CENTER)

HAS BEEN DESIGNATED A

N ATIONAL HISTORIC LANDM ARK

THIS SITE POSSESSES NATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE IN COMMEMORATING THE HISTORY OF THE

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

1985NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

A L A BA M A HISTORIC CIVIL ENGINEERING LA NDM A RK

AM ERICAN SOCIETY OF

CIVIL ENGINEERS FOUNDED

1852

REDSTO NE TEST STAND

DESIGNATED BY THE A LA BA M A SECTION 1979

Sponsored by NA SA M SFC and the Alabama Section o f the American Society o f Civil Engineers, these plaques inset in stone are located at the Redstone Test Stand on the west side o f Dodd Road, 1 mile south o f Martin Road, on Redstone Arsenal, Alabama. The site is not accessible to the general public.

161

Redstone Test Stand (1992)

The Redstone Test Stand was used during the 1950’s in early development o f the Redstone missile propulsion system. This was the test stand where the modified Redstone missile that launched the first American into space, Alan Shepard, was static tested as the last step before the flight occurred. References 2 (No. 48, 49) and 96 give additional information about the testing o f rockets and missiles at Redstone Arsenal.

162

(76) Propulsion and Structural Test Facility

PROPULSION AND STRUCTURAL TEST FACILTY

(M ARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CENTER)HAS BEEN DESIGNATED A

NATIONAL HISTORIC LA NDM ARK

THIS SITE POSSESSES NATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE IN COMMEMORATING THE HISTORY OF THE

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

1985NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Propulsion & Structural Test Facility (1961)

Sponsored by NASA MSFC, this plaque is located at the Propulsion and Structural Test Facility on Redstone Arsenal, Alabama. The site is not accessible to the general public. The Propulsion and Structural Test Facility, developed in support o f Jupiter missile development, was modified and used for testing on the first clustered engine stage in the American space program, the S- IB stage o f the Saturn I launch vehicle. It was also used as the primary test stand for the development o f the F-I engine, the largest liquid rocket engine ever developed. References 2 (No. 48, 49) and 96 give additional information about the testing o f rockets and missiles at Redstone A rsenal.

163

(77) Neutral Buoyancy Space SimulatorNEUTRAL BUOYANCY

SPACE SIMULATORHAS BEEN DESIGNATED A

NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK

THIS SITE POSSESSES NATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE IN COMMEMORATING THE HISTORY OF THE

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

1986NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Neutral Buoyancy Simulator

Sponsored by NASA MSFC, this plaque is located at the Neutral Buoyancy Space Simulator on Redstone Arsenal, Alabama. The site is not accessible to the general public. The Neutral Buoyancy Space Simulator was designed to provide a simulated weightless environment needed to perform engineering tests in preparation for space missions. The 1.3 million gallon tank, in use from 1969 until 1997, was used to evaluate techniques for rescuing Skylab, testing the Hubble Space Telescope, and assembling the International Space Station. References 2 (No. 48, 49) and 96 give additional information about training in preparation for space exploration.

164

(78) Saturn V Dynamic Test Stand

SATURN V DYNAM IC TEST STAND (M ARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CENTER)

HAS BEEN DESIGNATED A

NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDM ARK

THIS SITE POSSESSES NATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE IN COMMEMORATING THE HISTORY OF THE

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

1985NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Saturn V Dynamic Test Stand

Sponsored by NASA MSFC, this plaque is located at the Saturn V Dynamic Test Stand on Redstone Arsenal, Alabama. The site is not accessible to the general public. The Saturn V Dynamic Test Stand was used in 1966-67 for ground vibration testing o f the Saturn V launch vehicle and the Apollo spacecraft. Completion o f this program was the final step prior to the launch o f Apollo 11 - the first manned lunar landing mission. In 1972-73 the stand was used for tests involving the Skylab space station, and in 1978-79 for ground vibration testing o f the complete Space Shuttle vehicle. References 2 (No. 48, 49) and 96 give additional information about the testing o f rockets and missiles at Redstone Arsenal.

165

Saturn V Launch VehicleSATURN V LAUNCH VEHICLE

HAS BEEN DESIGNATED A

NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDM ARK

THIS SITE POSSESSES NATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE IN COMMEMORATING THE HISTORY OF THE

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

1984NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Saturn V on Display at the U.S. Space and Rocket Center (1988)

Sponsored by NASA MSFC, this plaque is located at the Saturn V display a t the U.S. Space and Rocket Center in Huntsville, Alabama. The Saturn V on display is the actual test rocket that was used in dynamic testing o f the Saturn facilities at Marshall. The stages o f the rocket were used to check out all the Saturn facilities at Huntsville. Although the rocket was not intended to be flown, it was a working vehicle that prepared the way for the Apollo expeditions to the Moon. This Saturn V was delivered to the U.S. Space and Rocket Center in 1969 after all three stages were taken from the Dynamic Test Stand. References 2 (No. 48, 49), 25, 95, and 96 give additional information about Huntsville’s role in the U.S. Space Program.

166

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170

INDEX

- A -Aberdeen Proving Ground 88Abingdon Mill 28Abingdon, V irginia 128,130Academ y for Science and

Foreign Language 102Acme C lub 1,26,38African A m ericans 67,74,100,150Agee, Rucker 1Alabama 3,4,14,16,18,20,2 2,24,26,28,

30,33,3 6,38,40,41,42,44,46, 48,50,5 2,54,57,60,62,64,66, 67,68,69,70,72,74,76,80,82,

85,86,88,90,92,94,96,98,100, 104,106,108,110,112,115,116, 117,118,119,120,122,126,131, 136,138,139,140,144,146,148, 150,152,154,156,157,158,161,

163,164,165,166Alabama A&M University ii,74,98,99,

122,123,124Alabama A&M University iv,8,103,

M arker 122,123,124Alabama Agricultural and

Mec han ica 1 Co liege 99,123Alabama Baptist State Convention Alabama Cavalry Brigade 107Alabama Departm ent o f

Economic and Comm unity A ffairs 57Alabama H istoric Civil Engineering

Landmark 161Alabama Historical 1,2,14,16,18,20,22,

A ssociation 24,25,26,28,30,31,33,34,36,40,41,42,44,48, 50,52,54,55,57,58,60, 64,67,68,69,70,72,74, 76,77,80,82,83,85,92,

94,98,99,100,101,106, 107,108,110,112,113, 116,117,118,119,120, 121,122,123,128,130, 131,132,142,146,150, 152,154,157,158,159

A labama Historical Comm ission 62,115A labama Legislature 60A labama Register o f Landmarks

and H eritage 115,131,136,138A labama Society o f Professional

Land Surveyors 117A labama Statehood 66A labama Statehood M arker iii,7,61,66A labama Territory 3,4,60,64A labam a’s First

Constitutional Convention 64,65,119A ldridge’s Creek 3A lverson, Bob 121American Society o f C ivil Engineers 161A nderson, Edw ard A . 28Andrew Jackson

Encam pm ent M arker iii,7,13,38Andrews, Laurie Pritchard iiAnnie M erts Center 7,42Apollo Spacecraft 165,166Askins, M artha Powell 25Astors 132Ath ens, A la bam a 107

- B -B’nai Sholom 18Bailey, Ernest 27Ban k o f Madi son 155

Bankhead, Tallulah 57,58,59Baptist 76,77,120Barnes, Tim iiBarr, Jane 135Barrell, William Lincoln 28Battle o f H orseshoe Bend 1,38,44Bell Factory 104,105Betts, M.C. 50Bibb Cemetery 156 Bibb Cemetery Marker iv,9,149,156Bibb Chapel 55Bibb, Jam es Henry 154,156Bibb, Jam es M onroe 156Bibb, Thom as 41Bibb, William Wyatt 4Bibb, W ilson Carey 55Bibb-Hutchens Home 43 Big Spring 3,4,88,90,91Big Spring Lagoon iiBig Spring Park 92,94Binford, Henry C. 83,101Bing ham , H ersh el 27Birm ingham Black Barons 34 Birthplace o f G eneral John

Hunt M organ M arker iii,7,61,70,71Bishop o f A tlanta 55Blackburn, Rev. Gideon 48Bla ke, Ben jam in W . 100Blow, Peter 150Bone-G entle Home 37Bradford, Dr. Henry 102Bradford, H.C. 50Bradley, Joseph J. Sr. 158,159Brahan, John 58,100 Branch o f the State Bank

o f Huntsville 86Brandon, Daniel S. 83,101Brandon, David 83Brock, Dr. Tim 121Browne, Maime G. iiBrowns boro, A labam a 3Buckhorn High School 106Buckhorn Tavern 106,107 Buckhorn Tavern / Buckhorn Tavern

Skirmish M arker iv,8,103,106,107Buckhorn Tavern Event Com m ittee 106Buckhorn Tavern Skirmish 106,107Burritt M useum 140,141 Burritt M useum Marker iv,9,125,140,141Burritt, Dr. W illiam Henry 140Burwell, Doris iiBurwell, Jackson Parker ii

- C -Cabaniss Cotton Spinning Factory 118Cabani ss, Charles 118Cahaba, A labama 4Calhoun House 52,53 Calhoun House M arker iii,7,39,52,53Canterbury, John 76,120Carnegie Library 94Carolinas 3Catholics 20Chambers, Mary ii,83Chapman, Reuben 41Chase, Henry B. 1Chattanooga, Tennessee 18 Cherokee Indians 3,14,106,130Chickasaw Indians 3,14,130Chickasaw O ld Fields 3,130 Chickasaw O ld Fields M arker iv,9,125,130

Christmas 54 Church o f the Nativity,

Episcopal 54,55,56,82 Church o f the Nativity,

Episcopal Marker iii,7,39,54,55,56 Church Street C.P.

Church o f America 102City o f Huntsville M arker iv,8,79,94,95City o f Madison M arker iv,9,149,154,155 Civil W ar 20,44,80,100,106Civil Works Administration 26Claiborne, Rev. Randolph R. Jr. 55Classical Revival 44Clay, Clement Claiborne 144,146Clay, Clement Comer 41,64Clay, Thomas J. 154Clemons, James 154Clop ton, David 144Clopton, V irginia Clay 144,145,146Cochran, J.W. 109Coffee, John 4,106Cole, R.D. 143 Colored Normal School

at Huntsville 99,123Confederacy 5,70Confederate States o f A m erica 52,80Conley, O llye B. ii, 102Constitution Village 64,65,66Cons titutional Convention 4,64,65Convention o f the D iocese o f A labam a 54Cook, Herny 92Cooper, Mrs. Joe Sr. 1Cooper, Thomas 83Councill A lum ni 74Councill High School 74,75Councill, W illiam Hooper 74,75,98,122Courthouse 14,15Creek Indian W ar 106Cri ner Tom bstone 114Criner, Isaac 3,113,114Criner, Joseph 3Cumberland Presbyterian 110,112Cumm ings Research Park 6

- D -Dallas / Optim ist Park

Marker iii,7,13,33,34,35Dallas M anufacturing Co. 33Dallas M ills 30,32,33,34,35 Dallas M ills and V illage /

Rison School Marker iii,7,13,30,31,32Dallas Park 33,34,35Dallas V illage 30,31,32Dallas, T.B. 30Darwin, W.W. 100Daughters o f the American Revolution 66Daughters o f the American Colonists 90,104Davis, Samuel 112,113Davis-Lowe Family 74DeBerry, Dulcina 83Deposit Road 106Depot 80,81Dickson, W illiam 3Dilworth, W.P. Sr. 134,139Diocese o f Alabama 55Ditto, James o r John 3,128,130Ditto’s Landing 3,128,129,130Dixon, M inneola L. ii, 15 1Doris Burwell Foundation ii Dr. Wernher Von Braun

Marker iv,8,79,96,97

171

Dubose, Edward Foy l 159Dudley, H enry 54Dunn, William B. 154Dunn, W oodrow 159

- E -East Clinton PTA 24,25East Clinton School 24,25East Hall 151Easter 54Echols, Rev. Howell 82Enon Baptist Church 76,120,121Erskine Home 69Ewing, Stephen S. 92

-F-Fain, Cecil 31,33Fanning, William L. 106Fayetteville, Tennessee 38Fearn, G eoige 131Fearn, Robert 131Fearn, Thomas 92,131Ferguson, H ill 1First A labama Bank 87 First Bank in Alabama -

Planters and M erchants Bank 85 First Bank in Alabama - Planters

and M erchants Bank Marker iv,8,79,85First Baptist Church 76,77,7 8,120First Baptist Church in Alabama 148 First Baptist Church in Alabama

M arker iv,9,125,148 First Baptist Church

M arker iii,8,61,76,77,78First National Bank o f H untsville 86,86 First National Bank o f H untsville

M arker iv,8,79,86,87First Presbyterian Church 48,49 First Presbyterian Church

M arker iii,7,39,48,49First United M ethodist Church ii,16,17 First United M ethodist Church

M arker iii,7,13,16,17Fisk, A labama 8,118Fisk, Sarah H uff 1Flint Circuit 16,142,152Flint River 4,104,118Flint River Baptist A ssociation 76,120Ford, Betsy 152Ford, Richard 152 Ford’s Chapel United M ethodist

Church 152,153 Ford’s Chapel United M ethodist

Church Marker iv ,9,149,152,153Fort Deposit, A labam a 106Frank, Coach Milton 26Freeman, Thomas 117Ft. Bliss, Texas 5,138

- G -G.W . Jones & Sons iiGadsden High 26Garth Family 132Gaston, Rev. W.E. 74,101 G eorge C. M arshall Space Flight

C enter ii,5,96,161,163,164,165,166G eorgia 3Georgia Graveyard 67,72,100Germany 138G ilbreath, A lexander 3Gillespie, M ike 2G illiam , Catherine Kelly ii, 1 Glenwood Cemetery ii,67,100,101,102

Glenwood CemeteryM arker iv,8,79,100,101,102

Gol dsm ith, Annie Schiff ma n 26Goldsmith, Betty Bernstein 26Goldsmith, Lawrence B. 26Goldsmith, Margaret Anne 27,58Goldsmith, Oscar 26Goldsmith-SchifFman Field 26,27 Gol dsm ith-Sch iff man Field

M arker iii,7,13,26,2 7Gothic Revival 54Gowan, Mrs. J.S. 25Graveyard Hill 112Great Bend 3Great Depress ion 5Green Academ y 24,2 5Greeneville, Tennessee 70Groom, Faye iiGunter’s Landin g 106 Gurley, A labam a 9,144,146,147,148Gurley United M ethodist Church 147Gurley, Capt. Frank 116,146Gurley, John 146G urley’s Tank 146G urleysvilie, A labama 146Gwinn, James 142,152

- H -Hall, N an ii,51Harris, Bartley 72Harris, W illiam 72Harrison Brothers Hardware 62,63Harrison Brothers Hardware

M arker iii,7,61,62,63Harrison, Daniel T. 62Harrison, James B. 62Harvest, Alabama 9,152Harvest Cultural Festival 83Hayter, William 108Hazard, Samuel 92Hazel Green, A labam a 3,8,118Helion Lodge No. 1 46,47Helion Lodge No. 1 Marker iii,7,39,46,47Hendley, Charles Jr. 83,101Hend ley, Nelson 83Henry, Jeanne Hand iiHermes G uided M issile 126,127Hermes G uided Missile

M arker iv,9,125,126,127Hickory Flat 3Hill, James B. Jr. iiHinkle, David 121Historic Huntsville Foundation 62Historic Viduta / Hotel M onte Sano

M arker iv,9,125,131,132,133Hotel M onte Sano 131,132,133Howard Weeden Home 50,51Howard Weeden Home

M arker iii,7,39,50,51Hubble Space Telescope 164Hunt, John 3,4,90Hunt, R.H. 18Hunt’s Spring 3,16Hunt-Stock ton Home 71Huntsville, A labam a ii,iii,iv,l ,2,3,4,5,6,7,

8,9,10,1 1,13,14,16,18, 20,22,24,26,28,30,33,36, 38,39,40,42,44,46,48,50, 52,54,57,58,60,61,62,64, 65,66,67,68,69,70,72,74, 76,77,79,80,82,85,86,88,

90,92,94,95,96,98,100, 103, 107,120,122,126,131, 134,

136,138,139,140,150,158,166

Huntsville Academ y 53Huntsville A frican Baptist 72Huntsvilie A rsena 1 5Huntsville Boosters 34Huntsville Cham ber o f Com m erce 126Huntsville C ity Comm issioners 67Huntsville C ity Hall 95Huntsville C ity Map 10,1 1Huntsville C ity School System 26Huntsville Dr. Peppers 33Huntsville Federal Land O ffice 85Huntsville Female College 22,23Huntsville G azette 101Huntsville High Crim son Panthers 27Huntsville High School 26,27 Huntsville H istorical Society

1,14,22,46,70,86,94,134,140,144Huntsville H ospital 67,100Huntsville Inn 60Huntsville M anufacturing Company 158Huntsville M eridian 117Huntsville M unicipal Complex 95Huntsville Park 158Huntsville Passenger Depot ii,80,81 Huntsville Passenger Depot

M arker iv,8,79,80,81Huntsville Round House 81Huntsville Slave Cem etery 67 Huntsville State Colored Normal

and Industrial School 99,123Huntsville Station M ethodist Church 134 Huntsville-M adison County

Cham ber o f Comm erce 6,94 Huntsville-M adison County Historical

Society i,ii, 1,2,14,2 2,27,83,121Huntsville-M adison County

Public Library ii,2,94Hutchens, M.M. 139

-1 -

I. Schiffm an Building ii,57,58,59Illinois 150Indian Creek 3,4Indian Creek Canal 492,94,157 Indian Creek Canal Marker iv,8,79,92,93 Indian Creek Prim itive Baptist

Association 72Initial Survey Point 117 Initial Survey Point Marker iv,8,103,117International Space Station 164

- J -Jackson County, A labama 9,144 Jac kson, An drew 1,3 8,44,106James, Frank 52Jaques, Bob iiJoffrion Hall 55Joffrion, Rev. A. Em ile 55John Hunt / Big Spring Marker iv,8,90,91John W illliam s Walker Home 119Johnson, Herbert 139Johnson, Nancy M alone iiJohnston, W illiam Hooper iiJohnston, W illiam R. 154Jones, Dr. John Rison Jr. iiJones, Harvey P. iiJones, Judge 25Jones, Raymond B. iiJordan, Felix 72Jordan, Mary Bin ford 83Joseph J. Bradley Alumni Association 158

172

Joseph J. Bradley School 158,159,160 Judge David Cam pbell

Chapter, DAC 90,104Jupiter M issile 163

- K -

Kentucky 46Kerr, Dr. Norwood A. 2

- L -Lakeside M ethodist Episcopal Church 74 Lakeside United M ethodist

Church 82,83,84Lane Home 69Langer, Liz iiLangley, Dr. Ralph 121Lay, Rev. H enry C. 55Lee, Jam es W. ii, 121Lee, S teve 121LeRoy Pope Mansion 44,45LeRoy Pope M ansion M arker iii,7,39,4,45Lewis, David Peter 41 Liberty Baptist AssociationLimestone County, A labama 9,15 7Limestone Creek 3Limestone Road Skirm ish 116Lincoln Elem entary School 7,28,29Lincoln Mill 28,29,33Lincoln Mill V illage 28Lin col n Sc hool 28,29 Lincoln School and

V illage M arker iii,7,13,28,29London, England 57Lowe, Bartley M. 50Lowell, M assachusetts 28Low enstein Fabrics 158Lucas, Polly 121Luke, Dorothy Prince iiLuttrell, Frank Alex III i,ii,27,83,121

- M -M adison, A labama 9,154,155,156 Madison Baptist AssociationM adison City Hall 155M adison County, A labama i,iii,iv, 1,2,3,4,

5,6,9,12,13,14, 15,16,44,70,88,

96,103,104,106,112, 115,128,142,144,157

Madison County Comm ission 2,50,51,52, 60,64,85,92,

98,108,112,115, 116,118,119,130,

146,154,157M adison County Courthouse 15,96M adison County High School 146M adison County Map 6,12M adison County M arker iii,7,13,14,15 M adison County Poorhouse

Farm Site and Cem etery 115 M adison County Poorhouse Farm Site

and Cemetery M arker iv ,8,103,11 5Madison Post O ffice 155Madison Roundhouse 155 Madison Station

Historical Society ii, 154,156M adison, James 3M ahone, Mike 2M ahoney, G eorge M. Jr. ii M ajor General

H.N. Toftoy Marker iv,8,79,88,89Maple Hill Cem etery ii,40,41Maple Hill Cem etery Marker iii,7,39,40,41

Martin, G eorge W. 154M asonic Lodge 46,47,94M aysville, Alabama 3M cBride, M elissa iiM cCollum, Leroy 34McCook, General Robert L. 116M cCrary, Mrs. Thomas iiM cCutchen, John 76M cElroy, B.M. 142M cKinley, John 50 M emphis and Charleston

Railroad 4,80,146,154 M eridianville, A labam a 3,8,76,1 19,120 M errimack M anufacturing

Company 158,159,160 M errimack Mfg. Co. & V illage /

Joseph J. Bradley School M arker iv,9,149,158,159,160

Merrimack Mill 158,160M ethodist 16,110M ethodist Episcopal Church 22,82,142M ethodist Society 16,142,152M iller, Catherine 121M iller, Greg ii, 143M iller, John 108,113M iller, Mary 110M issionary Bishop o f the Southwest 55M issionary Society 82M ississippi 4M ississippi Territorial Legislature 85M ississippi Territory 3,4,14,142M issouri 150Mitchell, Ed 27Mitchell, General Robert 107M onroe Collection iiM onroe, D.C. 139M onroe, President Jam es 60M onte Sano Elementary School 136,137 M onte Sano Elementary School

M arker iv,9,125,136,137M onte Sano Elementary School PTA 136M onte Sano Female Seminary 134,135 M onte Sano Female Seminary

M arker iv,9,125,134,135M onte Sano Historical

Association 131,134,135,136,138M onte Sano Marker iv,9,125,139M onte Sano M ountain 5,13 1,132,136,139M onte Sano Railway 132M oore, C.C. 101M oore, Richard 72M oore-Rhett Home 69Moran H all 151M organ, G eneral John Hunt 70,71 M ount Paran Cam pground and

C em etery 112,113,114 M ount Paran Cam pground and

C em etery Marker iv ,8,103,112,113,114M ount Paran Presbyterian Church 112Mountain Fork o f Flint River 3Muscle Shoals, Alabama 52My hand, H .E. “H ub” 33

- N -Nashville, Tennessee 3,4,58National Aeronautics and

Space Administrationii,5,96,161,163,164,165,166

National Bank o f H untsville 86National Historic

Landmark 54,161,163,164,165,100National Park

Service 80.161.163.164.165.166

National Register o f HistoricPlaces 20,36,42,50,58,62,68,80,110

Nativity 55Neal, Stephen 70Negro League 34Neutral Buoyancy Space Sim ulator 164 Neutral Buoyancy Space Sim ulator

M arker iv,9,149,164New M arket, A labama 3,8,106,107,108,

110,112, 113,115New M arket Presbyterian Church 110,11 1 New M arket Presbyterian Church

M arker iv ,8,103,110,111New York 54Nicholson, John 76Norm al, Ala ba ma 98,122North Alabama Improvement Company 132 Northeast Huntsville

Civic Association 30,33Northern Bank o f Alabama 86

- O -O’ Shau ghness y, Ja mes 132O’Shaughnessy, M ichael 132Oakwood College ii ,150,151Oakwood College Marker iv,9,149,150,15 1Oakwood Industrial School 150Oakwood Junior College 150Oakwood Manual Training School 150Old Lim eston e Roa d Sk irm ish 116 Old Limestone Road Skirmish

M arker iv,8,103,l 16Old Mansion 151Old Town Historic D istrict 36,37 Old Town Historic D istrict

M arker iii,7,13,36,37O lowolowo, Izeum a 102Optimist Club 34O ptim ist Park 33,34,35 O riginal Site o f A labama

A&M University 98,99 O riginal Site o f A labam a

A&M U niversity Marker iv,8,79,98,99 O riginal Site o f Enon

Baptist Church 120,121 O riginal Site o f Enon

Baptist Church M arker iv ,8,103,120,121 O riginal Site o f Lakeside

United M ethodist Church 82,83,84 Original Site o f Lakeside

United M ethodistChurch Marker iv,8,79,82,83,84

- P-Paint Rock River 4Patton Donegan Company 104Patton, Dr. Charles Hays 44Patton, Eli 72Patton, Robert M iller 41Peeler, Phillip 28Perkins, Peter 3Peter Blow Plantation 150Petersburg, G eorgia 44Pha se IV Sy stem s 9,158Pickens, Governor 85Planters and M erchants Bank 85Plevna, Alabama 8,116Poor, M oses 113Pope, A lexander 3 Pope, LeRoy 3,4,44,45,67,85,92Pope, William H. 44Poplar Grove Plantation 44

173

Powers, N.J. 110Presbyterian 48Propulsion and Structural Test Facility 163 Propulsion and Structural Test Facility

M arker iv,9,149,163Protestant Episcopal Church 54Pruitt, Ranee ii,2Publ ic L an d Offic e 3

-Q -Quick, Bob 121Quinlan, Bishop John 20

- R -Rambo, M artha Simm s 51Read, John 50Reaves, Dr. Benjamin F. 151Record, James R. 1,2Redcaps 33 Redstone Arsena 1 iv, 5,9,8 8,96,126,154,

161,163,164,165Redstone M issile 162Redstone Test Stand 161,162 Redstone Test Stand

M arker iv,9,149,161,162Regions Bank 8Renaissance Revival 18Revolutionary W ar 113Richardsonian Rom anesque 58Ridley Hall 55Ridley, Dr. James L. 55Rison School 30,31,32Rison, Archie L. 31Riverton, A labama 8,104Robb, David 58Roberts, Dr. Frances Cabaniss ii, 1,2Robinson, Amos 72Rocket City 5Roddey, General Philip D. 107Romanesque Revival 18Rowe, Rev. and M rs. Jam es 134,135Ryland, A labam a 3,9,142

- S -Saint Bartley Primitive

B apt ist Ch urc h 72,7 3 Saint Bartley Primitive

Baptist Church M arker iii,8,61,72,73 Saint M ary’s Church

o f the Visitation 20,21 Saint M ary’s Church

o f the V isitation M arker iii,7,13,20,21Sanders, Mildred Rowe 135Saturn I 163Saturn V ii,165,166Saturn V Dynamic Test Stand 165 Saturn V Dynamic Test Stand

Marker iv,9,149,165Saturn V Launch V ehicle 166 Saturn V Launch Vehicle

Marker iv,9,149,166Schiffman Building 57,58,59Schiffman, Betty Herstein 26Schiffman, Elsie Strauss 26Schiffman, Isaac 18,58Schiffman, Robert L. 26Schrim sher Farm 138 Schrim sher Farm / Sunrise Terrace

Subdivision M arker iv,9,125,138Schrim sher, Caroline 138Schrim sher, William 138Scott, Dred 150Scruggs, Burgess E. 83,101

Seventh-day Adventist Church 150Sewah Studios 2Shepard, Alan 162Shiloh M ethodist Episcopal Church 142Shiloh United M ethodist Church 142,143Shiloh United M ethodist Church

M arker iv,9,125,142,143Showers, Richard 102,151Site o f A labam a’s First Constitutional

Convention Marker iii,7,63,64,65Site o f Bell Factory

M arker iv ,8,103,104,105Site o f Cabaniss Cotton Spinning

Factory Marker iv,8,103,l 18Site o f D itto’s Landing and Town of

W hitesburg Marker iv,9,125,128,129S iteo fG reen Academy

M arker iii,7,13,24,25Site o f Huntsville Female

C ollege M arker iii,7,13,22,23Site o f Huntsville Inn M arker iii,7,39,60Site o f Huntsville

Slave Cem etery Marker iii,7,61,67Site o f John W illiams

W alker H om e M arker iv ,8 ,103,119Skylab 164,165Smith, G eorge 108Smith, Jeanne Sandlin iiSmith, Joyce ii,83Smith, Missy Ming 51Smith-Given Home 147Southern Association o f Colleges

and Schools 150Southern Railway System 80Southern Savings and Loan Association 58 Space Shuttle 165Sparkman, M argaret F. 1Sparkman, W.F. 1Spencer, M ayor Loretta 2St. Paul’s, Kent County, Maryland 57StageC oach H om e 109State Agricultural and M echanical

C ollege for Negroes 99,123State Agricultural and M echanical

Institute for Negroes 99,123Stea mbo at G oth ic H ous e i iSteele, George 22,44,86Stro de, Eug ene 77,120Suffragan Bishop 55Sullivan, Dr. George R. 154Swinehart Home 37

- T -Tallulah Bankhead / 1. Schiffman

Building Marker iii,7,39,57,58,59Tallulah Bankhead Society 57,58Taylor, Jim m ie 27Tem ple B’nai Sholom ii ,l8,19 Tem ple B’nai Sholom

M arker iii,7,13,18,19Tennessee 3,38,142Tennessee River 3,4,9,92,128,

130,142,152,157Tennessee Valley 4Tennessee Valley Authority 5Terry, Ira M. 139Thomas, Alice M. iiThom pson, G eorge W. 58Thom pson, S.S. 13Three Forks o f Flint 3Toftoy, Maj. Gen. H.N. 88,89Town o f Gurley 146,147Town o f Gurley Marker iv,9,125,146,147

Town o f New M arketM arker iv,8,103,108,109

Town send, Tho ma s 83Trecy, Father Jerem iah 20Triana, A labama 157Triana M arker iv,9,149,157Twickenham 3,42,44,68 Twickenham Historic

D istrict ii,42,43,68,6 9 Twickenham Historic

District M arker iii,7,39,42,43,61,68,69Twickenham H istoric Preservation

District Association 42,6 8Twickenham Town Chapter 66

- U -U.S. A rm y 5 U.S. Departm ent o f the

Interior 161,163,164,165,166U.S. Space and Rocket Center ii,9 ,166Union Army 80 Union o f American Hebrew

Congregations 18 United Daughters o f the

Confederacy 40,144Urban Renewal 82

- V -V anderbilts 132Vandiver Family 110VanValkenburgh Home 43V iduta 131Virginia 3Virginia Clay Clopton Chapter, UDC 144Virginia Clay Clopton Home 144,145Von Braun Center ii,8,96 Von Braun, Dr. Wernher 5,96,97,136,138

- W -Walker County, Alabama 119Walker, John Jam es 119Walker, John W illiams 64,119W alker, LeRoy Pope 52,119W alker, Percy 119Walker, Richard W ilde 119Walker, Winston E. Ill 1Wall, Dr. Jimmy 2W ar Between the States 116Ward, Edward 3Ware, M iss Ella 25W ashington, D.C. 96W atercress Capital o f the W orld 108Watkins Home ii,43W ebb, Brenda 102Weeden House 50,51W eeden, M aria Howard 50,51West Fork o f Flint River Church 76,120W estern Conference 142,152W hite, Jam es 128,130W hitesbuig 3,128,130 W ildwood Marker iv,9,125,144,145 William Hooper Councill

High School Site 74,75 William Hooper Councill

High School Site M arker iii,8,61,74,75W illiams, Gov. Robert 3Williiam son County, Tennes see 152Wills, Frank 54W inchester, Tennessee 106Winston, Louis 3World W ar I 5W orld W ar II 5,138Wright, M ike ii

174