HISTORY AND CURRENTSTATUS OF THE POULTRY

INDUSTRY

By

Zaib-Ur-Rehman

Lecturer

Department of Poultry Science

PMAS, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan

• Domestication of poultry is started in Asia

• Domestication of chickens in China goes back to 3000 BC

• In India record of poultry dates back to about 3200 BC

• Some evidences of chickens in India dates back only to 2000 BC

• Chickens appear in writings and artwork of ancientGreece. They may have been brought to Greece fromPersia, and Persian soldiers brought them from India.

• Poultry were kept by farmers in China, India and EastAsia long before they were known to the Europeansand Americans

• Poultry as a business, however, was not known beforethe twentieth century

• R.T. Maitland wrote his Manual and Standards Bookfor the Poultry Amateur

• In this book he describes the husbandry, care andbreeding of poultry with a short description of allpoultry strains present at the time.

• International Association of Poultry Instructors andInvestigators was founded in 1912

• Inception of World’s Poultry Congresses was took place in 1921 inHague

• Main objective was to spread knowledge about poultry production

• Out of 22 congresses held between 1921 and 2004, only five wereheld in the warm regions of the world

Status of the World Poultry Industry

Development of global meat and hen egg production between1970 and 2005(data in 1000 t)

Year Beef and veal Pig meat Poultry meat Hen eggs

1970 38,349 35,799 15,101 19,538

1975 43,724 41,674 18,684 22,232

1980 45,551 52,683 25,965 26,215

1985 49,285 59,973 31,206 30,764

1990 53,363 69,873 41,041 35,232

1995 54,207 80,091 54,771 42,857

2000 56,951 90,095 69,191 51,690

2005 60,437 102,523 81,014 59,233

Increase (%) 57.6 186.4 436.5 203.2

World production of eggs and chicken meat in 1000 t

Egg Chicken meat

Continent 1990 2005 % Change 1990 2005 % Change

Africa 1,420 2,230 57 1,790 3,189 78

N. & C. America 5,790 8,052 39 12,830 22,653 77

S. America 2,310 3,518 52 3,850 13,697 256

Asia 14,270 40,055 181 9,390 21,989 134

Europe (includesformer USSR) 11,710 10,035 -14 11,520 11,802 2

Oceania 250 227 -9 480 942 96

World 35,750 64,117 79 39,860 74,272 86

Per capita consumption of eggs (number) and broilermeat (kg) in different countries during 2005

Country Eggs* Broiler meat**

Argentina 174 18.54

Brazil 130 37.27

South Africa 107 24.7

India 46 1.72

Iran 133 4.88

Thailand 105 10.54

Average 116 16.23

Canada 188 31.82

France 251 14.24

Hungary 295 27.81

Russian Federation 259 16.45

USA 255 44.24

UK 172 26.76

Average 237 26.78

Poultry Production in Asia

• Asia

• China is the largest producer of Asian countriesEgg production = 28,674 thousand tonnes

Chicken meat= 10,233 thousand tonnes

• India is the second largest producer

• Japan is third one in the Poultry Production

• Share of Asia in the egg production was only 24% in 1970 and now itproduces over 60% of the total world production

Current Status of Poultry in Pakistan

Poultry industry is one of the most vibrant segments of

agriculture sector in Pakistan

It generates direct or indirect employment for about 1.5

million people

Poultry meat contributes 24.8 percent of the total meat

production

Current investment = Rs. 200 billion.

Growth rate = 8-10 percent

Pad Cover

Vent Air Inlet

Static pressure sensor

Static pressure pipe

House should have no leakage