history beyond the text book
DESCRIPTION
This presentation was a part of student training of ppt by M.A History students under the guidance of Dr. Ameeta singh M.L.B. College Bhopal. It is useful for Hindi Medium students.TRANSCRIPT
Lokxre~
Ukke & liuk cq/kkSfy;k ,oa bZje lqYrku fo"k; & bfrgkl d{kk & ,e- , vafre o"kZ ¼lh-lh-bZ-½
izkIrdrkZ MkW- vferk flag
Lrwi laLd`r vFkok izkd`frd ^^Fkwi** ^Lrwi* /kkrq ls cuk gS] ftldk vFkZ gS ,df=r djuk] nsj yxkuk vkfnA
1- Nrkoyh & rhu N= 2- gkfuZdk & ;g Lrwi vaM 'kh"kZ Hkkx ij e/; esa cuh pkSdksj ,oa piVh txg gSA 3- oS"Vuh &os"Vuh dk i`Foh ds uhps dk Hkkx tks fn[kkbZ ugha iM+rk fdUrq mlh ij vU; vkdkj ¼LrEHk½ fLFkj fd;s tkrs Fks
ckS) ;qx esa oSfnd ijkEijk dk vuqdj.k FkkA czkgE.k xzaFkks ¼'kriFk czk- 98@9½ esa dzc dk fooj.k miyC/k gSA czkgE.k iqjk.k ds vuqlkj ¼HkLe½ dks ,df=r dj HkLedy’k ¼;wvkj,u½ esa j[kus dh ppkZ gSA dgus dk rkRik;Z gS fd oSfnd dkyhu ijkEijk gh ckS) Lrwiksa esa ifjyf{kr gSA vr,o ^^HkLe ik=** ds Åij Lrwi rS;kj fd;s x;sA oSfnd dkyhu Lekjd ds :I esa ^^ykSfj;k uanu** ds Lrwiksa dk ukeksaYys[k fd;k tk ldrk gSA bZlk iwoZ ikWp oh lnh esa foijkok ¼cLrh mRrjizns'k½ uked Lfkku ij igy Lrwi rS;kj fd;k x;k Fkk tks fd bZV dk cuk Fkk rFkk Lrwi fuekZ.k dh ijkEijk vkxs c<+h rFkk egku 'kkld v'kksd us 84 Lrwiksa dk fuekZ.k djk;k A
lkWph ckS/kx;k Vejkorh lkjukFk Ukyank jktxzg oS'kkyh Hkjgwr JkoLrh Lkfdalk
bu LFkkuksa ij Lrwiksa dk fuekZ.k djk;k x;k A
xkSre cq) us ihiy ds o`{k ds uhps riL;k dh ogh o`{k ckn esa ckSf/k o`{k ds uke ls izfl) gqvk A
cks/k x;k dh lcls izeq[k ckr ;g gS fd ;g czkgE.k /keZ ds izHkko ls vNwrk u jg ldkA blds LraHk ij lw;Z ds jFk dh vkd`fr cuh gq;h gSA vkSj banz cq) ds n'kZukFkZ gsrq mifLFkr gSA
lkWph dk Lrwi & fiDplZ
lkWph ds rksj.k }kj& fiDplZ bu rksj.k }kj ij cq) ds tUe dk n`'; gS budh tkrd dFkkvksa ds n`'; Hkh fn[kk;s x;s gS rFkk xt] flag] v'o] eksj] gal] dcwrj] ;{k] ;{kh.kh] dYio`{k] ftlesa lqUnj vkHkw"k.k yVdrs fn[kkbZ nsrs gsSA
Hkjgwr dk Lrwi o rksj.k }kjk & fiDplZ Hkjgwr rksj.k }kj ij Hkh ;{k ;{kh.kh fo'kky dk; oLrkHkw"k.k ls lqlfTtr LrEHk ds lgkjs [kM+s fn[kkbZ iM+rs gSA bu ij Hkh tkrd dFkkvksa dks n`'; ns[kus dks feyrk gSA