history of indian railway

7/31/2019 History of Indian Railway

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History of Indian railway Indian Railway are very aptly called the lifeline of

India. Providing transport likes though 63,140 routes, it is

one of the largest Railway system in the world

A wide fleet with 7800 locomotives, 400,000coaches, 3,26,000 wagons, 9 pairs of Rajdhani and13 pair of currently operated on almost daily basis.

Indian Railway operated 11,000 trains, and

transports more than 1 million tones freightregularly.

Indian Railway has surely kept up the pace with the

revolution in information technology.


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History of India Railway

Important year:-

1832- Plans were proposed to introduce a rail network in

India. 1844- Private entrepreneurs set up a private rail system in

India.

1851- Trains became operational.

1853- Passenger trains were introduced. 1875- 95 million pounds were invested into Indian Railway by

British companies.

1895- Indian locomotives began in the country.

1901- A Railway Board was established. 1907- The government obtained total control over of the rail

companies.

1908- First electric locomotive was introduced.

1947- 40% of the railway network came under Pakistanspossession.


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History of Indian Railways- Important

Years After Independence:-

1951- Nationalization of the system in India tookplace.

1952- Six railway zones were introduced.

1995- Steam locomotives become obsolete. Onlydiesel and electric locomotives were operational.

1987- The Indian Railways reservation system was

computerized.


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Northeast Frontier (NF) Railway

It historical roots in the former Assam Railways & Trading Company, AssamBengal Railways, and Eastern Bengal Railways.

Assam Railway P. Trading Company laid the first Railway line in Assam uptoMakum collieries at Margherita in 1884. The Company also established thefirst passenger Railway system in Assam under the name Dibru SadiyaRailway.

The Eastern Bengal Railway constructed the sections Haldibari - Siliguri,

Barsoi - Kishanganj, Manihari Katihar- Kasaba and opened these sometimebefore 1900.

They expanded the network to other sections namely, Hasimara -Alipurduar, Gitaldaha Bamanhat, Golakganj - Amingaon, Rangiya -Rangapara & Dhubri during the period 1900-1911.

The Assam Railway & Trading Company, the Eastern Bengal Railway and the

Assam Bengal Railway which was also operating in the Barak Valley region. With the partition of India in August 1947, the Bengal Assam Railway was

bifurcated according to the political boundaries, leading to the formation ofthe Assam Railway with its headquarters at Pandu.

In 1948 the Darjeeling - Himalayan Railway was also taken over by the

Government of India and merged with Assam Railways.


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The partition of the country and formation of the erstwhile East

Pakistan (now Bangladesh) led to complete severance ofcommunication with the State of Assam from the rest of India. Itwas restored with the completion of the Assam Rail Link Project inJanuary 1950.

During the reorganisation of Railway zones in

1953, Assam Railway and Avadh - Tirhut Railway were merged toform the North Eastern Railway with headquarters at Gorakhpur.The N. F. Railway system was carved out of the North EasternRailway on 15th January, 1958 and based at Maligaon, Guwahati atthe foothill of Nilachal 'Parbat', the abode of Goddess Kamakhya.

N. F. Railway is the smallest of the 9 zones onthe Indian Railways, but has the unique distinction of serving asmany as ten States of the Indian Union, namely ArunachalPradesh, Assam, Bihar, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram. Nagaland,Sikkim, Tripura and West Bengal. Besides, it also serves as a rail-head for the Himalayan kingdoms of Nepal and Bhutan and

provides interchange facilities with Bangladesh Railway.


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Brief history of general store PANDU

PANDU Stores depot initially functioning at the

present site of Guwahati forms depot. After fewmonths, the present site of PANDU was chosen for

construction for store depot.

Present PANDU depot opened on 15th AUG 1947and first DCOS was Mr. V.C.Pranpjape.

After the partition of country ,large number of

railway stuff who were working at store depotPahartali and Saidpur (presently in Bangladesh)

gave there option to work in India and a good

number of stuffs were absorbed in PANDU depot.


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In the meantime, the historic Assam link project

was completed and the workload Pandu depot

started increasing gradually. In 1952 the entire

railway system of country has been re-organized

and pandu depot comes under the jurisdiction of

N.E Railways having its HQ at Gorakhpur.

In the year N.F Railway comes into existence withHQs at MALIGAON,GUWAHATI.

The post of controller of stores was immediately

created and Pandu stores depot was placed underthe administrative control of COS/N.F Railways.


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After the creation of N.F RLY, a forms depot was

setup at guwahati under the administrative

control of Dy. COS/ PANDU to feel the requirement

of form

This depot is having three row of godowns with

sections. At present this depot is having one

Receipt section & 13 ward including scrap wardthis exclude divisional stores accounts.


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Initially PANDU depot was feeding the entire

Alipurduar, Lamding and tinsukia divisions Now

the present feeding jurisdiction of PANDU is entireLMG & RNY division.

Feeding of Lumding division start from agthori to

oating(near fakiragram) & branch line LMG to

Mono, badapur to bhairavi, silchar to

jiribam,karimganj to maleswar,, karimganj to

durlbhasara. This depot is feeding 115 inne imprest

holder of LMG division.


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The important activities of PANDU

depot

receipt ,accountal,storage,issue & delivery of

stores to indentors located of Rangia &

Lumding divisions.

Disposal


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Inventory management

The inventory Management is concern about the

entire range of functions which effect the flow,conservation and utilization, and quality and cost

of materials.

It is that aspect which is concerned with the

activities involved in the acquisition and storage of

all materials directly and indirectly employed inthe production of finished products.


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Objectives of inventory management

to maintain continuity of production or operationby ensuring flow of materials;

to reduce material cost and to contribute towards

the reduction of the cost of production oroperation or over all costs;

to reduce capital and recurring expenditure;

to avoid locking up of funds in working capital;

to increase the competitiveness of the end productfor the sale;

to ensure the right quality .


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Advantages:-

The following are the advantages of inventory

management:-

reducing the material costs, labour costs and

overhead costs.

Increased efficiency;

Capital saved which could be invested in other

activities;

It helps to stabilise the prices;

It helps in minimizing carrying cost, handling

chargers and ordering costs.


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The inventories on Indian Railways

comprise..

balance held under store suspense which include

physical stocks in depot and out-standings in the

suspense accounts.

Work in progress in various workshops and

production units.

Miscellaneous advances including the value of

stores advanced to the contractors for fabrication

etc.


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Stores organization and its function The inventory management in Indian railways is very

complex function as the management has to deal withfrom common consumable stores to most complicateditems such as a part of sophisticated rolling stocks,signalling and telecommunication equipment etc.

The fundamental principle of inventory managementis to see that the right quality of material in rightquantity is bought at right place and at right time

through right source. The administration and control of stores of a railways

is conducted by the store dept. under the supervisionof COS (controller of stores) who is the principal

officer of the store department.


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Store keeping embraces the following main

functions:-

receipt and issue,

custody and

Frequent verification of ground balance with that

of book balance.

In order to achieve the above objectives the efficient


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In order to achieve the above objectives the efficientworking of departments, there are various depots locatednear the workshops and convenient places for catering theneed of the users.

Each depot of any importance is under the supervision of agazetted officer of stores . He is responsible to controller ofstores for :-

efficient maintenance of stocks and stores;

prompt service of the territory served by his depot;

the safe custody of stores in stock;

the correct tally of such stock at any time with the balanceshown in ledgers.

The correct preparations and posting of all initialdocuments, ledgers and subsidiary registers,

Disposal of surplus and scrap stores.

Submission of the relevant vouchers and document toaccount officer on prescribed dates.


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Various Stores depot of N.F Railways

1)03-GUWAHATI (BOOKS & FORMS,UTS TICKETROLL,BED ROLL,CPT CHART,PRINTER RIBBON,GAS(OX +DA)

2) 05-TRANSIT/BELIAGHATA DEPOTS(LOCALPURCHASE OF LAW VALUE ITEMS,CHASING OFCRITICAL ITEMS FROM KOLKATA BASED SOURCE)

3) 06-DIESEL STORES DEPOT/MALDA(DISEL,LOCOMOTIVE ITEMS)

4) 08-DIESEL STORES DEPOT/LUMDING

(DISEL,LOCOMOTIVE ITEMS)


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5) 09-DIESEL STORES DEPOT/NEW GUWAHATI


6) 11-CARRAGE AND WAGON DEPOTP/DIBRUGARH

(CARRAGE AND WAGON ITEMS,ELECTRICAL

ITEMS,GENERAL ITEMS,PAINTS,OIL,ELECTRODES)

7) 22-GENERAL STORES DEPOT/PANDU

(CARRIAGE &WAGON ITEMS,ELECTRICAL

ITEMS,GENERAL ITEMS,PAINTS,ELECTRODES,

OIL,S&T ITEMS,CLOTHES AND STATIONARY)

8) 33-BONGAIGAON DEPOT(ENGG ITEMS,GENERAL

ITEMS)


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9)44-CARRAIGE AND WAGON DEPOT/NEW

BONGAIGAON(CARRAGE AND WAGON

ITEMS,ELECTRICAL ITEMS,GENERALITEMS,PAINTS,OIL,ELECTRODES)

10) 55 -DIESEL STORES DEPOT/SILIGURI


11) 56-GENERAL STORES DEPOT/NJP

(CARRIAGE &WAGON ITEMS,ELECTRICAL

ITEMS,LECTRODES, OIL)

12) 77-TINDHARIA DEPOT (TIINDHARIA WORK

SHOPE)


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13) 88-GENERAL STORES DEPOT/KATIHAR

(CARRAGE AND WAGON ITEMS,ELECTRICAL

ITEMS,GENERALITEMS, PAINTS, OIL,

ELECTRODES)


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Purchase policy and purchase rules:The rules for purchase are in accordance with the policy

of the government of India to make their purchases ofstores for the public service in such a way as toencourage the development of the industries of thecountry to the utmost possible extent, consistent with

the economy and efficiency.There are four sources of supply or receipt of materialsrequired by Railways:

Purchases,

Manufactured by Railways,

Returned Stores, and

Transfer of stores from other Railways or departments.

Purchase/price preference to public


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Purchase/price preference to public

sector enterprise:

Investments in the public sector are made on overall

grounds of public policy.

Public enterprises have to be made viable and the

capacities created should be utilized to the fullest

extent.

Quality requirements and reasonable delivery

schedule, should of course be enforced.


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Emergency Purchase .

Red Signals are initiated by the Depot Officers under thecategories of stores purchased through:

Direct purchase items

DG & D items, and

Railway Board items.The Depot officers will finish the following details to the Controller

of stores to attend his requirements.

Complete description of the items,

Monthly consumption and re-order level,

Stock in hand, under issue and demand if any,

Last three years consumption,

Accepted tender, intend, number and date, names of firms,delivery date and balance quantity on accepted tender.


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RISK PURCHASE

The risk purchase may be defined as an action

initiated by the railway administration , forprocurement of stores from some where else, in

the event of the failure of a supplier to deliver the

stores within the validity period of contract or isunable to supply under the terms and conditions

of a contract.


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Store keeping railway administration proper upkeep, to

safeguard from thefts, damage, leakage, carelesshandling and also have periodical inspection andchecks departmentally and also by account

departmentStore keeping embraces :-

receipt and issue

custody frequent verification of ground balance with that

book balances


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kind of depot and their location Depots meant for repairs and maintenance of locomotive ,

carriages , wagon and signal and telecommunicationcomponents are located near the Work shops.

Depots meant for repairs and maintenance of diesel and electriclocos and attached to such shade where such repairs are carriedout.

Depots meant stationary and printing are located in printingpress or near by.

Depots meant for receipt and disposal of scrap and located atconvenient places where such operation could be done smoothlyand efficiently.

Depots meant for issue for general stores to the various indentorsare located at very convenient places.

Depots meant for purchase and supply of medicines to thedivisional hospital and centralized hospitals are nominated

places by C.M.D.


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Different sections in Pandu depot

Some of the important sections/words in Pandudepot are:-

1. Ward no-1 :BOOKING SECTION

2. Ward no-2: WAGON SECTION3. Ward no-11:STATIONARY SECTION

4. Word no -12&14:SCRAP SECTION

5. Ward no-18 :RECEIPT SECTION6. INVENTORY CONTROL

7. Ward no-20:ELECTRICAL SECTION


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Ward no-1 :BOOKING SECTION

A railway workshop ordinarily has a store

depot attached to it under the control of

control of an official of the stores

department to meet the requirements of theworkshop.

Each workshop stores depot is divided into

wards in each of which is stocked one ormore groups of stores.


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Ward no-2: WAGON SECTION THE MATERIALS OF FOLLOWING GROUP NO:-30, 33,

36,37,38,39 ARE STORED .

THIS SECTION .THE HOT ITEM WHICH IS MAINLYSTORED IS THE PUSH COCK WITH ADOPTER i.e. THEGROUP NO:-36.

THE STOCKING APPLICATOIN IS BASICALLY CONSIST OFTOP AND BOTTOM CARD.

WE CAN CALL TOP CARD AS HISTORY CARD WHICHBASICALLLY CONSIS OF S.R NO(STOCK REQUIRNMENTNO),TIME PERIOD (BASICALLY IT IS BETWEEN 1MONTH TO 12 MONTHS),PL code(price list) , Depotcode, nature of material, description of materials,required in varying amount over a period of(time),consumption( A,B,C).

AAC (Average annual consumption): It is the


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AAC (Average annual consumption):-It is the

consumption of a particular type of material by

railways over a period of one year.

The formula for calculating AAC is as follows:-

AAC= Total quantity used in three years x 12

36


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Ward no 11:-statoinary items


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Ward no-20:ELECTRICAL SECTION ELECTRICAL & TELECOMMUNICTION

240 items used in both BG & MG

3 godowns under this section

Major group- 40,41,43,45,42 ,50,56,85

40,41,42,43,47-electrical spares excluding electrical

loco spares

50-telecommunication items

56-signal items

85-bearing items


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Ward no-18 :RECEIPT SECTION

It generally deals with the material received

by PANDU DEPO which is supplied by the

suppliers

The another main function of receipt section

is to transfer the received material to

different sections of N.F railways as well as to

the Indian railways.


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Word no -12&14:SCRAP SECTION

In ward no:-12 they are storing the ferrous items

which are declared as scrape items. It mainly

consists of iron, tin, cast still, LP linear, HP linear etc.

In ward no:-14 they are storing the non ferrous

items such as glass, copper, aluminum etc.

generally stores the unused materials and tries to

sell these unused items


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when an item or material is become scrap then its

PL no. generally changes with the type or nature of

the material.

material before after

cast steel 98050014 98050006

aluminum 98230005 98230062

iron(lower rate) 98988510 98985516


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AUCTION

The purchaser shall have to deposit the

earnest money mentioned below :-

100% for value of sale amounting up to 10,000.

25% for the value of sale amounting to above

10000 up Rs 100000.

10% for the value of sale amounting more than

100000.


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The balance sale value of the bid money shall be paid by the purchaser tothe railway administration within the number of days maintiioned belowfrom the date of sale including the date of sale:-

a) for lot value upto Rs 100000 : within 10 days

b) lots value more than 100000

upto 500000 :with in 20 days.

c) for the lot valuing more : in two equal

than RS 5000000

installment within 10 days

from the Date

of sale and second

installment with in 20 days from the date


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Research methodology

Research design:- Descriptive research

Data source:- both primary and secondary

Method of data collection:-

Primary data has been collected by conducting

survey in various section of Pandu depot ofN.F railway.


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Secondary data is collected from various

internal sources, through interaction with

different people from different section.

history of indian railway

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