history of life 1
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History of Life 1. Tucson Botanical Gardens. Brian O ’ Meara EEB464 Fall 2013. Learning outcomes:. Get a deep perspective on time Understand major events in earth history Generate hypotheses regarding what happens after mass extinctions. Big Bang 13.73 BYA. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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History of Life 1
Brian O’MearaEEB464 Fall 2013
Tucson Botanical Gardens
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Learning outcomes:
• Get a deep perspective on time• Understand major events in earth history• Generate hypotheses regarding what
happens after mass extinctions
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Big Bang 13.73 BYA
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First stars produce more complex elements, then
(some) explode
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Borb
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Solar system (sun, planets) form 4.6 BYA
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Moon broken off from Earth, 4.53 BYA
Ow!
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Heavy bombardment, 4.1 - 3.8 BYA
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Life evolves~3.8 BYA
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Photosynthesis evolvessomewhere 3.5 - 2.8 BYA
OH H
OCO+ = O
OSugar+
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Great oxidation event2.45 - 2.22 BYA
OH H
OCO+ = O
OSugar+
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Huronian glaciation3.2 - 2.4 BYA
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a long time passesArchaea+Eukaryotes and Eubacteria
divergeEukaryotes diverge from ArchaeaLife is still single-celled
Andr
ee V
alle
y
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Bacteria Archaea Eukarya
Circular chromosome Y Y N
Histones with DNA N Y Y
Flagella Spinning Spinning Waving
Unicellular Y Y Varies
Organelles ~N N Y
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a long time passesArchaea+Eukaryotes and Eubacteria
divergeEukaryotes diverge from ArchaeaLife is still single-celled
Andr
ee V
alle
y
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Ediacaran fauna0.63 BYA = 630 MYA
Wikimedia commons
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Cambrian542 MYA
John Sibbick
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Wikimedia commons
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Permian-Triassic extinction251 MYA
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Permian-Triassic extinction251 MYA
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Permian-Triassic extinction251 MYA
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KT (Cretaceous-Tertiary) extinction65.5 MYA
Brian Franczak
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Sun eventually becomes red giant, expands
Franck et al. Causes and timing of future biosphere extinctions. Biogeosciences (2006) vol. 3 (1) pp. 85-92Schröder and Smith. Distant future of the Sun and Earth revisited. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (2008) vol. 386 (1) pp. 155-163
Life ev
olves
Multice
llulari
ty
NOWLife
goes
extinc
t
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Discussion: how might a major extinction like the one at the end of the Permian affect life?