history of town planning for collage
TRANSCRIPT
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Town Planning~ Lecture 1 ~
Ancient Towns
Middle Age Towns
Renaissance and Early Baroque TownPlanning
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e Ancient city of Ur - Mesopotamia
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The city ofUr, one of the oldest archeological
sites of a great ancient city.
The city had streets between the walls of
houses, and in the centre there was a citadel
which accommodated the most important
buildings: the sanctuary and the market, theroyal palace and the elite army headquarters.
The whole city was surrounded with high
defense walls.
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Agora din Assos
Agora
Agora was the city square in
ancient Greek cities.
Although it was not literallysquare, in some cases the
design was quite geometric
or based on straight lines.
The Greek agora consisted
on several long buildings
named Stoa which
accommodated stores,shops, deposits and a long
covered corridor which
allowed the citizens to walk
from one side to the other of
the square under the roof
cover and to enjoy the agora
social life.
Agoras also facilitated a
special building for the city
council, called bouleterion.
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Ancient city of Lindos
Greek houses are built using walls toward the street.
The streets result in small, narrow corridors between the houses.
The only breach into the walls are the doors and rarely, several small barred windows.
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Diocletian's Palace (Dioklecijanova palaa) is a building in Split, Croatia that was built
by the emperor Diocletian at the turn of the fourth century AD. At the time it was built,there was no such city of Split, and the original town was built around the palace
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The Middle Age City
Middle Age city of Dubrovnic(actual Croatia, ex Republic of
Venice)
During Middle Age, following the fall
of power of the Roman Empire,cities had to build their own strong
defenses in order to survive the
dangers of Barbarians and later the
dangers of Otoman Empire.
In some cases, population moved
to better defended locations like
small isles, high hills or other
natural defensive location.
Space inside the city walls became
very precious and cities grew in
density.
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Sienna ItalyOne preserved example of chaotic middle age city
development.
Citizens were used to take advantage of every little
precious space in the defended city.
Middle age city streets were dark, narrow, random,curved, like a a corridor, like a maze.
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San GiminianoThe city of towers
Italy
Is a typical middle age city
with a unique feature of
having more than a few
separate towers.
City towers were not
uncommon in the middle
age and were used to
watch the land and signal
any attack.
Generally every city had at
least 1 or 2 such high
towers.
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Nordlingen German middle age city in BavariaThe city was first mentioned in the 11th century. The layout is typical
for central European german late middle age city. This particular city
is built upon a meteor crater. The crater borders gave a favorable
natural defense.
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Baroque Town Planning The renaissance heritage
Florence, the city that gave birth to
renaissance was basically a middle age city.In Florence, there are numerous
Renaissance buildings among and into the
chaotic middle age streets.
While the city is considered a Renaissance
city, its shaped by a typical Middle Age
chaotic layout.
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Baroque Town Planning The renaissance heritageIn early renaissance, Rome was a plain middle age city with two special locations:- The ancient Roman Forum which was in ruin yet no middle age buildings were build upon
- On the other side of the river, there was the Vatican with its ancient basilica (now replaced)
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One of the first successful attempts to create
new, geometric town spaces in renaissance
Roma Piazza di CampidoglioMichelangelo
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Wikipedia on Palmanova, Italy:On October 7, 1593, the superintendent of the Republic of Venice foundeda revolutionary new kind of settlement: Palmanova. The citys founding datecommemorated the victory of European forces (supplied primarily by theVenetian republic) over Ottoman Turks in the Battle of Lepanto. October 7also celebrated Saint Justina, chosen as the citys patron saint. Using all the
latest military innovations of the 16th century, this tiny town was a fortress inthe shape of a nine-pointed star, designed by Vincenzo Scamozzi. Inbetween the points of the star, ramparts protruded so that the points coulddefend each other. A moat surrounded the town, and three large, guardedgates allowed entry.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmanovahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmanova