History of TsunamisHistory of TsunamisByron PowellByron Powell

University of PhoenixUniversity of PhoenixCMP 555CMP 5556/26/056/26/05

This presentation contains: text (bullets), graphics, digital images, and video clips.

Definition of TsunamiDefinition of Tsunami• A tsunami is a natural A tsunami is a natural

phenomenon consisting of a phenomenon consisting of a series of waves generated when series of waves generated when water in a lake or the sea is water in a lake or the sea is rapidly displaced on a massive rapidly displaced on a massive scale.scale.

Image from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsunami

Causes of TsunamiCauses of Tsunami

•EarthquakeEarthquake– A trembling or shaking of the A trembling or shaking of the

Earth’s surface.Earth’s surface.

•Impact EventsImpact Events– Caused by the collision of Caused by the collision of

meteoroids, asteroids, or comets meteoroids, asteroids, or comets with Earth.with Earth.

Causes of TsunamiCauses of Tsunami

•LandslideLandslide– A geological phenomenon A geological phenomenon

which includes a wide range of which includes a wide range of ground movement, such as ground movement, such as avalanches or falling rock.avalanches or falling rock.

•Volcanic EruptionVolcanic Eruption

Areas Affected by TsunamiAreas Affected by Tsunami• Any coastal area can be affected Any coastal area can be affected

by a tsunami.by a tsunami.

Image from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsunami

Tsunami WarningsTsunami Warnings• Tsunamis cannot be prevented or Tsunamis cannot be prevented or

predicted with 100% accuracy, but predicted with 100% accuracy, but there are several warning signs.there are several warning signs.– Animals sense the danger and begin Animals sense the danger and begin

to flee.to flee.– The sea will recede from the coast.The sea will recede from the coast.– A tsunami warning system can be in A tsunami warning system can be in

place and warn of the tsunami.place and warn of the tsunami.

Tsunami PreventionTsunami Prevention• As stated before it is not possible As stated before it is not possible

to prevent tsunamis, but several to prevent tsunamis, but several countries have measures in place countries have measures in place to minimize damage. Japan has to minimize damage. Japan has built tsunami walls.built tsunami walls.

Image from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsunami

Tsunami HistoryTsunami History• The most recent tsunami The most recent tsunami

occurred in December 2004, and occurred in December 2004, and struck many countries bordering struck many countries bordering the Indian Ocean.the Indian Ocean.

• All continents have been hit by a All continents have been hit by a tsunami at some point in time.tsunami at some point in time.

Tsunami HistoryTsunami History• Range of Indian Ocean tsunami Range of Indian Ocean tsunami

in 2004.in 2004.

Animation from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsunami

Tsunami InformationTsunami Information• The oldest tsunami account The oldest tsunami account

comes from China.comes from China.• Nine confirmed tsunamis have Nine confirmed tsunamis have

struck North America, hitting struck North America, hitting regions such as Alaska, Hawaii, regions such as Alaska, Hawaii, Newfoundland, California, British Newfoundland, California, British Columbia, Maine, and Puerto Columbia, Maine, and Puerto Rico. There are seven other cases Rico. There are seven other cases that could have been tsunami.that could have been tsunami.

Tsunami InformationTsunami Information• At least eight tsunamis have At least eight tsunamis have

struck South Asia. Most notably, struck South Asia. Most notably, the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004.the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004.

• At least one tsunami struck At least one tsunami struck Portugal in 1755.Portugal in 1755.

• Most tsunamis occur in the Pacific Most tsunamis occur in the Pacific Ocean.Ocean.

AssignmentsAssignments• You will be identifying which You will be identifying which

geographical areas are more geographical areas are more susceptible to tsunami and why susceptible to tsunami and why these areas are susceptible. You these areas are susceptible. You will then conduct research on the will then conduct research on the Internet and learn about the history Internet and learn about the history of tsunamis by using the of tsunamis by using the instructional web pages provided instructional web pages provided and the world map.and the world map.

AssignmentsAssignments• Once research is complete, you will Once research is complete, you will

then work on designing a Web Quest then work on designing a Web Quest or PowerPoint and an oral or PowerPoint and an oral presentation and communicate your presentation and communicate your findings to the rest of the class. findings to the rest of the class. – You have only three days for research.You have only three days for research.– You have five more school days to You have five more school days to

complete the presentation.complete the presentation.

AssignmentsAssignments• Three additional assignments Three additional assignments

will be assigned after the will be assigned after the presentations.presentations.– Word SearchWord Search– Crossword PuzzleCrossword Puzzle– Matching WorksheetMatching Worksheet

Tsunami VideoTsunami Video• The presentation will be concluded The presentation will be concluded

with a movie of the Chilean with a movie of the Chilean Tsunami in 1960.Tsunami in 1960.

(Click to start video)(Click to start video)

Animation from http://www.geophys.washington.edu/tsunami/general/physics/characteristics.html

ReferencesReferences• Tsunami Physics (n.d.). Retrieved on June 26, 2005 from Tsunami Physics (n.d.). Retrieved on June 26, 2005 from

http://www.geophys.washington.edu/tsunami/general/physics/characteristihttp://www.geophys.washington.edu/tsunami/general/physics/characteristics.htmlcs.html

• Wikipedia (2005). Retrieved on June 26, 2005 from Wikipedia (2005). Retrieved on June 26, 2005 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsunamihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsunami