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TRANSCRIPT
General Certificate of Secondary Education
2009
History
Paper 1Foundation Tier
[G4601]
WEDNESDAY 27 MAY, MorNiNG
4340
For Examiner’s use only
Question Number Marks
Section A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9Section B
101112131415
Total Marks
Centre Number
71
Candidate Number
TiME
2 hours.
iNSTrUCTioNS To CANDiDATES
Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces provided at the top of this page.Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper.Answer four questions.Answer two questions from your chosen subject area in Section A.Answer two questions from your chosen subject area in Section B.
iNForMATioN For CANDiDATES
The total mark for this paper is 100.Quality of written communication will be assessed in Part (c) of all questions.Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate the marks awarded to each question or part question.
G46
01*G4601*
2
Answer four questions only.
Section A
Answer two questions from your chosen subject area.
CoNTENTS pages
Chosen Subject Area – Germany Pages 3–151 Germany – The Weimar Republic 3–62 Germany – Nazi Germany 7–103 Germany – Nazi policy towards Europe 11–15
Chosen Subject Area – russia Pages 16–274 Russia – The Fall of Tsarism and the 1917 Revolutions 16–195 Russia – Russia after the Revolution 20–236 Russia – Stalinist Russia 24–27
Chosen Subject Area – USA Pages 28–397 USA – 1920s America 28–318 USA – 1929 Wall Street Crash and the Depression 32–359 USA – Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal 36–39
Section B
Answer two questions from your chosen subject area.
Chosen Subject Area – Peace, War and Neutrality Pages 40–5110 Peace, War and Neutrality – Anglo-Irish Relationships before World War Two 40–4311 Peace, War and Neutrality – Experience of and Response to War 44–4712 Peace, War and Neutrality – Post-War Relationships 48–51
Chosen Subject Area – Changing relationships Pages 52–6313 Changing Relationships – Northern Ireland in the 1960s 52–5514 Changing Relationships – Prelude to Direct Rule 56–5915 Changing Relationships – The Search for a Solution 60–63
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Section A
Answer two questions from your chosen subject.
Either A1 Germany c1918–c1941 page 3 to page 15or A2 Russia c1914–c1941 page 16 to page 27or A3 United States of America c1918–c1941 page 28 to page 39.
A1: Germany c1918–c1941.
Answer any two questions.
You should spend about 30 minutes on each question.
1 This question is about the Weimar republic.
(a) Below is a list of organisations associated with Germany during the time of the Weimar Republic:
Spartacists SocialDemocrats
StormTroopers
Nazi Party Freikorps
Following the example below, match each name to the correct description:
(i) Political party led by Social Democrats Friedrich Ebert ____________________
(ii) Group led by Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht ______________________ [1]
(iii) Political party led by Adolf Hitler ______________________ [1]
(iv) Group of ex-soldiers who took part in the Kapp Putsch ______________________ [1]
(v) Group of supporters of Hitler known as the Brownshirts ______________________ [1]
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(b) (i) Give one reason why the Munich Putsch failed.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(ii) Describe two effects of the Munich Putsch on Hitler and the Nazis between 1924 and 1928.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either The Treaty of Versailles and its effects; or The Rise of the Nazis, 1929–1933.
Either The Treaty of Versailles and its effects
(i) Why did many groups in Germany oppose the Treaty of Versailles?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How was Germany affected by the terms of the Treaty of Versailles?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
or The rise of the Nazis, 1929–1933
(i) Why did Germany suffer an economic depression after 1929?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How did each of the following help the Nazis to become the most popular political party in Germany by 1933?
• The response of the Weimar governments to the Depression, 1929–33.
• The actions of Hitler and the Nazis, 1929–33.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
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2 This question is about life in Nazi Germany.
(a) Below is a list of names associated with Nazi Germany, 1933–39:
Gestapo SS ConcentrationCamps
Autarky StrengthThrough Joy
Following the example given below, match each name to the correct description:
Autarky (i) Nazi policy of self-sufficiency ______________________
(ii) Nazi organisation set up to control people’s leisure time ______________________ [1]
(iii) Nazi secret police ______________________ [1]
(iv) Places where enemies of the Nazis were sent ______________________ [1]
(v) Hitler’s personal bodyguards ______________________ [1]
(b) (i) Give one method used by the Nazis to control young people in Germany between 1933 and 1939.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
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(ii) Describe two ways in which Nazi policies affected the lives of Jews in Germany between 1933 and 1939.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either Women and churches in Nazi Germany, 1933–1939; or Life of workers in Nazi Germany, 1933–1939.
Either Women and churches in Nazi Germany, 1933–1939
(i) Why did the Nazis want to control each of the following between 1933 and 1939?
• Women • Churches
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) What methods did the Nazis use to control each of the following between 1933 and 1939?
• Women • Churches
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
or Life of workers in Nazi Germany, 1933–1939
(i) Why did the number of unemployed people in Germany fall between 1933 and 1939?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How were the lives of workers in Germany affected by Nazi policies between 1933 and 1939?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
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3 This question is about Nazi policy towards Europe.
(a) Below is a list of terms associated with Nazi policy towards Europe between 1933 and 1941:
League of Nations
Chamberlain Sudetenland Von Ribbentrop
Appeasement
Following the example below, match each name to the correct description:
(i) German Foreign Minister in 1939 Von ribbentrop ______________________
(ii) British policy towards Germany from 1935 to 1939 ______________________ [1]
(iii) Organisation which Germany left in 1933 ______________________ [1]
(iv) Area of Czechoslovakia where many German speakers lived ______________________ [1]
(v) British Prime Minister who attended the Munich Conference ______________________ [1]
(b) (i) Give one of Hitler’s foreign policy aims from 1933 to 1941.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
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(ii) Describe two ways in which Hitler had built up Germany’s armed forces by 1935.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either The Rhineland and Austria; or Poland and Russia.
Either The rhineland and Austria
(i) Why did Hitler want to break the terms of the Treaty of Versailles which dealt with each of the following?
• The Rhineland • Austria
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How was Hitler able to break the terms of the Treaty of Versailles which dealt with each of the following?
• The Rhineland • Austria
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
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or Poland and russia
(i) Why did Hitler want to invade each of the following?
• Poland • Russia
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
[Turn over4340
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(ii) How was Hitler able to invade each of the following?
• Poland • Russia
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
End of Section A1 Germany c1918–c1941
15
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A2: russia c1914–c1941.
Answer any two questions.
You should spend about 30 minutes on each question.
4 This question is about the fall of Tsarism and the 1917 revolutions.
(a) Below is a list of names associated with the October Revolution:
Tauride Palace Smolny Institute
Kerensky Aurora Petrograd
Following the example below, match each name to the correct description:
(i) Ship that helped the Bolsheviks Aurora in the October Revolution ______________________
(ii) Headquarters of the Provisional Government in the October Revolution ______________________ [1]
(iii) Capital city of Russia in 1917 ______________________ [1]
(iv) Headquarters of the Bolsheviks in the October Revolution ______________________ [1]
(v) Leader of the Provisional Government in October 1917 ______________________ [1]
(b) (i) Give one event of the February Revolution of 1917.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
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(ii) Give two reasons why the Russian army was defeated in World War One.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either The Downfall of Tsar Nicholas II; or The Downfall of the Provisional Government.
Either The Downfall of Tsar Nicholas ii (i) Why were Tsarina Alexandra and Rasputin unpopular in Russia by
1916?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How did World War One affect the economy and the lives of peasants and city workers in Russia by 1916?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
or The Downfall of the Provisional Government
(i) Why did the weaknesses and mistakes of the Provisional Government lead to its downfall in October 1917?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How did the actions of Lenin and the Bolsheviks lead to the overthrow of the Provisional Government in October 1917?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
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5 This question is about russia after the revolution.
(a) Below is a list of names associated with the Civil War:
Tambov Greens Ekaterinburg France Kronstadt
Following the example below, match each name to the correct description:
(i) Country which sent troops against France the Bolsheviks in the Civil War ______________________
(ii) Naval base in Petrograd ______________________ [1]
(iii) Area where peasants rebelled against the Bolsheviks in the Civil War ______________________ [1]
(iv) The town where the Tsar and his family were killed in 1918 ______________________ [1]
(v) Non-Russian groups which fought against the Bolsheviks ______________________ [1]
(b) (i) Give one reason why War Communism was introduced in Russia in 1918.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
21 [Turn over4340
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(ii) Describe one effect of War Communism on the lives of each of the following:
• Peasants • Workers
Peasants ______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
Workers ______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [4]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either Bolshevik control and the Civil War; or The New Economic Policy.
Either Bolshevik control and the Civil War
(i) Why did the Red Army win the Civil War?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) What actions did the Bolsheviks take to keep control of Russia from the October Revolution until the outbreak of the Civil War?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
or The New Economic Policy
(i) Why was the New Economic Policy introduced by the Bolsheviks in 1921?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
23 [Turn over4340
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(ii) How did the New Economic Policy affect the lives of peasants and workers by 1924?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
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6 This question is about Stalinist russia.
(a) Below is a list of names associated with Stalin’s control of the USSR in the 1930s:
Kirov Mexico Gulags NKVD Purges
Following the example below, match each name to the correct description:
(i) Country where Trotsky was killed Mexico in 1939 ______________________
(ii) Labour camps where millions of Russians were sent in the 1930s ______________________ [1]
(iii) Leading Communist politician who was killed in 1934 ______________________ [1]
(iv) Killing of the main political and military leaders in the 1930s ______________________ [1]
(v) Secret police who carried out Stalin’s plans ______________________ [1]
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(b) (i) Give one reason why Stalin introduced the Five Year Plans in 1928.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(ii) Describe two effects of the Five Year Plans on Russia’s industry and the lives of workers by 1941.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either Collectivisation; or Stalin’s rise to power and relations with Germany.
Either Collectivisation
(i) Why did Stalin introduce Collectivisation of agriculture in 1929?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How did Collectivisation affect agriculture and the lives of peasants in the USSR by 1941?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
or Stalin’s rise to power and relations with Germany
(i) Why did relations between the USSR and Germany change between 1939 and 1941?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
27 [Turn over4340
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(ii) How and why did Stalin gain control of the USSR by 1929?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
End of Section A2 russia c1914–c1941
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A3: United States of America c1918–c1941.
Answer any two questions.
You should spend about 30 minutes on each question.
7 This question is about the main features of life in America in the 1920s.
(a) Below is a list of terms associated with the experiences of Black Americans and immigrants in the USA in the 1920s:
Clara Bow KKK Lynching Ghettos Rudolph Valentino
Following the example below, match each term to the correct description:
(i) Parts of cities where most Black Ghettos Americans and immigrants lived ______________________
(ii) Secret society that killed many Black Americans in the 1920s ______________________ [1]
(iii) Famous female star in the 1920s ______________________ [1]
(iv) Public hanging of Black Americans without trial ______________________ [1]
(v) Male film star who died in 1926 ______________________ [1]
29 [Turn over4340
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(b) (i) Give one reason why some Americans opposed jazz music in the 1920s.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(ii) Give two effects of the cinema on lifestyle in the USA in the 1920s.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either Prohibition; or The Economic Boom.
Either Prohibition
(i) Why did some Americans support and some oppose the introduction of Prohibition in 1920?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) What were the effects of Prohibition on life in the USA in the 1920s?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
or The Economic Boom
(i) Why did the USA experience an economic boom in the 1920s?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
31 [Turn over4340
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(ii) How did the economic boom affect the lives of Americans in the 1920s?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
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Examiner Only Marks Remark
8 This question is about the 1929 Wall Street Crash and the Depression.
(a) Below is a list of terms associated with the effects of the Depression:
Hawley-Smoot Act
Sharecroppers Overproduction The Bonus Army
Laissez Faire
Following the example below, match the term to the correct description:
(i) Tariffs on imports which doubled Hawley-Smoot Act in 1930 ______________________
(ii) Republican belief of no interference by the Federal government in the economy ______________________ [1]
(iii) Black farmers who worked in the cotton plantations in return for renting a small plot of land ______________________ [1]
(iv) Result of farmers producing more food than Americans could use ______________________ [1]
(v) A group of former soldiers who went to Washington to ask Hoover for help in 1932 ______________________ [1]
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(b) (i) Give one reason why farmers in the Mid-West experienced problems in the 1930s.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(ii) Describe two effects of the Depression on the lives of the unemployed in the 1930s.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either The Wall Street Crash; or Hoover and the Depression.
Either The Wall Street Crash
(i) Why did the Wall Street Crash take place in October 1929?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How did the Wall Street Crash lead to a collapse in the American economy by 1932?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
or Hoover and the Depression
(i) Why did Roosevelt defeat Hoover in the election for President in 1932?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
35 [Turn over4340
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(ii) How did Hoover deal with the effects of the Depression on industry and the unemployed?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
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9 This question is about roosevelt and the New Deal.
(a) Below is a list of terms associated with Roosevelt’s Hundred Days:
Beer Act Relief, Recovery and Reform
Fireside Chats
Emergency Banking Act
Civilian Works Administration
Following the example below, match each term to the correct description:
Emergency Banking Act (i) Plan to regulate banking ______________________
(ii) Law which ended Prohibition ______________________ [1]
(iii) Plan to offer emergency work to the unemployed ______________________ [1]
(iv) Roosevelt’s weekly radio broadcasts to the American people ______________________ [1]
(v) Roosevelt’s beliefs about dealing with the Depression ______________________ [1]
37 [Turn over4340
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(b) (i) Give one reason why unemployment in the USA decreased rapidly after 1939.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(ii) Give two actions taken by the Civilian Conservation Corps to improve conditions in the USA in the 1930s.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either Opposition to the New Deal; or The New Deal: Industry and Agriculture.
Either opposition to the New Deal
(i) Why did some groups in the USA oppose the New Deal?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How did some groups oppose Roosevelt’s New Deal between 1933 and 1939?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
or The New Deal: industry and Agriculture
(i) Why did employers and workers in the USA differ in their views towards Roosevelt’s New Deal agencies?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
39 [Turn over4340
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(ii) How did the New Deal agencies help agriculture and the problems faced by farmers and sharecroppers in the 1930s?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
End of Section A3 United States of America c1918–c1941
End of Section A
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Section B
Answer two questions from your chosen subject.
Either B1 Peace, War and Neutrality: Britain, Northern Ireland and Ireland and the Second World War c1932–c1949 page 40 to page 51
or B2 Changing Relationships: Britain, Northern Ireland and Ireland c1965–c1985 page 52 to page 63.
B1: Peace, War and Neutrality: Britain, Northern ireland and ireland and the Second World War c1932–c1949.
Answer any two questions.
You should spend about 30 minutes on each question.
10 This question is about Anglo-irish relationships before World War Two.
(a) Below is a list of words associated with Anglo-Irish relationships before World War Two:
Cobh Douglas Hyde LordCraigavon Dail Eireann Stormont
Following the example below, match each word to the correct description.
Cobh (i) One of the Treaty ports ______________________
(ii) Prime Minister of Northern Ireland in 1939 ______________________ [1]
(iii) First President of Eire ______________________ [1]
(iv) Location of the Northern Ireland Parliament ______________________ [1]
(v) Parliament of the Irish Free State ______________________ [1]
41 [Turn over4340
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(b) (i) Give one reason for the outbreak of the Economic War between Eire and Britain.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(ii) Describe two results of the end of the Economic War in 1938.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either The Years leading up to the outbreak of World War Two; or The Declaration of War.
Either The Years leading up to the outbreak of World War Two
(i) Why did Britain follow a policy of appeasement towards Hitler in the 1930s?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How did Britain and Northern Ireland prepare for war from 1938 onwards?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
or The Declaration of War
(i) Why did Britain declare war on Germany in 1939?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
43 [Turn over4340
Examiner Only Marks Remark
(ii) How did Northern Ireland and Eire respond to the outbreak of war in 1939?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
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11 This question is about the experience of and response to War.
(a) Below is a list of words associated with the experience of war:
Internment Local Defence Volunteers
Rationing Castle Archdale
Hitler
Following the example below, match each word to the correct description:
(i) Organisation which defended Local Defence Volunteers Eire ______________________
(ii) A means of controlling prices and supplies ______________________ [1]
(iii) A flying-boat base in Fermanagh ______________________ [1]
(iv) Leader of Germany during World War Two ______________________ [1]
(v) Measure introduced to control the activities of the IRA during World War Two ______________________ [1]
(b) (i) Give one example of how Eire followed a policy of neutrality during World War Two.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
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(ii) Describe one way in which each of the following in Northern Ireland helped the British war effort.
• Naval bases• Air bases
Naval bases ___________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
Air bases ______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either Preparations for War; or Experiences of War.
Either Preparations for War
(i) Why did some people support, and others oppose, the introduction of conscription in Northern Ireland?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How did Britain and Northern Ireland prepare to defend themselves against invasion?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
or Experiences of War
(i) Explain the effects of World War Two on the lives of people in Eire.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How did World War Two affect the lives of people in Northern Ireland?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
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12 This question is about Post-War relationships.
(a) Below is a list of names associated with post-war relations:
Sir Basil Brooke
Winston Churchill
Education Act
NationalHealth Service
LordBeveridge
Following the example below, match each name to the correct description:
(i) Northern Ireland Prime Minister Sir Basil Brooke in 1945 ______________________
(ii) British leader who criticised Eire’s neutrality ______________________ [1]
(iii) Gave free health care for all ______________________ [1]
(iv) Provided free secondary education ______________________ [1]
(v) His report helped to introduce the Welfare State ______________________ [1]
(b) (i)(b) (i) Give one reason why some people in Northern Ireland opposed the introduction of the Welfare State.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
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(ii) Give two ways in which living standards in Eire differed from those in Northern Ireland between 1945 and 1949.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either The Welfare State; or Relationships between Britain and Eire after World War Two.
Either The Welfare State
(i) Why did people in Britain and Northern Ireland support the introduction of the Welfare State?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How did the Welfare State change the lives of people in Britain and Northern Ireland?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
or relationships between Britain and Eire after World War Two
(i) Why did relations between Britain and Eire worsen in the years after World War Two?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How were relations between Britain, Northern Ireland and Eire affected by the Declaration of the Republic and the Ireland Act of 1949?
Britain and Northern Ireland ______________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
Britain and Eire ________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
Northern Ireland and Eire ________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
End of Section B1 Peace, War and Neutrality c1932–c1949
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B2: Changing relationships: Britain, Northern irelandand ireland c1965–c1985.
Answer any two questions.
You should spend about 30 minutes on each question.
13 This question is about Northern ireland in the 1960s.
(a) Below is a list of names associated with Northern Ireland in the 1960s.
People’s Democracy
Burntollet Caledon Unionist Party
Coleraine
Following the example below, match each name to the correct description:
(i) Housing protest was held here Caledon in 1968 ______________________
(ii) O’Neill was a member of this organisation ______________________ [1]
(iii) New university was set up here ______________________ [1]
(iv) Violence between civil rights marchers and their opponents took place here in January 1969 ______________________ [1]
(v) Bernadette Devlin was a leading member of this group ______________________ [1]
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(b) (i) Give one action taken by unionists to oppose O’Neill and his policies.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(ii) Describe how O’Neill tried to improve the Northern Ireland economy in the 1960s.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [4]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either O’Neill’s policies towards nationalists in Northern Ireland and the Irish Republic;
or Civil Rights marches.
Either relations with nationalists in Northern ireland and the republic of
ireland
(i) Why did many unionists oppose O’Neill’s attempts to improve relations with the Republic of Ireland?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) What actions did O’Neill take to improve relations with each of the following?
Nationalists in Northern Ireland ___________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
The Republic of Ireland _________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
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or Civil rights marches
(i) Why was the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association formed in 1967?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
(ii) In what ways did the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association and the People’s Democracy attempt to gain civil rights for people in Northern Ireland?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
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14 This question is about the prelude to Direct rule.
(a) Below is a list of names associated with Northern Ireland between 1969 and 1972.
The UDA Lord Hunt Brian Faulkner
Belfast Ian Paisley
Following the example below, match each name to the correct description:
(i) He released a report on policing Lord Hunt in Northern Ireland in 1969 ______________________
(ii) Violence broke out here in August 1969 ______________________ [1]
(iii) Prime Minister of Northern Ireland in 1972 ______________________ [1]
(iv) Became MP for North Antrim in 1970 ______________________ [1]
(v) Loyalist paramilitary organisation ______________________ [1]
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(b) (i) Give one reason for the introduction of internment in 1971.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(ii) Describe two ways in which nationalists in Northern Ireland responded to the introduction of internment.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either The breakdown of law and order and the increase in violence; or The IRA and new political parties.
Either The breakdown of law and order and the increase in violence
(i) Why did nationalists respond with anger to the events of Bloody Sunday?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How did violence increase in Northern Ireland during the summer of 1969?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
or The irA and new political parties
(i) Why did the Provisional IRA emerge in Northern Ireland between 1969 and 1970?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How and why did the following new political parties emerge in Northern Ireland between 1970 and 1972?
The Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) ______________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
The Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP) _____________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
The Alliance Party ______________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
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15 This question is about the search for a solution.
(a) Below is a list of names associated with Northern Ireland between 1972 and 1985:
Gerry Adams Hillsborough Margaret
ThatcherFermanagh-South Tyrone
The DUP
Following the example below, match each name to the correct description:
(i) Bobby Sands won an election Fermanagh-South Tyrone here in 1981 ______________________
(ii) British Prime Minister during the Hunger Strikes ______________________ [1]
(iii) The Anglo-Irish Agreement was signed here ______________________ [1]
(iv) Sinn Fein politician ______________________ [1]
(v) Political party which opposed the Anglo-Irish Agreement ______________________ [1]
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(b) (i)(b) (i) Give one reason why many unionists were against power-sharing.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(ii) Describe two methods used by unionists to oppose power-sharing.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either The Hunger Strikes; or Direct Rule.
Either The Hunger Strikes
(i) Why did republican prisoners go on hunger strike in 1980 and 1981?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How did nationalists and unionists respond to the Hunger Strike of 1981?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
or Direct rule
(i) Explain why the British government decided to introduce Direct Rule in Northern Ireland in 1972.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) In what ways did unionists and nationalists react to the introduction of Direct Rule to Northern Ireland in 1972?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
End of Section B2Changing relationships c1965–c1985
End of Section B
THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER
Examiner Only Marks Remark
