hitesh gupta ppt

7/27/2019 Hitesh Gupta Ppt

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PRESENTED BY:

HITESH GUPTA

th


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CONTENT

INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDEDSYSTEM

CHARACTERISTICS

MICROCONTROLLER PIC

HISTORY OF PIC

PIN DIAGRAM BLOCK DIAGRAM

APPLICATIONS


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Content Cont

OrCad

Orcad design flow

Orcad Capture(Schematic Design) Selecting footprints

Orcad layout plus

Task Involved in Layout Design

Layout


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Introduction

An embedded controller isa controller (or computer)that is embedded intosome device for some

purpose other than toprovide general purposecomputing


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Characteristics

Perform a single set of functions.

Works in a time constrained environment.

Provides high-performance and reliability

Mostly Embedded systems have low cost

because they are mass produced in millions.

Some Embedded systems have mechanical

moving parts like disk drives as they are lessreliable as compared to solid state parts suchas Flash memory.


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Introduction

Microcontrollers aresingle chip computer.

Peripheral InterfaceController fromMicrochip Technology


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History of PIC

The 8-bit PIC was developed in 1975 to improveperformance of the overall system

The Microchip 16C84 (PIC16x84), introduced in1993

It was called as a EPROM memory on a chip

It was refer as internal memory controller.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PIC16x84http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PIC16x84


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FEATURES OF PIC c

They are RISC processors and usesHarvard architecture.

Different bus widths of data andprogram memory.

Only 35 instructions.

Most instructions take 0.2 microsecondsto execute when operated at 20 MHz.

Instruction set is highly orthogonal.

1-3 Timers with 8/16 bit prescalar.

Watch Dog timer (WDT)


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13-33 I/O pins.

3-12 interrupt Sources.

4/8 Channel, 8 bit on chip ADC.

Power on Reset. (POR)

Brown out Reset (BOR).

Capture/Compare/ PWM modules.

USART

Synchronous serial port (SSP) withSPI and I2C.

Features Contd


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Microprocessorvs.Microcontroller


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DIFFERENCE BETWEEN P & C

CPU RAM ROM

I/O TIMER SERIAL

COM

PORT

CPU

General

purpose

uP

RAM ROM I/O TIMERSERIAL

COMPORT

Address Bus

Data Bus

Microprocessor Micro-controller

1. Contains no on chip RAM, ROM, I/O,

TIMER, Serial port .

1. Contains on chip RAM, ROM, I/O,

TIMER, Serial port .

2. Used in General Purpose applications 2. Used in Specific Purpose applications

3. Dont provide data storage facility. 3. Provides data storage facility.

4. The structure of uP is as given below 4. The structure of uC is as given below


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PIN DIAGRAM


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I/o Ports

Port A RA0 to RA4 ( 5 lines) (Address 05) RA4has alternate function. TRISA(85H)is SFR usedto configure these lines individually as either

inputs or outputs. Setting bit in TRIS willconfigure as input and 0 will configure asoutput.

Port BRB0 to RB7(8 lines).TRISBIt has weakinternal pull up which is to be enabled . PORdisables pull ups.


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BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PIC C


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PIC Architecture

ALU Size is 8 bit Performs operations withtemporary working register and (W register)and any register file.

W register8 bit wide. It contains one of sourceoperands during execution of instruction andmay serve as the destination for the result ofoperation. Used only for ALU operations.

STATUS Register

C = Carry Bit

DC = Digits Carry (Same as AC)


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Architecture Contd..

Z = Zero

TO = Reset status bit ( Time out bit)

PD = Reset status bit ( Power down)These bits

are used along with SLEEP mode. After comingout from SLEEP processor checks these bits todetermine which kind of event is responsiblefor bringing out of SLEEP mode.

RP0 = Register Bank Select bit.If 0 selectsbank 0 otherwise bank 1.


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Architecture Contd..

FSR Register (File Selection Register) FSR is apointer used for indirect memory addressing inthe whole register file. In indirect addressing

mode one has to write address byte in FSR andthen use INDF ( Indirect thro FSR).INDF isused in instruction.

PCLATH (PC Latch)

Can be independently read or written like anyother register.

Its different from PC and is separate entity.


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Applications

Telecom

Mobile phone systems (handsets and base stations), Modems,Routers

Automotive applicationsBraking systems, Traction control, Airbag release systems, Engine-

management units, Steer-by-wire systems, Cruise controlapplications

Domestic appliances

Dishwashers, Televisions, Washing machines, Microwave ovens,

Video recorders, Security systems, Garage door controllers,

Calculators, Digital watches, VCRs, Digital cameras, Remote

controls, Treadmills.

Robotic

Fire fighting robo, Automatic floor cleaner, Robotic arm


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Applications

Aerospace applicationsFlight control systems, Engine controllers, Autopilots, Passenger in-flight

entertainment systems

Medical equipmentAn aesthesia monitoring systems, ECG monitors, Pacemakers,

Drug delivery systems, MRI scanners

Defense systemsRadar systems, Fighter aircraft flight control systems, Radio systems,

Missile guidance systems

Office AutomationLaser printers, Fax machines, Pagers, Cash registers, Gas pumps,

Credit/Debit card readers, Thermostats, Grain analyzers


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OrCAD Layout

OrCADSmartroute

Or CAD


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Orcad design flow

Capture

Libraries

Footprintlibraries

Layout

Gerber

tools

Gerber

and drill

files

Gerber and

plotter

drawing


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Orcad Capture(Schematic Design)

Schematic diagram provides the functional flow and thegraphical representation of an electronic circuit


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Selecting footprints


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Orcad layout plus

PCB design environment for orcad design flow


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Task Involved in Layout Design

Design template selection

Selecting foot prints for different components

Setting up board parameters like

grid,place,layers etc. Placing parts using reconnect mode

Routing the pcb using online DRC

Copper pouring of entire design

Post processing and generation of gerber data


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LAYOUT


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hitesh gupta ppt

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