hiv and viral hepatitis local situation in puerto rico epidemiology...
TRANSCRIPT
HIV and Viral Hepatitis Local Situation in Puerto Rico
Epidemiology and Treatment
Jorge L Santana MD;FIDSA
Professor Medicine &Infectious Diseases
University Puerto Rico
School of Medicine
Disclosures
Disclosure of speaker’s interests
Relations that could be relevant to the
meetingCompany names
• Investigator initiated study grants,
speaker fees and honoraria
Gilead Sciences
ViiV Healthcare
AbbVie
Janssen
Merck Sharp & Dhome
Outline
• HIV Burden
• Hepatits B (limited data)
• Hepatitis C Stats, incidence , prevalence
Pilot Project mono and co infected treatment experience
• Polaris Observatory 2015-2030 Estimates
• Conclusions
HIV IN PUERTO RICO, 1980 – 2018*
0
2500
5000
7500
10000
12500
15000
17500
20000
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
Pre
va
len
ce o
f H
IV n
ot
AID
S, A
IDS
Ne
w H
IV d
iag
no
ses,
De
ath
s
Year
AIDS prevalence HIV not AIDS prevalence HIV not AIDS diagnoses49,424
Reported cases of HIV infection
(including AIDS)
1980-2018
29,176Number of deaths reported among PLWH by December
2018
677Number of children (0 - 12)
diagnosed with HIV infection1981 - 2018
18,360Number of people residing in
Puerto Rico by December 2018
Source: HIV/AIDS Surveillance System, Epidemiology Division, Puerto Rico Department of HealthNota: Data include persons diagnosed with HIV infection reported in Puerto Rico by December 2018.
Rates of Adults and Adolescents Living with Diagnosed HIV Infection, by Area of Residence, Year-end 2016—United States and 6 Dependent Areas
N = 1,006,691 Total Rate: 367.6
Rates of Diagnoses of HIV Infection among Adults and Adolescents, by Area of Residence, 2017 — United States and 6 Dependent Areas
N = 38,640 Total Rate: 14.0
Stage 3 (AIDS) Classifications among Adults and Adolescents with HIV Infection, by Area of Residence, Cumulative through 2017—United States and 6 Dependent
AreasN = 1,281,787
12th placeHIV diagnoses rates among adults and adolescents ≥13 years
in 2017 (15.4 per 100,000 population)
6th placeadults and adolescents living with diagnosed HIV infection in
2016 (572.6 per 100,000 population)
10th placehighest number of cumulative AIDS cases in 2017
According to the latest CDC report, Puerto Rico is one of the top ten states/territories with the highest
number of cumulative AIDS cases, and HIV prevalence.
HIV DIAGNOSES, PREVALENCE, AND CUMULATIVE AIDS CASES, BY AREA OF
RESIDENCE -UNITED STATES AND 6 DEPENDENT AREAS
Fuente: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV Surveillance Report, 2017; vol. 29. http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/library/reports/hiv-surveillance.html. Published November 2018. Accessed [11-15-2018].
ENDING THE HIV EPIDEMIC: A PLAN FOR AMERICA
Geography
New HIV diagnoses
2016-2017
Los Angeles County, CA 3,470Miami-Dade County, FL 2,427Harris County, TX 2,358
Cook County, IL 1,996
Dallas County, TX 1,659
Broward County, FL 1,416
Kings County, NY 1,220
Fulton County, GA 1,174
Maricopa County, AZ 1,048
Bronx County, NY 1,013
Puerto Rico 979Philadelphia County, PA 965Orange County, FL 934San Diego County, CA 907
Clark County, NV 902
Queens County, NY 898
New York County, NY 846
Bexar County, TX 723
Dekalb County, GA 689
Wayne County, MI 659
District of Columbia, DC 659
Orange County, CA 652
Hillsborough County, FL 622
Palm Beach County, FL 603Essex County, NJ 596Tarrant County, TX 592Duval County, FL 584
Riverside County, CA 574
Prince George's County, MD 563
Mecklenburg County, NC 534
San Francisco County, CA 513
Shelby County, TN 504
Alameda County, CA 475
Travis County, TX 465
Baltimore City, MD 464
Franklin County, OH 440
Orleans Parish, LA 435
King County, WA 434
San Bernardino County, CA 430
Marion County, IN 426
Montgomery County, MD 368
Cuyahoga County, OH 353
East Baton Rouge Parish, LA 352
Pinellas County, FL 335
Hamilton County, OH 330
Cobb County, GA 324
Hudson County, NJ 322
Sacramento County, CA 321
Suffolk County, MA 320
Gwinnett County, GA 312
Nearly a thousand cases of HIV infection were diagnosed during the 2016-2017 period in Puerto Rico.
Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Ending the HIV epidemic: A Plan For America http://www.hiv.gov. Published February 2019. Accessed [04/24/2019].
HEPATITIS BSituation in PR
Hepatitis B
• Very little data was available from the Dept. of Health in terms of Stats, incidence or prevalence
• Mandatory vaccination since the early 90`s make it very rare disease (85% compliance but in the last decade it has dropped to 77%)
• In 2015 29 cases of (acute) hepatitis B , 2016 – 17 cases, 2017 - 12 cases and in 2018 – 6 cases.
• All case were within 30-70 age group, no infants or adolescents
• Ref: WHO Health Guidance Report in the Americas 2016-17
• Dept of Health last minute data ; search may include suspecte or “no case”
HEPATITIS C Situation in PR
Epidemiology of Hepatitis C Puerto Rico
10
1. Kershenobich D, et al. Liver Int 2011;31 Suppl 2:18-29; 2. Perez CM, et al. BMC Infect Dis 2010;10:76;
3. Rodriguez-Perez F, et al. P R Health Sci J 2004;23:49–56; 4. Reyes JC, et al. J Urban Health
2006;83:1105-13.
Prevalence somewhat controversial; Reports : Puerto Rico 2.3%; San Juan 6.3% (dating back 8-14 years)
• Genotype Distribution: G1 (75-80%), G2 (12.1%), G3 (3.8%) y G4 (2%)
• Prevalence significantly higher in male (4.0%) female (1.0%)
• Prevalence of the infection PWID: 60-85%
• Isolated report in a sample in 2004: approximately 89,500 individuals with positive Ab for Hep. C
Estimated Viremia in the AMERICAS
Hepatitis B and C in the Spotlight. A public health response in the Americas, 2016. Washington, D.C. : PAHO; 2016
Surveillance System Reporting of Hepatitis C
in Puerto Rico: 2010 - 2015
Prevalence cases reported Hepatitis C to SurveillanceSystem per age group Puerto Rico, 2010-2015
Grupo de edad
Casos reportados
(sospechosos y
confirmados)
Prevalencia
(%)**
0-9 136 0.03
10-19 123 0.02
20-29 901 0.18
30-39 1,961 0.42
40-49 2,594 0.54
50-59 3,055 0.66
60+ 2,564 0.32
Total 11,334 0.31
**Se utilizó la población estimada para el año 2012 (población a mitad del periodo).
Nota: Incluye casos sospechosos y confirmados
Number of cases for Hepatitis C reported to theSurveillance System per year in males and females
Puerto Rico, 2010-2015
1451 1504
827
1588
2031
828
522 602
332
585735
329
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015**
Cas
os
rep
ort
ado
s
Año de reporte
Hombres Mujeres
Notas: Incluye casos sospechosos y confirmados Tasa hombre a mujer proporción 3:1
**Aún faltan casos por ser registrados en éste periodo
Number of cases for Hepatitis C reported to the SurveillanceSystem per year of report and age group Puerto Rico, 2010-
2015
0
200
400
600
800
1000
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015**
Cas
os
rep
ort
ado
s
Año de reporte
0-9 10-19 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60+
Notas: Incluye casos sospechosos y confirmados.
**Aún faltan casos por ser registrados en éste periodo.
Fiscal Planning Board (Economic Disaster)
Irma– MARIA (Natural Disaster)
Governor Forced Resignation (Political Disaster)
But then…The Disastrous 2016-2017,2019
Nightmare Began
Preliminary Report Dept. Health Hep. C PR 2017Suspicious, confirmed Ab
Personas reportadas con Hepatitis C en Puerto Rico, 2017
Sexo Número de casos Porciento
Hombres 911 72.50
Mujeres 333 26.50
Desconocido 12 1.00
Total 1,256 100.0
Grupo de edad Número de casos Porciento
0 - 14 12 0.96
15 - 19 7 0.56
20 - 24 22 1.75
25 - 29 29 2.31
30 - 34 51 4.06
35 - 39 113 9.00
40 - 44 117 9.32
45 - 49 136 10.83
50 - 54 200 15.92
55 - 59 181 14.41
60 - 64 151 12.02
>=65 222 17.68
Desconocido 15 1.19
Total 1,256 100.00
Región de salud Número de casos Porciento
Aguadilla 45 3.58
Arecibo 72 5.73
Bayamón 216 17.20
Caguas 195 15.53
Fajardo 63 5.02
Mayagüez 59 4.70
Metropolitana 295 23.49
Ponce 175 13.93
Desconocido 136 10.83
Total 1,256 100.00
Preliminary Report Dept. Health Hep. C 2017
Sexo Número de casos Porciento
Hombres 911 72.50
Mujeres 333 26.50
Desconocido 12 1.00
Total 1,256 100.0
Grupo de edad Número de casos Porciento
0 - 14 12 0.96
15 - 19 7 0.56
20 - 24 22 1.75
25 - 29 29 2.31
30 - 34 51 4.06
35 - 39 113 9.00
40 - 44 117 9.32
45 - 49 136 10.83
50 - 54 200 15.92
55 - 59 181 14.41
60 - 64 151 12.02
>=65 222 17.68
Desconocido 15 1.19
Total 1,256 100.00
Health Regions Number of cases %
Aguadilla 45 3.58
Arecibo 72 5.73
Bayamón 216 17.20
Caguas 195 15.53
Fajardo 63 5.02
Mayagüez 59 4.70
Metropolitana 295 23.49
Ponce 175 13.93
Desconocido 136 10.83
Total 1,256 100.00
Personas reportadas con Hepatitis C en Puerto Rico, 2017
Efforts 2 do something 2014-2015
• Expert panel appointed by Secretary of Health
• Establishment of national guidelines on management and treatment
• AASLD /IDSA guidance template utilized
• Pilot project started with 3 centers within the Immunology clinics both for mono as well as co infected individuals (San Juan, Ponce, Mayaguez)
• Bi-annual meetings to revise criteria, functions and performance requirements within the Pilot program
• In 2016 treatment criteria are expanded to include F1-F2 stages and the number of sites is increased to 5
Pilot Protocol Hepatitis C Mono-Infected Patients
CPTETS
Fiscal Situation 2015-16
PERFIL DE LOS CASOS MONO-INFECTADOS HC EN TRATAMIENTO Y QUE TERMINARON TRATAMIENTO AL 3 DE NOVIEMRE DE 2017
(n=40), PROYECTO PILOTO DE MANEJO Y TRATAMIENTO DE HEPATITIS C
SEXO
MUJERES (%) 1 (26%)
HOMBRE (%) 28 (74%)
EDAD (ANOS)
RANGO 38 - 73
PROMEDIO 54
REGIONES Y/O CENTROS CLINICOS ATORIZADOS (CCA) DONDE RECIBEN O RECIBIERON TRATAMIENTO
CPTET PONCE 12 (53%)
CPTET MAYAGEZ 11 (29%)
CPTET SAN JUAN 7 (18%)
GENOTIPOS TRATADOS
GENOTIPO 1 33 (81%)
GENOTIPO 2 01 (3%)
GENOTIPO 3 05 (13%)
GENOTIPO 4 01 (3%)
PORCENTAJE DE FALLOS VIROLOGICOS DOCUMENTADOS AL MOMENTO 00 (0%)
DAA AVAILABLE AT PUERTO RICO DRUG FORMULARY INCLUDING ADAP
SOFOSBUVIR
LEDIPASVIR/SOFOSBUVIR
ELBASVIR/GRAZOPAVIR
DACLATASVIR
DASABUVIR/OMBITASVIR/
PARITAPREVIR/RITONAVIR
SOFOSBUVIR/VELPATASVIR
GLECAPREVIR/PIBRENTASVIRSOFOSBUVIR/VELPATASVIR/
VOXILAPREVIR
PROTOCOLO PACIENTES HEPATITIS C MONO-INFECTADOS EN LAS CPTETS AÑO FISCAL 2015-16
CPTET
Se
xo
Iniciales/Ultimos
4 del Seguro
Social
1er. Mes 2do. Mes 3er. Mes 4to. Mes 5to. Mes 6to. Mes
Du
raci
ón
de
Tra
tam
ien
to
(se
ma
na
s)
Comentarios
Ha
rvo
ni
Da
kli
nza
60
mg
So
vald
i
Rib
avi
rin
Vie
kir
a
Ze
pa
tie
r
Ha
rvo
ni
Da
kli
nza
60
mg
So
vald
i
Rib
avi
rin
Vie
kir
a
Ze
pa
tie
r
Ha
rvo
ni
Da
kli
nza
60
mg
So
vald
i
Rib
avi
rin
Vie
kir
a
Ze
pa
tie
r
Ha
rvo
ni
Da
kli
nza
60
mg
So
vald
i
Rib
avi
rin
Vie
kir
a
Ze
pa
tie
r
Ha
rvo
ni
Da
kli
nza
60
mg
So
vald
i
Rib
avi
rin
Vie
kir
a
Ze
pa
tie
r
Ha
rvo
ni
Da
kli
nza
60
mg
So
vald
i
Rib
avi
rin
Vie
kir
a
Ze
pa
tie
r
Ponce M MCA-5331 1 1 1 1 1 1 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
Ponce M MRM-4223 1 1 1 1 1 1 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
Ponce M RTC-7578 1 1 1 1 1 1 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
Ponce F RCL-2472 1 1 1 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
Ponce M OGR-2944 1 1 1 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
Ponce F SRL-5738 1 1 1 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
Ponce M MAN-6068 1 1 1 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
Ponce M MVJ-2962 1 1 1 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
Ponce M LLE-8164 1 1 1 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
Ponce M LOF-4168 1 1 1 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
Ponce M ADC-3642 12
Ponce M VLR-7950 12
PROTOCOLO PACIENTES HEPATITIS C MONO-INFECTADOS EN LAS CPTETS AÑO FISCAL 2015-16
CPTET
Se
xo
Iniciales/Último
s 4 del Seguro
Social
1er. Mes 2do. Mes 3er. Mes 4to. Mes 5to. Mes 6to. Mes
Du
raci
ón
de
Tra
tam
ien
to
(se
ma
na
s) Comentarios
Ha
rvo
ni
Da
kli
nza
60
mg
So
vald
i
Rib
avi
rin
Vie
kir
a
Ze
pa
tie
r
Ha
rvo
ni
Da
kli
nza
60
mg
So
vald
i
Rib
avi
rin
Vie
kir
a
Ze
pa
tie
r
Ha
rvo
ni
Da
kli
nza
60
mg
So
vald
i
Rib
avi
rin
Vie
kir
a
Ze
pa
tie
r
Ha
rvo
ni
Da
kli
nza
60
mg
So
vald
i
Rib
avi
rin
Vie
kir
a
Ze
pa
tie
r
Ha
rvo
ni
Da
kli
nza
60
mg
So
vald
i
Rib
avi
rin
Vie
kir
a
Ze
pa
tie
r
Ha
rvo
ni
Da
kli
nza
60
mg
So
vald
i
Rib
avi
rin
Vie
kir
a
Ze
pa
tie
r
Mayaguez M DGG-4645 1 2 1 2 1 1 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
Mayaguez M SRD-7437 1 2 1 2 1 1 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
Mayaguez M CSN-1696 1 2 1 2 1 1 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
Mayaguez M MMF-8807 1 2 1 2 1 2 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
Mayaguez M RME-8556 1 2 1 2 1 2 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
Mayaguez F NQN-2991 1 2 1 2 1 2 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
Mayaguez F UPG-1605 1 1 1 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
Mayaguez M MAI-9577 1 1 1 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
Mayaguez M HMM-2095 1 1 1 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
Mayaguez M OSE-8503 1 1 1 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
Mayaguez F DD-0858 1 1 1 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
Mayaguez M VMC-6777 16
Mayaguez M VRS-1510 12
Mayaguez M RCE-9689 12
PROTOCOLO PACIENTES HEPATITIS C MONO-INFECTADOS EN LAS CPTETS AÑO FISCAL 2015-16
CPTET
Se
xo
Iniciales/
Ultimos 4 del
Seguro Social
1er. Mes 2do. Mes 3er. Mes 4to. Mes 5to. Mes 6to. Mes
Du
raci
ón
de
Tra
tam
ien
to
(se
ma
na
s) ComentariosH
arv
on
i
Da
kli
nza
60
mg
So
vald
i
Rib
avi
rin
Vie
kir
a
Ze
pa
tie
r
Ha
rvo
ni
Da
kli
nza
60
mg
So
vald
i
Rib
avi
rin
Vie
kir
a
Ze
pa
tie
r
Ha
rvo
ni
Da
kli
nza
60
mg
So
vald
i
Rib
avi
rin
Vie
kir
a
Ze
pa
tie
r
Ha
rvo
ni
Da
kli
nza
60
mg
So
vald
i
Rib
avi
rin
Vie
kir
a
Ze
pa
tie
r
Ha
rvo
ni
Da
kli
nza
60
mg
So
vald
i
Rib
avi
rin
Vie
kir
a
Ze
pa
tie
r
Ha
rvo
ni
Da
kli
nza
60
mg
So
vald
i
Rib
avi
rin
Vie
kir
a
Ze
pa
tie
r
CLET F GOI-1658 1 2 1 2 1 1 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
CLET M DGD-8928 1 1 1 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
CLET F RMC-0466 1 1 1 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
CLET M VOM-0089 1 1 1 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
CLET F MFP-8152 1 1 1 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
CLET M DFN-2456 1 1 1 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
CLET M RRC-4635 1 2 1 2 1 2 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
CLET F MDL-3821 1 1 12
CLET M CMR-7682 1 2 1 2 1 2 COMPLETARON TRATAMIENTO 12
CLET M PNC-0611 1 2 12
CLET M PNJ-8462 1 12
CLET M CRJ-0236 1 12
CLET M GVV-2294 1 2 12
TOTAL 22 3 5 22 2 5 20 3 5 18 2 3 20 3 5 14 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
65,78
34,21
Monoinfected HCV Patients Refered to Clinical Centers Pilot Project
OCASET from September 1st 2015 until March 30th 2017 *
Terminaron TX 65.78%(n=25)
En Tratamiento 34.21% (n=13)
• Actualización a Marzo 2017
• Iniciaron tratamiento con medicamentos un total de 40 pacientes mono-infectados
Evaluados por los médicos tratantes de hepatitis C.
De estos 40 pts. un total los 40 pacientes completaron el tratamiento.
De los 40 pts que iniciaron tratamiento, 10 son féminas y 30 varones.
28 pacientes Genotipo 1a.
5 paciente genotipo 1b.
5 pacientes Genotipo 3.
1 paciente genotipo 2.
1 paciente genotipo 4.
13 pacts. F4 con Cirrosis.16 pacts. F4 sin Cirrosis.10 pacts. F3.1 pct. Sin estadio de Fibrosis porque es Post-trasplantado.
Pilot Protocol Hepatitis CCo infected Patients CPTETS
Fiscal Year 2015-18
PROFILE OF HIV/HCV CASES REFERRED TO PILOT PROJECT SEPTEMBER 2015 TO MARCH 2018 (n = 323)
MEAN AGE
52 Y/O
TREATMENT-NAÏVE
233(72%)
TREATMENT-EXPERIENCED
90 (28%)
FEMALE
77 (24%)
MALE
24 (7%)
PREFERRED REGION OF TREATMENT
BAYAMON: 14 (4%)
CAGUAS: 41 (13%)
PONCE: 53 (16%)
MAYAGUEZ: 25 (8%)
SAN JUAN: 190 (59%)
MEAN
APRI
1.41
62%
F3 TO F4 STAGE
MEAN HCV RNA VIRAL LOAD
8,509,092
FIBROSIS STAGE HIV/HCV CASES
8% 6%
24%
15%
47%
0
10
20
30
40
50
F0 F1 F2 F3 F4
DISTRIBUTION OF GENOTYPE IN HIV/HCV CO-INFECTED CASES (n = 323)
254 (79%)190/254 (75%)
ARE SUBTYPE 1A
27 (8%)
30 (9%)
8 (2%) 4 (1%)
GENOTYPE 1
GENOTYPE 2
GENOTYPE 3
GENOTYPE 4
GENOTYPE 5
GENOTYPE 6
NO AVAILABLE
OVERALL RESULTS BY MARCH 2018
68%
(183/270)
•COMPLETE DAA
REGIMEN
72%
(132/183)
•SOFOSBUVIR BASED DAA REGIMEN UTILIZATION
97%
(180/183)
• SUCCESFUL RATE (SVR)
Puerto Rico Hepatitis C Estimates 2014-2035
Overall Projections
Polaris Observatory
The Road to Elimination by 2030
WHO Global Hepatitis Report, 2017. Accessible at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/255016/1/9789241565455-eng.pdf?ua=1 (accessed May, 2017).
Global Health Sector Strategy on viral hepatitis: 2015 baseline towards the 2030 targets
Observations
• The Base scenario describes the disease burden at the time of country meetings.
• The Base 2015 scenario describes the disease burden using the 2015 treatment paradigm.
• Actual treated patients in the 2015 were the number of treated patients between Jan-June of 2015. This value was multiplied by two to get an estimate for a full year.
• The WHO Target scenario describes the integrated healthcare strategy proposed by World Health Organization which includes:
a) 90% reduce in new infections,
b) 90% increase in diagnosis rate,
c) 80% treatment eligibility, and
d) 65% reduction in HCV mortality in 2030, compared to base in 2030.
Polaris Observatory, 2017WHO. Global Health Sector Strategies for Viral Hepatitis, 2016-2021, 22 April 2016
Puerto Rico Hepatitis C Estimates 2014-2035
Puerto Rico Hepatitis C Estimates 2014-2035
Puerto Rico Hepatitis C Estimates 2014-2035
Puerto Rico Hepatitis C Estimates 2014-2035
Puerto Rico Hepatitis C Estimates 2014-2035
Puerto Rico Hepatitis C Estimates 2014-2035
Conclusions: (Politically correct)
• Engagement from country, civil society, sponsor donors and policymakers is needed to generate political will and commitment, mobilize resources and reduce diagnostic and medicine costs.
• Countries should estimate resources required to implement HCV prevention, screening and treatment strategies and their expected health, societal, and financial benefits to reach domestic and international funding.
• Development of HCV prevention, screening, treatment and strategic matrix into well established HIV/AIDS programs for financial and infrastructure work-force efficiencies is a must.
• New and short duration regimens of DAA have the potential to facilitate treatment and improve outcomes
Conclusions: (Politically incorrect)
• We have the knowledge
• We have the tools, strategies and modelling planning
• There is an established infrastructure of care for HIV that can be utilized in many places
• Prices have gone down and or generics are becoming available
• We need to stop BUREACRACY within states and countries.
• There is and will never be Universal Pricing for drugs
• Governments will need to develop and implement sensible programs
• We need social, political, patient advocacy, cultural mingle and a “Will” to execute…
“The moment is now, stop the excuses”
Acknowledgements
• Dra. Celeste Rodriguez Ryan White ADAP
• Dra. Norma Delgado Ryan White ADAP
• Dr. Geronimo Torres OCASET Dept. Salud
• Sra. Sandra Miranda MPH; Dept. Salud
• Dr. Hermes Garcia CLETS/OCASET
• Dr. Greduvel Duran OCASET Dept Salud
• Srta. Nilsa Martinez UDH Salud
GRACIAS