HIV/AIDS Prevention inthe Infrastructure Sector

14 March 2008

Sector Strategy Development Department, Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC)

Japanese ODA Loan Brief

• ODA loan commitments of 2006, approx.US$ 6.5billion

• About one third of the total ODA Loan was provided to the transportation sector

• Provided mainly to Asia 84%, Africa 13%

100

200

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400

500

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900

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

0%

20%

40%

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80%

100%

Flood Control, Irrigation TransportationElectric Power EnvironmentEducation, Health OthersRatio of Asia

Trend in Japan’s Loan Assistance and Transportation Sector

(Fiscal Year)

(Billion Yen)

JBIC’s Response to HIV/AIDSin Infrastructure Projects

2001 HIV/AIDS prevention program implemented at Sihanoukville Port Urgent Rehabilitation Project (Cambodia) as a first pilot response for JBIC-funded infrastructure projects

2004 HIV/AIDS Prevention conducted in the Second Mekong International Bridge Construction Project (Thailand, Lao PDR)

March 2005 HIV/AIDS clauses incorporated in the sample bidding document for civil works to be used for JBIC-funded projects

August 2006at International AIDS Conference

Signed, with five other donors, the Joint Initiative for the Infrastructure Sector to Mitigate the Spread of HIV/AIDS

August 2007 Joint Presentation on Infrastructure, Mobility and AIDS with ADB in the High Level Meeting at the 8th ICAAP

Present HIV/AIDS prevention programs/components included in about 40 ongoing and approved infrastructure projects

Status of the Projects with HIV/AIDS Prevention

• Completed Projects

1. Sihanoukville Port Urgent Rehabilitation Project (Cambodia)2. The Second Mekong Int’l Bridge Construction Project (Thailand and Lao PDR) 3. Delhi Mass Transportation Project (V ） (India) →continued in the next phase

• On-going

1. O Mon Thermal Power Plant and Mekong Delta Transmission Network Project (Vietnam)2. Sondu/Miriu Hydropower Project (II) (Kenya)

• Under preparation and agreed projects & projects to be approve in the fiscal year 2007

Over 50 projects

Examples of JBIC’s HIV/AIDS Programsin Infrastructure Projects

Project 1. The Second Mekong Int’l Bridge Construction Project

2. Delhi Mass Transportation Project

Country Thailand / Lao PDR India Project Loan Amount

(approx.)USD　 70 M USD　 1480 M

Number of Workers 1,344 More than 3,000Program Period 2004-(Ongoing in Lao) Jan - Sept 2005

Funding Sources Japan Trust Fund at International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF)

DMRC’s own fund

Program Executor PPAT (IPPF JTF-funded)Local health authorities

Modicare Foundation　 (Local NGO)

Program Objective To improve awareness and promote behavior change to prevent HIV/AIDS/ Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)

Target Groups - Construction workers - Health care providers- Community population- Commercial Sex Workers (CSWs)

- Construction Workers

Key Challenges

Challenges at Entry How challenges were overcome

Achievements

-Importance of the program not fully recognized by infrastructure agencies (why needed? why us?)

-Contents and implementing mechanism of the program not duly articulated

-Experiences and expertise not sufficient in EAs/contractors

- Funding sources not fully secured

-Continuing dialogues with EA to generate their buy-in and commitment

-Creating catalytic environment among different partners by:

(i) linking concerned ministries and other partners (health depts., contractors, NGOs, donors.);

(ii) aligning interests, funds, and expertise of different players

-Strong commitment and leadership of EA management and staff shown

-Capacity of local NGOs and EA for planning and implementation utilized

-EAs’ own budget/ donor fund arranged

- Contractors/ consultants awareness and commitment raised

Issues Concerned in JBIC

Implementation & Coordination Structure and Function of Each Stakeholder; Government counterparts/consultants of civil work/contractors/local

health authorities/ or NGOs (contract-out)

Standardized Process to Formulate the Programs;

Cost of the Programs (who will bear the cost?); Gov .counterparts/ from the Loan/JBIC/other financial resources

Program Activities;Beyond prevention (testing, treatment, care) , other health co

mponents (i.e.,TB), referral, minimum package

Evaluation and Lessons Learned; Sustainability and Replicability of the Efforts

Role and capacity of the JBIC field offices and coordination with HQs;

Efforts made so far

• Commitment of Gov counterpart (i.e., India) for funding & seeking for possible funding sources (i.e., IPPF Japan Trust Fund)

• Efforts on standardized procedure and program activity

• Information-sharing and communication among field offices and HQs

Aid Harmonization

• HIV/AIDS prevention measures in the infrastructure/transport projects

(not only on policy and strategy aspect but also on technical aspect)

→Standardized process to formulate the HIV/AIDS program

→The minimum package of the HIV/AIDS activities

→Simple and standardized monitoring and evaluation tools and mechanism

Aid Harmonization

• Joint HIV/AIDS program formulation, monitoring and evaluation with JI Partners, i.e., in the co-financed projects with ADB or AfDB.

• Cooperating with JI partners on policy discussion with Gov counterparts to streamline the HIV/AIDS prevention in infrastructure

• Assisting Gov counterparts for possible funding, i.e., Global Fund