holistic environmental and energy management of buildings · 2009. 1. 5. · holistic environmental...
TRANSCRIPT
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Dr. Marcus Keane, Department of Civil Engineering, NUIG.
Holistic Environmental and Energy Holistic Environmental and Energy
Management of BuildingsManagement of Buildings
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Dr. Marcus Keane
Presentation Outline
1. Problems of the industry and related needs
2. Our proposed solution:
• 2.1. Building Information Model [BIM] based
Performance Framework
• 2.2. BIM and Data Warehouse
• 2.3. BIM and Energy Simulation Models
• 2.4. How do they all work together?
3. The benefits of our technology:
• 3.1. Monitor Building Performances (Building PI)
• 3.2 Optimise Building Operation Strategy (Key
Factors Methodology)
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Dr. Marcus Keane
1. Problems of the industryand related needs
• The man problem is that Building are consuming to much Energy:
• Energy Managers do not have tools that can help them in benchmarking and evaluating the performance of the buildings they
control.
SOURCE of this graph: US - Building Energy Data Book 2007
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Dr. Marcus Keane
2.1 BIM based Performance Framework
• Develop a complete standardised Building Information Model for a given building, that supports life cycle best practice
environmental and energy management & energy performance
evaluation.
IFCGeometry
& Construction
ArchiCAD
DDS-CAD
PF-Tool
Building, Zone, Wall, Window…
Pump, Coil, Pipe, Manifold…
Temperature, Flow, Lighting level…
•Every building component is defined as an object
•The relationship between different objects are identified
PO – Performance objective (e.g. Monitor, Minimise, Maximise)
PM – Performance metric(e.g. Room temperature, Underfloor heating energy provided, heat pump COP)
Data streams required to underpin the selected
framework
Drives
The choice of PO and PM
HVAC systems
Sensors &
Meters
PF
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ol
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Dr. Marcus Keane
2.1.1 BIM - Geometry & Construction
• With this process all the geometrical components of the
building are defined in the IFC
and this is the first step of the
BIM.
• Walls, slabs and roofs are defined with their constructions and
related materials are defined with
their properties. In particular:
� λ - Thermal Conductivity [W/(m*K)]
� cp - Heat Capacity [kJ/(kg*K)]
� δ - Density [kg/m3]
• Windows and doors are defined too.
IFCGeometry
&
ConstructionArchiCAD
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Dr. Marcus Keane
2.1.2 BIM - HVAC systems
• With this process all the HVAC components are instantiated
and saved in the IFC file
enriching the information of the
geometry.
IFC
DDS-CADHVAC
systems
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Dr. Marcus Keane
2.1.3 BIM - Sensors, Meters and Performance Framework•Once the Geometry and the HVAC objects HAVE been defined in the IFC file, this process associates to each object we wish one or more:
» PO – Performance objective (e.g. Monitor, Minimise, Maximise)
» PM – Performance metric (e.g. Room temperature, Underfloorheating energy provided, heat pump COP)
•Also all sensors and meters required to provide the datum streams required for the Performance Framework will be instatiated in the IFC file.
IFC
PF-ToolSensors
&
Meters
PF
-To
ol
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Dr. Marcus Keane
Performance Framework Tool (PFT)
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Dr. Marcus Keane
2.2 BIM and Data Warehouse
• Develop a robust and reliable Data Warehouse, able to store the data streams measured, aggregate and represent different
views of the data, as defined in the BIM
Fact Data
Dimensional Data
IFC
Aggregated Data
Hand held device
PC application
(Building PITM)
*.csv
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Dr. Marcus Keane
2.3 BIM and Energy Simulation Models
ArchiCAD IDFGenerator
GST
Solibri
*.ifc EnergyPlus*.idf
IfcExplorer IDFConverter
*.gst
*.ifc
*.idf
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2.4 How do they all work together?
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Dr. Marcus Keane
3.1 Benefits of our technology:Building PI
Screen 1: NavigationScreen 1: Navigation
TreeTree
Additional Information Selections:
Analysis Time Period
Individual Performance Metric
Selection
Report Writing
NavigationNavigation
Interconnected
Zone Performance Table
System Performance Table
Schematics
Master Tree
View of All
Environmental
and Energy
Performance
Objects
ScenariosScenarios
Scenario
Selection
Screen 2: Holistic Performance ApprasialScreen 2: Holistic Performance Apprasial
Panel 1Panel 1 Panel 2Panel 2
Panel 3Panel 3 Panel 4Panel 4
Performance Aspect:
Design and Actual ‘
Z1-2:Gymnasium’
Temperature
Performance Aspect:
Design and Actual
Fabric Gains
Performance Aspect:
Design and Actual
AHU Supply Temperature
Performance
Cooling Coil Energy
Consumption
Performance Aspect:
Design and Measured
Chiller Electricity
Consumption
Ventilation
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Dr. Marcus Keane
The Key factors (Kf) methodology proposes to optimise the value of the operation
strategy factors (e.g. Set point temperature) focusing on their relationship with
energy consumption and comfort of the occupants.
To support the decision making process in relation to the building operation
strategy choices (throughout the BLC).
• Assuming:
� Building dynamic energy simulation models can be calibrated and can be considered robust and reliable;
� Meters, sensors and actuators are available and extensively adopted in the building considered.
3.2 Benefits of our technology:Key Factors Methodology
Once all the possible ranges are decided for
each Kf, different simulations are run through
the energy simulation model and for each of
them 2 outputs are considered:
• Energy performance
• Thermal comfort
This tool may be an option for the
implementation
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Dr. Marcus Keane
- Demonstrator Building – ERI – Environmental Research Institute
1040 m3/a (2007)Consumption of water
15730 m3/a (2007)
173000 kWh/a
Consumption of gas
338000 kWh/a (2007)Consumption of electricity
2600 m2 caNet Floor Area
Offices and LaboratoriesUse
2005Year of construction
University College CorkOwner
Measured data for the minimal data set:
-Overall consumptionOverall consumptionOverall consumptionOverall consumption (Gas, Electricity,
Water);
-Weather Weather Weather Weather (Outdoor Air Temperature,
Relative Humidity, Solar Radiation);
-Indoor conditionsIndoor conditionsIndoor conditionsIndoor conditions (Indoor Air
Temperature, Relative humidity);
-System System System System (Flow and return temperature of
underfloor heating circuit and AHU
heating coil);
The systems:
-88 kW Heat Pump with aquifer open 88 kW Heat Pump with aquifer open 88 kW Heat Pump with aquifer open 88 kW Heat Pump with aquifer open
looplooplooploop
-163 kW Gas Fired Boiler163 kW Gas Fired Boiler163 kW Gas Fired Boiler163 kW Gas Fired Boiler
-4 4 4 4 AHUsAHUsAHUsAHUs for mechanical ventilation of for mechanical ventilation of for mechanical ventilation of for mechanical ventilation of
some zones (incorporating thermal some zones (incorporating thermal some zones (incorporating thermal some zones (incorporating thermal
wheel heat recovery section)wheel heat recovery section)wheel heat recovery section)wheel heat recovery section)
-Solar collectors (evacuated tube and Solar collectors (evacuated tube and Solar collectors (evacuated tube and Solar collectors (evacuated tube and
flat plate) for DHW and preflat plate) for DHW and preflat plate) for DHW and preflat plate) for DHW and pre----heat of heat of heat of heat of
heat pump aquifer loopheat pump aquifer loopheat pump aquifer loopheat pump aquifer loop
-6 heat pumps (2,2 kW) for cold rooms6 heat pumps (2,2 kW) for cold rooms6 heat pumps (2,2 kW) for cold rooms6 heat pumps (2,2 kW) for cold rooms
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Dr. Marcus Keane
Thank you