holly t. renzhofer, m.a., gary t. deimling, ph.d., sherri p. brown, m.s
DESCRIPTION
How Self-Reported Disability and Functional Limitations Influence Older, Adult Long-Term Cancer Survivors’ Body Satisfaction and Continuity of Self. Holly T. Renzhofer, M.A., Gary T. Deimling, Ph.D., Sherri P. Brown, M.S. and Cory E. Cronin, M.H.A. Department of Sociology - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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How Self-Reported Disability and Functional Limitations Influence Older, Adult Long-Term
Cancer Survivors’ Body Satisfaction and Continuity of Self
Holly T. Renzhofer, M.A., Gary T. Deimling, Ph.D., Sherri P. Brown, M.S.
and Cory E. Cronin, M.H.A. Department of Sociology
Case Western Reserve University
Cancer Survivor’s Research ProjectFunded by the National Cancer Institute, R01-CA-78975
Presented at the 35th Annual Ohio Professional and Student Conference on Aging, Columbus, Ohio, April15, 2011
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Goal of Study
• To examine the association of cancer survivors’ reports of disability and functional limitations with body satisfaction, continuity of self and health-related stigma in older long-term adult cancer survivors.
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Introduction
• “The increased prevalence of limitations in long-term survivors was not linked to one cancer site or stage at diagnosis, but rather seemed to be a general phenomenon” (Sweeny et al 2006: 528).
• Cancer is an important cause of disability (Hewitt et al. 2003).
• “Disability among cancer survivors appears to be most pronounced in the area of physical functioning” (Hewitt et al. 2003: 86).
• The accuracy of self-reported disability is the same for both men and women (Merrill et al. 1997).
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Introduction
• Some patients my feel “stigmatised, ashamed, depressed, anxious and angry” about their disease experience (Else-Quest et al. 2009: 962)
• Body image dissatisfaction is a frequent side effect of both cancer and its treatment (DeFrank et al. 2007).
• Self-continuity plays an important role, and alienation may result when survivors are unable to establish a sense of self continuity (Little et al. 2002).
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Research Questions
• If survivors have a greater number of functional limitations, are they more likely to have lower body satisfaction, lower continuity of self, and higher levels of stigma?
• If survivors consider themselves disabled, are they more likely to have lower body satisfaction, lower continuity of self, and a higher level of stigma?
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Sample
• Longitudinal study (6 waves)
• Sample of 321 cancer survivors– randomly selected from a tumor registry in Cleveland, OH– survivors of breast, colorectal, or prostate cancer – aged 60+ years– diagnosed a minimum of five years, at study enrollment
– 59.2% female and 40.8% male– 37.7% African American and 62.3% Whites– 41.4% breast cancer, 29.9% colorectal cancer, and 28.7%
prostate cancer
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Measures• Functional Difficulty
– Nagi (1976) Activities Scale – Range = 0-25
• Perceived Disability– Single-item, ECRC Burden of Disability Scale– Range = 0-4
• Stigma– Single-item, ECRC Burden of Disability Scale– Range = 0-4
• Body Satisfaction – Single-item– Range = 0-4
• Self-Continuity– 2-item scale (alpha = .64)– Range = 2-10
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Functional Difficulties
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Perceived Disability
*The items much and very much were combined
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Perceived Stigma
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Body Satisfaction
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Continuity of Self
*Cancer survivors who reported neither agree or disagree were excluded in the above bar chart
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Full Correlation Model
FUNCTIONAL DIFFICULTY
DISABILITY
-.26**
.59*
*
-.19**
-.06
.131
*
-.01
.11
.18**
BODY SATISFACTIO
N
SELF-CONTINUITY
STIGMA
-.10.13*
-.02
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Correlation Summary: Functional Difficulty & Disability
FUNCTIONAL DIFFICULTY
DISABILITY
-.26**
.59*
*
-.19**
-.06
.131
*
-.01
.11
.18**
BODY SATISFACTIO
N
SELF-CONTINUITY
STIGMA
-.10.13*
-.02
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Correlation Summary: Functional Difficulty & Stigma
FUNCTIONAL DIFFICULTY
DISABILITY
-.26**
.59*
*
-.19**
-.06
.131
*
-.01
.11
.18**
BODY SATISFACTIO
N
SELF-CONTINUITY
STIGMA
-.10.13*
-.02
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Correlation Summary: Functional Difficulty & Body Satisfaction
FUNCTIONAL DIFFICULTY
DISABILITY
-.26**
.59*
*
-.19**
-.06
.131
*
-.01
.11
.18**
BODY SATISFACTIO
N
SELF-CONTINUITY
STIGMA
-.10.13*
-.02
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Correlation Summary:Disability & Body Satisfaction
FUNCTIONAL DIFFICULTY
DISABILITY
-.26**
.59*
*
-.19**
-.06
.131
*
-.01
.11
.18**
BODY SATISFACTIO
N
SELF-CONTINUITY
STIGMA
-.10.13*
-.02
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Correlation Summary:Body Satisfaction & Self-Continuity
FUNCTIONAL DIFFICULTY
DISABILITY
-.26**
.59*
*
-.19**
-.06
.131
*
-.01
.11
.18**
BODY SATISFACTIO
N
SELF-CONTINUITY
STIGMA
-.10.13*
-.02
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Conclusion• Functional difficulties and perceived disability are
strongly correlated. • Functional difficulty and stigma have a weak but
significant correlation, but perceived disability and stigma are not significantly correlated.
• Functional difficulty and perceived disability show a relatively weak but significant correlation to body satisfaction.
• Neither functional difficulty or perceived disability show a correlation with self-continuity.
• Identity factors are weakly correlated and generally not significant.
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References• DeFrank, J.T., Mehta C.B.C., Stein, K.D., and Frank Baker. 2007. “Body
Image Dissatisfaction in Cancer Survivors.” Oncology Nursing Forum. 34: E1-E6.
• Else-Quest N.M., LoConte N.K., Schiller J.H. and Janet Shibley Hyde. 2009. Psychology and Health. 24(8): 949-964.
• Hewitt, M., Rowland J.H., and Rosemary Yancik. 2003. “Cancer Survivors in the United States: Age, Health, and Disability.” Journal of
Gerontology. 58(1): 82-91.
• Little, M., Paul K., Jordens C.F.C., and Emma-Jane Sayers. 2002. “Survivorship and Discourses of Identity.” Psycho-Oncology. 11: 170-178.
• Merrill, S.S., Seeman T.E., Kasl S.V., and Lisa Berkman. 1997. “Gender Differences in the Comparison of Self-Reported Disability and
Performance Measures.” The Journals of Gerontology. 52A(1):M19-M26.
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References• Sweeney, C., Schmitz, K.H., Lazovich, D., Virnig, B.A., Wallace, R.B., and
Aaron R. Folsom. 2006. “Functional Limitations in Elderly Female Cancer Survivors.” Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 98(8): 521-529.