home inspection report€¦ · sunnyvale , ca 94087 april 24, 2019 this report is the exclusive...

Wells Home Inspection 4290 Wilkie Way #F Palo Alto CA 94306

650-533-6308 [email protected]

Inspection reference: 1633

© Wells Home Inspection Confidential - for client use only. Use by any unauthorized persons is prohibited.

Home Inspection Report

749 Lois Ave

Sunnyvale , CA 94087

April 24, 2019

This report is the exclusive property of the clients of Wells Home Inspection LLC, and is non transferable. No other intended users

are identified. This report is subject to the terms, conditions, and limitations as referenced herein, and is not a substitute for

disclosures required by California Civil Code 1102.

Inspection: 1633 Address: 749 Lois Ave


Inspection Table of Contents

GENERAL INFORMATION 3

REPORT SUMMARY 6

REPORT NOTES 8

SITE AND GROUNDS 9

STRUCTURE 12

EXTERIOR 16

ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS 19

PLUMBING SYSTEM 22

HEATING/COOLING 26

GAS PIPING 28

INSULATION AND VENTILATION 30

KITCHEN 32

LIVING AREAS 35

BATHROOMS 38

BEDROOMS 42

LAUNDRY 45

GARAGE 46

CONCLUSION 49

GLOSSARY OF TERMS 50



GENERAL INFORMATION

Date and Time

Date - 4/24/2019. Time - 10:00 am.

Site Notes

Weather - Clear. Soil condition - Dry.

Building Characteristics

Year of construction 1953 with subsequent addition(s). Square footage is1348 s.f. as provided by online sources. Space below grade - Crawlspace.Utilities - (Electric, gas, and water) are provided by a public utility. Utilitiesstatus - Gas, electric, and water are ON.

REPORT LIMITATIONS

This report is intended only as a guide to assist interested parties in anevaluation of the general condition of the dwelling, and is not intended toreflect the value of the premises, nor make any representation as to theadvisability of purchase. This report expresses the opinions of Wells HomeInspection and is based upon the visual impressions of the conditions thatexisted at the time of the inspection only. The inspection and report are notintended to be technically exhaustive, or imply that every component wasinspected, or that every defect was discovered. A home inspection isnon-invasive and is limited to the visible and accessible areas of the property.No disassembly of equipment or appliances, opening of walls, moving of



furniture, or excavation was performed. All components and conditions whichby the nature of their location are concealed, camouflaged, or pose a hazard tothe inspector are excluded from the report. This home inspection wasperformed in accordance with the California Real Estate InspectionAssociation (CREIA) Standards of Practice. A copy of the CREIA Standards ofPractice is available at CREIA.org. A general home inspection is distinct from aspecialist inspection, which may require specialized licensing, can be costly,and often involves laboratory analysis. The purpose of a home inspection isto identify visible defects or adverse conditions that, in the opinion of theinspector, might result in injury or repair costs that may have a significantimpact on the evaluation of the property. Cosmetic or predictable wear issues- particularly those that are apparent to the casual observer, are outside thescope of this inspection. Additional inspections by qualified specialists areencouraged if deemed necessary by interested parties. Specialized inspectionsmay identify additional issues or defects and may recommend additionalrepairs or upgrades. It is strongly recommended that further inspections andbids for corrective work be obtained from qualified, licensed contractorsbefore the close of escrow.

Systems and conditions which are not within the scope of the inspectioninclude, but are not limited to: formaldehyde, lead paint, asbestos, toxic orflammable materials and other environmental hazards; pest infestation,efficiency measurement of insulation or heating and cooling equipment,internal or underground drainage or plumbing, any systems which areinoperable or secured; water wells (water quality and quantity) zoningordinances; playground equipment, swimming pools, intercoms; securitysystems; heat sensors; cosmetics or building code conformity. Any generalcomments about these systems and conditions are informational only and donot represent an inspection.

The inspection report should not be construed as a compliance inspection ofany governmental or non-governmental codes or regulations. The report isnot intended to be a warranty or guarantee of the present or future adequacyor performance of the structure, its systems, or their component parts. Thisreport does not constitute any express or implied warranty of merchantabilityor fitness for use regarding the condition of the property and it should not berelied upon as such. Any opinions expressed regarding adequacy, capacity, orexpected life of components are general estimates based on information about



similar components and occasional wide variations are to be expectedbetween such estimates and actual experience.

Wells Home Inspection has no interest, present or contemplated, in thisproperty or its improvement and no involvement with tradespeople orbenefits derived from any sales or improvements. To the best of ourknowledge and belief, all statements and information in this report are trueand correct.

Should any disagreement or dispute arise as a result of this inspection orreport, it shall be submitted for binding, non-appealable arbitration to theAmerican Arbitration Association in accordance with its ConstructionIndustry Arbitration Rules unless the parties mutually agree otherwise. In theevent of a claim, the Client will allow Wells Home Inspection to inspect theclaim prior to any repairs or waive the right to make the claim. Client agreesnot to disturb or repair or have repaired anything which may constituteevidence relating to the complaint, except in the case of an emergency. Shouldthere be questions regarding this report's findings, the named client is offeredunlimited follow-up consultation via telephone and e-mail.

Scott WellsWells Home [email protected]



REPORT SUMMARY

This summary is a cursory preview of this inspection report and should not beconsidered the only source of significant findings. Chapters of this reportmay list additional conditions requiring service or repair. It is importantto read all content herein and consult with other qualified specialists asdeemed necessary. These specialists may perform detailed assessments thatidentify additional issues or defects not contained in this report. Any furtherevaluations, services, repairs, or safety upgrades should be completed bylicensed specialists and with all necessary permits. The prospective buyer isspecifically cautioned to obtain any further evaluations, information, or pricequotes pertaining to the recommendations made in this report prior to theremoval of transaction contingencies.

749 Lois Ave appears to be a structurally sound home with nosignificant defects noted during the inspection. As is the case withpractically all homes, a number of items require service, repair, orreplacement. Please refer to the individual chapters for additionalinformation.

SITE - Trip hazards.

STRUCTURAL - Rafter tail damage.

EXTERIOR - Scattered areas of trim damage.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM - Panel cover altered and can not be removed.Ungrounded receptacles.

PLUMBING SYSTEM - Incorrect water heater strapping and venting.Corrosion and leaking at galvanized pipes under the home.



HEATING - Vent clearance.

GAS SUPPLY - Functional.

INSULATION AND VENTILATION - Thin areas of insulation in attic.

KITCHEN - Non-GFCI receptacles.

LIVING AREAS - Ungrounded receptacles. No CO detector.

BATHROOMS - Loose toilet in hall bathroom. Non-GFCI receptacle in hallbathroom. Slightly low water flow in hall bathroom.

BEDROOMS - Ungrounded receptacles.

LAUNDRY - No dryer vent.

GARAGE - Door to dwelling lacks return mechanism. Voids in firewall. Garagedoor beam eyes to high.



REPORT NOTES

Photos contained herein are used for clarification of noted conditionsand are not a substitute for the report content. Not all reported itemsare necessarily accompanied by a photo. Items that require service,repair, or replacement are in WRITTEN IN BLUE. Items that areconsidered a current safety hazard are HIGHLIGHTED IN RED. Items ofsignificance that require prompt attention are underlined.

For the purpose of clarity, the words LEFT, RIGHT, FRONT, BACK andCENTER are used to describe locations within or around the dwelling.These directions are all made relative to facing the dwelling from thestreet, or in the case of a multi-unit dwelling, from the entry door.Interior room designations are as defined in the same terms, asreferenced from the interior entry door.

.



SITE AND GROUNDS

This report was produced specifically for the site within approximately 6 feetof the building and the primary parking area. This inspection is not intendedto address or include geological conditions or site stability information.Displaced cracks in hard structural components, such as the foundation, mayimply the presence of unstable soils, which can be confirmed by a geologicalevaluation conducted by a licensed professional. Any reference to soil gradingand slope is limited to visible areas of the exterior. Determination of drainageperformance of the site or the condition of any underground piping, includingsubterranean drainage systems and municipal water and sewer service pipingor septic systems, is beyond the scope of this inspection. Landscapecomponents such as ponds, irrigation systems, fountains, pottery, statues, firepits, outdoor kitchens and ornamental and landscape lighting are beyond thescope of this inspection.

DESCRIPTION

LOT COMPOSITION - Mixed landscapes and hardscapes. PATIO withoverhang.

GROUNDS SUMMARY

Grading and DrainageAreas of the grade surrounding the dwelling are generally flat or sloped downand away from the home. It is typically recommended that all surroundingsoils and hardscapes be sloped down and away from dwellings at a 5% gradeto discourage the ponding of surface water near the home's foundation. Waterthat accumulates and ponds near the foundation may expand or oversaturatethe soil, thereby reducing the stability needed for proper foundation support.



Monitoring of the surrounding soils and hardscapes during rainstorms isadvised, and if ponding occurs in flat areas, re-grading is recommended.

DrivewayThe driveway is in satisfactory condition and correctly sloped away from thegarage. Typical cracks are noted, however cracking in concrete is commonand may develop over time. Patching the cracks will reduce water infiltrationunder the slab.

TRIP HAZARD - The driveway is lower thanthe garage slab, which has created a triphazard. This can be the result of commondriveway settlement over time. Grinding theslab to remove the edge or painting the edgewith a contrasting color is recommended forincreased visibility. Further evaluation by aqualified contractor is recommended.

Walking Areas

TRIP HAZARDS - Located in various areas.Displacement of walking surfaces is commonand usually the result of root upheaval or soilsettlement. This creates an uneven walkingsurface and is a safety concern. An assessmentof all walking areas with repairs as needed by aqualified contractor is recommended.

ADDITIONAL NOTES

An assessment of the detached shed is beyond the scope of this inspection.Please inquire with the current owner regarding it's functionality.

Concrete and other hardscapes will typically experience some degree ofcracking over time, due to common soil settling or root pressure. Keepingcracks patched can help reduce water infiltration in the underlying soil.



The majority of homes built prior to 1978 contain lead paint. Lead in exteriorpaint typically oxidizes and is washed by rain into the soil around theperimeter of the home. Children coming onto contact with lead-containingsoil may experience the effects of lead poisoning. Soil around the perimeter ofolder homes may contain lead even if the home has been recently re-painted.Testing for lead content is beyond the scope of a general home inspection.Interested parties are advised to consult an environmental testing service foradditional information.



STRUCTURE

Raised foundations usually provide a crawlspace, which provides a visualmeans for assessment. However, much of the foundation is below grade andtherefore unaccessible. Slab-on-grade foundations do not provide such acrawlspace and generally do not provide means for visual assessment. In mostinstances floor coverings prevent recognition of cracks or settlement in all butthe most severe cases. It is recommended that inquiries be made to the sellerregarding prior foundation or structural repairs. All concrete experiencessome degree of cracking due to shrinkage in the curing process. Minor cracksor deteriorated surfaces are common in most foundations and usually do notrepresent a structural problem. Every effort to safely enter the attic will beattempted. Attics that pose a hazard upon entry are inspected as thoroughlyas possible from the access point. Insulation is not removed for the inspection,thereby making underlying components such as pipes and electrical cablesunavailable for assessment.

FOUNDATION DESCRIPTION

TYPE - Poured concrete perimeter. SURFACE - Soil.

METHOD OF INSPECTION

The crawlspace was entered and crawled through.



FOUNDATION SUMMARY

Foundation WallsThe foundation walls appear to be in satisfactory condition with no notablecracks observed. Small shrinkage cracks may be present but not commentedon. Shrinkage cracking is common in many foundation walls and is usually theresult of moisture evaporating during the curing process. Shrinkage cracksare generally not a cause for concern as concrete tends to shrink as it dries.Larger cracks that are rotated or displaced would warrant additionalassessment by a specialist. Cracks of this kind were not observed.

Seismic BoltingEarthquake bolts are present at the sill plate/stem wall connection.

Floor StructureThe posts, beams, floor joists and subfloor appear to be in satisfactorycondition and have performed as intended since their installation. Due to theweight-bearing nature of these components, any notching, drilling, or otheralterations should be performed only by qualified licensed contractors.

Crawlspace GroundThe crawlspace floor is dry with no wet or damp areas observed. Keeping thecrawlspace dry aids in reducing the opportunities for mold growth.

FRAMING DESCRIPTION

ROOF AND WALL FRAMING - 2x dimensional wood.

FRAMING SUMMARY

Roof framingAs viewed from the attic, the roof and ceiling framing members appear to beconstructed in a manner typical of homes of this era. No significant warping,



damage, or alterations were observed in accessible and visible framing. Due tothe weight bearing nature of roof framing, any notching, holes, or otheralterations should only be done by a qualified contractor or structuralengineer. See item below.

RAFTER TAIL DAMAGE - Located in a fewscattered areas. Repair is advised to preventfurther decay. Please refer to theWDO/Termite inspection report for additionalinformation.

Wall framingNo significant warping or displacement is noted in the wall covering. It isuncommon that walls are perfectly plumb; measuring of plumb is beyond thescope of a general home inspection.

ADDITIONAL NOTES

Foundation settlement typically occurs when there are changes to the soilsupporting the foundation footings. Gradual foundation settlement over timeis common and in most cases does not result in significant structuraldisplacement. Many homes will experience a relatively moderate rate ofsettlement in the first 5 years of construction with increasingly lesssettlement as the soil stabilizes. However, at any age, it is important to protectyour home from foundation stress by controlling the amount of moisture inthe soils surrounding the home. Depending on the type of soil, ponding canexpand or deplete the soil in areas, resulting in differential levels of supportwhich can stress the foundation. If no subterranean drains are present, it isrecommended that downspout extensions be used during the rainy season toextend gutter water 5-10 feet away from your foundation to avoid ponding.

The earthquake bolt pattern conforms to seismic standards required at thetime of construction. Bolting the sill plate to the foundation is a basicprecaution to help prevent a home from sliding off it's foundation in an



earthquake. If information regarding bolting or seismic upgrades is desired,further evaluation by a qualified specialist is recommended.



EXTERIOR

Exterior siding and trim prohibits access to the internal wall structure.Determination of internal wall damage, the presence of mold, or theconfirmation of insulation type or value is unattainable. Cosmetic deficienciesor the natural wearing of surfaces as they are exposed to the elements maynot be reported. The evaluation of detached structures such as sheds orstables are beyond the scope of this inspection.

DESCRIPTION

SIDING - Stucco, stone veneer and common wood boards. TRIM - Commonwood. WINDOWS - Predominately double pane sliders. DOORS - Commonwood, sliding glass, french.

EXTERIOR SUMMARY

SidingThe stucco and wood siding appears to be in generally satisfactory conditionwith no significant cracks or voids. A few common small areas requiringservice are observed; patching these is recommended to prevent moisturefrom entering the substructure, which can lead to damage over time.



Trim

DAMAGE - A few areas of moisture damage arenoted on various areas of the home. Repair orreplacement of trim in these areas is advised,as deferred maintenance will result in furtherdamage. A full assessment of the wood trimwith repairs as needed is recommended. Oncereplaced, keeping the trim serviced annually byrepairing failed caulk joints will aid inpreventing water intrusion. Please refer to theWDO/Termite report for additionalinformation.

WindowsThe exterior surfaces of the windows appear to be in satisfactory condition.The glass and surrounding trim and sill show no indications of damage.

DoorsThe exterior surfaces of the doors have no notable damage. The doors wereoperational, with no significant binding observed.

LightingThe exterior lighting is satisfactorily mounted to the siding with no significantgaps that may allow water or pest intrusion. Through thermal expansion andcontraction, fixture mounting screws may loosen over time, creating gaps atthe base. Periodic assessment of fixtures with tightening of mounting screwsas needed is recommended.



Electrical

NON - GFCI RECEPTACLES - GFCI (GroundFault Circuit Interrupter) receptacles andbreakers are an important safety feature wherewater may be present. GFCI receptacles willdisable the electrical circuit if a currentimbalance is detected (possibly caused by anindividual receiving a shock). The age ofconstruction predated current electricalstandards. Further evaluation of all exteriorreceptacles by a licensed electrician is advised.

ADDITIONAL NOTES

Stucco is a durable coating that is commonly created from a mixture ofPortland cement, sand, lime and water. Stucco stands up to all sorts ofclimates, from cold to hot and wet to dry. Many homes built in the early 1900shave had very little maintenance and remain in good shape today. Minor orhairline cracking is common in stucco siding , and is the result of the normalthermal expansion and contraction of the structure. As cracks appear overtime, It is recommended that they be sealed while performing routinemaintenance. Cracks that become too large can allow moisture intrusion,which may result in damage to the substructure.

Most wood products require regular maintenance in the form of paint, stainor varnish. Some woods, such as redwood and cedar, have a natural resistanceto decay and rot, while others may be pressure treated to resist rot andinsects. If properly maintained, wood siding will generally last the lifetime ofthe building. Good building and maintenance practices should maintain aclearance between the wood siding and the soil. A minimum of a 4 inchclearance should be maintained, if possible.



ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS

Any electrical repairs attempted by an individual other than a qualifiedlicensed electrician should be approached with caution and is notrecommended. Electrical deficiencies or recommended upgrade should beregarded as a latent hazard that should be serviced as soon as possible, alongwith evaluation of the entire system by a certified electrician. Aluminumwiring requires periodic inspection and maintenance by a certified electrician.Any ancillary wiring or system that is not part of the primary electricaldistribution system is not part of this inspection but may be mentioned forinformational purposes only, including but not limited to landscapingsystems, low voltage systems, security system devices, heat detectors, carbonmonoxide detectors, telephone, security, cable TV, intercoms, and built-invacuum equipment.

DESCRIPTION

SERVICE ENTRANCE - Overhead. MAIN PANEL LOCATION - Back of thedwelling. VOLTAGE - 120/240 Volt. AMPERAGE - Service appears to be 100amp. OVERCURRENT PROTECTION - Circuit breakers. CONDUCTORS -Non-metallic cable.

ELECTRICAL SUMMARY

Service EntranceThe service entrance is in functional condition with no notable discrepancies.The roof mounted mast, weatherhead, and drip loops are satisfactory.



Main Panel

POINTED SCREW - One of the screws securingthe cover is not rated for the application.Pointed-end screws are capable of puncturinga conductor, which is a shock hazard.Replacement of this screw with a flat tippedelectrical screw is advised.

ALTERATION OF COVER - The deadfrontcover for the main panel could not be removedas a wired receptacle has been installed on thecover. This does not appear to be in accordancewith electrical standards and may be a safetyhazard for individuals working on the panel.Further evaluation with corrections as neededby a licensed electrician is advised.

Legend

NO CIRCUIT LEGEND - A legend is importantto accurately identify each breaker and thecircuit that it controls. A correctly labeledlegend is an aid for electricians doing work onthe system, and may also be needed in theevent of an emergency. Licensed electricianshave methods for tracing legends. Furtherevaluation is recommended.



Distribution Wires

OPENINGS IN ELECTRICAL BOXES - At leastone electrical box in the attic has an openingwhich can enable mouse access. Rodents areknown to build nests in boxes and chew onelectrical cables, which may create a firehazard. An assessment of all attic electricalcomponents by a licensed electrician withrepairs as needed is advised.

Grounding System

UNGROUNDED CIRCUITS - The original areas of the home are served byungrounded receptacles, while the newer added areas have groundedreceptacles. Grounding became an electrical standard in 1962. Groundingprovides an alternate path for stray current resulting from a power surge orlightning strike. The age of this home's construction pre-dated currentgrounding standards. Further evaluation by a licensed electrician isrecommended.

ADDITIONAL NOTES

The main electrical shut off switch is located atthe main panel on the back side of the home.Flipping this switch will shut off the power tothe home.

Electrical receptacles, switches, and fixtures are inspected per room. Seeroom summaries for inspection findings.



PLUMBING SYSTEM

Plumbing components subject to inspection include water supply anddistribution piping systems, drains, waste lines, waste line vents, interior andexterior fixtures attached to the dwelling, water heating equipment, gas meterand distribution piping. All underground piping related to supply, waste orsprinkler systems are excluded from this inspection. Since much of theplumbing system is located behind walls, 100% of the system can not beinspected, therefore some adverse conditions may go undetected. Inspectionof private water supplies, private waste disposal systems, underground sewerlines, water conditioning systems, solar water heating systems, and lawnsprinkler systems are beyond the scope of this inspection.

DESCRIPTION

SERVICE LINE - 3/4". SUPPLY PIPING - Combination of copper and galvanizedsteel. WASTE LINE - The predominant waste line material is ABS plastic.WATER HEATER TYPE - Natural gas, storage. MANUFACTURER - Rheem. DATE OF MANUFACTURE - 2014. CAPACITY - 48 gallons.

PLUMBING SUMMARY



Water Flow and Drainage

SLIGHTLY LOW FLOW - In the kitchen andhall bathroom. This may be the result ofmunicipal water pressure, regulator settings,or restriction in pipes caused by corrosion,mineral deposits, or debris. Interested partiesare advised to consult with a qualified licensedplumber for further evaluation.

Supply Pipes

CORROSION - Areas of corrosion are presentin the galvanized piping under the home.Galvanized pipes tend to corrode from heinside out, thus reducing water flow as theinside diameter of the pipes decrease. In time,the flow of water can be reduced significantly.Areas of leaking is present in some of thegalvanized pipes. The copper pipes aresatisfactory and well supported. Furtherevaluation by a licensed plumber is advised.

Waste Line Plumbing

LEAK - Under the hall bathroom. Thetransition from the vertical pipe to thehorizontal run is joined with a Sanitary Tconnector, which can slow the drain rate andcause back-ups and leaking. Replacement ofthe Sanitary T connectors with Wye connectorsis recommended. Further evaluation by alicensed plumber is advised.

Water HeaterFunctionality - The water heater responds to thermostat controls and fireson command. Hot water is produced at the fixtures.



Plumbing - The plumbing for the water heater is satisfactory. A shut-off valveon the cold water line enables the unit to be removed for replacement orservice without having to turn off the main house valve. No corrosion is notedat the inlet or outlet pipes.

STRAP PLACEMENT - Current standardsrequire straps be placed in the upper andlower 1/3 of the tank. Ideally, the lower strapshould be 4 inches from the controls. Strappingis critical, as water heaters can weigh up to 450lbs when full, and may rupture gas and waterlines if they topple during an earthquake,leading to fire and/or flooding. Furtherevaluation by licensed plumber is advised.

NO SEISMIC BLOCKS - Back blocking is necessary to present the water heaterfrom tipping toward the wall when the water heater is 1 or more inches awayfrom the wall. Blocking and strapping is critical, as water heaters can weighup to 450 lbs when full, and may rupture gas and water lines if they toppleduring an earthquake, leading to fire and/or flooding. Further evaluation bylicensed plumber is advised.

NO VENT ATTACHMENT - The vent is notproperly attached to the draft hood. Properattachment with screws ensures that theventing system is properly aligned, andcombustion products are not introduced intothe habitable areas. Further evaluation by alicensed plumber is advised.



VENT CLEARANCE - Due to the high heatproduced by water heaters, current standardsrequire at least a one inch clearance betweenwater heater B type vents and any surroundingcombustible materials such as wood. Trimmingof the wood in this area is advised to createmore space for cooling.

ADDITIONAL NOTES

The water heater was manufactured in 2014 and presumably installed thatyear or the next. Water heaters typically have engineered service lives of 15to 20 years, with exceptions either way.

The main water valve is located at the left of the dwelling. Closing this valvewill turn off all water supply to the house.

Note that the incoming water pressure can fluctuate depending on local waterdemand. The water pressure at the time of the inspection was within anallowable range.

It appears that ACM (asbestos containing material) may be present in thewater heater vent system. All homes built prior to 1982 have the possibilityof containing asbestos. Asbestos is considered a health hazard only if it isdisturbed and the fibers become airborne. Determining if asbestos is presentis beyond the scope of this inspection. Interested parties are advised tocontact an environmental testing lab for further information.



HEATING/COOLING

Wells Home Inspection will open access panels provided by the manufactureror installer for routine homeowner maintenance. Appliances will not beoperated when weather conditions or other circumstances may causeequipment damage. WHI does not light pilot lights or ignite or extinguish solidfuel fires. WHI is not equipped for invasive inspections of furnace heatexchangers for evidence of cracks or holes or concealed portions ofevaporator and condensing coils, heat exchanger or firebox, electronic airfilters, humidifiers and de-humidifiers, ducts and in-line duct motors ordampers, as such assessments can only be accomplished by dismantling theunit.

Please note that heating systems can produce carbon monoxide, whichin a poorly ventilated room can result in sickness and even death. Therefore, it is essential that any recommendations made for service orfurther evaluation be performed in a timely manner. Normal service andmaintenance is recommended on a yearly basis. Verification of the presence ofasbestos materials commonly used in heating systems can only be performedby laboratory testing and is beyond the scope of this inspection. Determiningthe presence or condition of oil tanks, whether exposed or buried, is beyondthe scope of this inspection. Leaking oil tanks represent an environmentalhazard which can be costly to remedy.

HEATING UNIT DESCRIPTION

FUEL - Natural gas. TYPE - Wall mount furnace. MANUFACTURER - Williams.DATE OF MANUFACTURE - 1986.



HEATING UNIT SUMMARY

FunctionalityThe furnace produced warm air upon thermostat command. Warm air wasdetected at each connected register throughout the home.

ThermostatThe thermostat is mounted satisfactorily and responded to input.

Combustion AirThe supply of combustion air for the furnace is satisfactory. Combustion air isan important component for the complete conversion of gas into heat.

CabinetThe furnace cabinet appears to be in functional condition. The access panelsare secure, and no significant corrosion or damage is noted in the firebox.

Venting

VENT CLEARANCE -The vent pipe for the wallfurnace does not have the required clearanceto a combustible surface. Current standardsrequire a 1" clearance between double walledvents and wood members to reduce thepossibility of fire. Trimming of the wood isadvised.



GAS PIPING

Gas valve at the meter is not operated during the inspection. Municipalitiesgenerally are responsible for gas service through the meter; any piping afterthe meter is usually the responsibility of the homeowner. Inspection findingsof all gas appliances are noted elsewhere in the report.

DESCRIPTION

SOURCE - Municipal. FUEL - Natural gas. LOCATION OF GAS METER - Rightside of dwelling. GAS PIPE MATERIAL - Black iron and galvanized steel.

GAS PIPING SUMMARY

Gas MeterThe meter and attached gas lines are in satisfactory condition with no damageor significant corrosion.

Gas PipingThe visible gas piping is in functional condition with no gas odors noted.Support of the piping is satisfactory.

ADDITIONAL NOTES



The gas meter is located on the right side of thehouse. To shut off gas, turn the tang (arrow)90 degrees so it is perpendicular to the pipewith gas wrench. Do not attempt to turn gasback on by yourself: Call PGE.

A shut off wrench is located at the gas meter to shut off service in the event ofa gas leak caused by a major earthquake.



INSULATION AND VENTILATION

Every effort to safely enter the attic will be attempted. Attics that pose ahazard upon entry are inspected from the access point. Hazards include joistscovered by insulation, blocked entry due to stored personal items, andrestricted access openings that make entry unsafe Insulation measurementswill be approximate, as insulation depth can vary widely throughout the attic.Insulation is not removed for the inspection thereby making underlyingcomponents such as pipes and electrical cables unavailable for assessment.

INSULATION AND VENTILATION DESCRIPTION

ATTIC INSULATION - Loose fill. ATTIC VENTILATION - Perimeter andturbine. FLOOR INSULATION - None under main home, fiberglass battsunder the master bedroom. FLOOR VENTILATION - Perimeter crawlspacevents.

ATTIC INSULATION AND VENTILATION SUMMARY

Insulation

INSUFFICIENT INSULATION - Located in afew areas. Thin or missing insulation mayincrease heating costs. The recommendeddepth for attic insulation in the Bay Area isR-38, which roughly translates to 12 or 13inches of depth for most materials. This canvary. At times, new insulation can be addedwithout removal of the old insulation. Furtherevaluation by a licensed insulation contractor



is recommended.

VentilationThe attic venting is adequate. Keeping the vents clear will aid in creatingairflow, which is important for eliminating moisture, which can damageframing members and possibly lead to mold growth. .

FLOOR INSULATION AND VENTILATION SUMMARY

Insulation

FALLEN INSULATION - Under the master bedroom. Fallen insulation reducesenergy efficiency and can provide nesting materials for pests. Reattachment ofthe fallen batts is recommended.

VentilationThe crawlspace ventilation is satisfactory. The vents are unblocked, and thescreens are intact. Maintaining adequate ventilation in a crawlspace will aid inreducing moisture levels, which is important in discouraging mold growth.Damaged vent screens should always be promptly replaced to prevent pestintrusion.



KITCHEN

Built-in appliances are tested for basic functionality. Assessment ofperformance, output, or efficiency is beyond the scope of this inspection.Appliances older than ten years typically start to exhibit decreased efficiencyand reliability. The inspection of an appliance or system does not constitute aguarantee or warranty as to future functionality or remaining life. The methodof wall cabinet attachment, or a guarantee of attachment integrity, is notassessed and not a part of this inspection.

DESCRIPTION

FLOOR COVER - Laminate wood. WALLS/CEILINGS - Drywall. STORAGE -Undercounter cabinets and drawers, wall mounted cabinets. PREP AREA -Ceramic tile countertop. SINK - Porcelain. APPLIANCES - Gas cooktop,electric oven, refrigerator, dishwasher, garbage disposal, built-in microwave.

KITCHEN SUMMARY

FloorThe floor is in satisfactory condition with no significant damages noted.

Walls and CeilingNo significant cracking, stains, damage, or notable warping is observed.

WindowsThe windows are satisfactory with no damage or binding present.



CountertopNo damage noted in visible areas. The sealed joints appear to be insatisfactory condition.

CabinetsA representative number of cabinet doors and drawers were tested and foundto be functional. The cabinet structure appears to be satisfactory.

SinkThe sink is in functional condition with no damage noted. Sealing around thesink is satisfactory.

Sink PlumbingThe faucet is securely mounted and functions satisfactorily with no leaksdetected. The sprayer functions correctly. The supply lines to the faucet aresecure, and no leaking is detected. No leaking is noted at the drain tail piece,Ptrap, or trap arm.

Electrical

NON-GFCI RECEPTACLES - Current electricalstandards require GFCI protection inreceptacles serving all kitchen countertops.The year of construction may have predatedcurrent electrical standards. GFCI (GroundFault Circuit Interrupt) receptacles will disablea circuit when current is flowing through anunintended path, such as through water or aperson. GFCI technology is a proven safetyfeature. Further evaluation by a qualifiedlicensed electrician is advised.

Exhaust HoodThe kitchen exhaust hood functions satisfactorily. Exhaust fans aid inexpelling cooking odors, smoke, and moisture from the kitchen.



Range/OvenThe range/oven is functional. The gas cooktop responded to controls, as didthe oven. No food was heated up during this inspection. Accuracy of thetemperature controls is beyond the scope of this inspection.

DishwasherThe dishwasher is operational. This dishwasher is a multi-cycle unit, howeveronly one cycle was tested. This does not imply that the other cycles arefunctional, or that dishes are cleaned to a necessary standard.

RefrigeratorThe refrigerator and freezer are functional. Measurement of the temperaturesis beyond the scope of a general home inspection.

Garbage DisposalThe food waste disposal responded to the switch. Determining if the unit willgrind food waste to a necessary standard is beyond the scope of thisinspection.

MicrowaveThe microwave was tested for 20 seconds and responded satisfactorily to thecontrols.

ADDITIONAL NOTES

Keeping caulk joints well maintained at areas subject to water contact willreduce opportunities for water to infiltrate to the substructure, which maylead to moisture damage over time.



LIVING AREAS

The inspection of living spaces includes accessible areas of walls, floors,cabinets and closets, and the testing of a representative number of windowsand doors, switches and receptacles. Please note that in accordance with theCalifornia Real Estate Inspection Association Standards of Practice, floorcoverings, furnishings or possessions are not moved for inspection access.Floor and wall covering damage or stains may be hidden by carpeting orfurniture. Easily observed floor coverings that show common wear and minorwall cracks that appear adjacent to windows and doors, along lines of framingmembers or along seams of drywall and plasterboard may not be commentedon. These cracks are typically caused by minor movement, such as woodshrinkage, common settling, and may often reappear if they are not correctlyrepaired. Determining the condition of insulated glass windows is not alwayspossible due to weather and lighting conditions.

DESCRIPTION

The LIVING AREAS are comprised of - Entry area. Living room. Dining area.Hallway. FLOOR COVERING - Hardwood and wood laminate in the diningarea. WALLS and CEILINGS - Drywall. PREDOMINANT WINDOW TYPE -Single pane fixed and casement. PREDOMINANT DOOR TYPE - Commonwood and double pane glass.

SUMMARY



FloorThe floors appear to be in satisfactory condition with no significant damagesnoted.


WindowsThe windows are satisfactory with no significant damage or binding noted. Nocracking observed in the panes.

DoorsThe doors in the living areas operated properly with no binding or damagespresent.

ClosetsThe closets are functional with satisfactory shelving. The closet doorsoperated satisfactorily.

Electrical

UNGROUNDED RECEPTACLES - Groundingprovides a safe path for excess currentresulting from a lightning strike or an electricalsurge. However, many modern householditems such as lamps do not require groundingas they have protective insulation. Someelectrical equipment does require grounding asan added protective feature; this is usuallyindicated by a cord plug that has two bladesand a grounding pin. Although thesereceptacles are functional, the cover plateindicates that the receptacles should begrounded. Further evaluation by a licensedelectrician is advised.



Smoke DetectorsA smoke detector is present in the hallway outside of the bedrooms.Functionality of smoke detectors is beyond the scope of this inspection, asthey may be operative on the day of the inspection but inoperative shortlythereafter. Batteries should be changed according to manufacturer'sinstructions. Smoke detectors 10 years and older should be replaced withphotovoltaic smoke detectors.

CO Detector

NO CO DETECTOR - A CO (carbon monoxide) detector was not present in thebedroom hallway. Current standards require CO detectors in homes withattached garages or gas fired appliances to protect occupants from thedangers of carbon monoxide. Detectors are required on each level of the homeand within 10 feet of sleeping rooms. Installation of a CO detector to satisfythese requirements is advised.

ADDITIONAL NOTES

Replacing any single pane windows/doors with new double pane units willimprove thermal and acoustic insulation. Interested parties are advised tocontact a qualified window contractor for further information.



BATHROOMS

Determining whether shower pans and tub/shower surrounds are watertightis beyond the scope of this inspection. Plumbing fixtures are tested forfunctional flow in accordance with generally accepted practices. Theinspection includes testing a representative number of windows and doors,light switches and receptacles. Shower pans are visually inspected forevidence of leakage, however active leaks are not always apparent unless theshower is in use for extended periods. The evaluation of specialty systemssuch as floor heating systems, steam showers, saunas, etc. are excluded fromthe scope of work of this inspection.

DESCRIPTION

PREDOMINANT MATERIALS AND FINISHES - Ceramic. Porcelain. Plasticcomposites. WALLS and CEILINGS - Drywall. STORAGE - Cabinet withdrawers. VENTILATION - Exhaust fans.

BATHROOMS SUMMARY

DoorsThe entry doors function satisfactorily with no binding. The hardware isfunctional.




FlooringThe bathroom flooring is in satisfactory condition with no significant damageobserved.

Ventilation

NO VENT PIPE - As noted from the attic, theexhaust fan is expelling moist air into the atticinstead of through the roof. This will introducemoisture into the attic which may encouragemold growth and damage attic components.Installation of a vent pipe by a qualified HVACcontractor is recommended.

CountertopsThe countertops are in functional condition, with no damage noted. Sealedareas are satisfactory.

WashbasinsThe washbasins are in satisfactory condition with no cracks, chips, or otherdamage noted. The sealing around the basins is intact.

FaucetsThe faucets are functional with no leaks noted.

Washbasin PlumbingThe pressurized supply lines to the faucets are secure, and no leaking isdetected. The drain lines are satisfactory, with no leaking noted at the tailpieces, Ptraps, or trap arms.

LOW FLOW - The rate of hot water flow in the hall bathroom is slightly low atthe washbasin and shower. For reference, compare this flow with the masterbathroom. This may be caused by the galvanized supply pipes, which arecorroding and creating reduced flow. Further evaluation by a licensedplumber is advised.



CabinetsThe sink cabinets are in functional condition. No binding noted at the drawersor doors. No visible evidence of previous leaks observed.

ShowersThe showers appear to be in satisfactory condition. Walls and floors were freeof damage, and the sealed areas are intact. Periodic maintenance ofgrouted/caulked areas is advised to prevent water intrusion into thesubstructure. Faucets and showerhead performed satisfactorily.

BathtubsNo cracks, chips, or other damage noted. Sealed caulk/grout areas are insatisfactory. Periodic maintenance of these areas is advised to prevent waterintrusion into the substructure, which can lead to damage over time.

Toilets

LOOSE TOILET - At the hall bathroom. Loosemounting can result in leaking at the base,which can damage the subfloor over time.Tightening of the mounting nuts isrecommended. Care should be taken to notover tighten, or the base can crack.

Electrical

NON-GFCI RECEPTACLES - In the hallbathroom. Current electrical standards requireGFCI protection in all receptacles servingbathrooms. GFCI (Ground Fault CircuitInterrupt) receptacles will disable a circuitwhen current is flowing through anunintended path, such as through water or aperson. GFCI technology is a proven safetyfeature. The year of construction predates



current electrical standards. Furtherevaluation by a licensed electrician is advised

ADDITIONAL NOTES

Leaking pipes, failed sealant, and poor ventilation can lead to significantdamage to bathroom cabinetry and substructures over time. Keepingbathrooms dry and well ventilated is advised.



BEDROOMS

SMOKE AND CARBON MONOXIDE DETECTORS

Current standards require smoke detectors to be located in each sleepingroom and adjoining hallway, and on each level of a dwelling, includingfinished basements and attics. Check with your local jurisdiction for currentrequirements. In addition, the presence of carbon monoxide detectors isrequired on each level of a home and within 10 feet sleeping rooms if a gasburning appliance, solid fuel fireplace, or an attached garage are present.Bedrooms with a gas burning appliance require a CO detector in the room.Smoke detectors generally fall under two classifications: ionization andphotoelectric. Despite the widespread availability and use of ionizationdetectors, extensive research indicates that ionization type detectorsrespond quickly to flames, but respond slowly to smoke during a fire.Ionization detectors have poor rating in detecting smoldering fires. Most fatalfires occur during sleeping hours, and most deaths are caused by smokeinhalation rather than flames. WHI recommends the exclusive use ofphotoelectric type smoke detectors.

DESCRIPTION

FLOOR COVERING - Hardwood. WALLS AND CEILING - Drywall. CLOSETSTYLE - Reach-in. WINDOW TYPE - Double pane.

SUMMARY

DoorsThe doors in the bedrooms functioned properly with no binding or damagespresent.



FloorThe floors appear to be in satisfactory condition with no significant damagesnoted.


WindowsThe windows are satisfactory with no significant damage or binding noted. Nocracking observed in the panes.

ClosetsThe door for the reach-in closet(s) operate satisfactorily with no significantbinding noted. The shelving and pole(s) are in satisfactory condition.

Electrical

UNGROUNDED RECEPTACLES - Groundingprovides a safe path for excess currentresulting from a lightning strike or an electricalsurge. However, many modern householditems such as lamps do not require groundingas they have protective insulation. Someelectrical equipment does require grounding asan added protective feature; this is usuallyindicated by a cord plug that has two bladesand a grounding pin. Although thesereceptacles are functional, the cover plateindicates that the receptacles should begrounded. Further evaluation by a licensedelectrician is advised.

Heating and Cooling

NO HEAT SOURCE - The bedrooms have no source of heating. The bedroomswill be need to have their doors open to the living areas to utilize heat fromthe wall furnace, or rely on space heaters. Interested parties are advised to



consult a licensed HVAC contractor for additional information.

Smoke DetectorsSmoke detectors are present. The units were not tested, as they could befunctional today and non-functional in the near future. Testing the unitsmonthly along with replacing the battery every 6 months is recommended.



LAUNDRY

Laundry appliances are not tested or moved during the inspection. Drain linesand water supply valves serving washing machines are not operated, as valvesmay be subject to leaking if turned.

DESCRIPTION

APPLIANCES - Stand alone washer and dryer.

LAUNDRY SUMMARY

Appliance PlumbingPlumbing supply lines and drain standpipe are free of damage and are of thecorrect configuration. Testing of the standpipe for functional flow is beyondthe scope of this inspection.

Dryer Vent

NO DRYER VENT - The dryer does not have a vent pipe installed and iscurrently expelling moist air in to the crawlspace This has resulted in excesslint in the crawl area which is considered a fire hazard. The installation of adryer vent by a qualified professional is recommended.

ADDITIONAL NOTES

The washer and dryer are considered personal property; testing them isbeyond the scope of this inspection.



GARAGE

Determination of the heat resistance rating of firewalls is beyond the scope ofthis inspection. Flammable materials should not be stored within closedgarage areas. It is not uncommon for moisture to penetrate garages,particularly with slab on-grade construction, and this may be apparent in theform of efflorescence or salt crystal formations on the concrete. Testing theremote control for the automatic opener is beyond the scope of thisinspection.

DESCRIPTION

TYPE - Attached. SIZE - 2 car. GARAGE DOOR - Single multi-panel overheaddoor.

GARAGE SUMMARY

Entrance Door

NON SELF-CLOSING - No self-close mechanismis present on the door leading to the dwelling.This door should remain automatically closedwhen not in use, in order to slow the spread offire from the garage to the habitable areas. Firerated and solid core doors and are especiallyeffective for containing fire long enough toenable evacuation. Installation of a self-closemechanism is advised.



StructureThe garage framing appears to be in functional condition with no notabledefects.

Wall

OPENINGS IN FIREWALL - Current standardsrequire the wall(s) separating a garage fromthe dwelling be covered with intact drywallthat has no voids or openings. It isrecommended that all openings be patched tomaintain a continuous fire barrier between thegarage and the home. Drywall is highlyeffective in slowing down fire, however evensmall openings allow fire to enter the wallcavities and spread to the habitable areasfaster. Filling all openings with an approvedfire resistive sealant is advised.

Electrical

NON-GFCI RECEPTACLES - The electricalreceptacles serving the garage are not GFCIprotected. The age of construction predatedcurrent electrical standards. GFCI (GroundFault Circuit Interrupter) outlets and breakersare an important safety feature where watermay be present. Further evaluation by aqualified licensed electrician is advised.

Garage DoorFunctionality - The garage door responded to the wall switch and is notexcessively noisy, which may indicate the need for service.

Manual release handle - The red manual release handle hangs at the correctheight of approximately 6 feet off of the ground. This handle will release thegarage door from the automatic door operator in case the door has descended



and pinned an individual.

Wall switch - The wall switch is mounted securely and high enough to keep itout of the reach of small children.

HIGH BEAM - The automatic reverse safetybeam eyes are mounted higher than therecommend standard of less than 6 inches offthe floor. Lowering the eyes to below inches isadvised to protect pets.

ADDITIONAL NOTES

Garage doors are very heavy and can be hazardous. All repairs should bemade by a qualified technician.



CONCLUSION

This property inspection report, conversations, or other communications withWHI regarding this report are not a substitute for the Seller's Disclosurerequired by civil codes and/or California Real Estate Law. Contact your realestate professional for information regarding your rights, duties, or otherresponsibilities in relation to the seller's disclosure requirements.

Any additions or remodeling, if present, were not inspected for building codecompliance nor were any permit searches conducted for alterations oradditions to the existing structure. For information regarding additions,remodeling, building permits, zoning, setbacks or other planning or buildingrestrictions or requirements, please contact the homeowner or the localbuilding department.

Thank you for entrusting WHI for your home inspection. It is our intent toprovide you with a succinct, readable report. Should you have any questions,please do not hesitate to call or email.

Wishing you the best,

Scott WellsWells Home Inspection [email protected]

.



GLOSSARY OF TERMS

ABS - A black plastic pipe commonly used in DWV (drain, waste, and vent)plumbing systems. ABS can deform with extended UV exposure, so it iscommonly treated with protective pigments.

AFCI - Arc-fault circuit interrupter. An AFCI is a type of receptacle or circuitbreaker that opens the circuit when it detects a dangerous electrical arc inorder to prevent electrical fires.

ASBESTOS - A heat-resistant fibrous mineral that can be woven into fabricsand is used in fire-resistant and insulating materials. All homes built prior to1982 have the potential to have asbestos, usually in the heating system. Asbestos is considered a health hazard only if the material is mechanicallydisturbed and the fibers become airborne.

BOARD AND BATTEN SIDING - Alternating wide boards and narrow woodenstrips (battens) that overlap and seal the joints of the boards.

BONDING - The practice of intentionally electrically connecting all exposedmetallic items not designed to carry electricity in a room or building asprotection from electric shock. An un-bonded electrical component that isenergized is dangerous if touched.

BREAKER - A circuit breaker is an automatically operated electrical switchdesigned to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by overload,short circuit, or ground fault.

CHIMNEY CROWN - The crown is the masonry cap of a chimney. This seals thetop of the chimney from the flue to to the edge. It is sloped to enable waterrun-off.



COMBUSTION AIR - All natural gas furnaces require combustion air for theproper burning of fuel. The fire triangle calls for fuel, oxygen and an ignitionsource to have successful combustion.

CONDUCTOR - an electrical wire.

DISTRIBUTION PANEL - Also know as a subpanel, acts as a waypoint betweenthe main service panel and branch circuits further down the line. If the mainservice panel does not have enough space to hold circuit breakers for the newcircuits that you intend to install, the circuit breaker subpanel can, in a sense,create new space for circuit breakers, but in a physically separate location.

DRIP-EDGE FLASHING - A roof flashing that is installed under the leading edgeof the shingles at the gutter. This flashing helps protect the edge of the roofsheathing from moisture damage.

DUCT - Usually referring to heating and air conditioning systems, ductsdistribute heat and cooling throughout the dwelling.

EIFS - Exterior Insulation and Finish System is an exterior wall cladding thatutilizes rigid insulation boards on the exterior of the wall sheathing with askin that resembles stucco.

FIXTURE - A plumbing or electrical component with a fixed position andfunction.

FLASHING - Thin pieces of impervious material (usually metal) installed toprevent the passage of water into a structure from a joint or penetration.

FLUE - A duct for smoke and waste gases produced by a fire, a gas heater, apower station, or other fuel-burning installation. Flues carry noxiouscombustion byproducts gas appliances to outdoors.

FUNCTIONAL - An item or system that operates as it is designed. Cosmeticappearance is usually not considered when defining functionality.

FUSE - An electrical device that can interrupt the flow of electrical current



when it is overloaded. Fuses are generally found in older homes, and unlike abreaker, must be replaced if they are blown.

GFCI - Ground fault circuit interrupter. Available as an electrical receptacle ora breaker, a GFCI protects people from electric shock by detecting amperageleaks caused by current flowing into a persons body.

GROUNDING - A safety measure used to help prevent individuals fromaccidentally coming in contact with electrical hazards associated withunintentionally energized metal components.

GROUNDED CONDUCTOR - Also known as the neutral conductor, thisgrounded conductor returns current back to it's source and is grounded themain electrical panel.

GROUNDING CONDUCTOR - A wire that does not carry current during normalelectrical operation, yet becomes energized during a short circuit or otherpotentially dangerous conditions.

GROUNDING ELECTRODE - Usually a ground rod or metallic cold water pipe,the grounding electrode is the connection between the grounding system andearth.

FIREBOX - A three (or two) walled structure inside of your chimney, whichcontains the direct heat of the fire and guides the products of combustiontowards the smoke chamber and the flue.

HEARTH - the floor of a fireplace.

HEARTH EXTENSION - The hearth extension is the noncombustible materialin front of and at the sides of a fireplace opening. Hearth extensions aredesigned to prevent sparks that leave the fireplace from igniting nearbycombustibles.

KICK OUT FLASHING - As part of the roof drainage system,. kick out flashingsdirect rainwater away from the siding and into the rain gutter. Theintersection between a sloped roof and walls can be vulnerable to waterpenetration and subsequent damage; installation of kick out flashing is



effective in preventing this from happening.

LOOSE FILL INSULATION - Also known as blown in insulation. Usuallycomprised of cellulose, although fiberglass and rockwool are used as well. Itis made from ground-up newspaper; most brands contain 75% to 80%recycled newspaper (often post-consumer). The shredded paper is mixedwith nontoxic borate or ammonium sulfate fire retardants.

MATERIAL INTEGRITY - The physical condition of the item being inspected.

NEUTRAL CONDUCTOR - The white wire is called the neutral wire or thegrounded conductor. It provides the return path for the current provided bythe hot wire. The neutral wire is connected to an earth ground.

OVERCURRENT - When a conductor carries more amperage than its beendesigned for. Overcurrent results in heating of the conductor, which may leadto melting of the outer insulation and possible fire. Overcurrents should tripthe breaker, which will disable the circuit.

OVERCURRENT PROTECTION DEVICE - Examples would be breakers andfuses. OCPDs protect conductors and equipment by opening the circuit upondetection of a ground fault, short circuit, or overcurrent.

PERIMETER DRAIN - Also know as a french drain or drain tile. A perimeterdrain is usually a perforated pipe that is laid in a bed of gravel or rock. Theintent is redirect ground and surface water away from a dwelling'sfoundation.

PTRAP - In most homes, there is a P-traps are installed under the sinks in thebathroom and kitchens. A P-trap is a plumbing fixture that has generally twopurposes. 1)It traps debris that has drained from the sink and prevents itfrom forming a clog deep within the plumbing system, 2) it creates a waterseal, which prevents noxious sewer gases from passing into the home.

RETURN AIR - Air returned from a conditioned room back to the furnace orair conditioning unit for processing and recirculation.

REVERSE POLARITY - When the "hot" and neutral wires in an outlet are



reversed. The device you plug in to the receptacle may work but can beunsafe.

SEWER LATERAL - The private sewer service lateral is a pipe that takes ahome's wastewater to the public sewer main in the street. These privatelaterals are owned by the homeowner.

SPALLING - To chip or break into fragments, relating to concrete or stone.

SUMP PUMP - These pumps are used where basement flooding happensregularly and to solve dampness where the water table is above thefoundation of a home. Sump pumps send water away from a house to anyplace where it is no longer problematic, such as a municipal storm drain or adry well.

UNGROUNDED CONDUCTOR - Also known as the hot conductor, this wirecarries electrical current to the load served, such as a light or receptacle.

VENT (plumbing) - A pipe or pipes installed to provide air for a drain systemto protect trap seals from siphoning and back pressure. Without vents,plumbing drain systems can potentially expose inhabitants to hazardoussewer gas.

home inspection report€¦ · sunnyvale , ca 94087 april 24, 2019 this report is the exclusive...

Documents