11

Homeland Security inHomeland Security in the States & the States &

TerritoriesTerritoriesHomeland Security and Technology Homeland Security and Technology

DivisionDivisionCenter For Best PracticesCenter For Best Practices

National Governors AssociationNational Governors Association

Jerry Murphy, DirectorJerry Murphy, Director

22

NGA Center for Best NGA Center for Best PracticesPractices Provides support to Governors Provides support to Governors

and Homeland Security officialsand Homeland Security officials-Technical assistance-Technical assistance-Policy Research-Policy Research-Forums for debate and -Forums for debate and discussiondiscussion-Issue Briefs-Issue Briefs

33

What are the states’ What are the states’ top priorities?top priorities? Coordinating Efforts by All Levels of GovernmentCoordinating Efforts by All Levels of Government Receiving and Disseminating Timely Intelligence Receiving and Disseminating Timely Intelligence

InformationInformation Developing Interoperable Communications between Developing Interoperable Communications between

First RespondersFirst Responders Identifying and Protecting Critical InfrastructureIdentifying and Protecting Critical Infrastructure Enhancing Bioterrorism PreparednessEnhancing Bioterrorism Preparedness FundingFunding Protecting Sensitive Security InformationProtecting Sensitive Security Information Securing Border, Airports, and SeaportsSecuring Border, Airports, and Seaports Defining the Role of the National Guard in Homeland Defining the Role of the National Guard in Homeland

SecuritySecurity Integrating Incident Command SystemsIntegrating Incident Command Systems

44

States’ prioritiesStates’ priorities Coordinating Efforts by All Levels Coordinating Efforts by All Levels

of Governmentof Government– Ensures all entities are working Ensures all entities are working

toward the same goalstoward the same goals– Coordination through the nation’s Coordination through the nation’s

governors’ offices and appropriate governors’ offices and appropriate state agenciesstate agencies

– Avoids gaps in coverage, Avoids gaps in coverage, incompatibility, and duplicationincompatibility, and duplication

55

States’ top prioritiesStates’ top priorities Receiving and Disseminating Timely Receiving and Disseminating Timely

Intelligence InformationIntelligence Information– States rely on federal government to share States rely on federal government to share

actionable information and intelligenceactionable information and intelligence– Office of Homeland Security should be Office of Homeland Security should be

central repository and clearinghouse to central repository and clearinghouse to provide state and local agencies with provide state and local agencies with counterterrorism-related information (TTIC)counterterrorism-related information (TTIC)

– State and local authorities need security State and local authorities need security clearances to receive informationclearances to receive information

66

States’ top prioritiesStates’ top priorities Developing Interoperable Developing Interoperable

Communications between First Communications between First RespondersResponders– Communications compatibility across Communications compatibility across

jurisdictionsjurisdictions– Definitions and TermsDefinitions and Terms– Adequate federal spectrum must be securedAdequate federal spectrum must be secured

Analog spectrum must be vacated by commercial Analog spectrum must be vacated by commercial broadcastersbroadcasters

Northern-border interference from Canadian Northern-border interference from Canadian broadcastersbroadcasters

77

States’ top prioritiesStates’ top priorities Identifying and Protecting Critical Identifying and Protecting Critical

InfrastructureInfrastructure– Governors have bolstered security at Governors have bolstered security at

key assetskey assets– Vulnerability assessments/strategic Vulnerability assessments/strategic

plansplans– Federal support is necessaryFederal support is necessary– Regulatory oversight and guidance to Regulatory oversight and guidance to

private sectorprivate sector

88

States’ top prioritiesStates’ top priorities Enhancing Bioterrorism PreparednessEnhancing Bioterrorism Preparedness

– States face significant challenges in States face significant challenges in preparing to respond to bioterrorismpreparing to respond to bioterrorism

– Public Health must be integrated into all of Public Health must be integrated into all of the other state preparedness and the other state preparedness and emergency response agencies effortsemergency response agencies efforts

– Federal definition of “first responder” Federal definition of “first responder” needs to be broadened to include public needs to be broadened to include public health, hospitals, and other nontraditional health, hospitals, and other nontraditional response agenciesresponse agencies

99

States’ top prioritiesStates’ top priorities Enhancing Bioterrorism Preparedness Enhancing Bioterrorism Preparedness

(continued)(continued)– State and local governments need help in State and local governments need help in

upgrading the following key areas:upgrading the following key areas: Coordinated planning among public health, Coordinated planning among public health,

emergency services and hospitalsemergency services and hospitals Enhanced analytical capacity at state and local Enhanced analytical capacity at state and local

laboratorieslaboratories Improved response and capacity to deal with Improved response and capacity to deal with

mass casualties’ response mass casualties’ response Enhanced medical surge capacityEnhanced medical surge capacity

1010

States’ top prioritiesStates’ top priorities Enhancing Bioterrorism Preparedness Enhancing Bioterrorism Preparedness

(continued)(continued)– State and local governments need help in State and local governments need help in

upgrading the following key areas:upgrading the following key areas: Build-out of communications systems that improve Build-out of communications systems that improve

surveillance, detection, and communication surveillance, detection, and communication capabilities using symptomlogy and disease capabilities using symptomlogy and disease reportingreporting

Enhance forensic epidemiology capabilityEnhance forensic epidemiology capability Bioterrorism-relevant training for first respondersBioterrorism-relevant training for first responders Rapid distribution of vaccines and medical suppliesRapid distribution of vaccines and medical supplies

1111

State’s top prioritiesState’s top priorities FundingFunding

– State budgets depressed through 2004State budgets depressed through 2004– Federal government should not reduce Federal government should not reduce

adequate funding and support to adequate funding and support to ensure that homeland security needs ensure that homeland security needs are metare met

– DHS should have the ultimate DHS should have the ultimate authority to coordinate policy and set authority to coordinate policy and set funding levelsfunding levels

1212

States’ top prioritiesStates’ top priorities Protecting Sensitive Security Protecting Sensitive Security

InformationInformation– DHS authorizing statute provides DHS authorizing statute provides

protections for “voluntarily protections for “voluntarily submitted” informationsubmitted” information

– Many states have passed similar Many states have passed similar exemptions to protect sensitive exemptions to protect sensitive information at the state levelinformation at the state level

1313

States’ top prioritiesStates’ top priorities Securing Borders, Airports, and SeaportsSecuring Borders, Airports, and Seaports

– Increased security at borders has hurt Increased security at borders has hurt commerce, especially those states sharing a commerce, especially those states sharing a border with Canadaborder with Canada

– More appropriate staffing must be provided More appropriate staffing must be provided for the federal agencies responsible for for the federal agencies responsible for border and port securityborder and port security

– A better system needs to be developed for A better system needs to be developed for inspecting tens of millions of containers that inspecting tens of millions of containers that cross U.S. borderscross U.S. borders

1414

States’ top prioritiesStates’ top priorities The Role of the National GuardThe Role of the National Guard

– The optimal use of the National Guard The optimal use of the National Guard occurs under the control of the Governoroccurs under the control of the Governor

– Evolving role for the National Guard, Evolving role for the National Guard, including:including:

Receiving and distributing CDC Receiving and distributing CDC pharmaceutical push packagepharmaceutical push package

Border, Port, and Nuclear Power Plant Border, Port, and Nuclear Power Plant security supportsecurity support

Civil Support Teams (CSTs)Civil Support Teams (CSTs)

1515

States’ top prioritiesStates’ top priorities Integrating Incident Command Integrating Incident Command

SystemsSystems– Federal agencies should integrate their Federal agencies should integrate their

command systems into existing state and command systems into existing state and local incident command systems (ICS)local incident command systems (ICS)

– States and locals already have systems States and locals already have systems tailored to local conditionstailored to local conditions

– The Unified Command process is the best The Unified Command process is the best way to integrate command in both crisis way to integrate command in both crisis and consequence managementand consequence management

1616

What are states doing to What are states doing to enhance homeland enhance homeland security?security? In response to September 11, Governors In response to September 11, Governors

designated an advisor and/or director for designated an advisor and/or director for homeland security.homeland security.

Some Governors have chosen to elevate Some Governors have chosen to elevate this position to Cabinet-level, including this position to Cabinet-level, including MA, MO, NY, SC, TN and OR, while others MA, MO, NY, SC, TN and OR, while others have chosen to use the expertise of have chosen to use the expertise of state emergency management directors, state emergency management directors, adjutant generals, and state public adjutant generals, and state public safety departments.safety departments.

1717

What are states doing to What are states doing to enhance homeland enhance homeland security? security? Legislation--States have passed Legislation--States have passed

numerous homeland security numerous homeland security legislative initiatives, including legislative initiatives, including crime, public health, records crime, public health, records protections, and drivers license protections, and drivers license protections initiatives to name a protections initiatives to name a few. few.

1818

What are states doing to What are states doing to enhance homeland enhance homeland security?security? CrimeCrime

– Many comprehensive legislative Many comprehensive legislative packages have been pushed through packages have been pushed through state legislatures rendering terrorism or state legislatures rendering terrorism or support of terrorism an act punishable support of terrorism an act punishable by significant criminal penalties, by significant criminal penalties, including the death penalty. The including the death penalty. The primary approach has been to assign primary approach has been to assign specific criminal statutes to certain specific criminal statutes to certain types of terrorism, including nuclear, types of terrorism, including nuclear, bio- and agroterrorism.bio- and agroterrorism.

1919

What are states doing to What are states doing to enhance homeland enhance homeland security?security? Public HealthPublic Health

– Several states have implemented Several states have implemented differing forms of emergency health differing forms of emergency health powers, bestowing a number of powers powers, bestowing a number of powers on the Governor, including the power on the Governor, including the power to enforce isolation and quarantines, to to enforce isolation and quarantines, to compel movement of persons and compel movement of persons and property, to compel hospitalization and property, to compel hospitalization and vaccination of affected, and to control vaccination of affected, and to control stockpiles of pharmaceuticals.stockpiles of pharmaceuticals.

2020

What are states doing to What are states doing to enhance homeland enhance homeland security?security? Public RecordsPublic Records

– Many states have undertaken Many states have undertaken changes to their “Sunshine Laws” or changes to their “Sunshine Laws” or other forms of statutorily-authorized other forms of statutorily-authorized public records access. In nearly public records access. In nearly every instance, the alterations every instance, the alterations concerned exempting sensitive, concerned exempting sensitive, homeland security-related homeland security-related information from public access.information from public access.

2121

What are states doing to What are states doing to enhance homeland enhance homeland security?security? Driver’s LicensesDriver’s Licenses

– Two main changes have been made Two main changes have been made by states: by states: (1) Linking Visa expiration to the (1) Linking Visa expiration to the

expiration of the driver’s licenseexpiration of the driver’s license (2) Physical alterations to the Driver’s (2) Physical alterations to the Driver’s

license including, bar code information, license including, bar code information, digital biometric technology, and digital biometric technology, and differently colored licenses to designate differently colored licenses to designate foreign versus U.S. citizen statusforeign versus U.S. citizen status

2222

What are states doing to What are states doing to enhance homeland enhance homeland security?security? State Homeland Security State Homeland Security

Initiatives--Initiatives--States have States have compiled plans for addressing compiled plans for addressing various forms of terrorism, various forms of terrorism, including bioterrorism, including bioterrorism, agroterrorism, and nuclear agroterrorism, and nuclear terrorism terrorism

2323

What are states doing to What are states doing to enhance homeland enhance homeland security?security? Critical InfrastructureCritical Infrastructure—Each —Each

state is conducting risk state is conducting risk assessments to determine assessments to determine vulnerabilities in critical vulnerabilities in critical infrastructure infrastructure

2424

What are states doing to What are states doing to enhance homeland enhance homeland security?security? InteroperabilityInteroperability—Governors are —Governors are

taking steps to solve communications taking steps to solve communications interoperability problems, including interoperability problems, including investing in new communications investing in new communications equipment, updating antiquated equipment, updating antiquated communications networks, and communications networks, and developing compatibility standards developing compatibility standards for communications equipmentfor communications equipment

2525

Future considerationsFuture considerations Over the course of the next year, Over the course of the next year,

NGA’s Homeland Security Division will NGA’s Homeland Security Division will be undertaking a number of projects, be undertaking a number of projects, including:including:

– Homeland Security Task ForceHomeland Security Task Force– Bioterrorism ConferenceBioterrorism Conference– Energy Security forumEnergy Security forum– Interoperability policy academyInteroperability policy academy– Intelligence policy academy Intelligence policy academy – New Homeland Security Directors ForumNew Homeland Security Directors Forum