Homologous Vs. Analogous Structures

Homologous Structures (flowers)Broccoli and Cauliflower evolved from Mustard

print Homology: A Bouquet of Broccoli One wouldn't normally munch on a rosebud or snap off a dandelion flower for a quick snack. But in fact, in terms of homologies, when you eat broccoli or cauliflower, you are doing just that. Although not scented or suitable for centerpieces, the green tips of broccoli and the white tips of cauliflower are actually flowers. Through many generations of artificial selection, farmers modified the bright yellow blooms of the wild mustard plant into the edible, vegetal plant parts you'll find nestled next to the ranch dip on the hors d'oeuvre tray.

The bones of the bat, mouse, and human are homologous.

The wings of the bat, butterfly, and bird are made of different coverings, and insects do not have internal bones. The wings are analagous. They have the same function and shape, but are made differently.

Convergent Vs. Divergent Evoultion

Analagous structures help to show Convergent Evolution

Convergent Evolution

• Organisms that are NOT related evolve similar traits as a result of evolving to fit into similar environments or ecological niches.

In different parts of the world, ant eating animals developed long snouts and powerful digging paws.

Convergent Evolution

Divergent Evolution

• a group from a specific population develops into a new species. In order to adapt to various environmental conditions, the two groups develop into distinct species due to differences in the demands driven by the environmental circumstances.

Darwin’s finches show a path towards divergent evolution. The birds’ beaks are

shaped differently so they can occupy different niches in the ecosystem.

Embryonic Development

• Analyzing the embryos ofanimals shows that themore closely related theanimals are, the more aliketheir embryos are duringdevelopment.

Evolutionary Branching Tree

• Like a family tree, it shows how organisms evolved from common ancestors that may no longer be alive on earth today.

• Evolutionary branching trees can show how adaptation leads to new species over time.

Predator-prey "arms race"Predators evolve better ways to catch prey,...

"Drive, George, drive! This one's got a coat hanger!"