honey bees and beekeeping project

Scope of Bee-keeping 1


Scope of Apiculture

Bee-Keeping

OR


Nouman Rafique L1F09MBBF0018 Muhammad Waqas L1F09MBBF2025 Amjab Imtiaz L1F09MBBF2001Saqib Shahid L1F09MBBF0021 Waqas Bhutti L1F09MBBF2006


Honey Bees and Beekeeping

Honey bees are, popular and economically beneficial insects

For thousands of years man has plundered honey bee colonies to get honey, bee larvae and beeswax

Honey bees are commonly kept in artificial hives throughout the Pakistan


Types of Honey BeeThree types of bees in a

Beehive

Queen Drone Worker


Development Time of Honey Bee Castes

Stage Worker Queen Drone

Hatching 3 3 3

Cell Capped 8 8 10

Becomes A Pupa 11 10 14

Becomes An Adult 20 15 22.5

Emerges From Cell 21 16 24

Days after laying egg


Beekeeping Equipment

One new hive with bees and basic equipment costs about Rs.13000.

Hive parts are cut to standard dimensions that mimic the space bees naturally leave between their combs.


Beehive


Parts of BeehiveBottom board

Frames and foundation

Hive body or brood chamber

Queen excluder

Honey supers

Inner cover Outer cover

Smoker

Hive tool

Veil and gloves

Feeders


Frame Lang’s troth beehive


Honey in QuranAfter prophets revelation (wahi) is received by the Honey

Bees•“Honey is a remedy for every illness and the Qur'an is a remedy for all illness of the mind, therefore I recommend to you remedies, the Qur'an and honey.”(Bukhari)

Prophet (PBUH) said:

•“And thy Lord taught the bee to build its cells in hills, on trees and in (men's) habitations.....there issues from within their bodies a drink of varying colors, wherein is healing for mankind.”Qur'an and Hadith refer to

honey as a healer of disease.


Honey bee Disease and Pest

•(AFB) is a bacterial disease of larvae and pupae Infected larvae change color from a healthy pearly white to dark brown and die after they are capped. (Terramycin) American Foulbrood •(EFB) is a bacterial disease of larvae larvae infected

with EFB die before they are capped change to a creamy color and have a smooth "melted" appearance. (Terramycin)European Foulbrood

•Is a fungal disease of larvae. Infected larvae turn a chalky white color, become hard then turn black. Chalk brood is most frequent during damp conditions in early spring. Colonies usually recover on their own. Chalk

brood


Honey bee Disease and Pest

Tracheal Mites - These microscopic mites enter the tracheae (breathing tubes) of young bees. Inside the tracheae, mites block air exchange and pierce the walls of the tubes to suck blood. Symptoms Bees become weak, crawl at the hive entrance.

Infested colonies are treated with Miticur or special formulations of menthol.

Varroa Mites - These mites are about the size of a pin head and are copper in color. Female mites cling to adult bees and suck their blood

Infested colonies almost always die within three to four years unless they are treated

Colonies are treated with Apistan


Buying and Moving Colonies

Buy two colonies instead

of one

Bee hives are easiest to move

during winter when they are

lighter and population are

low

Buy bees in standard

equipment only

Proper care must be needed

and also arrange them

properly


Installing Packaged BeesBuy and packaged bees and queen and transfer to new equipment

9000-22000 bees in two-five pound package

The queen cage has holes at both ends plugged with cork,

sugar syrup as bees food(one part sugar: one part water)


Honey Bee Management

Bees store the honey as surplus that the beekeeper can harvest

Feeding and medicating should be done January through February

Queens resume laying eggs in January

Surplus nectar is available at mid-April

Properly medicate them, re-queen them and control swarming


Processing of Honey

Honey is sold as "extracted" honey - bottled, liquid honey

that has been extracted from the

combs

Equipment cost for honey processing is

only Rs.43000

Equipment for honey processing are• Uncapping knife • Uncapping tank • Extractor• Strainer• Storage tank


Beekeeping a profitable Business

Small LandLess Time Required • Four square feet of land is quite enough for a hive and a

small plot of twenty-five square feet could hold from 25 to 50 hives

Earning• According to the survey conducted at Punjab university

honey research farms a person can earn Rs. 5000/- per month in the fall season of honey. So just imagine how much money you could make if you wanted to be a full-time beekeeper


PARC SurveyPakistan Agriculture Research Council

•Honey is an important nutritive food containing various kinds of sugar, protein, free amino acids, minerals, trace elements, enzymes and vitamins with a fairly high caloric value. Its main sugars - laevulose and dextrose are absorbed directly into the blood and provide rapid energy.

Benefits of Honey

•Apis dorsata•Apis cerana•Apis florea •Apis melliferaSpecies

of Honeybee


PARC SurveyPakistan Agriculture Research Council

•7,000 beekeepers are now rearing exotic species, Apis mellifera in the modern beehives

•There are about 300,000 colonies producing 7,500 metric ton honey annually

•Northern areas, FATA and AJK and can support 1,000,000 honeybee colonies

Bee Farming


Cost / Benefit of beekeeping in Pakistan

Details Part time bee keeping Full time bee-keeping

No. of Colonies 5 50 100 200

Capital Expenditure Rs.27,700 Rs.265,000 Rs.538,000 Rs.1,047,000

Production Cost Rs.5,610 Rs.105,500 Rs.211,800 Rs.375,700

Gross Income Rs.8,250 Rs.220,000 Rs.439,500 Rs.879,000

Net Income Rs.2,640 Rs.114,500 Rs.227,700 Rs.503,300


Break-Even Point

Details Part-time Beekeeper

Full time Beekeeper

No. of Colonies 24 86

Production Expenditure

105500 375700

Gross income 105500 375700

Net Income (0) (0)


Practical work


Honey and its products

•White, Blue, Brown, Green Etc.Colors of

honey

•Kaccha honey•Pacca honey•Queen honey (Royal Jelly)Categories

of honey in each

hive


Royal jelly (Rs. 6000/- Per kg)

Marhaba Honey

Shandor Honey

Bless Beri Honey


Freezing of HoneyFruits like citrus, Malta can be freeze in 5 months

Freezing depend on the quantity of Pollens

Honey freeze at temperature 13-----18 cg

To heat honey: it could be heat at 63 Cg

It can be heat though manual Electronic Oven special for this purpose


Medicinal ValueHydrogen Peroxide Applying

Honey as a Wound Dressing

Allergies

Anemia

Heart Diseases

Headaches and

Migraine Appetite

High Blood

Pressure

Skin

Sore Throat

Stomachache

Teeth


Resource/ReferencesGroup survey at Punjab university Zoology dept.

•Advice by Prof. Nasreen Zafar (Head PU Honey Dept.)

•Assistant Muabashar HussainSurvey at Punjab university Honey

Bee research farm

•http://www.pyroenergen.com•http://www.honey-health.com•http://itotd.com/articles/218/honey-as-medicine•http://www.alternative-medicine-online.com/Health_Articles/hone

y_natural_treatment.html•www.parc.gov.pk/faq/hbm.html

Websites links

Qarshi Marhaba laboratories head office kot lakhpat Lahore

http://www.pyroenergen.com/

http://www.honey-health.com/

http://itotd.com/articles/218/honey-as-medicine

http://www.alternative-medicine-online.com/Health_Articles/honey_natural_treatment.html

http://www.alternative-medicine-online.com/Health_Articles/honey_natural_treatment.html

http://www.parc.gov.pk/faq/hbm.html

honey bees and beekeeping project

Technology