Honors English 10

FORMAL AND INFORMAL SENTENCE

QUOTATION

1. When I say “key word or phrase,” what do I mean?

What isn’t a key word or phrase?

2. Where does the citation belong?3. What belongs in the citation?4. Where does the end

punctuation (period/exclamation point/question mark) belong?

REVIEW KEY WORD AND PHRASE

THE FORMAL SENTENCE

INTRODUCTION

1. Choose a complete sentence to quote from your text, including the citation.

“‘It was a witch,’ said Kay” (White 55).

2. The words (your words) introducing a sentence quotation must be a complete sentence. They should say something that you want your reader to see or understand about the quotation.

Kay’s statement in the closing sentence of Chapter 6 supports the concept of the gore-crow as a symbol of Morgause

3. Formal Sentence Quotations introductions are followed by a colon (:)

Kay’s statement in the closing sentence of Chapter 6 supports the concept of the gore-crow as a symbol of Morgause: “‘It was a witch,’ said Kay” (White 55).

THE STEPS (FORMAL)

Why? What does a colon do?The colon indicates that what follows it is an explanation or elaboration of what precedes it.

(A colon never follows a ____ or ____ or ____)

Verb or a Preposition or a Conjunction (or interjection)

FORMAL SENTENCE QUOTATION

Kay’s statement in the closing sentence of Chapter 6 supports the concept of the gore-crow as a symbol of Morgause: “‘It was a witch,’ said Kay” (White 55).

NOTE: Single quotation marks are ONLY used for dialogue/quotation within another quotation.

FORMAL

THE INFORMAL SENTENCE

INTRODUCTION

1. The informal starts with a dependent clause introduction stating either the speaker or the author as narrator.

It’s followed by a comma. When White writes, When Arthur says,

2. We quote a full sentence of text, followed by another comma inside the quotation marks. The intro and quotation serve as one large dependent clause.

When White writes, “The weather-cock was a carrion crow, with an arrow in its beak to point to the wind,”

3. All of that is followed by a sentence of your writing that analyzes the quotation, followed by the citation.

When White writes, “The weather-cock was a carrion crow, with an arrow in its beak to point to the wind,” he reveals a connection between the crow that took Arthur’s arrow in Book I and the Orkney boys (214).

BREAKING DOWN THE INFORMAL

When White writes, “The weather-cock was a carrion crow, with an arrow in its beak to point to the wind,” he reveals a connection between the crow that took Arthur’s arrow in Book I and the Orkney boys (214).Special Note: except in extremely rare circumstances, commas always go inside quotation marks.

INFORMAL EXAMPLE

FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN! FUN!

ELLIPSIS AND BRACKETS

The ellipsis may be used in sentence quotations to alter content.

Why do we use them?Everything you quote should be discussed, so if we’re not going to discuss it, don’t quote it.

ELLIPSIS

What is an ellipsis…?

Omits unnecessary content from your source material.

Janson reveals his lust for killing when he yells, “Bring me your children, . . . and I will educate them with my sword!” (Brown 32).

Original quotation: “Bring me your fourth and fifth children, the ones that were not here last night when we wanted supper but were away in Waterloo, and I will educate them with my sword.”

ELLIPSIS EXAMPLE

Brackets look like this [X] and are used for three distinctly diff erent purposes:

…to add a word for enhancing sentence structure’s fluency “He felt sorry for [his] mother, the sad and useless wreck that she

was.”

…to add a SHORT fact to clarify the meaning. “This nigromancer [Merlyn], would you believe it, by means of

his infernal arts, succeeded in putting the treacherous Uther Pendragon inside our Granny's Castle.“

…to change grammar (tense, word endings, etc.) for blending purposes (Think KWPQ)

He never understands what “[is] expected of him.” Used to be “was expected of him.”

BRACKETS

When adding a word or a fact, nothing is removed from the author’s sentence.

When changing the grammar, the author’s words are removed and replaced by your words.

GUIDELINES FOR USE OF BRACKETS

Introductions Practice

PRACTICE!