hopi tribe
DESCRIPTION
Hopi Tribe. Jessica Puchalski. Location. Live in Southwestern part of the United States(present day Arizona and New Mexico) Lived on top and under mesas, in Pueblos. Climate. Land was a low, flat desert with some high plateaus It was dry so not much wildlife - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Hopi Tribe
Jessica Puchalski
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Location
Live in Southwestern part of the United States(present day Arizona and New Mexico)
Lived on top and under mesas, in Pueblos
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Climate
Land was a low, flat desert with some high plateaus
It was dry so not much wildlifeHot during the day and cold at night
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Resources
Raised sheep for meet and woolUsed straw, clay and water to build their
homesCoal, sheep dung, wood for cooking and
chairsUsed horses for transportation
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Economic Lifestyle
In the beginning they were a hunting and gathering group divided into numerous small bands that lived in pit houses
Around 700 A.D. the Hopi became agricultural people growing corn using runoff from the mesas
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Decline or Rising Status
Hopi lived on a 1.5 million acre reservation in northeastern Arizona
Have longest history of occupation of a single area by any Native American tribe
Lands were drastically reduced and their current reservation is only 9% of their original land
Originally occupied almost all Northern Arizona from California to parts of Southern Nevada
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Migration of CultureOriginally walkedEuropeans brought horses to AmericaThe Hopis used the horses and could now
travel more quickly than before
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Government
Had a theocratic government with a head priest (Kikmongwi) of each village
Today, each Hopi village still has its own kikmongwi, but he is primarily a religious leader
The Hopi nation is now led by an elected tribal council Hopis live on a reservation, which is land that belongs
to them and is under their control Hopi Nation has its own government, laws, police, and
services, just like a small country Still US citizens and must obey American law
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Relationships
Traded with other tribes Southwest (Pueblo tribes for the most part)
Navajos were trading partners at times, but also enemies and invaded Hopi villages
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Culture
Hopi children hunted with their fathers Hopi woman were in charge of their family Men were in charge of the tribes politics, agriculture
and war Hopis are matrilineal (trace their family through their
mothers) Political leaders and warriors were traditionally always
men Both genders took part in storytelling, music and
artwork
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Contributions to Society
Came up with dry Farming Method(farming without irrigation)
Developed techniques and practices used by farmers to adapt to the lack of moisture/rainfall
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Religion
Held special ceremonies in an underground room called a kiva
Believed in over 300 spirits called KachinasThey carved Kachina dolls to teach their
children the names and powers of spirits
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Music
Sang about the kachina Played drums and flutes
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Literature
Hopi is a complex language with long wordsDistant relative of the Aztec languageNot related to other Pueblo languages at allHopi people speak English today, but still
speak their native language as wellHa’u (hah-uh) means "hello" in Hopi.
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Art
Carved Kachina dollsMade pottery and baskets
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Clothing
Girls wore a manta(blanket you wrap around yourself)
Woman also wore cotton robes with a embroidered belt
Hopi men wore breechclothsMen often wore a sleeveless shirt worn like a
poncho, leggings cut off just above the kneees and moccasins made of deer skin
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Customs
Held Kachina ceremonies in JulyMarriage was a major event in their livesWeddings take place over six to ten days
(include elaborate gift exchanges between the bride and groom’s families)
Each part of her outfit is woven by the groom and the men of his family and given to her as a gift.
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Cuisine
Ate crops such as cornBread, beans, melons, gourds, pumpkins and
some fruitsLots of space to plant, but there wasn’t much
rainHunted meat products such as elk, deer, sheep,
rabbit, buffaloFarming was necessary and a lot of foods came
from crops
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Education
Passed down legends and fairytales through storytelling (very important to their culture)
Father taught son how to huntChildren learn from parents
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Technology
Hunters used bows and arrowsDuring wars fired their bows or fought with
spearsTools included wooden farm implements,
spindles and looms for weaving cotton (and later wool), and pump drills for boring holes in turquoise and other beads.
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Works Cited
http://www.bigorrin.org/hopi_kids.htmhttp://www.folkways.si.edu/albumdetails.aspx
?itemid=813http
://exhibit.juncanoo.com/p/highlights-of-the-galleries/hopi%20wedding%20manta/
http://www.theinnovationdiaries.com/2110/hopi-dry-land-farming/