hose assembly installation and maintenance...

Hose Assembly Installation and Maintenance TipsPamphlet 107 April 2009

Parker Stratoflex Overview

Products for aerospace and military:• Break-away valves• Hose/tube combination assemblies• Hydraulic flow regulators • Hydraulic fuses • Metal hose, convoluted• Metal tube assemblies• PTFE hose, convoluted• PTFE hose, smooth bore• Rubber hose• Swivels• Quick-disconnect couplings• Tube fittings

General Guidelines

RULE NO. 1: NEVER MIX different manufacturers’ hose and fittings or other accessories. FAA (TSO) approvals are “as tested”.

RULE NO. 2: There are FIVE (5) parts to every hose assembly: hose, two (2) end fittings, proper assembly processing or procedure(s), and proper tooling.

RULE NO. 3: Most hose assembly failures are a result of improper installation/handling, abuse, or old age.

When selecting a hose assembly, be certain it meets:• Size requirements• Pressure requirements, both operating and profile or application• Temperature range• Fluid compatibility• Bend radius

Applications:• Air data systems• Airframes• Bleed air systems• Coolant systems• Engines• Fuel/oil systems• Hydraulic systems• Nacelles• Oxygen systems• Pitot static systems• Potable water systems • Pneumatic systems• Refrigerant systems

2

Hose

Hose Fitting

Type Approval

Each aerospace hose assembly has an FAA approval. Positive verification is required for proper installation.

• Type Certificate (TC)• Supplemental Type Certificate (STC)• Technical Standard Order (TSO)• Part Manufacturing Authority (PMA) (8130-3)• Industry Standard (AN-AS-MS-NAS)• Direct Ship Authority (DSA)• Repaired Assembly (8130-3)

Installation and Care of Hose and Hose Assemblies

General:All hose assemblies whether rubber or PTFE, should always be handled with care to prevent excessive bending, twisting, and kinking. Dragging hose on ground surfaces, using them as climbing handles, and severe bending to fit cramped storage areas must be avoided. Kinking of hose occurs more easily in larger sizes and in very short assemblies. Care should be exercised in handling and installing both rubber and PTFE hose assemblies.

NEVER STEP ON, STAND ON, OR PULL HOSE.

Proper Storage:Prior to installation, hose assemblies should be capped with appropriate dust caps or plugs, properly identified (tagged) by part number, and stored in an area free from dust or other contamination. Do not use in cramped or otherwise confined storage areas. If long lengths of PTFE hose are coiled for storage, a liberal coil diameter must be provided to ensure against kinking. Never coil hose so that the minimum bend radius(ii) can be exceeded. See AS1933 for more information and rubber age limits.

Inspection: Inspect 1. internally for evidence of tube restriction due to collapse, kinking, or other damage.

Inspect 2. externally for wire damage. Assemblies with wire damage should be replaced.

3. Proof pressure test all aerospace hose assemblies to required pressures.

3

Installation and Care of Hose and Hose Assemblies(continued)

Chafe Protection:Chafe guards of PTFE, vinyl, polyester, or other suitable material should be used any time there is a possibility of chafing. Chafing should be avoided by routing of the hose assembly or by proper clamping.

Tips for Proper Installation:1. Attach the hose to the most inaccessible end of its routing first.

Finger tighten only, so the hose is free to turn during initial installation. Hose should not be twisted on final installation.

2. Attach the other end of the hose in the same manner.

3. Properly orient the hose along its routing and install the required line support clamps.

4. Use proper torque and remember to always lubricate! Use established installation torque values or consult SAE for limits. Dissimilar materials or metals require different values (e.g. aluminum to stainless steel).

4


When securing the line support clamps, exercise care in distributing hose slack between the hose connections and the clamps. Do not bend or force the hose to a sharp angle at any location. Be sure to use gradual curves for all routing. Installation of clamps must never restrict travel or cause the hose line to be subjected to tension, torsion, compression, or shear stress during flexing cycles. Avoid installation of undersize hose support clamps. See SAE.

Position hose assemblies so the flexible portion of the hose extends at least one times the hose diameter before starting a bend.

Always lubricate fitting threads prior to installation. Two wrenches may be used to tighten end connections to prevent twisting of the hose or over-torquing of fittings. Use one wrench to hold the nipple hex, if provided, while the other wrench is used to tighten the swivel nut. On hose assemblies that do not provide a hex for holding, use extra care to prevent twisting of hoses.

Small Bend Radius:Many installations require a small bend radius. There are hose (assembly) types specially designed and tested for these applications. Also, follow routing guidelines presented here and in the appropriate Stratoflex Hose Catalog.

Identifying Hose and Hose Assemblies:Before replacing a hose assembly, be sure to correctly identify it so the right replacement can be made. Some hoses have a layline on the cover that gives identifying information. Bulk hose with a stainless steel outer braid are iden-tified with a white tape. The assembly is normally tagged as well.

5

Conventional Hose

Stratoflex 101 Lightweight Flexible PTFE Hose


Typical laylines are repeated every nine to ten inches along the length of the hose and provide the following information:

• Manufacturer’s name and manufacturer’s code• Mil-SPEC or industry spec number• Part number• Dash number (or code letter) for size• Manufactured/cure date (if rubber)

To prevent misapplication, do not use unmarked hose assemblies until positively identified. Metal identification bands are often used to tag hose assemblies with the part number(s), manufacturer, size, type, date of manufacture, and maximum operating pressure.

Which Hose to Use First:To minimize aging effects of hose in storage, use the “first-in, first-out” principle when selecting hose assemblies and bulk hose. Do not build rubber hose assemblies for prolonged storage. Pressure test all assemblies before installation. Do not install hose that has exceeded the established age limits (see AS1933 for age limits) or that show aging signs (separation of plies, cracks, etc.).

6

How to Measure and Specify Double Elbow Fittings on a Hose Assembly

Measuring:When installations require hose assemblies with elbow fittings on both ends, hold the assembly so the nearest fitting is pointed in the 6 o’clock posi-tion. Measure the angle between the fittings counter-clockwise. When both fittings point to 6 o’clock, this is specified as zero degrees.

Specifying Position:Suffix the hose assembly part number with the number of degrees in the angle. (Example: 111511E0185D180; 180 degree Twist Angle). See applicable Catalog/Assembly Drawing for specific (hose) example.

7

Troubleshooting Hose Assemblies See SAE

• Inspect hoses frequently• Replace worn or damaged hoses• Proper clamping is critical• Consult Parker Stratoflex for current approved products• Periodically verify “B” nuts are tight

Chafed Hose • Abrasion • Improper clamping

Kinked Hose • Smooth-bore PTFE hose is prone to kinking • Restricts fluid flow • Damaged beyond repair

Broken Wires • Inspect external wire braid • Any broken wires is cause for removal/scrap

Heat Damaged (Brittle) Hose • Elastomeric, PTFE and metal hose have heat

limitations • Cracks during flexing

8

Twisted Hose• Hose is not designed to be

twisted• Induces stress• Promotes premature wear

Leaking Hose• Wetness around fitting• Aged hose• Improper fitting attachment

Rusted Hose• Corroded wire braids• Any corrosion makes hose

assembly suspect

Key Words and Terminology

Accountability – All part numbers, processes, procedures, and tooling must be verifiable.

Aerospace Crimp Data Form (ACDF) “SPECIFIC” (hose, fittings, tooling), [124/1124/T08151]

Aerospace Fabrication Procedure (AFP) “GENERAL”, Examples: • AFP 501 Aerospace Fabrication Procedure (Field Attach. Hose – Ftgs) • AFP 502 Aerospace Fabrication Procedure (Med/High Press. Smth

Bore PTFE Hose) • AFP 508 Aerospace Fabrication Procedure (101 Hose)

Aerospace Field Attachable Data (AFAD) “SPECIFIC” (for Tooling) Examples: • AFAD-111-XXX • AFAD-156-XXX • AFAD-124-XXX • AFAD-193-XXX

Assembly Date – Hose assembly fabrication date.

Audit – Periodic review of hose shops and assembly fabrication procedures.

Ball Gage – Inspection method for the inside diameter of a hose assembly.

Beam Seal – Fitting connection per MIL-F-85421, a.k.a. “Dynamic Beam Seal and Lip Seal”.

Bend Radius – The amount of arc (bending) a hose is capable of meeting. Usually measured from inside hose wall.

Burst Pressure – Maximum limit a hose is designed to be pressurized.

CAGE Code (Stratoflex FBU #98441, CBU #11362, JBU #50599) – Commercial and Governmental Entity code.

Catalog Part Number – Basic hose assembly numbering nomenclature.

Certification – Verification of conformity to a stated requirement.

Chafe Guard – Protection applied to the external surface of a hose assembly.

Coded Part Number – Serialized numbering sequence.

Configuration – Physical appearance of a hose assembly.

Cuff – Integral silicone sleeve used to slip over the end fitting sockets.

Cure Date – Manufacture date of bulk elastomeric (rubber) hose.

Crimp Diameter – Precise outside diameter of a compressed fitting socket.

9


Direct Ship Authority (DSA) – OEM authorized sale of spares direct to third-party customers.

Distributor Quality Program Manual – Stratoflex Quality Manual for distributors.

Dynatube® (Lip Seal) – Fitting per MIL-F-85421, a.k.a. beam-seal.

Electro-etch – Method of marking identification bands using a mild acid.

End-dip – Sealant used to coat/cover the ends of AS1072 (2650-size) slip-over firesleeve.

Equipment Manual – Illustrated parts list for equipment used to fabricate hose assemblies.

Fabrication Date – The day the hose assembly was built.

Ferrule – Ring of metal (socket) covering the fitting nipple.

Field Attachable – Screw-together fittings able to install with wrenches and mandrel.

Fire Proof – 2000ºF for (15) minutes.

Fire Resistant – 2000ºF for (5) minutes.

Firesleeve – Slip-over orange silicone and fiberglass impregnated sleeve per AS1072 and/or brown/orange integral silicone extruded directly over the wire braid.

Flange – 3-4 bolt-holes, flat face seal with o-ring.

Flare – Female 37º degree flare end fitting per AS4395, also mates with MS33656.

Flareless (a.k.a. “Globeseal’’, obsolete trade name) – Female fitting per AS4375, mates with MS33514, NAS1760.

Flats From Finger Tight (FFFT) – Method of measuring torque by counting wrench flats.

Gage Point – Precise measuring location of the end fitting.

High Pressure – Typical pressures of 3,000 psi and above.

Hose Specification – The standard form used to define key characteristics of bulk hose.

Identification Tag – The band (typically metal) nameplate for hose assembly identification.

10


Industry Standard (AN-AS-MS-NAS) – “General” component performance specifications.

Information Bulletin – Stratoflex standardized format used to explain additional topic information.

Inside Diameter – Internal cross-section measurement of a hose.

Internal Support Coil – Internal reinforcement to enhance the crush resistance of a hose.

Jump Factor – Amount of movement a fitting travels during the crimp process.

Kevlar® (Para-Aramid) – Synthetic, nonmetallic reinforcement used in the manufacture of hose.

Liability – That for which one is liable.

Lot Code – Serialized number for traceability assigned to each manufacturing “run” of hose.

Low Pressure – Typical pressures of up to 500 psi.

Manufacture Date – The date a product is produced, a.k.a. Cure Date.

Medium Pressure – Typical pressures of between 500-3,000 psi.

MIL-SPEC (MIL-DTL-25579, Etc.) – Government document used to define a product.

MIL-STD (MS8005, MIL-STD-130, Etc.) – Government document used to define a product.

Nipple – Section of the end fitting that is inserted inside the hose.

NUTLOK® – Female threaded portion of the end fitting.

Outside Diameter – The outer-most cross-section dimension of a hose.

Part Manufacturing Authority (PMA) – FAA authorization to mark with OEM number (8130-3).

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) – Generic name of Teflon® compound used in the manufacture of hose.

Pounds Per Square Inch (PSI) – Pressure measurement used to define hose strength.

11


Process Specification – Step-by-step instructions, Example: 3146X Hose, use P-104-212; 3147-X Hose, use P-104-213.

Repaired Assembly (8130-3 Tag) – Method used to identify, inspect, and verify aircraft hoses.

Reusable – Term to describe field attachable fittings. It implies a fitting may be reused.

Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) – Engineering Society.

Sealant – See “End-dip”.

Silicone Cover – Outer layer of integral firesleeved hose.

Skive – Method of removing the hose cover to expose the reinforcement for fitting installation.

Socket – Ring of metal (ferrule) covering the fitting nipple.

Spiral – Method of applying hose reinforcement during the manufacturing process.

Standard Drawing – Drawing that depicts the basic design details of an assembly.

Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) – FAA production certificate for an approved product modification (ie aircraft, engine, propeller, etc.)

Technical Standard Order (TSO) – FAA performance specification.

Test/Proof Pressure – Typically twice the rated working pressure of a hose assembly.

Traceability – Ability to account for a complete history of a part.

Twist Angle – Angular rotation of one elbow end fitting relative to the one on the opposite end.

Type Certificate (TC) – A design approval issued by the FAA when a product (airframe, engine, hose, etc.) complies with applicable regulations.

Wall Thickness – The dimension used to define the area compressed between nipple and socket.

Working Pressure – System pressure the hose assembly will operate within.

12

References:

1. Society of Automotive Engineers International (SAE) 400 Commonwealth Drive Warrendale, PA 15096-0001 Phone: 1-724-776-4841 (World Headquarters Receptionist) Toll-Free: 1-877-606-7323 (Customer Service) Fax: 1-724-776-0790 (Customer Service) www.sae.org

2. SAE Documents:

A. Aerospace Information Reports:AIR310 Fittings, Catalog of Flared, Flareless, Pipe Threaded, Port,

Hose and Other Type Tube Standard Connectors

AIR797 Hose Characteristics and Selection Chart

AIR1569 Handling and Installation Practices for Aerospace Hose Assemblies

AIR4543 Aerospace Hydraulics and Actuation Lessons Learned

AIR4918 Industry Practices and Guidelines for the Selection of Coiled Tubes, Flexible Hoses, Swivels, and Extension Fittings for Aircraft Fluid Systems

AIR5005 Aerospace – Commercial Aircraft Hydraulic Systems

AIR5386 Hose and Hose Assembly – Selection, Installation, Inspection, and Maintenance (new, not yet released)

AIR5693 Compatibility of PTFE Hose Assemblies with Typical Fluids Found in Aerospace Applications, (Proposed Draft 2004-10)

B. Aerospace Recommended Practice:ARP24 Determination of Hydraulic Pressure Drop

ARP908 Torque Requirements, Installation and Qualification Test, Hose and Tube Fittings

ARP994 Recommended Practice for the Design of Tubing Installations for Aerospace Fluid Power Systems

ARP1658 Visual Inspection Guide for Installed Hose Assemblies

ARP4752 Aerospace – Design and Installation of Commercial Transport Aircraft Hydraulic Systems

13

References:

2. SAE Documents (continued):

C. Aerospace Standard:AS1290 Graphic Symbols for Aircraft Hydraulic and

Pneumatic Systems

AS1933 Age Controls for Hose Containing Age-Sensitive Elastomeric Material

AS4941 Aerospace – General Requirements for Commercial Aircraft Hydraulic Components

AS5440 Hydraulic Systems, Aircraft Design and Installation Requirements for – FSC 1650

3. U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Documents:

A. Advisory Circular: AC20-7N General Aviation Inspection Aids Summary, 1976

AC43.13-1B CHG 1 Acceptable Methods, Techniques and Practices – Aircraft Inspection and Repair

14

15

Flow CapacitiesFlow Capacities of Parker Hose at Recommended Flow Velocities

The nomogram below is provided as an aid for determining the correct hose size.

Problem:At 16 gallons per minute (gpm), what is the proper hose size for pressure lines?

Solution:Locate 16 gallons per minute in the left-hand column and 20 feet per second in the right-hand column (the maximum recommended velocity range for pressure lines). Lay a straight edge across these two points. The inside diameter required is shown in the center column at or above the straight edge. In this case, we need a hose I.D. of 0.625 (5/8) inch or larger.

Use the same procedure for suction of return lines, except utilizing their respective maximum recommended velocities.

FlowGallons per Minute

Pounds and Ounces to Kilograms

16

0 pounds to 40 pounds (by ounces)

POUNDS

OUNCES

BASIS: 100 pounds 45.359 kilograms

KILOGRAMS

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

-

0.454

0.907

1.361

1.814

2.268

2.722

3.175

3.629

4.082

4.536

4.990

5.443

5.897

6.350

6.804

7.257

7.711

8.165

8.618

9.072

9.525

9.979

10.43

10.89

11.34

11.79

12.25

12.70

13.15

13.61

14.06

14.51

14.97

15.42

15.88

16.33

16.78

17.24

17.69

18.14

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

0.028

0.482

0.936

1.389

1.843

2.296

2.750

3.203

3.657

4.111

4.564

5.018

5.471

5.925

6.379

6.832

7.286

7.739

8.193

8.647

9.100

9.554

10.01

10.46

10.91

11.37

11.82

12.28

12.73

13.18

13.64

14.09

14.54

15.00

15.45

15.90

16.36

16.81

17.26

17.72

18.17

0.057

0.510

0.964

1.417

1.871

2.325

2.778

3.232

3.685

4.139

4.593

5.046

5.500

5.953

6.407

6.861

7.314

7.768

8.221

8.675

9.129

9.582

10.04

10.49

10.94

11.40

11.85

12.30

12.76

13.21

13.66

14.12

14.57

15.03

15.48

15.93

16.39

16.84

17.29

17.75

18.20

0.085

0.539

0.992

1.446

1.899

2.353

2.807

3.260

3.714

4.167

4.621

5.075

5.528

5.982

6.435

6.889

7.343

7.796

8.250

8.703

9.157

9.610

10.06

10.52

10.97

11.42

11.88

12.33

12.79

13.24

13.69

14.15

14.60

15.05

15.51

15.96

16.41

16.87

17.32

17.78

18.23

0.113

0.567

1.021

1.474

1.928

2.381

2.835

3.289

3.742

4.196

4.649

5.103

5.557

6.010

6.464

6.917

7.371

7.824

8.278

8.732

9.185

9.639

10.09

10.55

11.00

11.45

11.91

12.36

12.81

13.27

13.72

14.17

14.63

15.08

15.54

15.99

16.44

16.90

17.35

17.80

18.26

0.142

0.595

1.049

1.503

1.956

2.410

2.863

3.317

3.770

4.224

4.678

5.131

5.585

6.038

6.492

6.946

7.399

7.853

8.306

8.760

9.214

9.667

10.12

10.57

11.03

11.48

11.94

12.39

12.84

13.30

13.75

14.20

14.66

15.11

15.56

16.02

16.47

16.92

17.38

17.83

18.29

0.170

0.624

1.077

1.531

1.984

2.438

2.892

3.345

3.799

4.252

4.706

5.160

5.613

6.067

6.520

6.974

7.428

7.881

8.335

8.788

9.242

9.696

10.15

10.60

11.06

11.51

11.96

12.42

12.87

13.32

13.78

14.23

14.69

15.14

15.59

16.05

16.50

16.95

17.41

17.86

18.31

0.198

0.652

1.106

1.559

2.013

2.466

2.920

3.374

3.827

4.281

4.734

5.188

5.642

6.095

6.549

7.002

7.456

7.910

8.363

8.817

9.270

9.724

10.18

10.63

11.08

11.54

11.99

12.45

12.90

13.35

13.81

14.26

14.71

15.17

15.62

16.07

16.53

16.98

17.43

17.89

18.34

0.227

0.680

1.134

1.588

2.041

2.495

2.948

3.402

3.856

4.309

4.763

5.216

5.670

6.123

6.577

7.031

7.484

7.938

8.391

8.845

9.299

9.752

10.21

10.66

11.11

11.57

12.02

12.47

12.93

13.38

13.83

14.29

14.74

15.20

15.65

16.10

16.56

17.01

17.46

17.92

18.37

0.255

0.709

1.162

1.616

2.070

2.523

2.977

3.430

3.884

4.337

4.791

5.245

5.698

6.152

6.605

7.059

7.513

7.966

8.420

8.873

9.327

9.781

10.23

10.69

11.14

11.59

12.05

12.50

12.96

13.41

13.86

14.32

14.77

15.22

15.68

16.13

16.58

17.04

17.49

17.95

18.40

0.283

0.737

1.191

1.644

2.098

2.551

3.005

3.459

3.912

4.366

4.819

5.273

5.727

6.180

6.634

7.087

7.541

7.995

8.448

8.902

9.355

9.809

10.26

10.72

11.17

11.62

12.08

12.53

12.98

13.44

13.89

14.34

14.80

15.25

15.71

16.16

16.61

17.07

17.52

17.97

18.43

0.312

0.765

1.219

1.673

2.126

2.580

3.033

3.487

3.941

4.394

4.848

5.301

5.755

6.209

6.662

7.116

7.569

8.023

8.477

8.930

9.384

9.837

10.29

10.74

11.20

11.65

12.11

12.56

13.01

13.47

13.92

14.37

14.83

15.28

15.73

16.19

16.64

17.09

17.55

18.00

18.46

0.340

0.794

1.247

1.701

2.155

2.608

3.062

3.515

3.969

4.423

4.876

5.330

5.783

6.237

6.690

7.144

7.598

8.051

8.505

8.958

9.412

9.866

10.32

10.77

11.23

11.68

12.13

12.59

13.04

13.49

13.95

14.40

14.86

15.31

15.76

16.22

16.67

17.12

17.58

18.03

18.48

0.369

0.822

1.276

1.729

2.183

2.637

3.090

3.544

3.997

4.451

4.904

5.358

5.812

6.265

6.719

7.172

7.626

8.080

8.533

8.987

9.440

9.894

10.35

10.80

11.25

11.71

12.16

12.62

13.07

13.52

13.98

14.43

14.88

15.34

15.79

16.24

16.70

17.15

17.61

18.06

18.51

0.397

0.850

1.304

1.758

2.211

2.665

3.118

3.572

4.026

4.479

4.933

5.386

5.840

6.294

6.747

7.201

7.654

8.108

8.562

9.015

9.469

9.922

10.38

10.83

11.28

11.74

12.19

12.64

13.10

13.55

14.00

14.46

14.91

15.37

15.82

16.27

16.73

17.18

17.63

18.09

18.54

0.425

0.879

1.332

1.786

2.240

2.693

3.147

3.600

4.054

4.508

4.961

5.415

5.868

6.322

6.776

7.229

7.683

8.136

8.590

9.043

9.497

9.951

10.40

10.86

11.31

11.77

12.22

12.67

13.13

13.58

14.03

14.49

14.94

15.39

15.85

16.30

16.75

17.21

17.66

18.12

18.57

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Torque Conversions/Metric Conversions

TORQUE CONVERSIONS

pound foot x 12 = pound inchpound foot x 1.356 = Newton meterNewton meter x 8.850 = pound inchNewton meter x .0.737 = pound footpound inch x .083 = pound footpound inch x 0.113 = Newton meter

Recommended torque values for aerospace are best determined by the system manufacturer/user. High vibration or side load installations may require "special" torque recommendation.

The basic torque range, by size and material combination, can be found in SAE ARP908.

METRIC TO ENGLISH

inches x 25.4 = millimeters (mm)inches x 2.54 = centimeters (cm)feet x .3048 = meters (m)yard x .9144 = meters (m)psi x .0689 = barpsi x.0069 = Megapascals (MPa)psi x .0703 = Kilogram force per square centimeter(Kgf/cm2)pound force x 4.448 = Newtonspound • inch x .113 = Newton • meters (N • m)pound • foot x 1.356 = Newton • meters (N • m)millimeter x .0394 = inch (in)centimeter x .3937 = inch (in)meters x 3.281 = feet (ft)meters x 1.0936 = yards (yd)bar x 14.5 = psiMegapascals x 145.0 = psiKilogram force per square centimeter x 14.22 = psiNewtons x .2248 = pounds force (lb • f)Newton • meter x 8.850 = pound • inches (lb • in)Newton • meter x .737 = pound feet (lb • ft)

MILLIMETERS to FRACTIONS to DECIMALS

MM

FRACTIONAL DECIMAL

INCHES

0.3969

0.7938

1.1906

1.5875

1.9844

2.3812

2.7781

3.1750

3.5719

3.9688

4.3656

4.7625

5.1594

5.5562

5.9531

6.3500

MM

FRACTIONAL DECIMAL

INCHES

1/64

1/32

3/64

1/16

5/64

3/32

7/64

1/8

9/64

5/32

11/64

3/16

13/64

7/32

15/64

1/4

0.0156

0.0312

0.0468

0.0625

0.0781

0.0937

0.1093

0.1250

0.1406

0.1562

0.1718

0.1875

0.2031

0.2187

0.2343

0.2500

MM

FRACTIONAL DECIMAL

INCHESMM

FRACTIONAL DECIMAL

INCHES

6.7469

7.1438

7.5406

7.9375

8.3344

8.7312

9.1281

9.5250

9.9219

10.3188

10.7156

11.1125

11.5094

11.9062

12.3031

12.7000

17/64

9/32

19/64

5/16

21/64

11/32

23/64

3/8

25/64

13/32

27/64

7/16

29/64

15/32

31/64

1/2

0.2656

0.2812

0.2968

0.3125

0.3281

0.3437

0.3593

0.3750

0.3906

0.4062

0.4218

0.4375

0.4531

0.4687

0.4843

0.5000

33/64

17/32

35/64

9/16

37/64

19/32

39/64

5/8

41/64

21/32

43/64

11/16

45/64

23/32

47/64

3/4

0.5156

0.5312

0.5468

0.5625

0.5781

0.5937

0.6093

0.6250

0.6406

0.6562

0.6718

0.6875

0.7031

0.7187

0.7343

0.7500

13.0969

13.4938

13.8906

14.2875

14.6844

15.0812

15.4781

15.8750

16.2719

16.6688

17.0656

17.4625

17.8594

18.2562

18.6531

19.0500

19.4469

19.8438

20.2406

20.2375

21.0344

21.4312

21.8281

22.2250

22.6219

23.0188

23.4156

23.8125

24.2094

24.6062

25.0031

25.4000

49/64

25/32

51/64

13/16

53/64

27/32

55/64

7/8

57/64

29/32

59/64

15/16

61/64

31/32

63/64

1

0.7656

0.7812

0.7968

0.8125

0.8281

0.8437

0 .8593

0.8750

0.8906

0.9062

0.9218

0.9375

0.9531

0.9687

0.9843

1.0000

Pressure Conversions

18

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

90,000

100,000

200,000

300,000

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

200

300

0.7

1.4

2.1

2.8

3.4

4.1

4.8

5.5

6.2

6.9

13.8

20.7

27.6

34.5

41.4

48.3

55.2

62.1

68.9

137.9

206.8

275.8

344.7

413.7

482.6

551.6

620.5

689

1,379

2,068

2,758

0.70

1.41

2.11

2.81

3.52

4.22

4.92

5.63

6.33

7.00

14.10

21.10

28.10

35.20

42.20

49.20

56.30

63.30

70.30

140.70

211.00

281.30

351.60

421.90

492.30

562.60

632.90

703.00

1406.00

2110.00

2813.00

0.07

0.14

0.21

0.28

0.34

0.41

0.48

0.55

0.62

0.7

1.4

2.1

2.8

3.4

4.1

4.8

5.5

6.2

6.9

13.8

20.7

27.6

34.5

41.4

48.3

55.2

62.1

68.9

137.9

206.8

275.8

68.9

137.9

206.8

275.8

344.7

413.7

482.6

551.6

620.5

689

1,379

2,068

2,758

3,447

4,137

4,826

5,516

6,205

6,895

13,790

20,684

27,579

34,474

41,369

48,263

55,158

62,053

68,948

137,895

206,843

275,790

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

14.5

29.0

43.5

58.0

72.5

87.0

101.5

116.0

130.5

145.0

290.1

435.1

580.2

725.2

870.2

1,015.3

1,160.3

1,305.3

1,450

2,901

4,351

5,802

7,252

8,702

10,153

11,603

13,053

14,504

29,008

43,511

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

2000

3000

1.0

2.0

3.1

4.1

5.1

6.1

7.1

8.2

9.2

10.2

20.4

30.6

40.8

51.0

61.2

71.4

81.6

91.8

102.0

204.0

306.0

408.0

510.0

612.0

714.0

816.0

918.0

1020.0

2040.0

3060.0

KILO-PASCALS

(KPa)

KILO-PASCALS

(KPa)

MEGA-PASCALS

(MPa)

MEGA-PASCALS

(MPa)

KILOGRAMSPER SQ.

CENTIMETER

KILOGRAMSPER SQ.

CENTIMETER

POUNDS PERSQUARE INCH

(psi)

POUNDS PERSQUARE INCH

(psi)

BAR(bar)

BAR(bar)

19

Temperature Conversions

TO USE: Find the temperature to be converted (either Celsius or Fahrenheit) in the center column. If known temperature is Celsius, read the Fahrenheit conversion in the left column. If known temperature is Fahrenheit, read the Celsius conversion in the right column.

EXAMPLE: 50.0 10 -12.210ºC = 50ºF 10ºF = -12.2ºC

ºC = 5/9 (ºF-32)9 x ºC

5ºF = + 32

ºF ºC ºF ºC ºF ºC ºF ºC ºF ºCºF ºC

-94.0-89.0-85.0-76.0-67.0-58.0-56.2-54.4-52.6-50.8-49.0-47.2-45.4-43.6-41.8-40.0-38.2-36.4-34.6-32.8-31.0-29.2-27.4-25.6-23.8-22.0-20.2-18.4-16.6-14.8-13.0-11.2- 9.4- 7.6- 5.8- 4.0- 2.2- 0.4

1.43.25.06.88.6

10.412.214.015.817.619.421.223.024.826.628.4

-70 -67 -65 -60 -55 -50 -49-48

-47 -46 -45 -44 -43 -42 -41 -40 -39 -38 -37 -36 -35 -34 -33 -32 -31 -30 -29 -28 -27 -26 -25 -24 -23 -22 -21 -20 -19 -18 -17 -16 -15 -14 -13 -12 -11 -10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2

-57-55-54-51-48-45.6-45.0-44.4-43.9-43.3-42.8-42.2-41.7-41.1-40.6-40.0-39.4-38.9-38.3-37.8-37.2-36.7-36.1-35.6-35.0-34.4-33.9-33.3-32.8-32.2-31.7-31.1-30.6-30.0-29.4-28.9-28.3-27.8-27.2-26.7-26.1-25.6-25.0-24.4-23.9-23.3-22.8-22.2-21.7-21.1-20.6-20.0-19.4-18.9

30.232.0

33.8 35.6 37.4 39.2 41.0 42.8 44.6 46.4 48.2 50.0 51.8 53.6 55.4 57.2 59.0 60.8 62.6 64.4 66.2 68.0 69.8 71.6 73.4 75.2 77.0 78.8 80.6 82.4 84.2 86.0 87.8 89.6 91.4 93.2 95.0 96.8 98.6 100.4 102.2 104.0 105.8 107.6 109.4 111.2 113.0 114.8 116.6 118.4 120.2 122.0 123.8 125.6

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52

-18.3 -17.8 -17.2 -16.7 -16.1 -15.6 -15.0 -14.4 -13.9 -13.3 -12.8 -12.2 -11.7 -11.1 -10.6 -10.0 -9.4 -8.9 -8.3 -7.8 -7.2 -6.7 -6.1 -5.6 -5.0 -4.4 -3.9 -3.3 -2.8 -2.2 -1.7 -1.1 -0.6 0.0 0.6 1.1 1.7 2.2 2.8 3.3 3.9 4.4 5.0 5.6 6.1 6.7 7.2 7.8 8.3 8.9 9.4 10.0 10.6 11.1

127.4 129.2 131.0 132.8 134.6 136.4 138.2 140.0 141.8 143.6 145.4 147.2 149.0 150.8 152.6 154.4 156.2 158.0 159.8 161.6 163.4 165.2 167.0 168.8 170.6 172.4 174.2 176.0 177.8 179.6 181.4 183.2 185.0 186.8 188.6 190.4 192.2 194.0 195.8 197.6 199.4 201.2 203.0 204.8 206.6 208.4 210.2 212.0 213.8 215.6 217.4 219.2 221.0 222.8

53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104105 106

11.7 12.2 12.8 13.3 13.9 14.4 15.0 15.6 16.1 16.7 17.2 17.8 18.3 18.9 19.4 20.0 20.6 21.1 21.7 22.2 22.8 23.3 23.9 24.4 25.0 25.6 26.1 26.7 27.2 27.8 28.3 28.9 29.4 30.0 30.6 31.1 31.7 32.2 32.8 33.3 33.9 34.4 35.0 35.6 36.1 36.7 37.2 37.8 38.3 38.9 39.4 40.0 40.6 41.1

224.6 226.4 228.2 230.0 231.8 233.6 235.4 237.2 239.0 240.8 242.6 244.4 246.2 248.0 249.3 251.6 253.4 255.2 257.0 258.8 260.6 262.4 264.2 266.0 267.8 269.6 271.4 273.2 275.0 276.8 278.6 280.4 282.2 284.0 285.8 287.6 289.4 291.2 293.0 294.8 296.6 298.4 300.2 302.0 303.8 305.6 307.4 309.2 311.0 312.8 314.6 316.4 318.2 320.0

107 108 109 110111

112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160

41.7 42.2 42.8 43.3 43.9 44.4 45.0 45.6 46.1 46.7 47.2 47.8 48.3 48.9 49.4 50.0 50.6 51.1 51.7 52.2 52.8 53.3 53.9 54.4 55.0 55.6 56.1 56.7 57.2 57.8 58.3 58.9 59.4 60.0 60.6 61.1 61.7 62.2 62.8 63.3 63.9 64.4 65.0 65.6 66.1 66.7 67.2 67.8 68.3 68.9 69.4 70.0 70.6 71.1

321.8 323.6 325.4 327.2 329.0 330.8 332.6 334.4 336.2 338.0 339.8 341.6 343.4 345.2 347.0 348.8 350.6 352.4 354.2 356.0 357.8 359.6 361.4 363.2 365.0 366.8 368.6 370.4 372.2 374.0 375.8 377.6 379.4 381.2 383.0 384.8 386.6 388.4 390.2 392.0 393.8 395.6 397.4 399.2 401.0 402.8 404.6 406.4 408.2 410.0 411.8 413.6 415.4 417.2

161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214

71.7 72.2 72.8 73.3 73.9 74.4 75.0 75.6 76.1 76.7 77.2 77.8 78.3 78.9 79.4 80.0 80.6 81.1 81.7 82.2 82.8 83.3 83.9 84.4 85.0 85.6 86.1 86.7 87.2 87.8 88.3 88.9 89.4 90.0 90.6 91.1 91.7 92.2 92.8 93.3 93.9 94.4 95.0 95.6 96.1 96.7 97.2 97.8 98.3 98.9 99.4100.0

100.6 101.1

419.0 420.8 422.6 424.4 426.2 428.0 429.8 431.6 433.4 435.2 437.0 438.8 440.6 442.4 444.2 446.0 447.8 449.6 451.4 453.2 455.0 456.8 458.6 460.4 462.2 464.0 465.8 467.6 469.4 471.2 473.0 474.8 476.6 478.4 480.2 482 500 518 536 554 572 590 608 626 644 662 680 698 716 734 752 842 9321472

215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 450 500

800

101.7102.2102.8103.3103.9104.4105.0105.6106.1106.7107.2107.8108.3108.9109.4110.0110.6111.1111.7112.2112.8113.3113.9114.4115.0115.6116.1116.7117.2117.8118.3118.9119.4120.0120.6121127132138143149154160166171177182188193199204232260427

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Stratoflex Products Division Sales Offices

Sales Offices Pamphlet 107, 5M 4/09© 2009 Parker Hannifin Corporation

Parker Hannifin CorporationParker Aerospace Stratoflex Products Division220 Roberts Cut-Off RoadFort Worth, TX 76114 USAphone 817 738-6543fax 817 738-9920www.parker.com