Hospital Information System

Hospital Information SystemDefinition

Hospital Information System is an integrated,

computer-assisted system designed to store,

manipulate, and retrieve information concerned with

the administrative and clinical aspects of providing

services within the hospital

CEN/TC 251 /PT001 Medical Informatics-VocabularyFirst Draft Working Document

Hospital Information SystemAnother definition

A Hospital Information System (HIS) can be defined as an open system which attempts to integrate and communicate the outside and inside flow of information within a hospitaland provide the functions common for all applications.

GOVERNMENT

INSURANCECOMPANIES

PRIMARY CAREhealth care

PATIENT

H.I.S.Institutions

H.I.S.Institutions

rulesrules

&regulations

rules&regulations

consolidated “global”patient data and

hospital data

Pat-infoPat-request

Pat-results

infopatient

patient

official documents&

bills

patientdocument

patient of

private

member of

Representation of a HIS and its external links

Financial-economical1. Financial general ledger accounts receivable accounts payable budget control2. Material and technical Management stock control inventory maintenance planning energy control purchase/order management3. Personnel system personnel management loans and salaries4. Patient billing insurability medical act administration5. Strategic planning and study executive IS cost accounting retrospective utilization analysis

Management oriented Patient oriented

Patient-management

6. Outpatient &Inpatient patient registration ER registration patient scheduling7. Inpatient inpatient (pre-)admission admission registration bed census8. Result reporting and order entry order entry & communication result reporting

Medical

9. Nursing care-planning charting nurse staffing food supply10. Diagnostic radiology function laboratory - cardiology - pneumology laboratory - chemistry - haematology - microbiology11. Therapeutic operatingroom radiotherapy pharmacy intensive care OB-gynaecology

Desciption of a hospital information system in terms of the main functions

Description of a Hospital Information Systemin terms of the main Information Entities

Clinical subsystem: patient central Patient-Record

Medical information Medical-administrative informationDiagnostic• laboratory• radiology• nuclear medecine• EEG, ECG, EMG, respiratory.

Therapeutical• operation history• radiotherapy• intensive care• physiotherapy• nursing• medication

• Admission data• Patient demographic data• Orders• Planning and appointment data• Patient diets• Material deliveries

Hospital : Communication system - Repository system• General accounting• Accounts receivable• Accounts payable• Personnel data• Loans and salaries• Budget control• Inventories

• Case mix• Resource allocation data• Simulations/Models• Retrospective utilization data• Cost/Quality information

Financial information Strategic information

Management subsystem : hospital central Hospital Record

Objectives of A Hospital Information System

The most important goals of HIS are:

* To have a common registration of total patient information at the point of each transaction* To have the possibility to access information from any location at any time* To recognise the health care provider as major user and thus ease of use* To recognise integration as a “conditio sine qua non”* To recognise that a HIS must be cost efficient. * To provide tools for evaluating health care costs and quality* To recognise the clinical communications hub of a HIS* To recognise that technology must meet the user’s and applications needs* To establish the basis for hospiatl controlled and developed applications* To guarantee backward compatibility of new software releases* To guarantee high availability of the system

A modern HIS includes the following modules:

• Patient record

• Admissions/discharge/transfer

• Order entry/results reporting

• Drug profile

• Care planning

• Personnel/staff planning

• Financial

1. Patient Record

The critical elements of a patient record-handling system are:

•Access control functions•Input and presentation functions•Document-handling functions•Information-handling functions•Electronic mail functions•Help functions•Communications functions•Functions for follow-up of the activities

2. Admissions/Discharge/Transfer (ADT)

Outpatient Care Modules• Scheduling of appointments

with physicians and nurses

• Registration of the visit

• Financial functions

• Statistics

• Data transfer to the hospital financial system

Inpatient Care Modules• Waiting list

• Preadmission data

• Admission and discharge

• Diagnosis

• Hospital statistics

• Data transfer to the hospital financial system

3. Order Entry/Results Reporting

There are two subsets to the order system:

a. Order Entry System: includes all orders for a patient and links that system to the hospital financial routines

b. Referral Reply System:- the order for a procedure or an examination connected with an appointment scheduling module - checks that all referrals are handled and the results signed and included in the patient record

4. Drug Profile

Drug Information Systems:

• is relevant to both inpatient and out patient care

• may include modules for retrieving information about drugs as well as for indicating what drugs a patient is using at a given moment

• provide formulations for specific prescriptions

• allow data manipulation

• link to the hospital financial system

5. Care Planning

Care Information System for:

• giving every patient an individual care plan and following it up also contain functions that assist in selecting the appropriate care plan

• evaluating follow-up

• manipulating data for further analysis and study

6. Personnel/Staff Planning

These systems:

• handle individual unit requirements in assigning staff

• provide follow-up reports

• assist in daily planning for staff allocation

• link to the hospital financial routines

7. Financial

• Each individual local unit needs routines for planning financial transactions and for evaluating their effectiveness

• Linkages with the main financial system eliminate the need to duplicate data input and to refer to separate systems

Implementation of HIS

Implementation issues that must be addressed when satisfactory installing a hospital information system:

• Access Control System

• Patient Identification System

• Patient Admission, Discharge, and Transfer System

• Data Communications Standards