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Hot Topics in Nutrition
Food Colorings? BPA? Organic? GMO?
Freeze-Dried Foods?
National PBS Show…
Bestselling…
Two-Hour PBS Special…
True or False? Studies show it takes 17 years
for what is discovered in science to make it into day-to-day
clinical practice. – Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, Dec 2011 – “May take as long as two decades” US Dept of Health
& Human Services, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2000
What about Artificial Food Coloring?
Food Dyes References • https://nutritionfacts.org/video/seeing-red-no-3-coloring-to-dye-for/ • https://nutritionfacts.org/video/artificial-food-colors-and-adhd/ • S. Kobylewski, M. F. Jacobson. Toxicology of food dyes. Int J Occup Environ Health 2012 18(3):220 - 246. • F. M. D. Chequer, V. de Paula Venancio, M. de Lourdes P. Bianchi, L. M. G. Antunes. Genotoxic and mutagenic effects of erythrosine B, a xanthene food dye, on HepG2
cells. Food Chem. Toxicol. 2012 50(10):3447 - 3451. • W. H. Hansen, K. J. Davis, O. G. Fitzhugh, A. A. Nelson. Chronic oral toxicity of Ponceau 3R. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 1963 5:105 - 118. • T. F. Collins, T. N. Black, D. I. Ruggles, G. C. Gray. Teratological evaluation of FD&C Red no. 2 -A collaborative government-industry study. II. FDA's study. J. Toxicol.
Environ. Health 1976 1(5):857 - 862. • K.-T. Chung. The significance of azo-reduction in the mutagenesis and carcinogenesis of azo dyes. Mutation Research/Reviews in Genetic Toxicology 1983 114(3):269 -
281. • FDA. Termination of provisional listings of color additives. 2013. • Sarah Kobylewski. Food Dyes: A Rainbow of Risks. Center for Science in the Public Interest 2010 1 - 68. • W. Nicole. Secret Ingredients: Who Knows What's in Your Food? Environ. Health Perspect. 2013 121(4):a126. • R. B. Kanarek. Artificial food dyes and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Nutr. Rev. 2011 69(7):385 - 391. • L. J. Stevens, T. Kuczek, J. R. Burgess, E. Hurt, L. E. Arnold. Dietary sensitivities and ADHD symptoms: Thirty-five years of research. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2011 50(4):279 -
293. • B. Weiss. Synthetic food colors and neurobehavioral hazards: The view from environmental health research. Environ. Health Perspect. 2012 120(1):1 - 5. • W.-T. Wu, Y.-J. Lin, S.-H. Liou, C.-Y. Yang, K.-F. Cheng, P.-J. Tsai, T.-N. Wu. Brain cancer associated with environmental lead exposure: Evidence from implementation of a
National Petrol-Lead Phase-Out Program (PLPOP) in Taiwan between 1979 and 2007. Environ Int 2012 40:97 - 101. • T. J. Sobotka. 2010. Overview and Evaluation of Proposed Association Between Artificial Food Colors and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders (ADHD) and Problem
Behaviors in Children. Interim Toxicology Review.
www.cspinet.org/reports/chemcuisine.htm
• Blue No. 2 The largest, most recent study suggested, but did not prove that this dye caused brain tumors in male mice. The FDA concluded that there is “reasonable certainty of no harm”.
• Green No. 3 A 1981 industry-sponsored study gave hints of bladder cancer, but the FDA re-analyzed the data using other statistical tests and concluded that the dye was safe.
• Yellow No. 6 Industry-sponsored animal tests indicate that this dye causes tumors of the adrenal gland and kidney. It may also cause occasional allergic reactions. This dye is contaminated with cancer-causing impurities.
• Red No. 3 The evidence that this dye causes thyroid tumors in rats is “convincing” according to a 1983 review committee report requested by FDA. FDA’s recommendations that the dye be banned was overruled by pressure from the Reagan administration.
www.cspinet.org/reports/chemcuisine.htm
What about FOOD and BEHAVIOR?
Food and Behavior is Related • Over the last 3 decades, repeated
studies have shown that modest doses of synthetic colors can provoke hyperactivity
• A 2007 government-funded study in The Lancet* showing increased hyperactivity among nearly 300 children ages 3, 8 and 9 *McCann, Barrett, Cooper et al. Food additives and hyperactive behaviour
in 3 y/o and 8.9y/o children in community: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2007, 370. 1560 67.
Action in the U.S. • In 2008 the Center for Science in the Public
Interest (CSPI) petitioned the FDA to ban the use of existing food dyes in the U.S.
• The petition also requests the FDA remove the statement from its Web site that there is “no evidence that food color additives cause hyperactivity or learning disabilities in children”.
Tips to minimize: “Eat Real Food” 1. Scrutinize your grocery
cart so that the bulk of your nutrition is coming from whole food.
2. Do a beverage check. 3. Leave the bright colors to
healthy fruits and vegetables = REAL
Bisphenol A (BPA) • A synthetic estrogen found in the coatings of food
cans (to stop rust) & plastic bottles • Center for Disease Control Prevention study found
BPA in 95% of adult human urine and 93% of children
• Potentially contributes to diabetes, obesity, reproductive disorders, cardiovascular diseases, birth defects, chronic respiratory and kidney deseases and breast cancer
• Where are we getting BPA? = 90% food
Ways to Avoid BPA • Favor fresh, frozen & freeze-dried • Boxes vs. cans for soup & broths • Envelopes vs cans of Tuna • If you use plastic
– Avoid Recycle #3 & #7 & bottles with PC – Don’t microwave, put in dishwasher, leave in
hot sun, or use if scratched • Better yet, use glass and stainless steel
– Hello mason jars and pyrex! • Say “no thanks” to cash register receipts
BPA References • https://nutritionfacts.org/video/why-bpa-hasnt-been-banned/ • https://nutritionfacts.org/video/are-the-bpa-free-alternatives-safe/ • https://nutritionfacts.org/video/bpa-on-receipts-getting-under-our-skin/ • https://nutritionfacts.org/video/how-to-avoid-the-obesity-related-plastic-chemical-bpa/ • Trasande L. Further limiting bisphenol a in food uses could provide health and economic benefits. Health Aff (Millwood). 2014 Feb;33(2):316-23. • Eladak S, Grisin T, Moison D, Guerquin MJ, N'Tumba-Byn T, Pozzi-Gaudin S, Benachi A, Livera G, Rouiller-Fabre V, Habert R. A new chapter in the
bisphenol A story: bisphenol S and bisphenol F are not safe alternatives to this compound. Fertil Steril. 2015 Jan;103(1):11-21. • Hugo ER, Brandebourg TD, Woo JG, Loftus J, Alexander JW, Ben-Jonathan N. Bisphenol A at environmentally relevant doses inhibits adiponectin release
from human adipose tissue explants and adipocytes. Environ Health Perspect. 2008 Dec;116(12):1642-7. • Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Bourguignon JP, Giudice LC, Hauser R, Prins GS, Soto AM, Zoeller RT, Gore AC. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals: an Endocrine
Society scientific statement. Endocr Rev. 2009 Jun;30(4):293-342. • Vandenberg LN, Colborn T, Hayes TB, Heindel JJ, Jacobs DR Jr, Lee DH, Shioda T, Soto AM, vom Saal FS, Welshons WV, Zoeller RT, Myers JP.
Hormones and endocrine-disrupting chemicals: low-dose effects and nonmonotonic dose responses. Endocr Rev. 2012 Jun;33(3):378-455. • American Society of Human Genetics; American Society for Reproductive Medicine; Endocrine Society; Genetics Society of America; Society for
Developmental Biology; Society for Pediatric Urology; Society for the Study of Reproduction; Society for Gynecologic Investigation. Assessing chemical risk: societies offer expertise. Science. 2011 Mar 4;331(6021):1136.
• Cao XL, Corriveau J, Popovic S. Bisphenol a in canned food products from canadian markets. J Food Prot. 2010 Jun;73(6):1085-9. • Rezg R, El-Fazaa S, Gharbi N, Mornagui B. Bisphenol A and human chronic diseases: current evidences, possible mechanisms, and future perspectives.
Environ Int. 2014 Mar;64:83-90. • Rochester, JR. Bisphenol A and human health: a review of the literature. Reprod Toxicol. 2013 Dec;42:132-55.
What about Organics?
NO Synthetic pesticides & fertilizers NO Genetic modification Farm land “Clean” for 3 years prior to harvest
https://nutritionfacts.org/video/are-organic-foods-safer/
Environmental Impact • Gulf of Mexico Dead Zone • 6,000-7,000 square miles of
hypoxic waters • Nitrogen and Phosphorus from
the MS river
Are pesticide levels in foods harmful? • There is remarkable little data on the risk to
consumers from eating fruits and vegetables that contain pesticide residues.
• Out of the 900 or so active ingredients that can legally be used…
• some 20 cause cancer in animals at high levels over time and are classified as possible human carcinogens.
NIH Agricultural Health Study found… • Farmers have a higher risk for developing some cancers,
including prostate cancer. • Rotenone and paraquat are linked to increased risk of
developing Parkinson’s disease. • Allergic asthma in men and women may be associated with
use of some organophosphate insecticides. • Diabetes and thyroid disease risk may increase for users of
some organochlorine chemicals. https://aghealth.nih.gov/about/
Insecticides and I.Q. in Children • David Bellinger: a professor at Harvard University School
of Public Health, whose research has attributed the loss of nearly 17 million I.Q. points among American children and under one class of insecticides.
• “These chemicals are largely unknown. We do natural experiments on a population and wait until it shows up as bad.”
The National Cancer Institute says…
People who eat more fruits and vegetables
With or without pesticides- Have a lower risk of cancer, AND heart
disease, diabetes and Alzheimer’s.
Organics • M Huber, E Rembialkowska, D Srednicka, S Bugel, L P L van de Vijver. Organic food and impact on human health: Assessing the status quo and prospects of
research. NJAS - Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences Volume 58, Issues 3–4, December 2011, Pages 103–109. • C Lu, K Toepel, R Irish, R A Fenske, D B Barr, R Bravo. Organic diets significantly lower children's dietary exposure to organophosphorus pesticides. Environ Health
Perspect. 2006 Feb;114(2):260-3. • D T Wigle, M C Turner, D Krewski. A systematic review and meta-analysis of childhood leukemia and parental occupational pesticide exposure. Environ Health
Perspect. 2009 Oct;117(10):1505-13. • J Jurewicz, K Polanska, W Hanke. Chemical exposure early in life and the neurodevelopment of children--an overview of current epidemiological evidence. Ann Agric
Environ Med. 2013;20(3):465-86. • M K Magnusson, A Arvola, U K Hursti, L Aberg, P O Sjoden. Choice of organic foods is related to perceived consequences for human health and to environmentally
friendly behaviour. Appetite. 2003 Apr;40(2):109-17. • M F Bouchard, J Chevrier, K G Harley, K Kogut, M Vedar, N Calderon, C Trujillo, C Johnson, A Bradman, D B Barr, B Eskenazi. Prenatal exposure to organophosphate
pesticides and IQ in 7-year-old children. Environ Health Perspect. 2011 Aug;119(8):1189-95. • C Lu, D B Barr, M A Pearson, L A Waller. Dietary intake and its contribution to longitudinal organophosphorus pesticide exposure in urban/suburban children. Environ
Health Perspect. 2008 Apr;116(4):537-42 • S Mostafalou, M Abdollahi. Pesticides and human chronic diseases: evidences, mechanisms, and perspectives. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2013 Apr 15;268(2):157-77. • M T Munoz-Quezada, B A Lucero, D B Barr, K Steenland, K Levy, P B Ryan, V Iglesias, S Alvarado, C Concha, E Rojas, C Vega. Neurodevelopmental effects in
children associated with exposure to organophosphate pesticides: a systematic review. Neurotoxicology. 2013 Dec;39:158-68. • G Van Maele-Fabry, A C Lantin, P Hoet, D Lison. Residential exposure to pesticides and childhood leukaemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Environ Int.
2011 Jan;37(1):280-91. • G Van Maele-Fabry, P Hoet, D Lison. Parental occupational exposure to pesticides as risk factor for brain tumors in children and young adults: a systematic review and
meta-analysis. Environ Int. 2013 Jun;56:19-31. • L Oates, M Cohen, L Braun, A Schembri, R Taskova. Reduction in urinary organophosphate pesticide metabolites in adults after a week-long organic diet. Environ Res.
2014 Jul;132:105-11. • C Smith-Spangler, M L Brandeau, G E Hunter, J C Bavinger, M Pearson, P J Eschbach, V Sundaram, H Liu, P Schirmer, C Stave, I Olkin, D M Bravata. Are organic
foods safer or healthier than conventional alternatives?: a systematic review. Ann Intern Med. 2012 Sep 4;157(5):348-66 • V A Rauh, F P Perera, M K Horton, R M Whyatt, R Bansal, X Hao, J Liu, D B Barr, T A Slotkin, B S Peterson. Brain anomalies in children exposed prenatally to a
common organophosphate pesticide. PNAS May 15, 2012 vol. 109 no. 20.
What about GMO’s? • Genetically Modified
Organisms • Goal increase yields
while using less pesticides
• Let’s review together why the disparity
• What percent of Americans believe that GMO’s are generally safe?
• What percent of scientists* believe that GMO’s are generally safe?
*American Association for the Advancement of Science Source: PEW Research Center 2014
37%
88%
Top GMO Crops • 90% Soy • 85% Corn • 90% Canola • 95% Sugar Beets • 94% Cotton • 10% Alfalfa • 75% of processed foods
Genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering
techniques.
More than traditional cross-breeding… • Bt cotton and corn varieties are engineered with a built-in insecticide
gene from the soil bacteria called Bt. • Bt. corn is actually registered with the EPA as a pesticide • When insects bite Bt. Corn and cotton, they get a mouthful of built-in
toxin, produced by every cell of the plant. • The poison splits open their digestive system and kills them. • The GMO industry affirms that these toxins are destroyed by the
human digestive tract.
GMO Questions • May 2011, a study reported in Reproductive Toxicology,
found transgenic insecticidal GMO protein in 93% of blood samples of pregnant women yet argued test method produced false positives
• In 2013, a study reported in PLOS One found complete genes may pass from food to human blood, again, methodologies questioned.
What is Glyphosate? (Roundup) • The world’s most widely used herbicide by volume. • Used extensively in agriculture and garden products • Increasingly used on crops that are genetically engineered to be
tolerant to the herbicide. • In 2015, Glyphosate, labeled a “probable human carcinogen” (Group
2A) by the WHO cancer agency IARC • Surprisingly, Roundup is always more toxic than glyphosate alone.
Should the U.S. Require GMO Labeling?
The Center for Food Safety www.justlabelit.org
19 EU countries have “opted out” of growing GMO crops within all or part of their territories
Do GMO Crops really increase yield? According to this Oct 29, 2016 NY Times article citing the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations comparing GMO vs. Non GMO crop yields – Canadian farmers adopted GM seed while European farmers did not.
• Both Corn and Canola increased yield at equal pace for both countries • Sugar beet crop yield increased more sharply in Europe WITHOUT GMO
– GMO’s were supposed to lessen Pesticide Use • In US, while insect & fungus killing chemicals decreased, weed killers increased • In France, (no GMO) pesticide use has significantly declined.
According to a 2015 ABC News Survey What percent of Americans believe genetically modified foods should be labelled?
93%
The choice is an individual one
Buying GMO-Free and/or
organic may very well
“take your health to the next level.”
GMO’s general reading
• http://factsaboutgmos.org/ • http://discover.monsanto.com/conversation/ • https://nutritionfacts.org/video/is-monsantos-roundup-pesticide-glyphosate-safe/ • https://nutritionfacts.org/video/are-gmos-safe-the-case-of-roundup-ready-soy/ • https://www.nongmoproject.org/gmo-facts/ • http://livingnongmo.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/GMO-Myths-and-Truths-edition2.pdf • http://www.ensser.org/increasing-public-information/no-scientific-consensus-on-gmo-safety/ • http://responsibletechnology.org/irtnew/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Exploding-Gluten-Sensitivity_.pdf • Glyphosate and the Gut Microbiome
http://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/15/4/1416 & https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3945755/pdf/ITX-6-159.pdf • Stephanie Seneff, PhD, Senior Scientist, Glyphosate and Autism https://people.csail.mit.edu/seneff/ • Marion Nestle “Does Monsanto collude with EPA to cast doubt on the carcinogenicity of Roundup?
http://www.foodpolitics.com/tag/gmgenetically-modified/ • https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/adoption-of-genetically-engineered-crops-in-the-us/recent-trends-in-ge-adoption.aspx • Widely Used Herbicide Linked to Cancer Scientific American, 2015 • Glyphosate and epidemic of chronic kidney disease in Sri Lanka? http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/11/2/2125 • http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/07/14/486060866/congress-just-passed-a-gmo-labeling-bill-nobodys-super-happy-about-it
Glyphosate studies • T Bohn, M Cuhra, T Traavik, M Sanden, J Fagan, R Primicerio. Compositional differences in soybeans on the market: glyphosate
accumulates in Roundup Ready GM soybeans. Food Chem. 2014 Jun 15;153:207-15. • A L Williams, R E Watson, J M DeSesso. Developmental and reproductive outcomes in humans and animals after glyphosate
exposure: a critical analysis. J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev. 2012;15(1):39-96. • N Benachour, H Sipahular, S Moslemi, C Gasnier, C Travert, G E Seralini. Time- and dose-dependent effects of roundup on human
embryonic and placental cells. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2007 Jul;53(1):126-33. • S Richard, S Moslemi, H Sipahular, N Benachour, G E Seralini. Differential effects of glyphosate and roundup on human placental
cells and aromatase. Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jun;113(6):716-20. • J Marc, O Mulner-Lorillon, S Boulben, D Hureau, G Durand, R Belie. Pesticide Roundup provokes cell division dysfunction at the
level of CDK1/cyclin B activation. Chem Res Toxicol. 2002 Mar;15(3):326-31. • L P Walsh, C McCormick, C Martin, D M Stocco. Roundup inhibits steroidogenesis by disrupting steroidogenic acute regulatory
(StAR) protein expression. Environ Health Perspect. Aug 2000; 108(8): 769–776. • V L de Liz Oliveira Cavalli, D Cattani, C E Heinz Rieg, P Pierozan, L Zanatta, E Benedetti Parisotto, D Wilhelm Filho, F R Mena
Barreto Silva, R Pessoa-Pureur, Z Zamoner. Roundup disrupts male reproductive functions by triggering calcium-mediated cell death in rat testis and Sertoli cells. Free Radic Biol Med. 2013 Dec;65:335-46.
• R M Romano, M A Romano, M M Bernardi, P V Furtado, C A Oliveira. Prepubertal exposure to commercial formulation of the herbicide glyphosate alters testosterone levels and testicular morphology. Arch Toxicol. 2010 Apr;84(4):309-17.
• R Mesnage, N Defarge, J Spiroux de Vendomois, G E Seralini. Major Pesticides Are More Toxic to Human Cells Than Their Declared Active Principles. Biomed Res Int. 2014; 2014: 179691.
What’s the Most Expensive Food You Buy?
It’s the food
you throw away!
1920s: Canned Food
1950s: Frozen Food
1960s: Fast Food
Now Enter…Freeze-Dried Food
• Picked when ripe • Flash frozen • Freeze-dried • Indefinite shelf-life • Reconstitutes quickly
• Few if any preservatives needed • Many delicious snacked on dry • F/V, Beans, Meats, Grains, Milk, Eggs • No Chopping • Zero Waste
Image of our FD process—peach picked, going through freeze tunnel
Thrive-Life Freeze Dried Foods
BPA lining is
not required
for freeze-dried foods
Thrive-Life is GMO-
Free across the
board
Conviction meets
Convenience
ThriveLife.com
Order on-line: Delivered to your door
Here’s to Conviction AND Convenience!
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