hotel landscaping

HTH 565 HOTEL DESIGN LAYOUT & LANDSCAPING

FACULTY OF HOTEL TOURISM & MANAGEMENTUiTM SHAH ALAM

BACHELOR OF HOTEL MANAGEMENT (HONS.)

HAMIDON ABDULLAH & ROSTAM YAMAN


HOTEL ENTRANCES, HOTEL ENTRANCES, LOBBY & LOBBY &

CIRCULATIONS CIRCULATIONS ALLOCATIONS & REQUIREMENT ALLOCATIONS & REQUIREMENT


FACULTY OF HOTEL & TOURISM MANAGEMENT. UiTM SHAH ALAMBACHELOR OF HOTEL MANAGEMENT (HONS.)


LECTURE 8 – WEEK 9

HOTEL ENTRANCES, LOBBY & CIRCULATIONS

8.1 ENTRANCE8.2 LOBBY / RECEPTION HALL8.3 FRONT DESK & FRONT OFFICE8.4 CIRCULATION & TRANSPORTATION8.5 INTERNAL TRANSPORTATION






8.1 ENTRANCE8.2 LOBBY / RECEPTION HALL8.3 FRONT DESK & FRONT OFFICE8.4 CLOAKROOMS & TOILET8.5 CIRCULATION & TRANSPORTATION8.6 INTERNAL TRANSPORTATION






8.1 ENTRANCE

8.1.1 Signage

Sign and symbols are important are important aspect of merchandising service to identify a hotel, provide information and direct visitors to various facilities.

Signage and graphic design must be consistent throughout the hotel and coordinated with interior design






8.1 ENTRANCE

8.1.1 Signage

Restriction - size, design and illumination are subject to planning

control- Siting outside curtilage maybe prohibited- Highway authority may install standard road sign- Licensing and grading symbols need to be displayed

at the entrance






8.1 ENTRANCE

8.1.1 Signage

Identification - Graphic symbol maybe integrated with building

façade- Hotel name and insignia usually located at side of

door or porte-cochere & road entrance- Corporate styling is also represented in canopies,

flags, exterior furniture and uniform

Directions- Clear direction to guest entrance, disabled access,

function areas, recreation club and services area






8.1 ENTRANCE

8.1.1 Signage

IlluminationExternal lighting improves visibility and merchandising,

security and safety. System include;- Floodlighting & featured lighting- Colonade lighting of access road, path & parking- Direct or self illumination sign- Soft lighting of entrances, windows, interiors






8.1 ENTRANCE

8.1.2 Landscaping

Landscaping softens the appearance of the building, provide screening and shelter for car parking and services area, and an improved outlook for public areas and guestrooms.

In larger site the landscape plan encompasses recreational attractions as well as lawns and terraces for extensions of hotel facilities.

Generally, landscape design provide a balance of natural and planted areas with hard paving and features to provide focuses of interest.






8.1 ENTRANCE

8.1.2 Landscaping

Key planning considearation for interior landscaping are the locations, degree of permenance, lighting and environmental conditions, accessibility, watering and drainage, stability, maintenance and contract.

Contract arrangement are usually employed






8.1 ENTRANCE

8.1.3 Main Entrance

The appearance presented by the main entrance and its approach is critical since this tend to typify the hotel.

The entrance must be clearly defined and provide good

view of interior.

The main features are;- Pedestrians- Taxis, Car- Coaches- Disabled






8.1 ENTRANCE

8.1.3 Main Entrance

The main features are; (cont’d)- Shelter- Lighting- Security- Luggage

Separate entrance may be required for;- Banquets- Leisure Club- Restaurants/shops






8.1 ENTRANCE

8.1.3 Main Entrance

Separate entrance may be required for; (cont’d)- Apartments- Employees

Refer to Space Relationship Chart






8.1 ENTRANCE

8.1.4 Doors

Entrance door must meet exacting functional requirements in addition retaining a good appearance under condition of repeated use

Alternatives are;- Revolving doors – with double swing doors on one or

both sides- Double swing with single or double leaves, automatic

or manual- Sliding – automatic operated with swing doors for

emergency

Doors must also meet safety and fire escape requirement which, in case of revolving doors, include governors, sensitive edges and collapse or folding of leaves under pressure






8.1 ENTRANCE

8.1.4 Doors

Swing doors, as rule, are not allowed to open beyond building line and must be recessed in the front wall

Peformence requirements for doors and frame include rain and wind exclusion, durability and retention of appearance, resistant to impact and scraping, ease of movement and closure, security againts forced entry or breakage and safety in use.

Toughened glass door are often used to reveal the interior but must be fitted with large distinctive handles or visible markings.






8.1 ENTRANCE

8.1.5 Changes in Level

An elevated entrance is more impressive but steps are liable to cause accident and difficulties in access for luggage, the disabled and the elderly.

Location – step setback at least 1.0m and prefrably 2.0m from doorway

Lobby – preferably on one level – unless deliberately to create separate areas. Stairs should have minimum three risers

Visibility – contrasting edges of nosings, preferably illuminated with recessed lights

Damage – edges of treads non-slip. Steps, corners and wall resistant to damage & marking






8.2 LOBBY OR RECEPTION HALL

8.2.1 Size

Usually lobby act as a hub for hotel activities, giving access to all or most of the public facilities as well as to the guestrooms.

It include circulation, assembly and waiting areas – with strategically located desks or stations for assistance – and leads directly to front desk providing reception, information and cashier services.

The overall area depend on sizes and grade of hotel, extent of activities using the lobby and the pattern of arrivals. Refer to table 6.1 & 6.2







8.2.2 Design

As the main point of entry and initial contact the visual impression created by the design has a critical role in defining the style and character of the hotel;

- Chain budget & mid tariff hotels tend to adopt standardized layout & design features which familiar and reassuring.

- Large urban hotels, which need to attract public interest,, usually emphasize the expansive, even spectacular, extension of space in atrium designs. Include other supporting facilities, the lobby, restaurants, bars, lounges and kiosks







8.2.2 Design

- Luxury hotels generally adopt a more traditional arrangement of linked halls with emphasis on elegance and individual attention

- Resort hotels often plan the lobby with visual links through recreational areas and other attractions.







8.2.3 Planning

CirculationPlanned circulation to front desk and guest elevators.

Secodary routes to public rooms, shops, conference areas, e.t.c. circulation routes must clear of obstruction and congestion. Minimum 2.125m (7’0”) wide

DirectionSigns are required for directions and information

including local regulations regarding safety, mean of escape and registration. Graphic design must be coordinated with overall interiors and consistent throughout.







8.2.3 Planning

AssistanceIn addition to front desk separate stations or desks may

be provided for;- Bell captain/porter- Concierge- Conferences- Front office manager

Front desksMain focus of activities and subject to intensive use.

Setback at 1.25m from the circulation incresing to 6m or more for large convention hotels.







8.2.3 Planning

LoungeSeating are separated from main circulations. Usually

about 10% of lobby space but may extend to form a lobby bar for entertainment. High quality furniture arranged in informal space with access to refreshment.

Public & House TelephoneLocated at quiet area near from desk, should be

acoustically treated, locally illuminated and fitted with shelving







8.2.3 Planning

PromotionsDisplay cases and vitrines for commercial product.

Design must be coordinated with shop fitting works and hotel graphics

Retail SpaceThe extent of retail space depend on the size and grade

of hotel, location and commercial viability of shops. Several shops are usually provided in high-grade resort and city hotels, particularly in developed country.







8.2.3 Planning

Retail SpaceAlternative arrangement for retail space include;- mixed-use shopping malls- Shops in extended arcade- Individual shops, stand or kiosk in lobby or atrium

areas.

Retail concessions generally fall into four groups. Refer table 6.3







8.2.4 Luggage Handling

In large hotel, particularly for tour and convention groups, a separate entrance may be provided for luggage.

This should have access to;- Bell captain or porterage station- Luggage store / 0.05m2 per room- Luggage elevator: with trolley access







8.2.5 Materials

Lobby area subject to intensive use and frequent refurbishment is generally difficult and disruptive.

Durable materials are essential in areas subject to high traffic, impact or scraping.

The design and choice of materials will influenced by the style and sophistication of the hotel.

Particular attention are given to- durability, maintenance of appearance- Fire safety (see section 5.6)







8.2.5 Materials

Flooring material include dense marble and terrazzo, decorative tiling, stone, vinyl and composition flooring – usually soften by carpet strips or squares

Wall are often dry lined to allow easy access to services and include laminated wood, plastic, metal and glass paneling.

Ceiling construction may require large structural voids to house air-conditioning, lighting, sound, sprinkler and other engineering system






8.3 FRONT DESK & FRONT OFFICE

8.3.1 Reception Services

The reception areas provides for a number of activities;- Guest reception and registration- Cashier and accounting, money changing, deposits

and values.- Information, keys, mail, messages, brochures

(concierge)

refer table 6.4







8.3.2 Size & Arrangement

Desk space requirement depend on size of hotel, grade or standards and patterns of arrival and departures

The desk is usually planned around 1.5 – 1.8m equipped workstations, this length allowing for two accompanying guest, a degree of separation and privacy in transaction and space for equipment

Refer table 6.5







8.3.3 Planning

Counter must be arranged as an integral part of reception area and as focus of interest.

This area should be column free to allow clear visibility and circulation

The lobby height may be reduced over the front counter for more concentrated local lighting intensities and acoustics treatment.

Easy access must be provided to the supporting front office areas through short passages or lobbies providing visual and noise screening. See section 6.3.7







8.3.3 Planning

Counters must be stback at least 1.25m from circulation routes increasing to 3m for a busy convention hotel.

Working space behind the counter is a minimum 1.2 – 1.5m. The back wall may be use for cupboards and racks or decorative features







8.3.4 Counter Design

Counters are provided with two overlapping worktop: typically 1070mm height for guest use and 760mm for a seated work area.

The work counters need to provide space for equipment such as video display unit and panel boards.

These are recessed and angled to allow clesr visibility from a seated or standing position







8.3.4 Counter Design

Local lighting to workstation ust be positioned to avoid glare, screen veiling and shadow

Material

Counter construction is usually of timber or metal framing with hardwood, laminated or moulded plastic surfaces or decorative durable panels such as marble and terrazzo.







8.3.5 Equipment.

Technical advances with the use of computer-operated systems have revolutionized hotel operations.

Front counters need to be designed to house terminals, printers, and other equipment, to allow for servicing, replacement and extension with out major reconstruction.

Refer page 208







8.3.6 Office Requirement

Offices for hotel management and related needs an be group into three areas;

- Reservation and Accounting Offices- Executive Offices- Specialist Offices

Refer table 6.6







8.3.7 Front Office Planning

Depending on the location, individual offices are usually clustered together around communal work areas. The front office and executive office are either grouped together or planned to allowed staff circulation separate from public areas.

Access to public areas is required at a number of places to facilate operations.

- Lobby; front office manager-with reception area banquet sales office-with reception area

- Lobby or Corridor; executive offices-access for management

Allocation for office requirement as per table 6.7 & 6.8







8.3.8 Safe Deposit Areas

As rule, hotels are responsible only for loss of a limited value of guest belongings from rooms

Deposit facilities for valueables may take two forms;- Safe deposit area adjacent to front desk- Individual safes provided in guestrooms.Safes must be installed for cash received, cash and

currencies changing transaction and payments (wages, petty cash)







8.3.8 Telephone Operation & Other Services

The telephone operator’s room is often grouped with the front desk to facilitate duel use at night when minimal staff on duty

Private Automatic Branch Exchange (PABX) are usually installed and the automatic switchgear and terminal equipment is housed separately. Refer table 6.9







8.3.8 Telephone Operation & Other Services

Other Electronic ServiceSpace provision to house technical equipment and

ducting or trunking for cabling systems is required for;

- Background music, public announcement and paging systems

- Television & radio system- Clock systems- CCTV monitoring & security systems- Metering of telephone and other guest services- Computer operated system (front office, accounting,

energy & e.t.c)






8.4 CLOAKROOMS & TOILETS

8.4.1 Planning

Toilet facilities are normally required near;- Main Lobby- Restaurants & Bars- Banquet Halls, Conference Rooms – with nearby

cloakrooms- Front Office – for staff

For space allocation refer table 6.10







8.4.1 Planning

LocationPublic toilets should be sited discreetly adjacent to the

corridors leading to restaurants and bars but not directly accessible from street (security)

For separate banquet and conference users, toilets and cloakrooms are near entrance foyer with generous circulation space and screening







8.4.1 Planning

SpaceNumber of fitments and space requirements are

dictated by the numbers of people accommodated

CloakroomsCloakrooms facilities are essential for banquets,

function and conference groups and some provision maybe required for restaurant users.

For security, attendant operated services are preferred.







8.4.2 Design Requirements

Toilet areas must include visual screening from public areas and a separately ventilated intervening space maybe required for entry from a room

An ante-room or powder room should be provided where practiciable.

High quality durable fitments and finishes are important to maintain standards. Refer table 6.11






8.5 CIRCULATION & TRANSPORTATION

8.5.1 Flow PatternsHotel and resort activities involve extensive movements

of guests, visitors, staff, goods and services.These need to be planned for convenience and

operational efficiency while also meeting requirements for safety and security.

The flow patterns of guests and visitors provide the basis for planning most services including parking, front desk registration and check out, elevator requirements, demands on housekeeping and other departmental staff and engineering loading calculations.

Standards of provision vary depending on the sensivity to cost (price) or the level of service







8.5.2 Corridors & Stairs

Public AreasIn public areas, corridors represent a loss of space and

adaptability. As far a possible, circulation should be through areas which have other uses (lounges, shopping malls, conference foyers) or which serve as focal point for multiple activities such as lobbies.

Other AreasThe space taken up by corridors, stairs and elevators

usually represent between 25% to 35% of the total built-up area of guestrooms and 15-20% of other areas.







8.5.3 Fire Regulations

Travel DistancesThe number and position of exit doors from rooms and

the length of corridors between enclosed staircases are determined by the permitted travel distances.







8.5.3 Fire Regulations

EgressCirculation through lobbies and foyers is usually

acceptable for up to 50% of fire requirements if;- Protected (2hrs. Fire resistance) from areas below.- Constructed with linings which are non-propagating

for fire or have a low rate of surface flame spread- Fitted with automatic sprinklers

ConstructionRefer to table 6.12.







8.5.4 Corridor WidthsMinimum widths for corridors and stairs are determined

by the numbers of persons who might need to use these routes for fire escape.

Widths also need to take account of wheelchair and trolley dimension.

Refer to table 6.13







8.5.5 Other Requirements, Corridor for Goods & Services and Staircases

Refer page 214-216.






8.6 INTERNAL TRANSPORTATION

8.6.1 Elevator Services

PlanningThe main guest elevators should be in sight of the front

desk and preferably group together for economy and mainteneance.

Stairs should be adjacent to allow alternative and emergency use

Elevators LobbyLobbies must at least 1/3 wider than the adjacent

corridor. Ashtrays, mirror and seats may be provided but must not obstruct circulations

Lighting must be independent and preferably 150 lux (15lumen persqft)








GroupingA bank of four elevators is usually the maximum. For

larger numbers, elevators should be arranged in facing parallel rows of four, with lobby widths of about 3.5m between bank of guestroom elevators and 4.2m between those to public rooms

Grouping is also used to distinguish elevators serving zones or groups of floors, and express elevators to penthouse or rooftop restaurants, etc.








SeparationSeparate elevators are usually provided for;- Basement carpark- Firemen’s Access- Leisure Use








Machine RoomTraction driven equipment is normally located over the

lift shaft in a rooftop or pent house enclosure with clearence above top landing, allowing for overrun

The machine room houses motors, pulleys, controls and hoisting beam with space to enable cars to be removed for servicing







8.6.2 Types of Elevators

HydraulicsTraction Drive

8.6.3 Technical FeaturesRefer page 218







8.6.4 Escalators

Escalators are used to transport large numbers of people over a limited numbers of floors, namely;

- Multilevel shopping centers with hotel lobby on the higher floor

- Large convention, ballrooms and exhibition rooms above or below ground level

The floor taken up by escalator is extensive, but this may be justified by the high capacity and convenience

Refer table 6.15







8.6.5 Service Circulations & Planning

Refer table 6.16

hotel landscaping

Documents

building faade hotel

extensions of hotel

landscaping landscaping

lobby circulations8

main entrance

uitm shah alam lecture

graphic design

landscape design