hotel mnagement (1)

8/3/2019 Hotel Mnagement (1)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/hotel-mnagement-1 1/20

A

Synopsis

On

“HOTEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM”



INTRODUCTION

To cope up with these day-to-day activities in Hotel, the use of computer (in Hotel Sector) is

unavoidable.

The Hotel Information System aims at solving these day-to-day functions in Hotel Sector:

• Room Addition,

• Menu Creation,

• Restaurant Operation,

• Laundry Operation,

• Reports and

• Other Facilities etc.

The motive of our project is to control various activities performed. In the Hotel using the

computer with the work of HOTEL MANGEMENT SYSTEM. From the beginning, the

important thing in our mind is that we should concentrate our project work on a subject that is

easy to understand and is according to our daily requirement. By keeping this in mind, the

subject chosen by us is hotel management. In the present time there is a great rush in hotels, as

these havebecome necessity for middle and upper class of the society.People travel a lot, stay in

hotels, goes to the hotels for functions, meeting and refreshment. Our project



is developed keeping in mind the general needs of the customers when he goes to

thehospital. An important uniqueness about the described Hotel’srestaurants and bar are

available to only those customers who have already booked room or hall in hospital

SYSTEM ANALYSIS

(Identification of Need / Preliminary Investigation)

• To design a database comprising of the required tables and to provide a Front End

Application.

• To allow a valid user to use the application.

• Provide interface to all the tables used in the application for editing, deleting and addition

of new records (Registration of Guest, Updating Profiles, other activities in the hotel).

• Providing the Room information and helping them to search available room details and

other facilities.

• All guests can get room according to their choice and other facilities.

• Authorized person can operate this software.

PROBLEM DESCRIPTION



Hotel sector is a very fast growing sector. With more and more complexities being introduced

each day and with the upcoming of various plans and schemes the management of the records

becomes very essential.

Earlier, these were maintained in long and bulky registers and thus searching records on theseregisters were both time-consuming and prone to errors due to lot of human intervention and the

manual nature of the work.

With the upcoming of Computers the methodology has changed and these records can be easily

maintained on Computer Disk and thus can be retrieved easily. Thus, the searching in between

the records has become much faster and with minimal errors.

“HOTEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM” aims at solving all these works with both ease and

assurance.

BASIC CONCEPTS OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

According to the above discussion of project overview, it is clear that we want to build software

for managing the records in hotels. It is also clear that the above software is mainly concerned

with database management. So it is high time to devote some time in discussing these two terms.

First we discuss the term software and later we will cover basic database, database management

systems and its architecture.

The Term Software: -

The software is not merely a collection of computer programs. There is a distinction between a

program and programming software products program is complete in it and is generally usedonly by the author of the program. There is usually little documentation or other aids to help

other people use the program. Because of the author user, the presence of bugs is not a major

concern. The author will fix the program and start it again. These programs are not designed

with such issues as portability, reliability and usability in mind.



Largely people other than the developers of the system, on the other hand use a programming

software product. The users may be from different backgrounds, so a proper user interface is

provided. There is sufficient documentation to help these diverse users to use the system

program that are thoroughly tested before the operational use. Because users don’t have the

luxury of fixing bugs that may be detected and because the product may be used in a variety of environments, perhaps on a variety of hardware platforms portability is a key issue.

Clearly, a program to solve a problem and a programming systems product to solve the same

problem are two entirely different things. Obviously, much more effort and resources are

required for a programming systems product. Brooks estimates that as a rule of thumb, a

programming systems product costs approximately ten times as much as a corresponding

program. The software industry is interested in developing programming systems products, and

most commercial packages fall in this category. But unfortunately he approaches to software

development are frequently ad hoc and programming-centered. The ad-hoc or programming-

centered approach may work for small projects, but for large industrial–quality software, these

approaches generally do not work, we need to develop some methodical approach for software

development. This is where software engineering comes in.

Software Engineering is defined as:

“Software engineering is the systematic approach to the development, operation,

maintenance, and retirement of software.”

This means we are interested in developing software as close to the scientific methods a

possible, that is, these methodologies are repeatable, and if different people apply the

methodology, similar software will be produced. In Essence, the goal of software engineering is

to take software development closer to science and away from being an art.

The focus of software engineering is not developing software, but methods for developing

software. That is, focus is on developing methods that can be used by various software projects.

Hence the basic objective of software engineering is to: develop methods and procedure for

software developments that can scale up for large systems and can be used for large systems and

that can be used to consistently produce high-quality software at low cost and a small cycle time.

That is, the key objectives are consistency, low cost, high quality, small cycle time and

scalability.



The basic approach that software engineering takes is to separate the development process from

the developed product.

A development process consists of various phases, each phase ending with a definite output. The

phases are performed in an order specified by the process model being followed. The mainreason for having a phased process is that it breaks the problem of developing software into

successfully performing a set of phases, each handling a different concern of software

development. This ensures that the cost of development is lower than what it would have been if

the whole problem tackle together. Furthermore, a phase’s process allows proper checking for

quality and progress at some defined points during the developments. Without this, one would

have to wait until the end to see what software has been produce. Clearly, this will not work for

large systems. Hence for managing the complexity, proper tracking and quality all the

development processes consist of a set of phases. A phase’s development process is central to

the software engineering approach for solving the software crisis.

Basics of Database: -

Databases and database technology are having a major impact on the growing use of computers.

It is fair to say that databases play a critical role in almost all areas where computers are used,

including business, engineering, medicine, law, education, and library science, to name a few.The word database is in such common use that we must begin by defining a database.

A database is a collection of related data. By data, we mean known facts that can be recorded

and that have implicit meaning. For example, consider the names, telephone numbers, and

addresses of the people you know. You may have recorded this data is an indexed address book,

or you may have stored it on a diskette, using a personal computer and software such as DBASE

IV or V, Microsoft ACCESS, or EXCEL. This is a collection of related data with an implicit

meaning and hence is a database.

The preceding definition of database is quite general, for example, we may consider the

collection of words that make up this page of text to be related data and hence to constitute a

database. However, the common use of the term database is usually more restricted. A database

has the following implicit properties:



A database represents some aspect of the real world, sometimes called the mini world of the

Universe Of Discourse (UOD). Changes to the mini world are reflected in the database.

A database is a logically coherent collection of data with some inherent meaning. A random

assortment of data cannot correctly be referred to as a database.

A database is designed, built, and populated with data for a specific purpose. It has an

intended group of users and some preconceived applications in which these users are

interested.

In other words, a database has some source from which data are derived, some degree of

interaction with events in the real world, and an audience that is actively interested in the

contents of the database.

A database can be of any size and varying complexity. This huge amount of information must be

organized and managed so those users can search for, retrieve, and update the data as needed.

A database may be generated and maintained manually or it may be computerized. The library

card catalog is an example of a database that may be created and maintained manually. A

computerized database may be created and maintained either by a group of application programs

written specifically for that task or by a database management system.

A database management system (DBMS) is a collection of programs that enables users to create

and maintain a database. The DBMS is hence a general-purpose software system that facilitates

the processes of defining, constructing, and manipulating databases for various applications.

• Defining a database involves specifying the data types, structures, and constraints for the

data to be stored in the database.

Constructing the database is the process of storing the data itself.

• On some storage medium that is controlled by the DBMS.

• Manipulating a database includes such functions as querying the database to retrieve specific

data, updating the database to reflect changes in the mini world, and generating reports

from the data.



It is not necessary to use general-purpose DBMS software to implement a computerized

database. We could write our own set of programs to create and maintain the database, in effect

creating our own special purpose DBMS software. In either case whether we use a general

purpose DBMS or not we usually have to employ a considerable amount of software to

manipulate the database. We will call the database and DBMS software together a databasesystem.

FEASIBILITY STUDY

A. TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY: -

This is concerned with specifying equipment and software that will successfully satisfy

the user requirement. The technical needs of the system may vary considerably, but might

include:

o The facility to produce outputs in a given time.

o Response time under certain conditions.

o Ability to process a certain volume of transaction at a particular speed.

o Facility to communicate data to distant location.



After examining technical feasibility, we give more importance to the configuration of the

system than the actual make of hardware. The configuration gives the complete picture about the

system's requirements: Twenty to thirty workstations are required; these units should be

interconnected through LAN or Internet so that they could operate and communicate smoothly.

They should have enough speeds of input and output to achieve a particular quality of printing.

B. ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY: -

Economic analysis is the most frequently used technique for evaluating the effectiveness

of a proposed system. More commonly known as cost / benefit analysis; in this procedure we

determine the benefits and savings that are expected from a proposed system and compare them

with costs. We found the benefits outweigh the costs; we take a decision to design and

implement the new proposed system.

It is very essential to ascertain the cost, which is to incur for developing the project,

before starting the development of the project. If the benefit, which is to be accrued by

developing the software, exceeds the cost to be incurred for developing the project by a fair

amount of margin, then only the software should be developed. The process of cost and benefitanalysis is not only limited prior to the time period of development of the project, but this

process is a continuous process, and it keeps on going during the entire life cycle of the software.

ANALYSIS OF COST --

The programmer has done the analysis of cost of the project named “HOTEL

INFORMATION SYSTEM” in a very effective manner. According to the programmer, the total

cost involved in the development and implementation of the software at the client site would be

around Rs. 40000. This is so, as the process is manual, a computer system is to be purchased to

implement the project at the Organization. The computer system would cost around Rs.26000,

the cost involved in the development of the project would be around Rs.5000, the cost involved

in the purchase of software required for implementing the project would be around Rs.5000, and

above all the cost of training the manager to use the software is around Rs.3000 as the manager

is not familiar with computers.



ANALYSIS OF BENEFIT --

As it is necessary to do cost analysis of the developed project, it is also very essential to do

benefit analysis along with it. The programmer has done the analysis of the benefit arising fromthe use of the software named “Hotel Management System” in a very effective way. The points

that the programmer has kept in mind while performing the task of benefit analysis of the

software are as follows:

(i) Stationery Cost: -

In an Organization, the use of stationery in the day-to-day functioning is on a large scale.

Thus, the cost of purchasing the stationery for the Organization is also very high. But, since after

the implementation of software it would become fully computerized, this step would save a big

amount of money, which is previously used for purchasing the stationery for the Organization.

Now, all the work for which a large amount of stationery was being used previously can now be

done on the computer.

(ii) Manager Assistants Salary: -

In a Hotel, as there are number of activities involved in the day-to-day working of the

Hotel, the workload becomes so much that the owner of the Hotel has to keep two or moreassistants along with the Manager. This step increases the financial burden of the owner. Now,

the owner has to pay the salary of assistants along with the Manager’s salary. But, since after the

implementation of the software in the Hotel, the whole of the work of the Hotel which is

previously spread over large number of files becomes computerized and centralized to a single

computer, the work can now be handled by a single person thus saving the cost of employing the

manager assistants.

(iii) Record Search & Update Made Easy: -

In a manual system for record keeping in Hotel, one of the major problems faced by the

manager is to keep record of the Hotel available at a specific point of time, this problem is

further increased when a customer of the Hotel make an enquiry with the manager about the

searching partners according to choice. To provide the information to the customer with the

answer of his enquiry, the manager has to search from his large number of files.



But, after the implementation of the project named “ Hotel Management System” at the

Hotel, the whole of the work of the Hotel would become computerized and thus, the manager

can answer any query made by the customer of the Hotel with a single click of the mouse.

Thus, by doing the cost and benefit analysis of the software, we find that there are more

benefits arising by using the software as compared to the cost involved in the development and

implementation of the software.

C. OPERATIONAL FEASIBILITY: -

It is mainly related to human organizational and political aspects. The points to be

considered are:

o What changes will be brought with the system?

o What organizational structures are disturbed?

o What new skills will be required? Do the existing staff members have these skills?

o If not, can they be trained in due course of time?

Generally project will not be rejected simply because of operational in feasibility but

such considerations are likely to critically affect the nature and scope of the eventual

recommendations.

For operational feasibility study we appointed a small group of people who are familiar

with information system techniques, who understand the parts of the business that are relevant to

the project and are skilled in system analysis and design process.

SRS: -



Generally the SRS is a document that completely describes what the proposed softwareshould do without describing the software will so it. The basic goal of software requirements

phase is to produce the SRS that describe the complete behavior of the proposed software.

Need for SRS :-

• An SRS establishes the basic for agreement between the client and supplier on what the

software product will do. The basic for agreement if frequently formalized into a legal

contract between the client and developer. So through SRS the client clearly describe what it

expect from the supplier and the developer clearly understand what capabilities to built insoftware without such an agreement it almost guaranteed that once the development is over

the project will have an unhappy client which almost always leads to unhappy developers.

• An SRS provides a reference for validation for the final product. i.e. the SRS helps the client

determined if the software meets the requirements without a proper SRS there is no way a

client can determined. If the software being delivered is what was ordered and there is noway the developer can convince the client that all the requirements has been fulfilled.

• A high quality SRS can reduced the development cost.

• It is quite likely that many errors are made during the requirement phase and an error in SRS

will most likely manifest itself as an error in the final system implementing the SRS. Clearlyif we want a high quality final software that has few errors we must begin with high quality

SRS. As an approximation a total of 25% errors occurs during requirements and earlier

design phase. If a requirement error not removed in requirement phase, then the cost of fixing and error increases exponentially as a time progress. So we see that the quality of SRS

has an impact on cost of the project.

Software/Compilers Required To Develop This System:

Operating System : Windows 9X / XP / 2000

Front-End Tool : JSP

Back-End : My SQL

Hardware Required To Develop This System:



Processor: Any Pentium IV or Equivalent Machine

RAM: 256 MB

HDD: 40 GB

FDD: 1.44 MB

CD-ROM: 52X

15 inches Color Monitor

104 Keys Keyboards

Printer: DeskJet 670 C



DATA FLOW DIAGRAM OF THE PROJECT

OVERALL SYSTEM

Incoming

OutgoingGenerate billfor payment

HOTELMANAGMENT

GUEST



ZERO LEVEL DFD

1) Guest Incoming/ Outgoing: -

Hotel

Database

AmountHOTEL

OPERATION

Guest incoming

Guest outgoing



FIRST LEVEL DFD

2) New Guest: -

Request

GuestDetails

Room

Status

NEW GUESTSERVICE

Guest



3) Guest Outgoing: -

Balanc

e

Check

Request

AccountDatabase

Room

Status

GUESTSERVICE

Guest



E-R Diagram

Adminlogin

u n a m

e p a s s w o r d

ha

s

User

login

u n a m

e

p a s s w o r d

has

Guest info.

n a m e

A d d.

c o u n t r y

P h o n

e n o .

ha

s

User info

n a m

e

D

OR

Office

info.

R o o m

n o

R _t y p e

G_ na

me

Restau_in

fo

R o o

m n o

Q u a

n t i t y

Roo

m

type

Have

to bel

ong

s

Bill payment

R_no.G

u e s t n a m

e

p a i

d

Roo

m

charges

L a u

n d r y

e x p

F o o d

E x

p.



Introduction to JSP

JavaServer Pages (JSP) is a technology based on the Java language and enables the development

of dynamic web sites. JSP was developed by Sun Microsystems to allow server side

development. JSP files are HTML files with special Tags containing Java source code that provide the dynamic content.

The following shows the Typical Web server, different clients connecting via the Internet to a

Item



Web server. In this example, the Web server is running on Unix and is the very popular ApacheWeb server

`First static web pages were displayed. Typically these were people?s first experience with

making web pages so consisted of My Home Page sites and company marketing information.

Afterwards Perl and C were languages used on the web server to provide dynamic content. Soon

most languages including Visualbasic,Delphi,C and Java could be used to write applications that provided dynamic content using data from text files or database requests. These were known as

CGI server side applications. ASP was developed by Microsoft to allow HTML developers toeasily provide dynamic content supported as standard by Microsoft?s free Web Server,InternetInformation Server (IIS). JSP is the equivalent from Sun Microsystems,a comparison of ASP

and JSP will be presented in the following section.

hotel mnagement (1)

Documents